CN105409541B - A kind of cucumber in solar-greenhouse high-efficient breeding method - Google Patents
A kind of cucumber in solar-greenhouse high-efficient breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105409541B CN105409541B CN201510859492.4A CN201510859492A CN105409541B CN 105409541 B CN105409541 B CN 105409541B CN 201510859492 A CN201510859492 A CN 201510859492A CN 105409541 B CN105409541 B CN 105409541B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
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Abstract
The present invention relates to breed cucumber fields, in particular to a kind of cucumber in solar-greenhouse high-efficient breeding method, the following steps are included: day-light greenhouse winter spring stubble: annual the middle ten days and the last ten days in 2 month starts cucumber seeds and urges big bud, nursery, field planting, the second female flower is selected to pollinate in cucumber strain, harvesting kind melon after pollination 25-30 days, kind melon is collected seed after after-ripening；The seed of harvesting: being started to urge at the beginning of 6 months big bud by heliogreenhouse summer stubble, nursery, field planting, three leaf of seedling wholeheartedly when spray ethephon (CEPHA),2-(chloroethyl) phosphonic acid, to the first female flower pollination self, a harvesting kind melon after pollination 23-25 days plants melon and collects seed after after-ripening；Heliogreenhouse autumn and winter stubble: the seed of harvesting started to urge big bud in mid or late August, and nursery, field planting is mature to kind melon after pollination to the first female flower pollination self, and harvesting kind melon cuts open melon seed collecting.The breeding method realizes common day-light greenhouse winter spring stubble, summer stubble, stubble autumn and winter, seed selection 1 year 3 generation, can further improve breeding efficiency, self-mating system is accelerated to purify speed, shorten breeding cycle.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to breed cucumber fields, in particular to a kind of cucumber in solar-greenhouse high-efficient breeding method.
Background technique
Cucumber half-blood breeding uses pedigree method, and the selfing purifying for generally requiring or so 6 generations could obtain stable oneself
System is handed over, then by hybridization combo, variety test, finally selects excellent variety.In breeding practice, in order to accelerate cucumber variety
Breeding process, the prior art are to add generation or strange land to add generation (such as Hainan in Winter adds generation) using heliogreenhouse, and northern China is general
Implement Winter-Spring stubble, stubble autumn and winter, seed selection 1 year two generation frequently with heliogreenhouse, is adopted when 40-60 days seed normal matures after kind melon pollination
Kind, interior species test is carried out before lower stubble sowing after general seed collecting, final final election is selected in elite plant strain and single plant, then carries out strain comparison
Test.The major defect of above-mentioned technology is that one self-mating system of breeding needs at least 3 years, breeding cycle long；After seed collecting or under
It is showed before stubble sowing according to Comprehensive Traits and carries out indoor species test, one side seed collecting heavy workload, second is that the excellent list of final final election
Sometimes grain weight is less even without full seed, time-consuming, low efficiency of choosing seeds for strain.
In view of this, the present invention is specifically proposed.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of cucumber in solar-greenhouse high-efficient breeding method, according to cucumber plant feature,
Biological characteristics and growth and development period carry out adding generation using Greenhouse in North, and according to seed growth law of development, synthesis is matched
Set is collected seed ahead of time, seed dormancy is broken in kind melon after-ripening, ethephon (CEPHA),2-(chloroethyl) phosphonic acid promote the technologies such as female realize common day-light greenhouse winter spring stubble, summer stubble,
Stubble autumn and winter, seed selection 1 year 3 generation, can further improve breeding efficiency, self-mating system is accelerated to purify speed, shorten breeding cycle.
In order to realize above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the following technical scheme is adopted:
A kind of cucumber in solar-greenhouse high-efficient breeding method, comprising the following steps:
(1), day-light greenhouse winter spring stubble: annual the middle ten days and the last ten days in 2 month starts cucumber seeds and urges big bud, then carries out hole tray sowing
Nursery, obtained cucumber seedling are colonized, and select the second female flower to pollinate in each cucumber strain, a harvesting kind melon after pollination 25-30 days,
Kind melon is collected seed after after-ripening；
(2), heliogreenhouse summer stubble: start the seed that day-light greenhouse winter spring stubble harvests to urge big bud at the beginning of 6 months, then carry out
Hole tray seeding and seedling raising, to an obtained leaf wholeheartedly cucumber seedling be colonized, three leaf of seedling wholeheartedly when spray ethephon (CEPHA),2-(chloroethyl) phosphonic acid, to the first female flower into
Row pollination self, harvesting kind melon after pollination 23-25 days, kind melon are collected seed after after-ripening；
(3), heliogreenhouse autumn and winter stubble: by the heliogreenhouse summer, the seed of stubble harvesting started to urge big bud in mid or late August, then
Hole tray seeding and seedling raising is carried out, wholeheartedly cucumber seedling is colonized to an obtained leaf, pollination self is carried out to the first female flower, to kind after pollination
Melon is mature, and harvesting kind melon cuts open melon seed collecting.
Cucumber in solar-greenhouse high-efficient breeding method provided by the invention, according to cucumber plant feature, biological characteristics and
The growth and development period carries out adding generation using Greenhouse in North, according to seed growth law of development, seed collecting ahead of time of forming a complete and comprehensive system for collecting real estate fees,
Seed dormancy is broken in kind melon after-ripening, ethephon (CEPHA),2-(chloroethyl) phosphonic acid promotees the technologies such as female and realizes common day-light greenhouse winter spring stubble, summer stubble, autumn and winter stubble 1 year 3
Generation seed selection, can further improve breeding efficiency, and self-mating system is accelerated to purify speed, shorten breeding cycle.
Urging big bud is to carry out vernalization under the conditions of 25 DEG C -32 DEG C of temperature for being suitable for, and suitable length can be obtained within 24-36 hours
Bud.By the way of urging big bud, the uniformity of cucumber seedling can be improved.Preferably, described to urge in step (1), (2) and (3)
Big bud is bud length and the difference of seed length within 0.3cm.
Day-light greenhouse winter spring stubble emphasis is to prematureness (the first female flower section), yielding ability (female flower joint number in 20 sections), commodity
Melon quality (curcumbitate, melon color), field resistance are selected.Single traits selection is using concentration is according to target by stages by several times
The sequencing that character occurs successively is selected；It is minimum selected that each character is given in Comprehensive Traits selection using limit value concentration
The back-and-forth method of standard；' selecting in excellent excellent ' principle is adhered in the selection of fine individual plant, that is, is eliminated the undesirable strain of overall performance, be selected in whole
The existing excellent strain of body surface, then selects fine individual plant in elite plant strain again；Selection is commented through entire growth course, synthesis
Before valence final election time advance to kind melon harvesting, convenient for locking seed selection target and emphasis, seed collecting labor intensity is reduced, saving of work and time,
Improve efficiency of selection.The index used on a selective basis is according to cucumber growth situation, relative to the kind melon planted in entire greenhouse
Yan Di.
Further, it in step (1), is used on a selective basis when harvesting kind melon；
Described use on a selective basis comprehensively considers from the following aspect:
First female flower section is low, and female flower joint number is more in 20 sections, and curcumbitate is straight, and melon color is uniform glossy, and disease resistance is strong.
The indoor proper temperature of temperature, conducive to the after-ripening of kind of melon.Further, in step (1), the after-ripening is will to harvest
Kind melon be put into mesh bag and hang in greenhouse, place 5-10 days.
Further, in step (1), the cucumber is in the phase of yielding positive results controlled at 32-33 DEG C.It blooms in cucumber
Fruiting period carries out high temperature management, saves the time of kind of melon maturation, so that seed is spent dormant period, and be conducive to disease and pest control.
If temperature is too high during this period, it is aerated.
In general, specific step is as follows for day-light greenhouse winter spring stubble: annual 20 days or so 2 months seeds urge big bud, and (bud is long
It is similar with seed length), hole tray seeding and seedling raising nursery stage 20 days or so, was then colonized 10 days or so March, raw after field planting
After 30 days long, start pollination self, usually in pollination self on 10-May 25 April, selects the second female flower for pollinating.It awards
Start harvesting kind melon after powder after 25-30 days, adopts the melon phase in 10-May 25 May, the after-ripening on the spot in greenhouse of the kind melon of harvesting
5-10 days, plucking seed time to June 1, that is, completed entire day-light greenhouse winter spring stubble May 20.In the time of infertility without disease
Prevention and treatment, phase of yielding positive results implement high temperature management, and water and fertilizer management is the same as conventional.
Further, in step (2), obtained cucumber seedling is a Ye Yixin, and seedling raise period is 9-12 days.
Certain density ethephon (CEPHA),2-(chloroethyl) phosphonic acid is sprayed in the specific period, selfing is awarded ahead of time to promote seedling 8-10 section the first female flower occur
Powder, it is preferable that in step (2), the mass concentration of the ethephon (CEPHA),2-(chloroethyl) phosphonic acid aqueous solution sprayed is 1.3 × 10-7-1.4×10-7.Ethephon (CEPHA),2-(chloroethyl) phosphonic acid
Aqueous solution can be by being further diluted with water acquisition for 40% aqua of ethephon (CEPHA),2-(chloroethyl) phosphonic acid of commercially available purchase, can also be directly by ethephon (CEPHA),2-(chloroethyl) phosphonic acid
It is dissolved in water to obtain.
Since heliogreenhouse summer stubble greenhouse temperature is too high, it is easy to rot if kind melon is placed in greenhouse, therefore, by harvesting
Kind melon is placed in shady place such as outdoor and takes in the mat shelter set, to promote kind of a melon after-ripening.Further, in step (2), after described
It is ripe are as follows: the kind melon of harvesting is placed in shady place, after-ripening 3-5 days.
Further, it in step (2), is used on a selective basis when harvesting kind melon；
Described use on a selective basis comprehensively considers from the following aspect:
Melon color is uniform glossy, curcumbitate is straight and strain in growing way neat and consistent.
In general, specific step is as follows for heliogreenhouse summer stubble: the fine individual plant selected to day-light greenhouse winter spring stubble
Seed urges big bud (bud is long to be roughly the same with seed length) hole tray seeding and seedling raising, high temperature season seedling in progress in 1 day or so June seed
Phase (leaf wholeheartedly when) is generally 10 days or so；In on June 10 or so be colonized, three leaf of seedling wholeheartedly when spray ethephon (CEPHA),2-(chloroethyl) phosphonic acid aqueous solution,
Ensure that seedling 8-10 section the first female flower occurs and does sth. in advance pollination self；It carries out selfing on July -20 on the 10th and awards within 30 days or so after field planting
Powder (generally continues 10 days or so), and 25 days or so kind melons are mature on the whole after pollination；Harvesting kind melon, kind were carried out in August -10 days on the 5th
It melon shady place after-ripening 3-5 days, collected seed in August -15 days on the 10th.This stubble time emphasis is to commodity melon melon color, curcumbitate and its neat
Property selected, and to prematureness, yielding ability without selection.In addition, water and fertilizer management is the same as conventional.
Preferably, it in step (3), is used on a selective basis when harvesting kind melon；
Described use on a selective basis comprehensively considers from the following aspect:
Melon color is uniform glossy, and female flower is insensitive to temperature and light.
In general, specific step is as follows for heliogreenhouse autumn and winter stubble: the fine individual plant selected to heliogreenhouse summer stubble
Seed urges big bud (bud long with seed length similar) hole tray seeding and seedling raising in August 20th or so progress seeds, and August 30th or so
One leaf of seedling wholeheartedly when be colonized, 25 days or so beginning pollination selfs after field planting, due to high temperature make the first female flower section increase, first
Female flower is used for pollination self, in pollination on September 20-October 20 (general to continue 20-30 days).Latter temperature is lower and lower, kind
Melon maturation speed is slow, and 50-60 days kind melon normal matures after general pollination harvest mature kind of melon in late November to early December,
Without after-ripening, the kind melon of harvesting directly carries out cuing open melon seed collecting.This stubble time emphasis selects melon color, female flower thermo photoperiod sensitivity etc.
It selects.In addition, water and fertilizer management is the same as conventional.
The position of female flower in the present invention is to count by cucumber melon seedling from the outwardly extending direction in root.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the benefit that
(1) 40-60 days seed normal matures after general kind of melon pollination of cucumber, key point of the present invention are 25- after kind of melon pollination
30 days Shi Caishou are adopted melon 15-20 days ahead of time.The kind melon harvested ahead of time accelerates seed mature using after-ripening in 5-10 days, and can be with
Break seed dormancy, carries out summer stubble sowing as scheduled.
(2) Comprehensive Traits selection and the final final election of excellent strain are advanceed to kind of melon by species test in seed collecting rear chamber and harvested by the present invention
Before, selection target is with strong points, gives prominence to the key points, and reduces seed collecting labor intensity and the storage of seeds cost, and saving of work and time improves selection
Efficiency.
(3) present invention is sowed ahead of time by Winter-Spring stubble, kind melon harvests ahead of time, kind melon after-ripening breaking dormancy, summer ethephon (CEPHA),2-(chloroethyl) phosphonic acid
Processing, which adds, delays the technologies such as sowing for breeding, autumn, realizes that 1 year 3 generation chose seeds, each stubble time character determination emphasis difference, and advantage is mutual
It mends, effectively shortens breeding cycle, greatly accelerate breeding process, so that the breeding of a self-mating system can be completed within 2 years.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment, but those skilled in the art will
Understand, the following example is merely to illustrate the present invention, and is not construed as limiting the scope of the invention.It is not specified in embodiment specific
Condition person carries out according to conventional conditions or manufacturer's recommended conditions.Reagents or instruments used without specified manufacturer is
The conventional products of commercially available acquisition can be passed through.
Embodiment 1
A kind of cucumber in solar-greenhouse high-efficient breeding method, steps are as follows:
(1), day-light greenhouse winter spring stubble: annual 20 days 2 months seeds urge big bud, and bud grows the difference with seed length in 0.3cm
Within, then hole tray seeding and seedling raising was colonized March 11；The second female flower is selected to be selfed during 10-May 25 April
Pollination；Cucumber is in the phase of yielding positive results controlled at 32-33 DEG C；
Start harvesting kind melon after pollination after 25-28 days, is used on a selective basis when harvesting kind melon；Comprehensively consider from the following aspect: the
One female flower section is low, and female flower joint number is more in 20 sections, and curcumbitate is straight, and melon color is uniform glossy, and disease resistance is strong.
Use on a selective basis using following principle: single traits selection is using concentration occurs according to objective trait by stages by several times
Sequencing successively selected；Comprehensive Traits selection is to give the choosing of the minimum inclusion criteria of each character using limit value concentration
Select method；' selecting in excellent excellent ' principle is adhered in the selection of fine individual plant, that is, eliminates the undesirable strain of overall performance, and it is excellent to be selected in overall performance
Good strain, then selects fine individual plant in elite plant strain again；Selection is through entire growth course, when overall merit final election
Between be advanced to the harvesting of kind of melon before, convenient for locking seed selection target and emphasis, reduce seed collecting labor intensity, saving of work and time improves selection
Efficiency.
The kind melon of harvesting, which is put into mesh bag, to be hung in greenhouse, is placed 10 days；Plucking seed time is in May 25 to May 30.
In addition, water and fertilizer management is the same as conventional in the time of infertility without disease control.
(2), heliogreenhouse summer stubble: the seed of the fine individual plant selected to day-light greenhouse winter spring stubble is in progress on June 1 seed
Big bud is urged, bud grows the difference with seed length within 0.3cm, and hole tray seeding and seedling raising, high temperature season seedling stage is 9-12 days；One leaf
When wholeheartedly on June 10 or so be colonized, three leaf of seedling wholeheartedly when spray mass concentration be 1.3 × 10-7Ethephon (CEPHA),2-(chloroethyl) phosphonic acid aqueous solution, it is ensured that
There is the first female flower and does sth. in advance pollination self in seedling 8-10 section；
Progress in -20 days on the 10th July pollination self, continues 10 days；23-25 days kind melons are mature on the whole after pollination, in August 5 days-
Kind of the melon of harvesting on the 10th selects melon color uniform glossy, curcumbitate is straight and strain in growing way neat and consistent kind melon, and to precocity
Property, yielding ability without selection；
Kind melon shady place after-ripening 3-5 days, collected seed in August -15 days on the 10th.
(3), heliogreenhouse autumn and winter stubble: the seed of the fine individual plant selected to heliogreenhouse summer stubble was planted in August 20th
Son urges big bud, and bud grows the difference with seed length within 0.3cm；
Hole tray seeding and seedling raising, August 30th or so one leaves of seedling wholeheartedly when be colonized, 25 days beginning pollination selfs after field planting, by
Increase the first female flower section in high temperature, the first female flower is used for pollination self, (general to continue in pollination on September 20-October 20
20-30 days)；
Latter temperature is lower and lower, and kind melon maturation speed is slow, and mature kind of melon, selection are harvested in late November to early December
Melon color is uniform glossy, the female flower kind melon insensitive to temperature and light；
This kind of melon is not necessarily to after-ripening, and the kind melon of harvesting directly carries out cuing open melon seed collecting.
Embodiment 2
A kind of cucumber in solar-greenhouse high-efficient breeding method, steps are as follows:
(1), day-light greenhouse winter spring stubble: annual 15 days 2 months seeds urge big bud, and bud grows the difference with seed length in 0.3cm
Within, then hole tray seeding and seedling raising was colonized March 10；The second female flower is selected to be selfed during 10-May 25 April
Pollination；Cucumber is in the phase of yielding positive results controlled at 32-33 DEG C；
Start harvesting kind melon after pollination after 28-30 days, is used on a selective basis when harvesting kind melon；Comprehensively consider from the following aspect: the
One female flower section is low, and female flower joint number is more in 20 sections, and curcumbitate is straight, and melon color is uniform glossy, and disease resistance is strong.
Use on a selective basis using following principle: single traits selection is using concentration occurs according to objective trait by stages by several times
Sequencing successively selected；Comprehensive Traits selection is to give the choosing of the minimum inclusion criteria of each character using limit value concentration
Select method；' selecting in excellent excellent ' principle is adhered in the selection of fine individual plant, that is, eliminates the undesirable strain of overall performance, and it is excellent to be selected in overall performance
Good strain, then selects fine individual plant in elite plant strain again；Selection is through entire growth course, when overall merit final election
Between be advanced to the harvesting of kind of melon before, convenient for locking seed selection target and emphasis, reduce seed collecting labor intensity, saving of work and time improves selection
Efficiency.
The kind melon of harvesting, which is put into mesh bag, to be hung in greenhouse, is placed 5 days；Plucking seed time is in May 20 to May 31.
In addition, water and fertilizer management is the same as conventional in the time of infertility without disease control.
(2), heliogreenhouse summer stubble: the seed of the fine individual plant selected to day-light greenhouse winter spring stubble is in progress on June 1 seed
Big bud is urged, bud grows the difference with seed length within 0.3cm, and hole tray seeding and seedling raising, high temperature season seedling stage is 9-12 days；One leaf
When wholeheartedly on June 10 or so be colonized, three leaf of seedling wholeheartedly when spray mass concentration be 1.336 × 10-7Ethephon (CEPHA),2-(chloroethyl) phosphonic acid aqueous solution, really
It protects seedling 8-10 section the first female flower of appearance and does sth. in advance pollination self；
Progress in -20 days on the 10th July pollination self, continues 10 days or so；23-25 days or so kind melons are mature on the whole after pollination,
Carried out harvesting kind of a melon in August -10 days on the 5th, select melon color uniform glossy, curcumbitate is straight and strain in growing way neat and consistent kind
Melon, and to prematureness, yielding ability without selection；
Kind melon shady place after-ripening 3-5 days, collected seed in August -15 days on the 10th.
(3), heliogreenhouse autumn and winter stubble: the seed of the fine individual plant selected to heliogreenhouse summer stubble was planted in August 20th
Son urges big bud, and bud grows the difference with seed length within 0.3cm；
Hole tray seeding and seedling raising, August 30th or so one leaves of seedling wholeheartedly when be colonized, start within 25 days or so after field planting selfing award
Powder, since high temperature increases the first female flower section, the first female flower is used for pollination self, in pollination on September 20-October 20 (one
As continue 20-30 days)；
Latter temperature is lower and lower, and kind melon maturation speed is slow, and mature kind of melon, selection are harvested in late November to early December
Melon color is uniform glossy, the female flower kind melon insensitive to temperature and light；
This kind of melon is not necessarily to after-ripening, and the kind melon of harvesting directly carries out cuing open melon seed collecting.
Embodiment 3
A kind of cucumber in solar-greenhouse high-efficient breeding method, steps are as follows:
(1), day-light greenhouse winter spring stubble: annual 15 days 2 months seeds urge big bud, and bud grows the difference with seed length in 0.3cm
Within, then hole tray seeding and seedling raising was colonized March 10；The second female flower is selected to be selfed during 10-May 25 April
Pollination；Cucumber is in the phase of yielding positive results controlled at 32-33 DEG C；
Start harvesting kind melon after pollination after 28-30 days, is used on a selective basis when harvesting kind melon；Comprehensively consider from the following aspect: the
One female flower section is low, and female flower joint number is more in 20 sections, and curcumbitate is straight, and melon color is uniform glossy, and disease resistance is strong.
Use on a selective basis using following principle: single traits selection is using concentration occurs according to objective trait by stages by several times
Sequencing successively selected；Comprehensive Traits selection is to give the choosing of the minimum inclusion criteria of each character using limit value concentration
Select method；' selecting in excellent excellent ' principle is adhered in the selection of fine individual plant, that is, eliminates the undesirable strain of overall performance, and it is excellent to be selected in overall performance
Good strain, then selects fine individual plant in elite plant strain again；Selection is through entire growth course, when overall merit final election
Between be advanced to the harvesting of kind of melon before, convenient for locking seed selection target and emphasis, reduce seed collecting labor intensity, saving of work and time improves selection
Efficiency.
The kind melon of harvesting, which is put into mesh bag, to be hung in greenhouse, is placed 8 days；Plucking seed time is in May 20 to May 31.
In addition, water and fertilizer management is the same as conventional in the time of infertility without disease control.
(2), heliogreenhouse summer stubble: the seed of the fine individual plant selected to day-light greenhouse winter spring stubble is in progress on June 1 seed
Big bud is urged, bud grows the difference with seed length within 0.3cm, and hole tray seeding and seedling raising, high temperature season seedling stage is 9-12 days；One leaf
When wholeheartedly on June 10 or so be colonized, three leaf of seedling wholeheartedly when spray mass concentration be 1.4 × 10-7Ethephon (CEPHA),2-(chloroethyl) phosphonic acid aqueous solution, it is ensured that
There is the first female flower and does sth. in advance pollination self in seedling 8-10 section；
Progress in -20 days on the 10th July pollination self, continues 10 days or so；23-25 days or so kind melons of pollination are mature on the whole, in 8
Carry out within -10 days on the 5th harvesting kind of a melon moon, select melon color uniform glossy, curcumbitate is straight and strain in growing way neat and consistent kind melon,
And to prematureness, yielding ability without selection；
Kind melon shady place after-ripening 3-5 days, collected seed in August -15 days on the 10th.
(3), heliogreenhouse autumn and winter stubble: the seed of the fine individual plant selected to heliogreenhouse summer stubble was planted in August 20th
Son urges big bud, and bud grows the difference with seed length within 0.3cm；
Hole tray seeding and seedling raising, August 30th or so one leaves of seedling wholeheartedly when be colonized, start within 25 days or so after field planting selfing award
Powder, since high temperature increases the first female flower section, the first female flower is used for pollination self, in pollination on September 20-October 20 (one
As continue 20-30 days)；
Latter temperature is lower and lower, and kind melon maturation speed is slow, and mature kind of melon, selection are harvested in late November to early December
Melon color is uniform glossy, the female flower kind melon insensitive to temperature and light；
This kind of melon is not necessarily to after-ripening, and the kind melon of harvesting directly carries out cuing open melon seed collecting.
To sum up, cucumber in solar-greenhouse high-efficient breeding method provided by the invention, according to cucumber plant feature, biological characteristics
Property and the growth and development period, carried out using Greenhouse in North plus generation according to seed growth law of development form a complete and comprehensive system for collecting real estate fees and adopts ahead of time
Kind, kind melon after-ripening break seed dormancy, ethephon (CEPHA),2-(chloroethyl) phosphonic acid promotees the technologies such as female and realizes common day-light greenhouse winter spring stubble, summer stubble, autumn and winter batch one
The seed selection of 3 generations of year, obtained seed and 1 year 2 generation indifference, improve breeding efficiency, and self-mating system is accelerated to purify speed, and shortening is educated
The kind period.
Although illustrate and describing the present invention with specific embodiment, it will be appreciated that without departing substantially from of the invention
Many other change and modification can be made in the case where spirit and scope.It is, therefore, intended that in the following claims
Including belonging to all such changes and modifications in the scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of Greenhouse in North cucumber high-efficient breeding method, which comprises the following steps:
(1), day-light greenhouse winter spring stubble: annual the middle ten days and the last ten days in 2 month starts cucumber seeds and urges big bud, then carries out hole tray sowing and educates
Seedling, obtained cucumber seedling are colonized, and select the second female flower to pollinate in each cucumber strain, a harvesting kind melon, is planted after pollination 25-30 days
Melon is collected seed after after-ripening；
The cucumber is in the phase of yielding positive results controlled at 32-33 DEG C；
The after-ripening is that the kind melon of harvesting is put into mesh bag to hang in greenhouse, is placed 5-10 days；
(2), heliogreenhouse summer stubble: start the seed that day-light greenhouse winter spring stubble harvests to urge big bud at the beginning of 6 months, then carry out hole tray
Seeding and seedling raising, to an obtained leaf wholeheartedly cucumber seedling be colonized, three leaf of seedling wholeheartedly when spray ethephon (CEPHA),2-(chloroethyl) phosphonic acid, to the first female flower carry out from
Pollination is handed over, harvesting kind melon after pollination 23-25 days, kind melon is collected seed after after-ripening；
In step (2), the after-ripening are as follows: the kind melon of harvesting is placed in shady place, after-ripening 3-5 days；
(3), heliogreenhouse autumn and winter stubble: by the heliogreenhouse summer, the seed of stubble harvesting started to urge big bud in mid or late August, then carried out
Hole tray seeding and seedling raising, to an obtained leaf wholeheartedly cucumber seedling be colonized, to the first female flower carry out pollination self, after pollination to kind melon at
Ripe, harvesting kind melon cuts open melon seed collecting；
In step (1), used on a selective basis when harvesting kind melon；
Described use on a selective basis comprehensively considers from the following aspect:
First female flower section is low, and female flower joint number is more in 20 sections, and curcumbitate is straight, and melon color is uniform glossy, and disease resistance is strong；
In step (2), obtained cucumber seedling is a Ye Yixin, and seedling raise period is 9-12 days；
In step (2), used on a selective basis when harvesting kind melon；
Described use on a selective basis comprehensively considers from the following aspect:
Melon color is uniform glossy, curcumbitate is straight and strain in growing way neat and consistent；
In step (3), used on a selective basis when harvesting kind melon；
Described use on a selective basis comprehensively considers from the following aspect:
Melon color is uniform glossy, and female flower is insensitive to temperature and light.
2. Greenhouse in North cucumber high-efficient breeding method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (1),
(2) described that big bud is urged to grow the difference with seed length within 0.3cm for bud and in (3).
3. Greenhouse in North cucumber high-efficient breeding method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (2),
The mass concentration of the ethephon (CEPHA),2-(chloroethyl) phosphonic acid aqueous solution sprayed is 1.3 × 10-7-1.4×10-7。
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| CN110150062B (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2021-11-09 | 河北科技师范学院 | Planting method for spring wheat and summer corn twice a year |
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