CN105409541A - Sunlight-greenhouse efficient seed breeding method for cucumbers - Google Patents
Sunlight-greenhouse efficient seed breeding method for cucumbers Download PDFInfo
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- CN105409541A CN105409541A CN201510859492.4A CN201510859492A CN105409541A CN 105409541 A CN105409541 A CN 105409541A CN 201510859492 A CN201510859492 A CN 201510859492A CN 105409541 A CN105409541 A CN 105409541A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of cucumber seed breeding and particularly relates to a sunlight-greenhouse efficient seed breeding method for cucumbers. The method comprises the following steps: carrying out sunlight-greenhouse winter-spring cropping: starting to carry out germination hastening on cucumber seeds at the middle or last ten days of February every year, carrying out seedling raising, carrying out fix planting, carrying out pollination by selecting second female flowers from cucumber plants, harvesting parent cucumbers 25-30 days after pollination, and collecting seeds after the parent cucumbers are subjected to after-ripening; carrying out sunlight-greenhouse summer cropping: starting to carry out germination hastening on the collected seeds at the beginning of June, carrying out seedling raising, carrying out fix planting, spraying ethephon to young seedlings when each young seedling has three leaves and one heart, carrying out inbred pollination on first female flowers, harvesting parent cucumbers 23-25 days after pollination, and collecting seeds after the parent cucumbers are subjected to after-ripening; carrying out sunlight-greenhouse autumn-winter cropping: starting to carry out germination hastening on the collected seeds at the middle or last ten days of August, carrying out seedling raising, carrying out fix planting, carrying out inbred pollination on first female flowers, then, enabling parent cucumbers to ripen, harvesting the parent cucumbers, and cutting the cucumbers to collect seeds. According to the seed breeding method, seed selection of 3 generations, i.e., winter-spring cropping, summer cropping and autumn-winter cropping for ordinary sunlight greenhouses in one year is achieved, the efficiency of seed breeding can be further increased, the purifying speed of an inbred line is accelerated, and the cycle of seed breeding is shortened.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to breed cucumber field, in particular to a kind of cucumber in solar-greenhouse high-efficient breeding method.
Background technology
The seed selection of cucumber half-blood adopts pedigree method, and the selfing purifying about 6 generations of general needs could obtain stable inbred line, then through hybridization combo, variety trial, finally selects improved seeds.In breeding practice, in order to accelerate the seed selection process of cucumber variety, prior art be utilize greenhouse by solar heat add generation or strange land add generation (as Hainan in Winter adds generation), and northern China generally normal employing greenhouse by solar heat enforcement Winter-Spring stubble, the two generations seed selection in a year of autumn and winter stubble, collect seed during 40-60 days seed normal matures after planting melon pollination, general seed collecting carries out indoor species test before descending stubble to sow afterwards, and final final election is selected in elite plant strain and individual plant, then carries out strain comparative test.The major defect of above-mentioned technology is that seed selection inbred line needed at least 3 years, and breeding cycle is long; Carries out indoor species test according to Comprehensive Traits performance after collecting seed or before the sowing of lower stubble, seed collecting workload is large on the one hand, and two is that grain weight is less sometimes does not even have full seed for the fine individual plant of final final election, and time-consuming, seed selection efficiency is low.
In view of this, special proposition the present invention.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of cucumber in solar-greenhouse high-efficient breeding method, according to cucumber plant feature, biological property with grow the cycle, Greenhouse in North is adopted to carry out adding generation, according to seed growth law of development, form a complete and comprehensive system for collecting real estate fees collect seed ahead of time, plant that seed dormancy is broken in melon after-ripening, ethrel urgees the technology such as female and realizes common day-light greenhouse winter spring stubble, summer stubble, the 3 generations seed selection in a year of autumn and winter stubble, can further improve breeding efficiency, accelerate inbred line purifying speed, shorten breeding cycle.
In order to realize above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, spy by the following technical solutions:
A kind of cucumber in solar-greenhouse high-efficient breeding method, comprises the following steps:
(1), day-light greenhouse winter spring stubble: annual the middle ten days and the last ten days in February starts cucumber seeds and urges large bud, then carry out cave dish seeding and seedling raising, the cucumber seedling field planting obtained, each cucumber strain selects the second female flower to pollinate, to pollinate kind of a melon of gathering after 25-30 days, plant melon and collect seed after after-ripening;
(2), greenhouse by solar heat summer stubble: the seed of being gathered by day-light greenhouse winter spring stubble started to urge large bud at the beginning of 6 months, then cave dish seeding and seedling raising is carried out, to a leaf wholeheartedly cucumber seedling field planting obtained, seedling three leaf wholeheartedly time spray ethrel, pollination self is carried out to the first female flower, to pollinate kind of a melon of gathering after 23-25 days, plant melon and collect seed after after-ripening;
(3), greenhouse by solar heat autumn and winter stubble: the seed of being gathered by greenhouse by solar heat summer stubble started to urge large bud in mid or late August, then cave dish seeding and seedling raising is carried out, to a leaf wholeheartedly cucumber seedling field planting obtained, pollination self is carried out to the first female flower, ripe to planting melon after pollination, to gather kind of a melon, cut open melon and collect seed.
Cucumber in solar-greenhouse high-efficient breeding method provided by the invention, according to cucumber plant feature, biological property with grow the cycle, Greenhouse in North is adopted to carry out adding generation, according to seed growth law of development, form a complete and comprehensive system for collecting real estate fees collect seed ahead of time, plant that seed dormancy is broken in melon after-ripening, ethrel urgees the technology such as female and realizes common day-light greenhouse winter spring stubble, summer stubble, the 3 generations seed selection in a year of autumn and winter stubble, can further improve breeding efficiency, accelerate inbred line purifying speed, shorten breeding cycle.
Urge large bud to be carry out vernalization under suitable temperature 25 DEG C of-32 DEG C of conditions, the bud of suitable length within 24-36 hour, can be obtained.Adopt the mode of urging large bud, the regularity of cucumber seedling can be improved.Preferably, in step (1), (2) and (3), described in urge large bud to be that the long difference with seed length of bud is within 0.3cm.
Day-light greenhouse winter spring stubble emphasis is selected prematurity (the first female flower joint position), yielding ability (in 20 joints female flower joint number), commodity melon quality (curcumbitate, melon look), field resistance.Single traits is selected to adopt the gradation sequencing that namely concentration occurs according to objective trait by stages to select successively; Comprehensive Traits is selected to adopt limit value concentration namely to give the back-and-forth method of the minimum inclusion criteria of each proterties; ' selecting excellent in excellent ' principle is adhered in the selection of fine individual plant, namely eliminates the bad strain of general performance, the strain that selected general performance is excellent, and then selects fine individual plant in elite plant strain; Select through whole growth course, overall merit final election time advance to kind melon is convenient to locking seed selection target and emphasis, is reduced seed collecting labour intensity, saving of work and time, improve efficiency of selection before gathering.The index used on a selective basis is all according to cucumber growth situation, ground for the kind melon of planting in whole greenhouse.
Further, in step (1), gather kind of melon time use on a selective basis;
Described using on a selective basis considers from the following aspect:
First female flower joint position is low, and in 20 joints, female flower joint number is many, and curcumbitate is straight, and melon look homogeneous is glossy, and disease resistance is strong.
Proper temperature in greenhouse, is beneficial to the after-ripening of kind of melon.Further, in step (1), described after-ripening the kind melon of gathering is put into mesh bag hang over greenhouse, places 5-10 days.
Further, in step (1), described cucumber is 32-33 DEG C at the phase control temperature of yielding positive results.Carry out high temperature management in the cucumber phase of yielding positive results, save kind of a time for melon maturation, make seed spend resting stage, and be conducive to disease and pest control.If temperature is too high during this period, carry out ventilating.
In general, the concrete steps of day-light greenhouse winter spring stubble are as follows: on February about 20, seed urged large bud (bud is long similar with seed length) every year, cave dish seeding and seedling raising, nursery stage about 20 days, then, in field planting in about 10 days March, after growing 30 days after field planting, pollination self is started, be generally at pollination self on 10-May 25 April, select the second female flower for pollination.Starts kind of a melon of gathering after 25-30 days after pollination, adopt the melon phase in 10-May 25 May, the kind melon of gathering after-ripening 5-10 days on the spot in greenhouse, plucking seed time to June 1, namely completed whole day-light greenhouse winter spring stubble May 20.Do not carry out disease control in the time of infertility, the phase of yielding positive results implements high temperature management, and water and fertilizer management is with conventional.
Further, in step (2), the cucumber seedling obtained be a leaf wholeheartedly, seedling raise period is 9-12 days.
Spray certain density ethrel in the specific period, save appearance first female flower to impel seedling 8-10 and do sth. in advance pollination self, preferably, in step (2), the mass concentration of the ethrel aqueous solution sprayed is 1.3 × 10
-7-1.4 × 10
-7.Ethrel by being obtained by further for ethrel 40% aqua of commercially available purchase thin up, also directly can be dissolved in water and obtaining by the ethrel aqueous solution.
Because greenhouse by solar heat summer stubble greenhouse temperature is too high, if kind melon is placed in greenhouse, easily rot, therefore, the kind melon of gathering is positioned over such as outdoor, shady and cool place and takes in the mat shelter put, to promote kind of a melon after-ripening.Further, in step (2), described after-ripening is: the kind melon of gathering is positioned over shady and cool place, after-ripening 3-5 days.
Further, in step (2), gather kind of melon time use on a selective basis;
Described using on a selective basis considers from the following aspect:
Melon look homogeneous is glossy, the straight and growing way neat and consistent in strain of curcumbitate.
In general, the greenhouse by solar heat summer concrete steps of stubble are as follows: carried out seed to the seed of the fine individual plant that day-light greenhouse winter spring stubble is selected in about 1 day June and urge large bud (bud is long to be roughly the same with seed length) cave to coil seeding and seedling raising, and high temperature season seedling stage (leaf wholeheartedly time) is generally about 10 days; In field planting in about 10 days June, seedling three leaf wholeheartedly time the spray ethrel aqueous solution, guarantee that seedling 8-10 saves appearance first female flower and does sth. in advance pollination self; Namely within after field planting about 30 days, carry out pollination self (general continue about 10 days) on July-20 on the 10th, pollinate and within latter about 25 days, plant melon and be mature on the whole; Carried out-10 days on the 5th August kind of a melon of gathering, plant melon cool place place's after-ripening 3-5 days, collected seed-15 days on the 10th August.This stubble time emphasis is selected commodity melon melon look, curcumbitate and regularity thereof, and does not select prematurity, yielding ability.In addition, water and fertilizer management is with conventional.
Preferably, in step (3), gather kind of melon time use on a selective basis;
Described using on a selective basis considers from the following aspect:
Melon look homogeneous is glossy, and female flower is insensitive to temperature and light.
In general, the greenhouse by solar heat autumn and winter concrete steps of stubble are as follows: carried out seed to the seed of the fine individual plant that greenhouse by solar heat summer stubble is selected in about 20 days August and urge large bud (bud is long similar with seed length) cave to coil seeding and seedling raising, on August about 30 seedling one leaf wholeheartedly time field planting, after field planting about 25 days start pollination self, because high temperature makes the first female flower joint position raise, first female flower is used for pollination self, in pollination on 20-October 20 September (general lasting 20-30 days).Latter temperature is more and more lower, and it is slow to plant the ripe speed of melon, 50-60 days kind melon normal matures after general pollination, and gather in late November to early December and ripely plant melon, without the need to after-ripening, the kind melon of gathering directly carries out cuing open melon and collects seed.This stubble time emphasis is selected melon look, female flower thermo photoperiod sensitivity etc.In addition, water and fertilizer management is with conventional.
The position of the female flower in the present invention counts from the outward extending direction of root by cucumber melon seedling.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
(1) cucumber generally plants the rear 40-60 days seed normal matures of melon pollination, gathers, adopt melon 15-20 days ahead of time when key point of the present invention is 25-30 days after kind of melon pollination.The kind melon of gathering ahead of time, again through after-ripening in 5-10 days, accelerates seed maturity, and can break seed dormancy, carry out summer stubble sowing as scheduled.
(2) Comprehensive Traits is selected and the final final election of excellent strain advances to before kind of a melon gathers by indoor species test after collecting seed by the present invention, and select target is with strong points, gives prominence to the key points, and reduces seed collecting labour intensity and seed storage cost, saving of work and time, raising efficiency of selection.
(3) the present invention by the ahead of time sowing of Winter-Spring stubble, plant that melon is gathered ahead of time, planted melon after-ripening breaking dormancy, ethrel process in summer adds for breeding, autumn delaying the technology such as sowing, realize 3 generations seed selection in a year, each stubble time character determination emphasis is different, have complementary advantages, effectively shorten breeding cycle, greatly accelerate breeding process, make the seed selection that can complete an inbred line for 2 years.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, embodiment of the present invention are described in detail, but it will be understood to those of skill in the art that the following example only for illustration of the present invention, and should not be considered as limiting the scope of the invention.Unreceipted actual conditions person in embodiment, the condition of conveniently conditioned disjunction manufacturer suggestion is carried out.Agents useful for same or the unreceipted production firm person of instrument, being can by the conventional products of commercially available acquisition.
Embodiment 1
A kind of cucumber in solar-greenhouse high-efficient breeding method, step is as follows:
(1), day-light greenhouse winter spring stubble: February 20, seed urged large bud every year, and the difference of bud length and seed length is within 0.3cm, and cave dish seeding and seedling raising, then in field planting on March 11; During 10-May 25 April, select the second female flower to carry out pollination self; Cucumber is 32-33 DEG C at the phase control temperature of yielding positive results;
Starts kind of a melon of gathering after 25-28 days after pollination, gather kind of melon time use on a selective basis; Consider from the following aspect: the first female flower joint position is low, and in 20 joints, female flower joint number is many, and curcumbitate is straight, and melon look homogeneous is glossy, and disease resistance is strong.
Use on a selective basis and adopt following principle: single traits is selected to adopt the gradation sequencing that namely concentration occurs according to objective trait by stages to select successively; Comprehensive Traits is selected to adopt limit value concentration namely to give the back-and-forth method of the minimum inclusion criteria of each proterties; ' selecting excellent in excellent ' principle is adhered in the selection of fine individual plant, namely eliminates the bad strain of general performance, the strain that selected general performance is excellent, and then selects fine individual plant in elite plant strain; Select through whole growth course, overall merit final election time advance to kind melon is convenient to locking seed selection target and emphasis, is reduced seed collecting labour intensity, saving of work and time, improve efficiency of selection before gathering.
The kind melon of gathering is put into mesh bag and is hung over greenhouse, places 10 days; Plucking seed time May 25 to May 30.
In addition, do not carry out disease control in the time of infertility, water and fertilizer management is with conventional.
(2), greenhouse by solar heat summer stubble: June 1, seed is carried out to the seed of the fine individual plant that day-light greenhouse winter spring stubble is selected in and urges large bud, the long difference with seed length of bud within 0.3cm, cave dish seeding and seedling raising, high temperature season seedling stage is 9-12 days; One leaf wholeheartedly time in field planting in about 10 days June, seedling three leaf wholeheartedly time spray mass concentration be 1.3 × 10
-7the ethrel aqueous solution, guarantee that seedling 8-10 saves appearance first female flower and does sth. in advance pollination self;
On July-20 on the 10th carried out pollination self, continued 10 days; After pollination, 23-25 days kind melons are mature on the whole, kind of a melon of gathering-10 days on the 5th August, select melon look homogeneous glossy, the straight and kind melon that is growing way neat and consistent in strain of curcumbitate, and do not select prematurity, yielding ability;
Plant melon cool place place's after-ripening 3-5 days, collected seed-15 days on the 10th August.
(3), greenhouse by solar heat autumn and winter stubble: carried out seed to the seed of the fine individual plant that greenhouse by solar heat summer stubble is selected in August 20 and urge large bud, the difference of bud length and seed length is within 0.3cm;
Cave dish seeding and seedling raising, on August about 30 seedling one leaf wholeheartedly time field planting, after field planting 25 days start pollination self, due to high temperature make first female flower joint position raise, first female flower is used for pollination self, in pollination on 20-October 20 September (general lasting 20-30 days);
Latter temperature is more and more lower, and it is slow to plant the ripe speed of melon, and gather in late November to early December and ripely plant melon, select melon look homogeneous glossy, female flower is to temperature and light insensitive kind of melon;
This kind of melon is without the need to after-ripening, and the kind melon of gathering directly carries out cuing open melon and collects seed.
Embodiment 2
A kind of cucumber in solar-greenhouse high-efficient breeding method, step is as follows:
(1), day-light greenhouse winter spring stubble: February 15, seed urged large bud every year, and the difference of bud length and seed length is within 0.3cm, and cave dish seeding and seedling raising, then in field planting on March 10; During 10-May 25 April, select the second female flower to carry out pollination self; Cucumber is 32-33 DEG C at the phase control temperature of yielding positive results;
Starts kind of a melon of gathering after 28-30 days after pollination, gather kind of melon time use on a selective basis; Consider from the following aspect: the first female flower joint position is low, and in 20 joints, female flower joint number is many, and curcumbitate is straight, and melon look homogeneous is glossy, and disease resistance is strong.
Use on a selective basis and adopt following principle: single traits is selected to adopt the gradation sequencing that namely concentration occurs according to objective trait by stages to select successively; Comprehensive Traits is selected to adopt limit value concentration namely to give the back-and-forth method of the minimum inclusion criteria of each proterties; ' selecting excellent in excellent ' principle is adhered in the selection of fine individual plant, namely eliminates the bad strain of general performance, the strain that selected general performance is excellent, and then selects fine individual plant in elite plant strain; Select through whole growth course, overall merit final election time advance to kind melon is convenient to locking seed selection target and emphasis, is reduced seed collecting labour intensity, saving of work and time, improve efficiency of selection before gathering.
The kind melon of gathering is put into mesh bag and is hung over greenhouse, places 5 days; Plucking seed time May 20 to May 31.
In addition, do not carry out disease control in the time of infertility, water and fertilizer management is with conventional.
(2), greenhouse by solar heat summer stubble: June 1, seed is carried out to the seed of the fine individual plant that day-light greenhouse winter spring stubble is selected in and urges large bud, the long difference with seed length of bud within 0.3cm, cave dish seeding and seedling raising, high temperature season seedling stage is 9-12 days; One leaf wholeheartedly time in field planting in about 10 days June, seedling three leaf wholeheartedly time spray mass concentration be 1.336 × 10
-7the ethrel aqueous solution, guarantee that seedling 8-10 saves appearance first female flower and does sth. in advance pollination self;
On July-20 on the 10th carried out pollination self, continued about 10 days; Within about 23-25 days, plant melon and be mature on the whole after pollination, carried out-10 days on the 5th August kind of a melon of gathering, select melon look homogeneous glossy, the straight and kind melon that is growing way neat and consistent in strain of curcumbitate, and prematurity, yielding ability are not selected;
Plant melon cool place place's after-ripening 3-5 days, collected seed-15 days on the 10th August.
(3), greenhouse by solar heat autumn and winter stubble: carried out seed to the seed of the fine individual plant that greenhouse by solar heat summer stubble is selected in August 20 and urge large bud, the difference of bud length and seed length is within 0.3cm;
Cave dish seeding and seedling raising, on August about 30 seedling one leaf wholeheartedly time field planting, after field planting about 25 days start pollination self, due to high temperature make first female flower joint position raise, first female flower is used for pollination self, in pollination on 20-October 20 September (general lasting 20-30 days);
Latter temperature is more and more lower, and it is slow to plant the ripe speed of melon, and gather in late November to early December and ripely plant melon, select melon look homogeneous glossy, female flower is to temperature and light insensitive kind of melon;
This kind of melon is without the need to after-ripening, and the kind melon of gathering directly carries out cuing open melon and collects seed.
Embodiment 3
A kind of cucumber in solar-greenhouse high-efficient breeding method, step is as follows:
(1), day-light greenhouse winter spring stubble: February 15, seed urged large bud every year, and the difference of bud length and seed length is within 0.3cm, and cave dish seeding and seedling raising, then in field planting on March 10; During 10-May 25 April, select the second female flower to carry out pollination self; Cucumber is 32-33 DEG C at the phase control temperature of yielding positive results;
Starts kind of a melon of gathering after 28-30 days after pollination, gather kind of melon time use on a selective basis; Consider from the following aspect: the first female flower joint position is low, and in 20 joints, female flower joint number is many, and curcumbitate is straight, and melon look homogeneous is glossy, and disease resistance is strong.
Use on a selective basis and adopt following principle: single traits is selected to adopt the gradation sequencing that namely concentration occurs according to objective trait by stages to select successively; Comprehensive Traits is selected to adopt limit value concentration namely to give the back-and-forth method of the minimum inclusion criteria of each proterties; ' selecting excellent in excellent ' principle is adhered in the selection of fine individual plant, namely eliminates the bad strain of general performance, the strain that selected general performance is excellent, and then selects fine individual plant in elite plant strain; Select through whole growth course, overall merit final election time advance to kind melon is convenient to locking seed selection target and emphasis, is reduced seed collecting labour intensity, saving of work and time, improve efficiency of selection before gathering.
The kind melon of gathering is put into mesh bag and is hung over greenhouse, places 8 days; Plucking seed time May 20 to May 31.
In addition, do not carry out disease control in the time of infertility, water and fertilizer management is with conventional.
(2), greenhouse by solar heat summer stubble: June 1, seed is carried out to the seed of the fine individual plant that day-light greenhouse winter spring stubble is selected in and urges large bud, the long difference with seed length of bud within 0.3cm, cave dish seeding and seedling raising, high temperature season seedling stage is 9-12 days; One leaf wholeheartedly time in field planting in about 10 days June, seedling three leaf wholeheartedly time spray mass concentration be 1.4 × 10
-7the ethrel aqueous solution, guarantee that seedling 8-10 saves appearance first female flower and does sth. in advance pollination self;
On July-20 on the 10th carried out pollination self, continued about 10 days; Pollinate and within about 23-25 days, plant melon and be mature on the whole, carried out-10 days on the 5th August kind of a melon of gathering, select melon look homogeneous glossy, the straight and kind melon that is growing way neat and consistent in strain of curcumbitate, and prematurity, yielding ability are not selected;
Plant melon cool place place's after-ripening 3-5 days, collected seed-15 days on the 10th August.
(3), greenhouse by solar heat autumn and winter stubble: carried out seed to the seed of the fine individual plant that greenhouse by solar heat summer stubble is selected in August 20 and urge large bud, the difference of bud length and seed length is within 0.3cm;
Cave dish seeding and seedling raising, on August about 30 seedling one leaf wholeheartedly time field planting, after field planting about 25 days start pollination self, due to high temperature make first female flower joint position raise, first female flower is used for pollination self, in pollination on 20-October 20 September (general lasting 20-30 days);
Latter temperature is more and more lower, and it is slow to plant the ripe speed of melon, and gather in late November to early December and ripely plant melon, select melon look homogeneous glossy, female flower is to temperature and light insensitive kind of melon;
This kind of melon is without the need to after-ripening, and the kind melon of gathering directly carries out cuing open melon and collects seed.
To sum up, cucumber in solar-greenhouse high-efficient breeding method provided by the invention, according to cucumber plant feature, biological property with grow the cycle, Greenhouse in North is adopted to carry out adding generation, according to seed growth law of development, form a complete and comprehensive system for collecting real estate fees collect seed ahead of time, plant that seed dormancy is broken in melon after-ripening, ethrel urgees the technology such as female and realizes common day-light greenhouse winter spring stubble, summer stubble, the 3 generations seed selection in a year of autumn and winter stubble, the seed obtained and 1 year 2 generation indifference, improve breeding efficiency, accelerate inbred line purifying speed, shorten breeding cycle.
Although illustrate and describe the present invention with specific embodiment, however it will be appreciated that can to make when not deviating from the spirit and scope of the present invention many other change and amendment.Therefore, this means to comprise all such changes and modifications belonged in the scope of the invention in the following claims.
Claims (10)
1. a cucumber in solar-greenhouse high-efficient breeding method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1), day-light greenhouse winter spring stubble: annual the middle ten days and the last ten days in February starts cucumber seeds and urges large bud, then carry out cave dish seeding and seedling raising, the cucumber seedling field planting obtained, each cucumber strain selects the second female flower to pollinate, to pollinate kind of a melon of gathering after 25-30 days, plant melon and collect seed after after-ripening;
(2), greenhouse by solar heat summer stubble: the seed of being gathered by day-light greenhouse winter spring stubble started to urge large bud at the beginning of 6 months, then cave dish seeding and seedling raising is carried out, to a leaf wholeheartedly cucumber seedling field planting obtained, seedling three leaf wholeheartedly time spray ethrel, pollination self is carried out to the first female flower, to pollinate kind of a melon of gathering after 23-25 days, plant melon and collect seed after after-ripening;
(3), greenhouse by solar heat autumn and winter stubble: the seed of being gathered by greenhouse by solar heat summer stubble started to urge large bud in mid or late August, then cave dish seeding and seedling raising is carried out, to a leaf wholeheartedly cucumber seedling field planting obtained, pollination self is carried out to the first female flower, ripe to planting melon after pollination, to gather kind of a melon, cut open melon and collect seed.
2. cucumber in solar-greenhouse high-efficient breeding method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (1), (2) and (3), described in urge large bud to be that the long difference with seed length of bud is within 0.3cm.
3. cucumber in solar-greenhouse high-efficient breeding method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (1), gather kind of melon time use on a selective basis;
Described using on a selective basis considers from the following aspect:
First female flower joint position is low, and in 20 joints, female flower joint number is many, and curcumbitate is straight, and melon look homogeneous is glossy, and disease resistance is strong.
4. cucumber in solar-greenhouse high-efficient breeding method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (1), described after-ripening the kind melon of gathering is put into mesh bag hang over greenhouse, places 5-10 days.
5. the cucumber in solar-greenhouse high-efficient breeding method according to any one of claim 1-4, is characterized in that, in step (1), described cucumber is 32-33 DEG C at the phase control temperature of yielding positive results.
6. cucumber in solar-greenhouse high-efficient breeding method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, in step (2), the cucumber seedling obtained be a leaf wholeheartedly, seedling raise period is 9-12 days.
7. cucumber in solar-greenhouse high-efficient breeding method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, in step (2), the mass concentration of the ethrel aqueous solution sprayed is 1.3 × 10
-7-1.4 × 10
-7.
8. cucumber in solar-greenhouse high-efficient breeding method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (2), described after-ripening is: the kind melon of gathering is positioned over shady and cool place, after-ripening 3-5 days.
9. cucumber in solar-greenhouse high-efficient breeding method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (2), gather kind of melon time use on a selective basis;
Described using on a selective basis considers from the following aspect:
Melon look homogeneous is glossy, the straight and growing way neat and consistent in strain of curcumbitate.
10. cucumber in solar-greenhouse high-efficient breeding method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (3), gather kind of melon time use on a selective basis;
Described using on a selective basis considers from the following aspect:
Melon look homogeneous is glossy, and female flower is insensitive to temperature and light.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510859492.4A CN105409541B (en) | 2015-11-30 | 2015-11-30 | A kind of cucumber in solar-greenhouse high-efficient breeding method |
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| CN110150062A (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2019-08-23 | 河北科技师范学院 | The implantation methods that a kind of spring wheat, summer corn yield two crops a year |
| CN111820094A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-10-27 | 石家庄市农林科学研究院 | Planting method for shortening breeding period of green Chinese onions |
| CN115152539A (en) * | 2022-07-26 | 2022-10-11 | 石家庄市农林科学研究院 | Greenhouse generation-adding breeding method for okra |
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| CN115152539A (en) * | 2022-07-26 | 2022-10-11 | 石家庄市农林科学研究院 | Greenhouse generation-adding breeding method for okra |
| CN115152539B (en) * | 2022-07-26 | 2023-10-17 | 石家庄市农林科学研究院 | Greenhouse generation-adding breeding method for okra |
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