CN103535302A - Inter-farming technique of water fennel and crayfish - Google Patents
Inter-farming technique of water fennel and crayfish Download PDFInfo
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- CN103535302A CN103535302A CN201310506751.6A CN201310506751A CN103535302A CN 103535302 A CN103535302 A CN 103535302A CN 201310506751 A CN201310506751 A CN 201310506751A CN 103535302 A CN103535302 A CN 103535302A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/60—Fishing; Aquaculture; Aquafarming
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural cultivation and relates to an inter-farming technique of water fennel and crayfish. The technique includes: cultivation of the crayfish and planting of water fennel. The technique is characterized in that a water fennel pond for planting of the water fennel is used for cultivating the crayfish during intervals of water fennel planting; the water fennel is planted in mid-August, starts to be harvested in mid-October and is completely harvested in early March of the next year; the crayfish is cultivated from mid-March, commercially available from June and completely captured in early August. Water fennel planting and crayfish cultivation are organically combined; the water fennel pond meets the basic growth requirements of the crayfish; the root and leaf of the water fennel and the pond are rich in good feeds, such as detritus and organic debris, which are favored by the crayfish; land (water surface) availability is improved, and planting and cultivating benefits are increased; the water fennel pond is built regularly and convenient for drainage and irrigation, and feeding management is facilitated. The technique has good economic benefit, is innovative among lobster cultivation techniques, and is suitable for popularization in water fennel planting places.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of agricultural breeding, be specifically related to a kind of Chinese celery cultivation and organically combine intercropping breeding technology with cray cultivation.
Background technology
In recent years, along with the sharply rising of lobster consumption figure, and the falling sharply of cray resource under natural conditions, phenomenon that the market demand occurs that obviously supply falls short of demand, causes lobster price significantly to raise up year by year, and has expedited the emergence of lobster and propagated this emerging industry artificially.
At present, cray is propagated artificially, be all special plant, and the cultivation of Chinese celery is also special plantation place, and both do things in his own way, and causes the water surface and land utilization efficiency not high, plants, supports benefit and do not maximize.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is in order to explore the lobster cultivation technique under various modes a kind of Chinese celery cray intercropping breeding technology of proposition.
The present invention is achieved like this: Chinese celery cray intercropping breeding technology, comprise cray cultivation and Chinese celery planting technology, and it is characterized in that utilizing in the gap of Chinese celery plantation the pool cultivated cray of Chinese celery of planting Chinese celery; Plantation mid-August of described Chinese celery, starts to gather then mid-October, and to ends of gathering of Second Year early March, lobster starts to cultivate mid-March, starts June to go on the market, and early August is caught end.
Usually, described crayfish breeding technique has following characteristics:
Pond condition: the Chinese celery pond of intercropping cray has the good sufficient water source of water quality and drainage facility easily, depth of water 1m～1.5m, at the bottom of pond and pool wall have good water retention property, to reduce the seepage of Chi Shui.
Seed is put in a suitable place to breed: the anti-facility of escaping is set--and in the Chinese celery pond of intercropping cray surrounding, arrange and prevent escaping wall, prevent that harmful organisms from entering and cray escapes, the anti-wall of escaping should be more than 30cm above ground level; After clean up the pond in time-Chinese celery is gathered and finishes, every 666.7m
2with quicklime, 80～100kg thoroughly cleans up the pond, to kill pathogene and harmful organisms, and before shrimp seedling is put in a suitable place to breed 1 week, the new water of annotating; Transplant pasture and water--when Chinese celery is gathered, take to lancinate and stay root measure, by Chinese celery tender shoots, root system, provide habitat condition and foodstuff for lobster, in addition, after Chinese celery is gathered, in Chinese celery pool side plantation eel grass, hydrilla verticillata pasture and water, build the marginal environment that lobster perches and shells; Shrimp seedling is put in a suitable place to breed--every 666.7m
2only throw in the juvenile prawn 3800-4200 of 2.8-3.2cm size.
Feeding and management: feedstuff feeding--according to the different growth and development stages of Various Seasonal and cray, take to determine matter, quantitatively, regularly, the multiple spot method of throwing something and feeding, the small fish of throwing something and feeding, spiral shell freshwater mussel meat, wheat and maize feed, be aided with green fodder; Day feeding volume is 4%～7% of shrimp body weight, throws something and feeds every day 2 times, take at dusk once as main, accounts for 60%～70% of whole day feeding volume; Water quality adjustment--since June, strengthen the water filling to pond, make stable level at 1.15-1.25m, high temperature season water level is at 1.45-1.55m; Every 10～15 days of 5～June was changed water one time, and change weekly water once 7～September, and water transparence keeps between 30～40cm; In breeding process, every 18-22 days uses quicklime and calcium dihydrogen phosphate to improve water quality, increases the calcium constituent in water body, suppresses and kills pathogen, improves water pH value, impels lobster shelling, the in the situation that of the 1m depth of water, and every 666.7m
2with quicklime 10kg or calcium dihydrogen phosphate 2kg.
Sick harmful animal control: prevention of damage by disease-every 20 days every 666.7m
2with quicklime 10kg, add water and be deployed into the diseases prevention that once carries out disinfection of solution full pool spilling head, regularly in feed, add probiotics and vitamin drug; Eliminate harmful animal--to the thoroughly clear pond sterilization of Chinese celery pond, to entering discharge outlet, with close net, seal, patrol field every day and check, find that harmful animal will catch in time, remove;
Fish for sale: the annual June starts the work of fishing for later, and the cray that reaches specification is fished for listing in time, in addition, according to crops for rotation requirement, before Chinese celery plantation, drain Chi Shui.
Chinese celery planting technology of the present invention has following characteristics:
Site preparation and fertilization: Chinese celery pond deep ploughing 20～25cm executes decomposed manure 30t/hm when deep ploughing
2, 25% Chinese celery composite fertilizer special 750kg/hm
2with urea 150kg/hm
2make base manure, field face requires rake carefully to even up, and the surrounding of ridge will be shoveled together and be made real, and prevents that field from leaking.
Seeding final singling: seeding before and after mid-August, amount of seed metering is 12t/hm
2left and right.23-27 days after seeding, seedling grows to 10～12cm, and at this moment female stem is withered rotten, and seedling is broken during lower cultivation buries, and at seeding 33-37 days, carries out the even seedling of final singling, and too high seedling is inserted deeply, makes the growth of Chinese celery seedling consistent.
Field management: the management of water layer--after living, draining is put field 3～5 days, to promote root system, deeply prick, then answer shallow water 3～5cm, in seeding, after 30～35 days, when plant height reaches 13-17cm, fill with deep water 6～8cm, later growing tall along with plant, progressively deepen to pour water, make field water level keep plant to have 2-4 to open blade and be exposed at waterbornely, remainder is immersed in water; Topdress--Chinese celery, need to topdress 3 times vegetative period, after the slow seedling of seeding, impose and once carry seed manure, night soil 30t/hm for the first time
2, after seeding after 35 days even seedlings of final singling, heavy dressing primary branch is fertile, imposes 45% composite fertilizer 150kg/hm for the second time
2, see for the third time seedling fertilising, applying fertilizer latter 10 days for the second time, for the field a little less than growing way, to mend and execute, the front field of at every turn applying fertilizer drains water, executes latter 1 day timely rehydration.
Gather: Chinese celery was gathered in March in early October to next year in batches.
The present invention organically combines Chinese celery plantation and cray cultivation, has following advantage:
Chinese celery pond meets the basic demand of lobster growth.Chinese celery pond (aquatic vegetable that comprises other) is because of the needs of plantation Chinese celery (aquatic vegetable), and water level is generally darker, and near water source, meets the basic demand of lobster cultivation.The abundant corrosion matter that the root of Chinese celery, leaf and pond contain, organic debris etc. are all the good bait of lobster happiness food.
Chinese celery pond intercropping lobster, has improved soil (water surface) availability, has increased kind, has supported benefit.Chinese celery mid-August, plantation, started to gather then mid-October, to the Second Year end of gathering March.And season of growth of lobster just in 3～August.Chinese celery pond intercropping lobster was not both conflicted mutually on growth time, was independent of each other, and had improved again soil (water surface) availability, had increased kind, had supported benefit.
Chinese celery pond builds standard, and irrigation and drainage are convenient, are beneficial to feeding and management.Chinese celery pond builds relatively standard, and the new water that is convenient to regularly annotate, the quicklime of splashing, use probiotics, be conducive to improve breeding water body environment, strengthens lobster physique, reduces disease and occurs, thereby promote lobster to grow.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment: the present embodiment carries out the test of Chinese celery cray intercropping mode in Nanjing horse collection applicant's Chinese celery planting base, has obtained good economic benefit and social benefit.
Embodiment Chinese celery cray intercropping breeding technology is as follows:
One, crops for rotation breeding pattern arranges
Lobster starts cultivation mid-March, starts listing June, and early August is caught end.And plantation Chinese celery mid-August starts to gather then mid-October, to the end of gathering of Second Year early March.Chinese celery pond intercropping lobster was not both conflicted mutually on growth time, was independent of each other, and had improved again soil (water surface) availability simultaneously, had increased kind, had supported benefit.
Two, lobster cultivation technique
1, pond condition
The Chinese celery pond of intercropping cray requires to have abundant water resources, and water quality is good, and drainage is convenient.Depth of water 1m～1.5m, at the bottom of pond and pool wall have good water retention property, to reduce the seepage of Chi Shui.
2, seed is put in a suitable place to breed
The anti-facility of escaping is set: in the pond of intercropping cray surrounding, arrange and prevent escaping wall, in order to avoid harmful organisms enters with cray, escape.Can select some smooth surfaces such as calcium-plastic board, plastic film, material free from environmental pollution as the anti-wall materials of escaping, the anti-wall of escaping should be more than 30cm above ground level.
Clean up the pond in time: after Chinese celery is gathered and finishes, every 666.7m
2with quicklime, 80～100kg thoroughly cleans up the pond, to kill pathogene and harmful organisms.And before shrimp seedling is put in a suitable place to breed 1 week, note the new water of filling.
Transplant pasture and water: cray is liked perching, casting off a skin in pasture and water clump.When Chinese celery is gathered, take to lancinate and stay root measure, by Chinese celery tender shoots, root system, provide habitat condition and foodstuff for lobster.In addition, after Chinese celery is gathered, also to, in Chinese celery pool side plantation eel grass, hydrilla verticillata etc. pasture and water, build the marginal environment that lobster perches and shells.
Shrimp seedling is put in a suitable place to breed: every 666.7m
2throw in 4000 left and right of juvenile prawn of 3cm left and right.While putting in a suitable place to breed, will note the quality of shrimp, stocking size is neat as far as possible, and the disposable foot of putting.
3, feeding and management
Feedstuff feeding: lobster belongs to heterophagous biology, especially happiness food feed of animal origin.Will be according to the different growth and development stages of Various Seasonal and lobster, the feeds such as the small fish of throwing something and feeding, spiral shell freshwater mussel meat, wheat, corn, are aided with the green fodders such as duckweed, and feed request is fresh, agreeable to the taste, comprehensive nutrition.Day feeding volume is 4%～7% of shrimp body weight, throws something and feeds every day 2 times, take at dusk once as main, accounts for 60%～70% of whole day feeding volume, take to determine matter, quantitatively, regularly, the multiple spot method of throwing something and feeding, guarantee that all lobsters can have, avoid striving food, promote balanced growth.
Water quality adjustment: strengthen the water filling to pond since June, make stable level in 1.2m left and right, high temperature season water level is in 1.5m left and right.5～June, every 10～15d changed water one time, and change weekly water once 7～September, and water transparence keeps between 30～40cm.In breeding process, every 20d uses left and right quicklime and calcium dihydrogen phosphate to improve water quality, increases the calcium constituent in water body, suppresses and kills pathogen, improves water pH value, impels lobster shelling.The in the situation that of the 1m depth of water, every 666.7m
2with quicklime 10kg or calcium dihydrogen phosphate 2kg.
4, sick harmful animal control
Prevention of damage by disease: the Major Diseases of lobster has the disease of crust disease, enterogastritis and parasite initiation etc.Every the every 666.7m of 20d
2with quicklime 10kg, add water and be deployed into the diseases prevention that once carries out disinfection of solution full pool spilling head.Regularly in feed, add the medicines such as probiotics and vitamin, can strengthen the physique of shrimp, reduce the generation of disease.
Eliminate harmful animal: the harmful animal of lobster mainly contains water rat, water snake, frog, toad, aquatic bird and some violent predacious fishes etc.Except to the thoroughly clear pond sterilization of Chinese celery pond, for entering discharge outlet, also to seal with close net, be strictly on guard against that harmful animal enters.To strengthen patrolling field every day and check work, to finding that harmful animal will catch in time, remove.
5, fish for sale
The annual June will be strengthened the work of fishing for later, and the lobster that reaches specification can be gone on the market in time.Shrimp seedling was through the raising of about 2 months, and some lobster reaches commercial specification, fish in time.Can adopt the instruments such as cage, lobster basket to fish for, place cage, lobster basket in pond afternoon, plays cage early morning and receive shrimp.In addition, according to crops for rotation requirement, before Chinese celery plantation, drain Chi Shui, most of lobster is caught.
Three, Chinese celery culture technique
1, site preparation and fertilization
Chinese celery pond deep ploughing 20～25cm executes decomposed manure 30t/hm when deep ploughing
2, 25% Chinese celery composite fertilizer special 750kg/hm
2with urea 150kg/hm
2make base manure, field face requires rake carefully to even up, and the surrounding of ridge will be shoveled together and be made real, and prevents that field from leaking.
2, seeding final singling
Seeding before and after mid-August, amount of seed metering is 12t/hm
2left and right.About 25d after seeding, seedling has grown to 10～12cm, and at this moment female stem is withered rotten, and seedling is broken during lower cultivation buries.In seeding 35d left and right, can carry out the even seedling of final singling, and too high seedling is inserted deeply, Chinese celery seedling is grown unanimously substantially.
3, field management
The management of water layer: after alive, field 3～5d is put in draining, to promote root system deeply to prick, then answers shallow water 3～5cm.After seeding 30～35d, when plant height reaches 15cm left and right, should fill with deep water 6～8cm.Later, along with the growing tall of plant, progressively deepen to pour water, make field water level keep plant approximately to have 3 blades to be exposed at waterborne, remainder is immersed in water.
4, topdress
Chinese celery, generally need to topdress 3 times vegetative period.After the slow seedling of seeding, impose and once carry seed manure, night soil 30t/hm for the first time
2.After seeding after the even seedling of 35d final singling, heavy dressing primary branch is fertile, imposes 45% composite fertilizer 150kg/hm for the second time
2.See for the third time seedling fertilising, 10d after fertilising for the second time, mends and executes for the field a little less than growing way.The front field of each fertilising drains water, executes the timely rehydration of rear 1d.
5, gather
Chinese celery was gathered in March in early October to next year in batches.According to the market demand, arrange different size listing.
The present embodiment pattern is at Chinese celery planting base, horse market town test manufacture intercropping area 16.2hm
2.Every 666.7m
2produce Chinese celery 4000kg left and right, 6400 yuan of the output values, 3400 yuan of benefits, compare and remain basically stable with simple plantation Chinese celery.Produce lobster 50kg, 1537 yuan of the output values, 950 yuan of benefits simultaneously.Every 666.7m
2total benefit reaches 1900 yuan, increases more than 1000 yuan of benefit.By breeding intercropping, show, this pattern is good in economic efficiency, and it is a kind of innovation of lobster cultivation technique, suitablely in Chinese celery plantation area, promotes.
Claims (2)
1. a Chinese celery cray intercropping breeding technology, comprises cray cultivation and Chinese celery planting technology, it is characterized in that utilizing in the gap of Chinese celery plantation the pool cultivated cray of Chinese celery of planting Chinese celery; Plantation mid-August of described Chinese celery, starts to gather then mid-October, and to ends of gathering of Second Year early March, cray starts to cultivate mid-March, starts June to go on the market, and early August is caught end.
2. Chinese celery cray intercropping breeding technology as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that described crayfish breeding technique has following characteristics:
Pond condition: the Chinese celery pond of intercropping cray has the good sufficient water source of water quality and drainage facility easily, depth of water 1m～1.5m, at the bottom of pond and pool wall have good water retention property, to reduce the seepage of Chi Shui;
Seed is put in a suitable place to breed: the anti-facility of escaping is set--and in the Chinese celery pond of intercropping cray surrounding, arrange and prevent escaping wall, prevent that harmful organisms from entering and cray escapes, the anti-wall of escaping should be more than 30cm above ground level; After clean up the pond in time-Chinese celery is gathered and finishes, every 666.7m
2with quicklime, 80～100kg thoroughly cleans up the pond, to kill pathogene and harmful organisms, and before shrimp seedling is put in a suitable place to breed 1 week, the new water of annotating; Transplant pasture and water--when Chinese celery is gathered, take to lancinate and stay root measure, by Chinese celery tender shoots, root system, provide habitat condition and foodstuff for cray, in addition, after Chinese celery is gathered, in Chinese celery pool side plantation eel grass, hydrilla verticillata pasture and water, build the marginal environment that cray perches and shells; Shrimp seedling is put in a suitable place to breed--every 666.7m
2only throw in the juvenile prawn 3800-4200 of 2.8-3.2cm size;
Feeding and management: feedstuff feeding--according to the different growth and development stages of Various Seasonal and cray, take to determine matter, quantitatively, regularly, the multiple spot method of throwing something and feeding, the small fish of throwing something and feeding, spiral shell freshwater mussel meat, wheat and maize feed, be aided with green fodder; Day feeding volume is 4%～7% of shrimp body weight, throws something and feeds every day 2 times, take at dusk once as main, accounts for 60%～70% of whole day feeding volume; Water quality adjustment--since June, strengthen the water filling to pond, make stable level at 1.15-1.25m, high temperature season water level is at 1.45-1.55m; Every 10～15 days of 5～June was changed water one time, and change weekly water once 7～September, and water transparence keeps between 30～40cm; In breeding process, every 18-22 days uses quicklime and calcium dihydrogen phosphate to improve water quality, increases the calcium constituent in water body, suppresses and kills pathogen, improves water pH value, impels cray shelling, the in the situation that of the 1m depth of water, and every 666.7m
2with quicklime 10kg or calcium dihydrogen phosphate 2kg;
Sick harmful animal control: prevention of damage by disease-every 20 days every 666.7m
2with quicklime 10kg, add water and be deployed into the diseases prevention that once carries out disinfection of solution full pool spilling head, regularly in feed, add probiotics and vitamin drug; Eliminate harmful animal--to the thoroughly clear pond sterilization of Chinese celery pond, to entering discharge outlet, with close net, seal, patrol field every day and check, find that harmful animal will catch in time, remove;
Fish for sale: the annual June starts the work of fishing for later, and the little cray that reaches specification is fished for listing in time, in addition, according to crops for rotation requirement, before Chinese celery plantation, drain Chi Shui;
Described Chinese celery planting technology has following characteristics:
Site preparation and fertilization: Chinese celery pond deep ploughing 20～25cm executes decomposed manure 30t/hm when deep ploughing
2, 25% Chinese celery composite fertilizer special 750kg/hm
2with urea 150kg/hm
2make base manure, field face requires rake carefully to even up, and the surrounding of ridge will be shoveled together and be made real, and prevents that field from leaking;
Seeding final singling: seeding before and after mid-August, amount of seed metering is 12t/hm
2left and right, 23-27 days after seeding, seedling grows to 10～12cm, and at this moment female stem is withered rotten, and seedling is broken during lower cultivation buries, and at seeding 33-37 days, carries out the even seedling of final singling, and too high seedling is inserted deeply, makes the growth of Chinese celery seedling consistent;
Field management: the management of water layer--after living, draining is put field 3～5 days, to promote root system, deeply prick, then answer shallow water 3～5cm, in seeding, after 30～35 days, when plant height reaches 13-17cm, fill with deep water 6～8cm, later growing tall along with plant, progressively deepen to pour water, make field water level keep plant to have 2-4 to open blade and be exposed at waterbornely, remainder is immersed in water; Topdress--Chinese celery, need to topdress 3 times vegetative period, after the slow seedling of seeding, impose and once carry seed manure, night soil 30t/hm for the first time
2, after seeding after 35 days even seedlings of final singling, heavy dressing primary branch is fertile, imposes 45% composite fertilizer 150kg/hm for the second time
2, see for the third time seedling fertilising, applying fertilizer latter 10 days for the second time, for the field a little less than growing way, to mend and execute, the front field of at every turn applying fertilizer drains water, executes latter 1 day timely rehydration;
Gather: Chinese celery was gathered in March in early October to next year in batches.
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| CN201310506751.6A CN103535302A (en) | 2013-10-25 | 2013-10-25 | Inter-farming technique of water fennel and crayfish |
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| CN201310506751.6A CN103535302A (en) | 2013-10-25 | 2013-10-25 | Inter-farming technique of water fennel and crayfish |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105010106A (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2015-11-04 | 安徽省舒城县舒丰现代农业科技开发有限责任公司 | Cultivation method for cress in deep water utilizing floating frame |
| CN105210936A (en) * | 2014-10-18 | 2016-01-06 | 颍上县永祥旱粮研究所 | A kind of lobster wild rice stem mixed culturing technology |
| CN109169448A (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2019-01-11 | 合肥万丰生态稻虾养殖专业合作社 | A kind of method of wheatland cultivation cray |
| CN112189602A (en) * | 2020-09-24 | 2021-01-08 | 武汉市农业科学院 | Alternate culture method of cress, crayfish and dace in water body |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105210936A (en) * | 2014-10-18 | 2016-01-06 | 颍上县永祥旱粮研究所 | A kind of lobster wild rice stem mixed culturing technology |
| CN105010106A (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2015-11-04 | 安徽省舒城县舒丰现代农业科技开发有限责任公司 | Cultivation method for cress in deep water utilizing floating frame |
| CN109169448A (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2019-01-11 | 合肥万丰生态稻虾养殖专业合作社 | A kind of method of wheatland cultivation cray |
| CN112189602A (en) * | 2020-09-24 | 2021-01-08 | 武汉市农业科学院 | Alternate culture method of cress, crayfish and dace in water body |
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Application publication date: 20140129 |