CN105575775B - 层结构及制造其的方法、形成图案的方法以及半导体装置 - Google Patents
层结构及制造其的方法、形成图案的方法以及半导体装置 Download PDFInfo
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- CN105575775B CN105575775B CN201510426921.9A CN201510426921A CN105575775B CN 105575775 B CN105575775 B CN 105575775B CN 201510426921 A CN201510426921 A CN 201510426921A CN 105575775 B CN105575775 B CN 105575775B
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- 125000000475 sulfinyl group Chemical group [*:2]S([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
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- MZLGASXMSKOWSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum nitride Chemical compound [Ta]#N MZLGASXMSKOWSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003866 trichloromethyl group Chemical group ClC(Cl)(Cl)* 0.000 description 1
- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triflic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TUUQISRYLMFKOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trihexyl 2-acetyloxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate Chemical compound CCCCCCOC(=O)CC(C(=O)OCCCCCC)(OC(C)=O)CC(=O)OCCCCCC TUUQISRYLMFKOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AMMPRZCMKXDUNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N trihexyl 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate Chemical compound CCCCCCOC(=O)CC(O)(C(=O)OCCCCCC)CC(=O)OCCCCCC AMMPRZCMKXDUNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005591 trimellitate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- VLPFTAMPNXLGLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trioctanoin Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCC VLPFTAMPNXLGLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- APVVRLGIFCYZHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trioctyl 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(=O)CC(O)(C(=O)OCCCCCCCC)CC(=O)OCCCCCCCC APVVRLGIFCYZHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C08G73/0666—Polycondensates containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
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Abstract
本发明提供一种层结构及制造其的方法、形成图案的方法以及半导体装置,其中,制造层结构的方法包含通过将包含第一有机化合物的第一组合物涂覆到具有多个图案的衬底上形成第一有机层(S1);将溶剂涂覆到第一有机层上以去除第一有机层的一部分(S2);以及将包含第二有机化合物的第二组合物涂覆到其中的一部分被去除的第一有机层上并且经由固化过程形成第二有机层(S3);从而可制造具有卓越平坦化特征的层结构,且无需单独的回蚀刻制程或化学机械抛光制程。
Description
相关申请案的交叉参考
本申请案主张2014年10月31日在韩国知识产权局提交的韩国专利申请案第10-2014-0150602号的优先权和权益,其全部内容以引用的方式并入本文中。
技术领域
本发明揭露一种制造层结构的方法和一种形成图案的方法,并且尤其揭露一种制造层结构用于形成如双重镶嵌互连结构(dual damascene interconnection structure)的多图案结构的方法以及一种形成图案的方法。
背景技术
最近,半导体产业已经研发出具有几纳米到几十纳米尺寸的图案的超精细技术。这种超精细技术基本上需要有效的光刻(lithographic)技术。
典型的光刻技术包含:在半导体衬底上提供材料层;在其上涂布光刻胶层;曝光并且显影光刻胶层以提供光刻胶图案;以及使用光刻胶图案作为掩模来蚀刻材料层。
现如今,根据待形成的图案的小尺寸,仅仅通过上述典型光刻技术难以提供具有卓越轮廓的精细图案。因此,可以在材料层与光刻胶层之间形成被称为硬掩模层的有机层来提供精细图案。
硬掩模层具有中间层的作用,用于经由选择性蚀刻制程将光刻胶的精细图案转印到材料层。因此,硬掩模层需要具有如耐热性和耐蚀刻性等特征,以在多个蚀刻制程期间为耐受的。
另外,在多图案化过程中,当衬底具有级距或图案密集区域或无图案区域存在于晶片上时,填充图案的硬掩模层特别需要具有平坦化特征以便最小化图案之间的级距。
因此,需要能够符合所述特征的层结构。
发明内容
一个实施例提供一种制造具有卓越平坦化特征的层结构的方法而无需单独的回蚀刻制程或化学机械抛光(chemical mechanical polishing,CMP)制程。
另一实施例提供具有卓越平坦化特征并且确保耐蚀刻性的层结构。
又一实施例提供一种使用所述层结构形成图案的方法。
再一实施例提供一种通过形成图案的方法制造的半导体装置。
根据一个实施例,一种制造层结构的方法包含通过将包含第一有机化合物的第一组合物涂覆到具有多个图案的衬底上以形成第一有机层;将溶剂涂覆到第一有机层上以去除第一有机层的一部分;以及将包含第二有机化合物的第二组合物涂覆到其中的一部分被去除的第一有机层上并且经由固化过程形成第二有机层。
其中的一部分被去除的第一有机层可存在于图案的间隙内。
溶剂对第一组合物的第一有机化合物可具有溶解性。
溶剂可包含γ-丁内酯(γ-butyrolactone)、δ-戊内酯(δ-valerolactone)、乳酸乙酯(ethyl lactate)、乙基-3-乙氧基丙酸酯(ethyl-3-ethoxypropionate)、丙二醇单甲醚乙酸酯(propylene glycolmonomethyl ether acetate)、β-羟基β-甲基丁酸酯(β-hydroxyβ-methylbutyrate)、甲醇、乙醇、1-丙醇(1-propyl alcohol)、2-丙醇、2-丁醇、乙二醇、丙二醇、甘油、1,6-己二醇(1,6-hexanediol)、环己二醇、山梨糖醇、木糖醇、2-甲基-2,4-戊二醇(2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol)、1,3-丁二醇、1,4-丁二醇、乙二醇单甲醚(ethylene glycol monomethyl ether)、二乙二醇(diethylene glycol)、二丙二醇(dipropylene glycol)、丙二醇单甲醚(propylene glycol monomethyl ether)、二乙二醇单甲醚(diethylene glycol monomethyl ether)、三乙二醇(triethylene glycol)、聚(乙二醇)(poly(ethylene glycol))、丙二醇单甲醚(propylene glycol monomethyl ether)、二丙二醇单甲醚(dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether)、三丙二醇单甲醚(tripropylene glycol monomethyl ether)、二乙二醇单丁醚(diethylene glycolmonobutyl ether)、丙二醇单甲醚乙酸酯(propylene glycol monomethyl etheracetate)、乙基乙氧基丙酸酯(ethylethoxy propionate)、丙二醇单甲醚丙酸酯(propylene glycol monomethyl ether propionate)、乙二醇二乙酸酯(ethylene glycoldiacetate)、乳酸乙酯(ethyl lactate)、乳酸丁酯(butyl lactate)、2-羟基异丁酸甲酯(methyl 2-hydroxyisobutyrate)、乙酸正丁酯(n-butyl acetate)、甲酰胺、单甲基甲酰胺(monomethylformamide)、二甲基甲酰胺(dimethyl formamide)、乙酰胺、单甲基乙酰胺(monomethylacetamide)、二甲基乙酰胺(dimethyl acetamide)、单乙基乙酰胺、二乙基乙酰胺、N-甲基吡咯烷酮(N-methylpyrrolidone)、甲氧基丙酸甲酯(methoxy methylpropionate)、甲氧基丙酸乙酯(methoxy ethyl propionate)、甲氧基丙酸丙酯(methoxypropyl propionate)、甲氧基丙酸丁酯(methoxy butyl propionate)、乙氧基丙酸甲酯(ethoxy methyl propionate)、乙氧基丙酸乙酯(ethoxy ethylpropionate)、乙氧基丙酸丙酯(ethoxy propyl propionate)、乙氧基丙酸丁酯(ethoxy butyl propionate)、二甲砜(dimethyl sulfone)、二甲亚砜(dimethyl sulfoxide)、环丁砜、丙酮、乙酰丙酮(acetylacetone)、甲基乙基酮(methylethyl ketone)、甲基异丁基酮(methyl isobutyl ketone)或其组合。
可以约0.1cc到约100cc的量涂覆溶剂。
溶剂可通过旋涂(spin-on coating)、丝网印刷(screen printing)、狭缝涂布(slit coating)、浸渍(dipping)、喷墨印刷、浇铸(casting)或喷涂(spray coating)涂覆到第一有机层上。
第一有机层的形成可进一步包含固化涂覆到衬底上的第一组合物。
在涂覆第一组合物之后的固化和在涂覆第二组合物之后的固化可独立地包含施加选自热、紫外线(ultraviolet,UV)、微波、声波、超声波或其组合的能量。
在涂覆第二组合物之后的固化可在比涂覆第一组合物之后的固化高的温度下进行。
在涂覆第二组合物之后的固化可包含在约20℃到约400℃下的第一固化和在约30℃到约500℃范围下的第二固化,并且第二固化温度可高于第一固化温度。
第一组合物的第一有机化合物的碳含量可以是约60原子百分比(atom%)到约96原子百分比以及第二组合物的第二有机化合物的碳含量可以是约60原子百分比到约96原子百分比。
第一组合物的第一有机化合物和第二组合物的第二有机化合物可独立地包含至少一种被取代或未被取代的芳族环基、被取代或未被取代的脂环基、被取代或未被取代的杂芳族环基、被取代或未被取代的杂脂环基或其组合。
第一组合物的第一有机化合物和第二组合物的第二有机化合物可独立地包含有机聚合物、有机单体或其组合。
有机聚合物的重量平均分子量可以是约500到约200,000。
有机单体的分子量可以是约50到约5,000。
第一组合物或第二组合物可包含添加剂。
第一组合物可包含以100重量份第一组合物计约0.001重量份到40重量份的添加剂,以及第二组合物可包含以100重量份第二组合物计约0.001重量份到40重量份的添加剂。
添加剂可包含表面活性剂、塑化剂、交联剂、热酸产生剂(thermal acidgenerator,TAG)、光酸产生剂(photoacid generator,PAG)或其组合。
交联剂可包含甲氧基甲基化甘脲(methoxymethylated glycoluril)、丁氧基甲基化甘脲(butoxymethylated glycoluril)、甲氧基甲基化三聚氰胺(methoxymethylatedmelamine)、丁氧基甲基化三聚氰胺(butoxymethylated melamine)、甲氧基甲基化苯并胍胺(methoxymethylated benzoguanamine)、丁氧基甲基化苯并胍胺(butoxymethylatedbenzoguanamine)、甲氧基甲基化脲(methoxymethylated urea)、丁氧基甲基化脲(butoxymethylated urea)、甲氧基甲基化硫脲(methoxymethylated thiourea)、甲氧基甲基化硫脲(methoxymethylated thiourea)、甲氧基甲基化苯(methoxymethylatedbenzene)、丁氧基甲基化苯(butoxymethylatedbenzene)、甲氧基甲基化苯酚(methoxymethylated phenol)、丁氧基甲基化苯酚(butoxymethylated phenol)或其组合。
第一组合物可进一步包含第一溶剂,第二组合物可进一步包含第二溶剂,并且第一溶剂和第二溶剂可各自独立地包含丙二醇、丙二醇二乙酸酯(propylene glycoldiacetate)、甲氧基丙二醇(methoxy propanediol)、二乙二醇、二乙二醇丁醚(diethyleneglycol butylether)、三(乙二醇)单甲醚(tri(ethylene glycol)monomethylether)、丙二醇单甲醚(propylene glycol monomethylether)、丙二醇单甲醚乙酸酯(propyleneglycol monomethylether acetate)、环己酮、乳酸乙酯、γ-丁内酯(gamma-butyrolactone)、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(N,N-dimethyl formamide)、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(N,N-dimethyl acetamide)、甲基吡咯烷酮(methylpyrrolidone)、甲基吡咯烷酮(methylpyrrolidinone)、乙酰丙酮、3-乙氧基丙酸乙酯(ethyl 3-ethoxypropionate)或其组合。
第一有机层和第二有机层可以是硬掩模层。
第一组合物和第二组合物可各自以约到约10μm的厚度涂覆。
第一组合物和第二组合物可通过旋涂、丝网印刷、狭缝涂布、浸渍、喷墨印刷、浇铸或喷涂方法涂覆。
衬底的一个表面可包含具有多个图案的第一部分和不具有图案的第二部分,并且第二有机层的级距总和可相对小于第一有机层的级距总和。
根据一个实施例,提供通过所述制造方法获得的层结构。
根据又一实施例,一种形成图案的方法包含提供通过所述制造方法获得的层结构;在层结构上形成含硅薄层;在含硅薄层上形成光刻胶层;曝光并且显影光刻胶层以形成光刻胶图案;以及使用光刻胶图案选择性地去除层结构中的含硅薄层以及第一有机层、第二有机层或其组合。
所述方法可进一步包含在形成第一有机层之前在衬底上形成材料层。
选择性地去除层结构中的含硅薄层以及第一有机层、第二有机层或其组合的过程可进一步包含蚀刻暴露的材料层部分。
所述方法可进一步包含在形成光刻胶层之前形成底部抗反射涂层(bottomantireflective coating,BARC)。
含硅薄层可包含硅碳氮(SiCN)、碳氧化硅(SiOC)、氮氧化硅(SiON)、氮碳氧化硅(SiOCN)、碳化硅(SiC)、氮化硅(SiN)或其组合。
根据又一实施例,提供一种根据形成图案的方法制造的半导体装置。
所述层结构具有卓越级距特征而无需回蚀刻或如CMP的单独平坦化制程并且因此合乎需要用于实现半导体精细图案。
附图说明
图1是用于解释根据一个实施例的一种制造层结构的方法的流程图。
图2是示例性地示出第一有机层的级距的截面视图。
图3到图5是示例性地示出图2第一有机层的一部分被去除的状态的截面视图。
图6是示出第二有机层的级距的截面视图。
图7到图9是说明根据一个实施例的一种形成图案的方法的截面视图。
图10是说明用于评估级距特征的计算方程式1的参考视图。
具体实施方式
下文中将详细地描述本发明的示例性实施例并且其可由具有相关技术中常识的人员容易地进行。然而,本发明可以多种不同形式实施并且不应解释为限于本文中所阐述的示例性实施例。
在附图中,为清楚起见放大层、膜、面板、区域等的厚度。在说明书通篇中相同的图式元件符号表示相同的元件。应理解,当如层、膜、区域或衬底的元件被称作在另一元件“上”时,其可直接在另一元件上或中间元件也可存在。相反,当元件被称作“直接在”另一元件上时,不存在中间元件。
如本文所用,除非特别提及,否则单数形式包含复数形式。另外,在本说明书中的“包括(comprises)”和/或“包括(comprising)”术语描述特征、整数、步骤、操作、组成元件和/或组件的存在但并不排除一个以上的形状、整数、步骤、操作组成元件以及组件和/或其组合。
如本文所用,当未另外提供定义时,术语‘取代’可指一个被选自以下的取代基而不是化合物的氢原子取代:卤素(F、Br、C1或I)、羟基、烷氧基、硝基、氰基、氨基、叠氮基、甲脒基(amidino group)、肼基、亚肼基、羰基、氨甲酰基(carbamyl group)、硫醇基、酯基、羧基或其盐、磺酸基或其盐、磷酸或其盐、C1到C20烷基、C2到C20烯基、C2到C20炔基、C6到C30芳基、C7到C30芳烷基、C1到C30烷氧基、C1到C20杂烷基、C2到C20杂芳基、C3到C20杂芳烷基、C3到C30环烷基、C3到C15环烯基、C6到C15环炔基、C2到C30杂环烷基以及其组合。
如本文所用,当未另外提供定义时,术语‘杂’是指包含选自B、N、O、S以及P的1到3个杂原子的。
在下文中,参考图1描述根据一个实施例的一种制造层结构的方法。
图1是用于解释根据一个实施例的一种制造层结构的方法的流程图。
参考图1,制造层结构的方法包含通过将包含有机化合物的第一组合物涂覆到具有多个图案的衬底上形成第一有机层(S1);将溶剂涂覆到第一有机层上以去除第一有机层的一部分(S2);以及将包含有机化合物的第二组合物涂覆到其中的一部分被去除的第一有机层上并且经由固化过程形成第二有机层(S3)。
在形成第一有机层的步骤(S1)中,衬底可包含例如硅晶片、玻璃衬底或聚合物衬底。衬底可通过将氧化硅、氮化硅、硅化钛(TiSi)、硅化物、多晶硅钨、铜、铝、氮化钛(TiN)、氮化钽(TaN)或其组合层压到玻璃衬底或聚合物衬底上来获得。
衬底可在一侧上具有多个图案,并且在本文中,图案可具有三角形、四边形、圆形等形状而无特定限制。图案在尺寸方面不具有特定限制,但平均(宽度)尺寸例如在几纳米到几百纳米范围内且平均(长度、深度)尺寸例如在几纳米到几百纳米范围内。在本说明书中,‘图案的间隙’或‘图案的间隙内’表示彼此相邻的第一图案和第二图案之间形成的空的空间,并且图案间隙的极性的平均(宽度)尺寸可例如在几纳米到几百纳米范围内且平均(长度、深度)尺寸例如在例如几纳米到几十微米范围内。
形成第一有机层的步骤(S1)可进一步包含固化涂覆到衬底上的第一组合物。第一组合物的固化可进一步包含施加能量到第一组合物。能量可包含能够固化第一组合物的所有可能手段,如热能、紫外线(UV)、微波、声波、超声波等。第一组合物可经由固化更加填充图案间的多个间隙。
举例来说,第一组合物的固化可例如在约20℃到约400℃下进行。
在下文中,说明包含在第一组合物中的有机化合物。
有机化合物可包含以总重量计约60原子百分比到约96原子百分比的碳。有机化合物可包含有机聚合物或有机单体以及有机聚合物和有机单体的混合形式。
有机聚合物的重量平均分子量的范围例如可为约500到约200,000或约1,000到约100,000,且有机单体的分子量的范围例如可为约250到约5,000或约500到约3,000,但本发明不限于此。
举例来说,有机化合物可包含至少一种被取代或未被取代的芳族环基、被取代或未被取代的脂环基、被取代或未被取代的杂芳族环基、被取代或未被取代的杂脂环基或其组合。在这种情况下,第一有机层的溶剂的耐蚀刻性和可溶性可进一步得到改善。
举例来说,有机化合物可包含衍生自选自以下群组1的被取代或未被取代的环基的单价或二价有机基团。
[群组1]
在群组1中,
Z1是单键、被取代或未被取代的C1到C20亚烷基、被取代或未被取代的C3到C20亚环烷基、被取代或未被取代的C6到C20亚芳基、被取代或未被取代的C2到C20亚杂芳基、被取代或未被取代的C2到C20亚烯基、被取代或未被取代的C2到C20亚炔基、C=O、NRa、氧(O)、硫(S)或其组合,其中Ra是氢、被取代或未被取代的C1到C10烷基、被取代或未被取代的C6到C20亚芳基、被取代或未被取代的C2到C20亚杂芳基、卤素原子或其组合以及
Z3到Z18独立地是C=O、NRa、氧(O)、硫(S)、CRbRc或其组合,其中Ra到Rc各自独立地是氢、被取代或未被取代的C1到C10烷基、被取代或未被取代的C6到C20亚芳基、被取代或未被取代的C2到C20亚杂芳基、卤素原子、含卤素的基团或其组合。
在本文中,‘衍生自化合物A的单价基团’表示被化合物A中的一个氢取代的单价基团。举例来说,衍生自苯基的单价基团变成苯基。另外,‘衍生自化合物A的二价基团’表示被化合物A中的两个氢取代并且具有两个接触点的二价基团。举例来说,衍生自苯基的二价基团变成亚苯基。
当有机化合物选择官能团的种类和数目时,可控制第一组合物的特性,并且官能团可选自羟基、卤素原子、含卤素的基团、亚硫酰基、硫醇基、氰基、被取代或未被取代的氨基、被取代或未被取代的C1到C30烷基、被取代或未被取代的C3到C30环烷基、被取代或未被取代的C6到C30芳基、被取代或未被取代的C3到C30环烯基、被取代或未被取代的C1到C20烷基胺基、被取代或未被取代的C7到C20芳烷基、被取代或未被取代的C1到C20杂烷基、被取代或未被取代的C2到C30杂环烷基、被取代或未被取代的C2到C30杂芳基、被取代或未被取代的C1到C30烷氧基、被取代或未被取代的C2到C30烯基、被取代或未被取代的C2到C30炔基、被取代或未被取代的C1到C20醛基、被取代或未被取代的C1到C4烷基醚、被取代或未被取代的C7到C20亚芳烷基醚、被取代或未被取代的C1到C30卤烷基、被取代或未被取代的C1到C20烷基硼烷基(alkylborane group)以及被取代或未被取代的C6到C30芳基硼烷基(arylborane group),但不限于此。
第一组合物可进一步包含溶剂,溶剂可以是对有机化合物具有充分溶解或分散而无特定限制的任何溶剂,且可以是例如选自以下的至少一个:丙二醇、丙二醇二乙酸酯、甲氧基丙二醇、二乙二醇、二乙二醇丁醚、三(乙二醇)单甲醚、丙二醇单甲醚、丙二醇单甲醚乙酸酯、环己酮、乳酸乙酯、γ-丁内酯、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、甲基吡咯烷酮、甲基吡咯烷酮、乙酰丙酮以及3-乙氧基丙酸乙酯。
可以第一组合物的总量计约0.1wt%到60wt%的量包含有机化合物。当所述化合物包含在以上范围内时,可控制第一有机层的厚度、表面粗糙度以及平坦化。
第一组合物可进一步包含例如添加剂,如表面活性剂、塑化剂、交联剂、热酸产生剂(TAG)、光酸产生剂(PAG)。
表面活性剂可包含例如烷基苯磺酸盐(alkylbenzene sulfonate salt)、烷基吡啶盐(alkyl pyridinium salt)、聚乙二醇(polyethylene glycol)或季铵盐(quaternaryammonium salt),但不限于此。
塑化剂可包含例如邻苯二甲酸二辛酯(dioctyl phthalate,DOP)、己二酸二辛酯(dioctyl adipate,DOA)、磷酸三甲苯酯(tricresyl phosphate,TCP)、邻苯二甲酸二异辛酯(diisooctyl phthalate,DIOP)、二庚基邻苯二甲酸壬酯(diheptyl nonyl phthalate,DL79P)、邻苯二甲酸二异壬酯(diisononyl phthalate,DINP)、邻苯二甲酸双十一酯(diundecyl phthalate,DUP)、邻苯二甲酸丁基苄基酯(butyl benzyl phthalate,BBP)、己二酸二-2-乙基己酯(di-2-ethyl hexyl adipate,DOA)、己二酸二异癸酯(diisodecyladipate,DIDA)、癸二酸二-2-乙基己酯(di-2-ethylhexyl Sebacate,DOZ)、壬二酸二异辛酯(diisooctyl Azelate,DIOZ)、癸二酸二辛酯(dioctyl sebacate,DOS)、磷酸三-2-乙基己酯(tri-2-ethylhexyl phosphate,TOP)、磷酸三苯酯(triphenyl phosphate,TTP)、磷酸甲苯基二苯酯(cresyl dephenyl phosphate,CDP)、磷酸三甲苯酯(tricresyl phosphate,TCP)、磷酸三(二甲苯酯)(Trixylyl phosphate,TXP)、偏苯三酸三-2-乙基己酯(tri-2-ethylhexyl trimellitate,TOTM)、聚乙二醇酯、烷基磺酸苯基酯(alkylsulphonic acidphenyl ester,ASE)、三乙二醇二己酸酯(triethylene glycol dihexanoate,3G6)、四乙二醇二庚酸酯(tetraethylene glycol diheptanoate,4g7)、乙酰基柠檬酸三乙酯(acetyltriethyl citrate,ATEC)、柠檬酸三丁酯(tributyl citrate,TBC)、柠檬酸三辛酯(trioctyl citrate,TOC)、乙酰基柠檬酸三辛酯(acetyl trioctyl citrate,ATOC)、乙酰基柠檬酸三己酯(acetyl trihexyl citrate,ATHC)、柠檬酸三甲酯(trimethyl citrate,TMC)、己二酸二甲酯(dimethyl adipate,DMAD)、己二酸单甲酯(monomethyl adipate,MMAD)、顺丁烯二酸二丁酯(dibutyl maleate,DBM)、顺丁烯二酸二异丁酯(diisobutylmaleate,DIBM)、双(2,2-二硝基丙基)甲缩醛(bis(2,2-dinitropropyl)formal,BDNPF)、2,2,2-三硝基乙基2-硝氧基乙基醚(2,2,2-trinitroethyl 2-nitroxyethyl ether,TNEN)、聚乙二醇、聚丙烯或其组合,但不限于此。
交联剂可包含例如三聚氰胺类、被取代的脲类或其聚合物。优选地,具有至少两个交联可形成的取代基的交联剂可包含例如甲氧基甲基化甘脲、丁氧基甲基化甘脲、甲氧基甲基化三聚氰胺、丁氧基甲基化三聚氰胺、甲氧基甲基化苯并胍胺、丁氧基甲基化苯并胍胺、甲氧基甲基化脲、丁氧基甲基化脲、甲氧基甲基化硫脲、甲氧基甲基化硫脲、甲氧基甲基化苯、丁氧基甲基化苯、甲氧基甲基化苯酚、丁氧基甲基化苯酚或其组合,但不限于此。
热酸产生剂可包含例如有机磺酸烷基酯化合物(organic sulfonic acidalkylester compound),如二苯乙醇酮甲苯磺酸酯(benzointosylate)和甲苯磺酸2-硝基苄酯(2-nitro benzyl tosylate)等;鎓(onium)化合物,如二苯基碘鎓三氟甲烷磺酸盐(diphenyliodonium trifluoromethane sulfonate)、二苯基碘鎓十二烷基苯磺酸盐(diphenyliodonium dodecyl benzenesulfonate)、双(4-叔丁基苯基)碘鎓樟脑磺酸盐(bis(4-tert-butyl phenyl)iodonium camphorsulfonate)、双(4-叔丁基苯基)碘鎓九氟正丁烷磺酸盐(bis(4-tert-butyl phenyl)iodonium nonafluoro n-butane sulfonate)、双(4-叔丁基苯基)碘鎓三氟甲烷磺酸盐(bis(4-tert-butyl phenyl)iodoniumtrifluoromethane sulfonate)以及三苯基锍三氟甲烷磺酸盐(triphenylsulfoniumtrifluoromethane sulfonate)等。另外,其可以是2,4,4,6-四溴环己二烯酮(2,4,4,6-tetrabromo cyclohexadienone)、苯基-双(三氯甲基)-s-三嗪(phenyl-bis(trichloromethyl)-s-triazine)以及N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺三氟甲烷磺酸盐(N-hydroxysuccinimidetrifluoromethane sulfonate)、对甲苯磺酸吡啶盐(Pyridinium p-toluenesulfonate)或其组合,但不限于此。
光酸产生剂可包含例如三苯基锍三氟甲磺酸盐(triphenylsulfoniumtriflate)、三苯基锍锑酸盐(triphenylsulfonium antimonate)、二苯基碘鎓三氟甲磺酸盐(diphenyliodonium triflate)、二苯基碘鎓锑酸盐(diphenyliodonium antimonate)、甲氧基二苯基碘鎓三氟甲磺酸盐(methoxydiphenyliodonium triflate)、二叔丁基二苯基碘鎓三氟甲磺酸盐(di-t-butyldiphenyliodonium triflate)、2,6-二硝基苄基磺酸盐(2,6-dinitrobenzyl sulfonate)、连苯三酚三(烷基磺酸盐)(pyrogallol tris(alkylsulfonates))、N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺三氟甲磺酸盐(N-hydroxysuccinimidetriflate)、降冰片烯-二甲酰亚胺-三氟甲磺酸盐(norbornene-diearboximide-triflate)、三苯基锍九氟丁磺酸盐(triphenylsulfonium nonaflate)、二苯基碘鎓九氟丁磺酸盐(diphenyliodonium nonaflate)、甲氧基二苯基碘鎓九氟丁磺酸盐(methoxydiphenyliodonium nonaflate)、二叔丁基二苯基碘鎓九氟丁磺酸盐(di-t-butyldiphenyliodonium nonaflate)、N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺九氟丁磺酸盐(N-hydroxysuccinimide nonaflate)、降冰片烯-二甲酰亚胺-九氟丁磺酸盐(norbomene-dicarboximide-nonaflate)、三苯基锍全氟丁烷磺酸盐(triphenylsulfoniumperfluorobutanesulfonate)、三苯基锍全氟辛烷磺酸盐(triphenylsulfoniumperfluorooctanesulfonate,PFOS)、二苯基碘鎓(PFOS)、甲氧基二苯基碘鎓(PFOS)、二叔丁基二苯基碘鎓三氟甲磺酸盐、N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺(PFOS)、降冰片烯-二甲酰亚胺(PFOS)或其组合,但不限于此。
添加剂可包含在能够改善间隙填充和蚀刻性能以及溶解性而不改变第一组合物的光学特性的量范围内,例如呈以100重量份的第一组合物计约0.001重量份到约40重量份的量。
可以一种丝网印刷、狭缝涂布、浸渍、喷墨、浇铸和喷涂以及旋涂的方法涂布第一组合物以具有约到约10μm的厚度,并且本发明不限于此。
接着,说明去除第一有机层的一部分的步骤(S2)。
将第一有机层的一部分溶解于溶剂中并且去除,并且因此平坦化。
溶剂可包含能够溶解第一有机层中包含的有机化合物而无特定限制的任何溶剂。举例来说,溶剂可以是有机溶剂。
举例来说,溶剂可包含γ-丁内酯、δ-戊内酯、乳酸乙酯、乙基-3-乙氧基丙酸酯、丙二醇单甲醚乙酸酯、β-羟基β-甲基丁酸酯或其组合。
举例来说,溶剂可包含以下所列的溶剂:
醇类溶剂,如甲醇、乙醇、1-丙醇、2-丙醇、2-丁醇、乙二醇、丙二醇、甘油、1,6-己二醇、环己二醇、山梨糖醇、木糖醇、2-甲基-2,4-戊二醇、1,3-丁二醇以及1,4-丁二醇等;
醚类溶剂,如乙二醇单甲醚、二乙二醇、二丙二醇、丙二醇单甲醚、二乙二醇单甲醚、三乙二醇、聚(乙二醇)、丙二醇单甲醚、二丙二醇单甲醚、三丙二醇单甲醚、二乙二醇单丁醚以及二乙二醇单丁醚等;
酯类溶剂,如丙二醇单甲醚乙酸酯、乙基乙氧基丙酸酯、丙二醇单甲醚丙酸酯、乙二醇二乙酸酯、乳酸乙酯、乳酸丁酯、2-羟基异丁酸甲酯、乙酸正丁酯等;
酰胺类溶剂,如甲酰胺、单甲基甲酰胺、二甲基甲酰胺、乙酰胺、单甲基乙酰胺、二甲基乙酰胺、单乙基乙酰胺、二乙基乙酰胺以及N-甲基吡咯烷酮;
烷氧基丙酸烷基酯类溶剂(alkoxy alkyl propionate based solvent),如甲氧基丙酸甲酯、甲氧基丙酸乙酯、甲氧基丙酸丙酯、甲氧基丙酸丁酯、乙氧基丙酸甲酯、乙氧基丙酸乙酯、乙氧基丙酸丙酯以及乙氧基丙酸丁酯;
含硫溶剂,如二甲砜、二甲亚砜以及环丁砜;以及
酮溶剂,如丙酮、乙酰丙酮、甲基乙基酮、甲基异丁基酮。
然而,以上溶剂是示例性的,但溶剂不限于此。
举例来说,溶剂可以在约0.1cc到约100cc范围内的量使用和以一种旋涂、丝网印刷、狭缝涂布、浸渍、喷墨、浇铸或喷涂的方法分配到第一有机层上,并且在考虑到一定程度上去除第一有机层的情况下,这一过程可重复约1次到约10次。分配的速度和频率可由本领域一般技术人员在考虑第一组合物的特性、衬底材料、图案尺寸等的情况下进行适当选择。
在去除第一有机层的一部分的步骤(S2)之后,第一有机层可保持在图案的间隙内。在去除第一有机层的一部分的步骤(S2)之后剩余的第一有机层可形成于图案间隙内的一部分或全部上。
接着,说明在将包含有机化合物的第二组合物涂覆到其中一部分被去除的第一有机层上之后经由固化过程形成第二有机层的步骤(S3)。
将第二组合物涂覆到在去除第一有机层的一部分之后剩余的第一有机层上。
第二组合物中包含的有机化合物可与第一组合物中包含的有机化合物相同包含约60原子百分比到约96原子百分比的碳,并且有机化合物可包含例如有机聚合物、有机单体或有机聚合物和有机单体的混合形式。
第二组合物中包含的有机化合物具有与第一组合物的有机化合物相同的结构、量等并且将不再重复说明。第一组合物中包含的有机化合物可与第二组合物中包含的有机化合物相同或不同。
第二组合物可进一步包含溶剂,并且溶剂可包含对有机化合物具有充分溶解或分散而无特定限制的任何溶剂并且包含第一组合物中所用的溶剂。
可以第二组合物的全部量计约0.1wt%到约60wt%的量包含有机化合物。当有机化合物包含在所述范围内时,可控制第二有机层的厚度、表面粗糙度以及平坦化程度。
第二组合物可进一步包含添加剂,如表面活性剂、塑化剂、交联剂、热酸产生剂(TAG)、光酸产生剂(PAG),并且添加剂的种类和量与第一组合物中的相同。
第二组合物可以旋涂法涂覆并且其厚度范围为约到约10μm,但本发明不限于此。
可在涂布之后固化前述第二组合物以形成第二有机层。
第二组合物的固化可包含施加能量到第二组合物的层结构,并且所述能量可包含固化第二组合物的任何方式,如光能、热能等。经由固化形成的第二有机层可以是硬掩模组合物碳化层或牺牲层,用于此过程之后的图案形成。举例来说,在涂覆第二组合物之后的固化可在比在涂覆第一组合物之后的固化高的温度下进行。在涂覆第二组合物之后的固化可包含在约20℃到约400℃的温度范围下进行的第一固化和在约30℃到约500℃的温度范围下进行的第二固化,并且第二固化可在比第一固化的温度高的温度下进行。
图2是示例性地示出前述形成第一有机层的步骤的截面视图。参考图2,第一组合物填充于图案间隙内,但凹凸保留在第一有机层的表面的一部分上。
图3到图5是示出图2中的第一有机层的一部分被去除的状态的截面视图。在第一有机层的一部分被去除的状态下的层结构表面展示如图3中所示第一有机层保留在具有多个图案的图案区域和不具有图案的非图案区域的顶部上(h0’>0,h1’>0,h2’>0,h3’>0,且h4’>0),如图4中所示第一有机层填充图案间隙(h12>h11≥0)的一部分,或如图5中所示第一有机层填充整个图案间隙但不保留在非图案区域上。
以前述方法形成的层结构在表面上可具有最小化级距。
图6是示出根据示例性实施例其中的一部分被去除的第一有机层上的第二有机层的级距的截面视图。
参考图2和图6,在第二有机层状态下的层结构表面上的级距总和,即|h0″-h1″|+|h0″-h2″|+|h0″-h3″|+|h0″-h4″|,可能小于在其中的一部分未被去除、即未进行平坦化处理的第一有机层状态下的层结构表面上的级距总和,即|h0-h1|+|h0-h2|+|h0-h3|+|h0-h4|。换句话说,在通过使用溶剂的平坦化过程之后最终层结构的平坦化特征得到改善。
根据另一实施例,提供由前述方法制造的层结构。
在层结构中,第一有机层和第二有机层可以是硬掩模层。硬掩模层具有卓越平坦化特征并且因此可最小化在此过程之后的图案形成过程中的图案的CD误差并且提高图案的CD均匀性。
在下文中,参考图7到图9说明根据另一实施例的一种形成图案的方法。
图7到图9是用于说明根据一个实施例的形成图案的方法的截面视图。
形成图案的方法包含提供层结构;在层结构的第二有机层上形成含硅薄层;在含硅薄层上形成光刻胶层;曝光并且显影光刻胶层以形成光刻胶图案;以及使用光刻胶图案选择性地去除层结构中的含硅薄层以及第一有机层、第二有机层或其组合。
参考图7,有机层120可以是前述第一有机层和/或第二有机层以及形成于衬底110上并且可填充图案间隙G。在层结构100上,含硅薄层130和光刻胶层150依序形成,并且可在形成光刻胶层150之前进一步形成底部抗反射涂层(BARC)140。另外,可在形成第一有机层之前进一步在衬底上形成材料层(未示出)。材料层可由最终图案化材料形成并且可以是例如金属层(如铝、铜等)、半导体层(如硅)或绝缘层(如氧化硅、氮化硅等)。材料层可例如以化学气相沉积(chemical vapor deposition,CVD)方法形成。
举例来说,含硅薄层130可包含硅碳氮、碳氧化硅、氮氧化硅、氮碳氧化硅、碳化硅、氮化硅或其组合。
参考图8,可曝光并且显影光刻胶层,形成光刻胶图案。光刻胶层的曝光可例如通过使用ArF、KrF、EUV等进行,但本发明不限于此。另外,在曝光之后,可在约100℃到约500℃下进行热处理。
参考图9,可选择性地去除层结构中的含硅薄层130和有机层120。在形成有机层120之前,可形成材料层(未示出),并且可对通过选择性地去除层结构中的含硅薄层130和有机层120而暴露的材料层的一部分进行蚀刻。
可以多个图案形成被蚀刻的材料层,并且所述多个图案可以是金属图案、半导体图案、绝缘图案等,例如半导体集成电路装置的不同图案。
在下文中,参考实例更详细地说明本发明。然而,这些实例是示例性的,并且本发明不限于此。
合成实例
合成实例1
将70g(0.2mol)的4,4'-(9H-芴-9,9-二基)二苯酚、33.2g(0.2mol)的1,4-双(甲氧基甲基)苯、70g的丙二醇单甲醚乙酸酯(propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate,PGMEA)以及1.23g(8mmol)的硫酸二乙酯放入烧瓶中并且在保持在110℃下时进行聚合,并且当经每一小时取自聚合反应物的样本的重量平均分子量是2,500到3,000时,反应结束。当聚合反应完成时,将反应物缓慢冷却到室温并且添加到30g蒸馏水和300g甲醇中,并且强有力地搅拌混合物并且使其静置。接着,将从其去除上清液获得的沉淀物溶解于60g丙二醇单甲醚乙酸酯(PGMEA)中,并且随后通过使用250g甲醇强有力地搅拌溶液并且使其静置(第一过程)。在本文中,将在再次从其去除上清液之后获得的沉淀物溶解于60g丙二醇单甲醚乙酸酯(PGMEA)中(第二过程)。第一过程和第二过程被视为一个纯化过程,并且这一纯化过程总计进行三次。将纯化的聚合物溶解于60g丙二醇单甲醚乙酸酯(PGMEA)中,并且接着通过在减压下去除溶液中剩余的甲醇和蒸馏水获得由化学式1a表示的聚合物(Mw:3000)。
[化学式1a]
合成实例2
根据与合成实例1相同的方法在120℃下获得由以下化学式2a表示的聚合物(Mw:3000),不同之处在于使用20.2g(0.1mol)的芘、33.2g(0.2mol)的1,4-双(甲氧基甲基)苯、14.4g(0.1mol)的2-萘酚、0.6g(4mmol)的硫酸二乙酯以及70g的丙二醇单甲醚乙酸酯(PGMEA)。
[化学式2a]
合成实例3
根据与合成实例1相同的方法在120℃下获得由以下化学式3a表示的聚合物(Mw:3000),不同之处在于使用16.7g(0.1mol)的咔唑、25.8g(0.1mol)的4,4'-氧基双((甲氧基甲基)苯)、0.77g(0.05mol)的亚硫酸二乙酯以及43g的丙二醇单甲醚乙酸酯(PGMEA)。
[化学式3a]
合成实例4
根据与合成实例1相同的方法在120℃下获得由以下化学式4a表示的聚合物(Mw:3000),不同之处在于使用16.7g(0.1mol)的咔唑、18g(0.1mol)的9-芴酮、19g(0.1mol)的对甲苯磺酸单水合物以及46g的丙二醇单甲醚乙酸酯(PGMEA)。
[化学式4a]
薄膜的制造
实例1
硬掩模组合物溶液是通过将100重量份由以上化学式1a表示的化合物、40重量份由以下化学式A表示的单体(在下文中称为单体1)以及1重量份的对甲苯磺酸单水合物以100wt%全部组合物计10wt%的总量溶解于溶剂(PGMEA/EL=1:1)中来制备。将溶液旋涂到硅晶片上并且接着在120℃下软烘烤2分钟,形成薄膜。在这一薄膜上,在旋涂状态下注入2cc混合溶剂(5wt%的γ-丁内酯、20wt%的乳酸乙酯以及75wt%的乙基-3-乙氧基丙酸酯)并且去除薄膜的一部分。接着,将硬掩模组合物二次涂布到其上并且在400℃下硬烘烤2分钟变成裸晶片上的厚(厚度测量:KMAC公司(ST5000),在下文中,与实例和比较实例中的相同)。
[化学式A]
实例2
硬掩模组合物溶液是通过将100重量份由以上化学式1a表示的化合物和40重量份的单体1以100wt%全部组合物计10wt%的总量溶解于溶剂(PGMEA/EL=1:1)中来制备。将所获得的溶液旋涂到硅晶片上并且接着在150℃下软烘烤2分钟,形成薄膜。在这一薄膜上,在旋涂状态下注入2cc混合溶剂(5wt%的γ-丁内酯、20wt%的乳酸乙酯以及75wt%的乙基-3-乙氧基丙酸酯)并且去除薄膜的一部分。接着,二次涂布硬掩模组合物并且在400℃下硬烘烤2分钟变成裸晶片上的厚。
实例3
硬掩模组合物溶液是通过将100重量份由以上化学式1a表示的化合物、30重量份由以下化学式B表示的单体(在下文中称为单体2)以及1重量份的对甲苯磺酸单水合物以100wt%全部组合物计10wt%的总量溶解于溶剂(PGMEA/EL=1:1)中来制备。将溶液旋涂到图案晶片上并且接着在120℃下软烘烤1分钟,形成薄膜。在这一薄膜上,在旋涂状态下注入2cc混合溶剂(5wt%的γ-丁内酯、20wt%的乳酸乙酯以及75wt%的乙基-3-乙氧基丙酸酯)并且去除薄膜的一部分。接着,将硬掩模组合物二次涂布到其上并且在400℃下硬烘烤2分钟变成裸晶片上的厚。
[化学式B]
实例4
硬掩模组合物溶液是通过将100重量份由以上化学式1a表示的化合物和20重量份的单体1以100wt%全部组合物计10wt%的总量溶解于溶剂(PGMEA/EL=1:1)中来制备。将溶液旋涂到硅晶片上并且接着在170℃下软烘烤2分钟,形成薄膜。在这一薄膜上,在旋涂状态下注入2cc混合溶剂(5wt%的γ-丁内酯、20wt%的乳酸乙酯以及75wt%的乙基-3-乙氧基丙酸酯)并且接着去除薄膜的一部分。接着,二次涂布硬掩模组合物并且接着在400℃下硬烘烤2分钟变成裸晶片上的厚。
实例5
硬掩模组合物溶液是通过将100重量份由以上化学式2a表示的化合物、40重量份的单体1以及1重量份的对甲苯磺酸单水合物以100wt%全部溶剂组合物计10wt%的总量溶解于溶剂(PGMEA/EL=1:1)中来制备。将溶液旋涂到硅晶片上并且在120℃下软烘烤2分钟,形成薄膜。在这一薄膜上,在旋涂状态下注入5cc混合溶剂(5wt%的γ-丁内酯、20wt%的乳酸乙酯以及75wt%的乙基-3-乙氧基丙酸酯)并且接着去除薄膜的一部分。接着,将硬掩模组合物二次涂布到其上并且接着在400℃下硬烘烤2分钟变成裸晶片上的厚。
实例6
硬掩模组合物溶液是通过将100重量份由以上化学式2a表示的化合物、30重量份的单体1以及1重量份的对甲苯磺酸单水合物以100wt%全部组合物计10wt%的总量溶解于溶剂(PGMEA/EL=1:1)中来制备。将溶液旋涂到硅晶片上并且接着在150℃下软烘烤2分钟,形成薄膜。在这一薄膜上,以旋涂形式注入2cc混合溶剂(5wt%的γ-丁内酯、20wt%的乳酸乙酯以及75wt%的乙基-3-乙氧基丙酸酯)并且接着去除薄膜的一部分。接着,二次涂布硬掩模组合物并且接着在400℃下硬烘烤2分钟变成裸晶片上的厚。
实例7
硬掩模组合物溶液是通过将100重量份由以上化学式3a表示的化合物、40重量份的单体1以及1重量份的对甲苯磺酸单水合物以100wt%全部组合物计10wt%的总量溶解于溶剂(PGMEA/EL=1:1)中来制备。将所制备的溶液旋涂到硅晶片上并且接着在140℃下软烘烤2分钟,形成薄膜。在这一薄膜上,以旋涂形式注入2cc混合溶剂(5wt%的γ-丁内酯、20wt%的乳酸乙酯以及75wt%的乙基-3-乙氧基丙酸酯)并且接着去除薄膜的一部分。接着,将硬掩模组合物二次涂布到裸晶片上并且在400℃下硬烘烤2分钟变成厚。
实例8
硬掩模组合物溶液是通过将100重量份由以上化学式4a表示的化合物、30重量份的单体1以及1重量份的对甲苯磺酸单水合物以100wt%全部组合物计10wt%的总量溶解于溶剂(PGMEA/EL=1∶1)中来制备。将所制备的溶液旋涂到硅晶片上并且在140℃下软烘烤2分钟,形成薄膜。在这一薄膜上,在旋涂状态下注入2cc混合溶剂(5wt%的γ-丁内酯、20wt%的乳酸乙酯以及75wt%的乙基-3-乙氧基丙酸酯)并且去除薄膜的一部分。接着,二次涂布硬掩模组合物并且在400℃下硬烘烤2分钟变成裸晶片上的厚。
比较实例1
硬掩模组合物溶液是通过将100重量份由以上化学式1a表示的化合物、40重量份的单体1以及1重量份的对甲苯磺酸单水合物以100wt%全部组合物计10wt%的总量溶解于溶剂(PGMEA/EL=1∶1)中来制备。将所制备的溶液旋涂到硅晶片上并且接着在400℃下硬烘烤2分钟变成裸晶片上的厚。
比较实例2
硬掩模组合物溶液是通过将100重量份由以上化学式1a表示的化合物、30重量份的单体2以及1重量份的对甲苯磺酸单水合物以100wt%全部组合物计10wt%的总量溶解于溶剂(PGMEA/EL=1∶1)中来制备。将所制备的溶液旋涂到硅晶片上并且在400℃下软烘烤2分钟变成裸晶片上的厚。
比较实例3
硬掩模组合物溶液是通过将100重量份由以上化学式2a表示的化合物、40重量份的单体1以及1重量份的对甲苯磺酸单水合物以100wt%全部组合物计10wt%的总量溶解于溶剂(PGMEA/EL=1∶1)中来制备。将所制备的溶液旋涂到硅晶片上并且在400℃下硬烘烤2分钟变成裸晶片上的厚。
比较实例4
硬掩模组合物溶液是通过将100重量份由以上化学式2a表示的化合物、30重量份的单体2以及1重量份的对甲苯磺酸单水合物以100wt%全部组合物计10wt%的总量溶解于溶剂(PGMEA/EL=1∶1)中来制备。将所制备的溶液旋涂到硅晶片上并且在400℃下硬烘烤2分钟变成裸晶片上的厚。
薄膜的平坦化特征
用级距和空隙评估最终薄膜的平坦化特征。
为了评估级距,实例1到实例8以及比较实例1到比较实例4的每个硬掩模薄膜是通过将每种硬掩模组合物涂布到图案化晶片上形成。图案化晶片的线宽是50nm并且L/S=1∶1,且图案化晶片具有1∶1的C/H和60nm孔的孔。随后,切割薄膜以获得其截面作为样品。随后,用Pt涂布样品,并且接着用FE-SEM(SU-8030,日立有限公司(Hitachi Ltd.))检查其级距。
图10是说明用于评估级距特征的计算方程式1的参考视图。参考图10,平坦化特征更卓越,因为不具有图案的周围区域和具有图案的单元区域具有较小膜厚度差。换句话说,由于|h0-h1|+|h0-h2|+|h0-h3|+|h0-h4|+...+|h0-hn|(n是图案的数目)较小,级距特征更卓越。
另一方面,关于图案晶片的截面的FE-SEM被用来检查样品是否具有或不具有空隙。
结果在表1中提供。
[表1]
级距 | 空隙 | 级距 | 空隙 | ||
实例1 | 145 | X | 比较实例1 | 450 | X |
实例2 | 87 | X | 比较实例2 | 480 | X |
实例3 | 99 | X | 比较实例3 | 380 | X |
实例4 | 150 | X | 比较实例4 | 380 | X |
实例5 | 122 | X | |||
实例6 | 95 | X | |||
实例7 | 67 | X | |||
实例8 | 98 | X |
参考表1,与分别由根据比较实例1到比较实例4的硬掩模组合物形成的每个薄膜相比,分别由根据实例1到实例8的硬掩模组合物形成的每个薄膜展示卓越平坦化特征。
尽管已结合目前视为实用的示例性实施例来描述本发明,但应理解,本发明不限于所揭露的实施例,而相反地,本发明意欲涵盖包含在所附权利要求书的精神和范畴内的各种修改和等效配置。
Claims (28)
1.一种制造层结构的方法,包括
通过将包含第一有机化合物的第一组合物涂覆到具有多个图案的衬底上以形成第一有机层;
利用溶剂去除所述第一有机层的一部分以平坦化所述第一有机层;以及
将包含第二有机化合物的第二组合物涂覆到其中的一部分被去除的所述第一有机层上并且经由固化过程形成第二有机层,
其中所述第一有机层以及所述第二有机层是硬掩模层,
其中所述第一组合物的所述第一有机化合物的碳含量是60原子百分比到96原子百分比以及所述第二组合物的所述第二有机化合物的碳含量是60原子百分比到96原子百分比,
其中所述第一组合物的所述第一有机化合物以及所述第二组合物的所述第二有机化合物独立地包括至少一种被取代或未被取代的芳族环基、被取代或未被取代的脂环基、被取代或未被取代的杂芳族环基、被取代或未被取代的杂脂环基或其组合。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制造层结构的方法,其中,其中的一部分被去除的所述第一有机层存在于所述图案的间隙内。
3.根据权利要求1所述的制造层结构的方法,其中所述溶剂对所述第一组合物的所述第一有机化合物具有溶解性。
4.根据权利要求1所述的制造层结构的方法,其中所述溶剂包括γ-丁内酯、δ-戊内酯、乳酸乙酯、乙基-3-乙氧基丙酸酯、丙二醇单甲醚乙酸酯、β-羟基β-甲基丁酸酯、甲醇、乙醇、1-丙醇、2-丙醇、2-丁醇、乙二醇、丙二醇、甘油、1,6-己二醇、环己二醇、山梨糖醇、木糖醇、2-甲基-2,4-戊二醇、1,3-丁二醇、1,4-丁二醇、乙二醇单甲醚、二乙二醇、二丙二醇、丙二醇单甲醚、二乙二醇单甲醚、三乙二醇、聚(乙二醇)、丙二醇单甲醚、二丙二醇单甲醚、三丙二醇单甲醚、二乙二醇单丁醚、丙二醇单甲醚乙酸酯、乙基乙氧基丙酸酯、丙二醇单甲醚丙酸酯、乙二醇二乙酸酯、乳酸乙酯、乳酸丁酯、2-羟基异丁酸甲酯、乙酸正丁酯、甲酰胺、单甲基甲酰胺、二甲基甲酰胺、乙酰胺、单甲基乙酰胺、二甲基乙酰胺、单乙基乙酰胺、二乙基乙酰胺、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、甲氧基丙酸甲酯、甲氧基丙酸乙酯、甲氧基丙酸丙酯、甲氧基丙酸丁酯、乙氧基丙酸甲酯、乙氧基丙酸乙酯、乙氧基丙酸丙酯、乙氧基丙酸丁酯、二甲砜、二甲亚砜、环丁砜、丙酮、乙酰丙酮、甲基乙基酮、甲基异丁基酮或其组合。
5.根据权利要求1所述的制造层结构的方法,其中以0.1cc到100cc的量涂覆所述溶剂。
6.根据权利要求1所述的制造层结构的方法,其中所述溶剂通过旋涂、丝网印刷、狭缝涂布、浸渍、喷墨印刷、浇铸或喷涂来涂覆。
7.根据权利要求1所述的制造层结构的方法,其中所述第一有机层的形成进一步包括固化涂覆到所述衬底上的所述第一组合物。
8.根据权利要求7所述的制造层结构的方法,其中在涂覆所述第一组合物之后的固化以及在涂覆所述第二组合物之后的固化独立地包括施加选自热、紫外线、微波、声波、超声波或其组合的能量。
9.根据权利要求7所述的制造层结构的方法,其中在涂覆所述第二组合物之后的固化在比涂覆所述第一组合物之后的固化高的温度下进行。
10.根据权利要求9所述的制造层结构的方法,其中在涂覆所述第二组合物之后的固化包括在20℃到400℃下的第一固化以及在30℃到500℃下的第二固化,并且所述第二固化的温度高于所述第一固化的温度。
11.根据权利要求1所述的制造层结构的方法,其中所述第一组合物的所述第一有机化合物以及所述第二组合物的所述第二有机化合物独立地包括有机聚合物、有机单体或其组合。
12.根据权利要求11所述的制造层结构的方法,其中所述有机聚合物的重量平均分子量是500到200,000。
13.根据权利要求11所述的制造层结构的方法,其中所述有机单体的分子量是50到5,000。
14.根据权利要求11所述的制造层结构的方法,其中所述第一组合物或所述第二组合物包括添加剂。
15.根据权利要求14所述的制造层结构的方法,其中所述第一组合物包括以100重量份所述第一组合物计0.001重量份到40重量份的所述添加剂,以及所述第二组合物包括以100重量份所述第二组合物计0.001重量份到40重量份的所述添加剂。
16.根据权利要求14所述的制造层结构的方法,其中所述添加剂包括表面活性剂、塑化剂、交联剂、热酸产生剂、光酸产生剂或其组合。
17.根据权利要求16所述的制造层结构的方法,其中所述交联剂包括甲氧基甲基化甘脲、丁氧基甲基化甘脲、甲氧基甲基化三聚氰胺、丁氧基甲基化三聚氰胺、甲氧基甲基化苯并胍胺、丁氧基甲基化苯并胍胺、甲氧基甲基化脲、丁氧基甲基化脲、甲氧基甲基化硫脲、甲氧基甲基化硫脲、甲氧基甲基化苯、丁氧基甲基化苯、甲氧基甲基化苯酚、丁氧基甲基化苯酚或其组合。
18.根据权利要求11所述的制造层结构的方法,其中所述第一组合物进一步包括第一溶剂,所述第二组合物进一步包括第二溶剂,并且所述第一溶剂以及所述第二溶剂各自独立地包括丙二醇、丙二醇二乙酸酯、甲氧基丙二醇、二乙二醇、二乙二醇丁醚、三(乙二醇)单甲醚、丙二醇单甲醚、丙二醇单甲醚乙酸酯、环己酮、乳酸乙酯、γ-丁内酯、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、甲基吡咯烷酮、甲基吡咯烷酮、乙酰丙酮、3-乙氧基丙酸乙酯或其组合。
19.根据权利要求1所述的制造层结构的方法,其中所述第一组合物以及所述第二组合物各自以到10μm的厚度独立地涂覆。
20.根据权利要求1所述的制造层结构的方法,其中所述第一组合物以及所述第二组合物通过旋涂、丝网印刷、狭缝涂布、浸渍、喷墨印刷、浇铸或喷涂来涂覆。
21.根据权利要求1所述的制造层结构的方法,其中所述衬底的一个表面包括具有多个图案的第一部分以及不具有图案的第二部分,并且所述第二有机层的级距总和相对小于所述第一有机层的级距总和。
22.一种层结构,通过如权利要求1到21中的任一项所述的制造层结构的方法获得。
23.一种形成图案的方法,包括
提供通过如权利要求1到21中的任一项所述的制造层结构的方法获得的所述层结构;
在所述层结构上形成含硅薄层;
在所述含硅薄层上形成光刻胶层,
曝光并且显影所述光刻胶层以形成光刻胶图案;以及
使用所述光刻胶图案选择性地去除所述层结构中的所述含硅薄层以及所述第一有机层、所述第二有机层或其组合。
24.根据权利要求23所述的形成图案的方法,其中所述形成图案的方法进一步包括在形成所述第一有机层之前在所述衬底上形成材料层。
25.根据权利要求24所述的形成图案的方法,其中选择性地去除所述层结构中的所述含硅薄层以及所述第一有机层、所述第二有机层或其组合的过程进一步包括蚀刻暴露的所述材料层部分。
26.根据权利要求23所述的形成图案的方法,其中所述形成图案的方法进一步包括在形成所述光刻胶层之前形成底部抗反射涂层。
27.根据权利要求23所述的形成图案的方法,其中所述含硅薄层包括硅碳氮、碳氧化硅、氮氧化硅、氮碳氧化硅、碳化硅、氮化硅或其组合。
28.一种半导体装置,其根据如权利要求23所述的形成图案的方法来制造。
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CN101355048A (zh) * | 2007-07-27 | 2009-01-28 | 中芯国际集成电路制造(上海)有限公司 | 金属互连方法和金属层图形化方法 |
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KR102021484B1 (ko) | 2019-09-16 |
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US10312074B2 (en) | 2019-06-04 |
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