CN101449663A

CN101449663A - Crayfish fresh water culturing method

Info

Publication number: CN101449663A
Application number: CNA2007101685519A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 胡延祖; 卢友明
Original assignee: WUHAN YINONGFENG BIOTECHNOLOGY CO Ltd
Current assignee: WUHAN YINONGFENG BIOTECHNOLOGY CO Ltd
Priority date: 2007-11-30
Filing date: 2007-11-30
Publication date: 2009-06-10

Abstract

The invention discloses a method of culturing lobsterlings in fresh water, comprising: excavating an enclosed culture channel at a water inlet of a rice paddy; secondly, forming a culture region around the channel by mesh, building anti-escaping facilities at the water inlet and the water outlet of the rice paddy, for preventing external infraction and self escape of shrimps seedlings; thirdly, applying enough ground fertilizer, cultivating the parent shrimp after and before transplanting rice seedlings, sterilizing the channel before pasture, planting water weeds in the channel after one week; fourthly, culturing the parent shrimp of 10-22 kg per mou, and channel density 5-25/m2; fifthly, catching for sale. The invention method is simple, convenient in operation, low in cost, high in production and good in quality.

Description

The method of crayfish fresh water culturing

Technical field

The present invention relates to the shrimp culture technical field, more specifically relate to a kind of method of crayfish fresh water culturing.

Background technology

Cray is risen in the North America, is commonly called as freshwater crayfish, from classification, belongs to the Crustachia Arthropoda.In introducing after nineteen twenty-nine, spreaded all over the whole nation at present.Along with improving constantly of people's living standard, apparent consumption and export volume increase fast, and natural wild resource does not satisfy demand far away.Therefore, satisfy the unique selection of export processing day by day and market comsupton demand by artificial science freshwater aquiculture.The following three kinds of forms of main method current, that cray is cultured: 1, throw in the seed shrimp form, 2, throw in the shrimp with ovums form, 3, put the shrimp form of educating in a suitable place to breed.First kind of form of putting in a suitable place to breed is to put seed shrimp in a suitable place to breed about January before the harvesting of 7-8 month rice, not only just locating high temperature this period but also is again the busy season that paddy rice is used agricultural chemicals, causes the decline of lobster survival rate easily, and the young lobster growth rate that goes out of the ovum time lengthening that slows down.Second kind of form is to throw in shrimp with ovums in 9-10 month semilate rice harvesting back, and the vegetative period of juvenile prawn is shorter, and might extend to after May in the coming year from time reckoning could list marketing, and the height product shrimp quantity of selling does not reach the specification requirement of height product shrimp.The third form is to put juvenile prawn in a suitable place to breed after the semilate rice results, but the juvenile prawn quantity that can purchase is few, and purchasing price is higher, and production cost increases synchronously thereupon, and the benefit that causes equally culturing reduces, and causes the vicious circle in the breeding process unintentionally.The breed of three kinds of forms, especially paddy field aquaculture form are divided into the open loop ditch and do not ditch two kinds.The breed form of trench digging can be brought the rice field to level quantities and strengthen, and dropping into relatively increases, both time-consuming and effort; Though the form quantities of not ditching is little, drop into to reduce, give and fish for and increased difficulty, and the corresponding reduction of output.More than three kinds of breed forms from actual breed situation, both can't keep away heavy can not easily lift just light, Here it is directly obstacle the rice field large tracts of land and promote one of key factor of culturing cray.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to be to provide a kind of method of crayfish fresh water culturing, easy to implement the method, easy to operate, the present invention cultivates directly in the rice field not only that large number of biological offers the close shrimp young and the shrimp seedling is ingested, thereby has reached raising per unit area yield and culture benefit.

The present invention adopts following technical measures in order to achieve the above object: cray paddy field aquaculture method, it comprises puts leveling of preceding rice field in a suitable place to breed, parent shrimp breed and from numerous, forming and fishing for from the young, and rice cropping four big steps, it focuses on: the breed of close shrimp with from numerous be to have constituted in the anti-culture in enclosure ditch of escaping facility to carry out, prevent escaping the diffusing seedling hole that facility will be densely covered with diameter 0.-1.3cm surely near the place, ground, the shrimp seedling that close shrimp produces from numerous back can pass anti-diffusing seedling hole of escaping facility and enter the rice field self-sow.

Above-mentioned culture in enclosure ditch is meant a ditch in the rice field, and the method for excavating the culture in enclosure ditch in the rice field is that one of water inlet one end excavation in the rice field accounts for rice field gross area 2-12%.Ditch depth 0.6-0.8 rice, furrow width is not less than 2.8 meters ditch.

The anti-facility of escaping that encloses ditch is that structure plays fence around ditch, and 0.7-1.0 centimetre of prismatic or circular hole are arranged on the fence, high 40-70 centimetre of fence apart from ground, and timber is fixed, and the fence bottom is imbedded in the mud.Put the method that preceding rice field is leveled in a suitable place to breed, the one, excavation culture in enclosure ditch and build and anti-escape net in the rice field, the 2nd, ploughing and weeding and smooth is carried out in the rice field that ditch is outer, the 3rd, fertilizer must be made base fertilizer, and the 4th, must sterilization after pouring water, suitable breeding pasture and water in the ditch.

The breed of parent shrimp and from numerous method: the one, at first to carry out the disinfection of close shrimp; to prevent disease; the 2nd, carry out the culture in enclosure work of close shrimp; to prevent external invasion and attack; the 3rd, carry out close shrimp natural mating conscientiously; lay eggs and incubate the children and work, compacting breeding basis, the 4th, pay attention to protecting the shrimp seedling to climb out of and enter the rice field from anti-diffusing seedling hole of escaping facility.

The sterilization method of parent shrimp is: with PP water (potassium permanganate) solution soaking of ten thousand/titer about 10 minutes.

Breeding and catching method of lobster: the one, pay attention to observing.Shrimp is a self-sow to the young as long as the rational Application technology is grasped link to forming.The 2nd, fish for the listing process after the young is formed and should carry out in line with minute round.

The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages and effect: the one, and rice field culture in enclosure and ditching are bred to improve and are dropped into close shrimp, and the 2nd, close shrimp breeds the harm that can directly reduce rice seedling in the culture in enclosure ditch, not only receive shrimp but also receive grain and accomplish bumper harvests.The 3rd, close shrimp can form mating, lay eggs, incubates the children in ditch.The 4th, close shrimp helps solving the rice field and puts required shrimp seedling problem in a suitable place to breed than the easy acquisition of juvenile prawn; The 5th, be convenient to fish for; The 6th, enclose ditch and be convenient to horizontal biological self reproducing shrimp rare bait is provided; The 7th, wheel is caught and is helped improving the equilibrium listing of culturing gross weight and product seed shrimp.Therefore, applying this method, to have a cost low, output height, quality better and form economic good new feature.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1:

The cultural method of cray is: 1, account for the 2-12% of the rice field gross area at area of rice field water inlet place excavation, dark 0.6-0.8 rice, the wide culture in enclosure ditch that is not less than 2.8 meters.2, ditch is 0.7-1.07 centimetre with mesh all around, forms a culture zone.Rice field water inlet and discharge outlet must be set up the anti-facility of escaping, to prevent self escaping of external infringement and shrimp seedling.3, use sufficient base fertilizer, be advisable with every mu of 500-800 kilogram fertilizer, close shrimp can be put in a suitable place to breed before and after rice transplanting, put in a suitable place to breed in the preceding ditch and must sterilize, available quicklime carries out disinfection, week back pasture and water such as breeding waterweed, eel grass or water peanut in ditch, and coverage rate is not less than the water surface 50%.The parent shrimp is carried out sterilization when putting in a suitable place to breed equally, and available ten thousand/liquor potassic permanganate soaked 5-10 minute, so that go out parasite and relevant bacterium reduce its close shrimp disease.4, every mu of rice field parent shrimp stocking rate is the 10-22 kilogram, and density is 5-25 tail/m in the ditch ²5, fish for, for normally obtaining, no matter from output with educate journey and must have a high regard for science and try to achieve actual effect, the shrimp seedling grows up under the situation that is not less than 20 gram/tails, can suitably begin wheel and catch listing in the hope of just when benefit.

Embodiment 2:

Cray paddy field aquaculture method is: utilize the original circular groove in rice field, but circular groove must not be shallower than 0.6-0.8 rice, width is not less than 2.5 meters requirement, surround a culture zone in the water inlet with asbestos shingle, area accounts for rice field gross area 2-12%, insert in the mud bottom of asbestos shingle, guarantee to enclose firmly being suitable for of district.The outer rice field of ditch is by the rice cropping requirement plantation of normally turning over.To educate needs in order growing, to prevent escaping facility the water inlet and same foundation of discharge outlet in rice field, in case harmful animal and shrimp seedling are escaped.But put in a suitable place to breed before and after the rice transplanting of parent shrimp, put water inlet earlier in the anterior canal in a suitable place to breed, the degree of depth is not less than 25 centimetres, carries out once sterilizing with quicklime in the water, plants pasture and water after the week equally in ditch, and coverage rate is low water level 50% not.Along with the growth of pasture and water, gradually with water level promoting to 50-100 centimetre, when putting close shrimp in a suitable place to breed with ten thousand/ liquor potassic permanganate soaked 5 minutes so that kill the parasite and the Related Bacteria of shrimp body.Parent shrimp stocking rate is every mu of 10-22 kilogram, and ditch in-laws shrimp density is 8-25 tail/m ²The throwing every day amount of raising is the 4-12% of close shrimp body weight in the nursing, makes the normally breeding in the culture in enclosure district of close shrimp to go out to enter the rice field and grow naturally from the diffusing seedling hole drill of fence after the young grows up to young shrimp.When growing up to can take turns after being not less than 20 gram/tails, its Prawn seedling catches listing.

Embodiment 3:

The paddy field aquaculture method of cray is: excavate into the 4-12% that area accounts for rice field area in the rice field inlet end, dark 0.6-0.8 rice, the wide culture in enclosure ditch that is not less than 5 meters, surround a culture zone with hard plastic sheet with holes around the ditch, plastic sheet exceeds 80 centimetres in rice field, wherein 20 centimetres are inserted in the mud, be covered with 0.8-1.4 centimetre of diffusing seedling hole in 20 cm range of ground, high rice field, fixed in order firmly to be suitable for available timber, plantation eel grass and water peanut in the ditch, the smooth cultivation that does as usual of the outer rice field of ditch is anti-ly escaped facility same foundation of the water inlet in rice field and drainage position, in case external infringement and shrimp seedling are escaped.In the rice field, excavate some length in proportion and be not less than 80% of rice field length or width, wide 10-15 centimetre, dark 10-25 centimetre furrow, every mu uses sufficient 500-800 kilogram fertilizer as base fertilizer, the parent shrimp can be thrown in before and after rice transplanting, put in a suitable place to breed and pour into the water that is not less than about 25 centimetres in the anterior canal, along with pasture and water growth in the ditch promotes water level, degree of depth 80-120 centimetre gradually, when the parent shrimp is put in a suitable place to breed, and content is the sterilization of 3% saline sook, and stocking rate is every mu of 12-22 kilogram, and ditch in-laws shrimp density is 8-25 tail/m ²The throwing every day amount of raising is the 40-12% of close shrimp body weight when feeding, reaching close shrimp normally breeds in the culture in enclosure ditch, treat that the young grows up to nature behind the young shrimp and gets out to enter the rice field from the diffusing Miao Kongzhong of fence and grow, growing up gradually in growth along with the shrimp seedling, when being not less than can take turns more than the 20 gram/tails, body weight catches listing, after treating rice harves, can thoroughly not catch catching most one-tenth shrimp.

Claims

1, a kind of method of crayfish fresh water culturing, it comprises the following steps:

A, account for the 2-12% of the rice field gross area, dark 0.6-0.8 rice, the wide culture in enclosure ditch that is not less than 2.8 meters at area of rice field water inlet place excavation;

B, ditch are 0.7-1.07 centimetre with mesh all around, form a culture zone, and rice field water inlet and discharge outlet are set up and prevented escaping facility, prevent self escaping of external infringement and shrimp seedling;

C, use sufficient base fertilizer, every mu of 500-800 kilogram fertilizer, the parent shrimp is put in a suitable place to breed before and after rice transplanting, put in a suitable place to breed in the preceding ditch and sterilize, carry out disinfection with quicklime, week back breeding waterweed, eel grass or water peanut pasture and water in ditch, coverage rate is not less than the water surface 50%, sterilization when the parent shrimp is put in a suitable place to breed was soaked 5-10 minute with ten thousand/liquor potassic permanganate;

D, every mu of rice field parent shrimp stocking rate are the 10-22 kilogram, and density is 5-25 tail/m in the ditch ²

E, fish for, the shrimp seedling grows up under the situation that is not less than 20 gram/tails, begins wheel and catches listing.