CN104663215A - Method for seed reproduction of huge multi-leaf tobacco variety - Google Patents
Method for seed reproduction of huge multi-leaf tobacco variety Download PDFInfo
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- CN104663215A CN104663215A CN201510089514.3A CN201510089514A CN104663215A CN 104663215 A CN104663215 A CN 104663215A CN 201510089514 A CN201510089514 A CN 201510089514A CN 104663215 A CN104663215 A CN 104663215A
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- cigarette
- wooden fork
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for seed reproduction of a huge multi-leaf tobacco variety. The method comprises the following steps of when a tobacco plant grows to 30 to 40 leaves, topping, and remaining 18 to 22 leaves; when the tobacco plant grows with axillary buds after the topping, remaining the axillary buds in the two to five leaf axils under the top end of a main stem, and removing the other axillary buds; enhancing field management, and culturing the remained axillary buds into tobacco branches; after each tobacco branch blooms, trimming the branches and flowers, remaining the seeds, and controlling the number of fruits of each branch to be less than 80. The method has the advantages that the huge multi-leaf tobacco variety is promoted to early bloom in the conventional growth season, and the problem of difficulty in seed reproduction of the huge multi-leaf tobacco variety in the conventional growth season is solved, and the method is suitable for hybrid seed production using the huge multi-leaf tobacco variety as a parent.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to tobacco breeding technical field, be specifically related to a kind of breeding method of huge leafy tobacco bred.
Background technology
Tobacco is the primary raw material crop of cigarette, be also the Important Economic crop of China, and kind is the basis of cured tobacco production.In tobacco bred seed selection work, the reaction of most of tobacco germplasm counterglow length is insensitive, but minority " huge " leafy Performance of cultivar goes out obvious short day property, its growth vertebra meristematic cell only just can be divided into bud under short-day condition, just can budding, bloom, as reform No. five, leafy, the leafy cigarette of official Song of Qiao Zhuan, 581, Kutsaga Mammoth 10, NC22NF, NC37NF etc.This kind of variety source, in the cultivation in season of normal tobacco growing, can only break up leaf bud, and undifferentiated bud, as many as up to a hundred leaves are not still buddingged, and even enter the winter also at frondesce, thus adopt conventional breeding method to be difficult to receive seed.The short-day sunshine treatment first 7-14 sheet leaf cigarette seedling being carried out under the low temperature of 12-18 DEG C to certain hour can be adopted this kind of variety source, and then be transplanted to the method in land for growing field crops, promote flower bud differentiation, and then reach the object of breeding.But this Measures compare is loaded down with trivial details, bother, time-consuming, cost is high, and when using this kind of variety source as hybrid strain, because its florescence is uncertain, thus florescence alternation is more difficult.In addition, in breed breeding process, also usually run into " huge " the leafy variant occurred in " huge " leafy individual plant and some kinds that some hybrid generations separate, to so huge leafy cigarette strain, be difficult to adopt the method for low temperature short-day sunshine treatment to retain seed, some breeding units adopts the mode of tissue cultures to retain the kind matter of this kind of huge leafy cigarette strain, but tissue cultures cost is high, and easily produces somatic variation.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of breeding method of huge leafy tobacco bred, adopt the method that huge leafy cigarette strain can be impelled to cultivate comparatively prematurity season at routine growth, solve the problem of huge leafy kind in normal growth breeding in season difficulty.
Technical scheme provided by the invention: the breeding method of described a kind of huge leafy tobacco bred, is characterized in that: pinch when 30-40 sheet leaf is grown in cigarette strain, retaining cigarette strain base portion is 18-22 sheet to the place's of pinching number of sheets; After after pinching, cigarette strain grows axillalry bud, to the axillalry bud of stem top downward 2-5 sheet leaf, each axil healthy and strong axillalry bud of selecting and remain retains, unnecessary axillalry bud and downward 6th leaf of top and stem top and the intrafoliaceous axillalry bud of following blade thereof are all erased, enhance field management simultaneously, the axillalry bud selected and remain is cultivated into wooden fork cigarette; The flowers are in blossom at Dai Chayan center puts rear 2-3 days, and carrying out pruning to wooden fork cigarette and repair flower and reserve seed for planting, is shorten the breeding phase, ensure that seed is ripe under normal temperature, each wooden fork cigarette stays capsule numerical control within 20, and individual plant stays capsule numerical control within 80, when 70%-80% capsule pericarp is brown, get final product sowing.
In the inventive method, cigarette strain also comprises step of topdressing at Physical property and cigarette wooden fork squaring period, and employingization of topdressing water drenches to be executed, every mu of nitrogen topdressing amount 2-4 Kg, N:P
2o
5: K
2o=1:2.0-3.0:2.5-3.0, the ratio of Physical property and cigarette wooden fork topdressing amount in squaring period is 1:1, and Physical property dressing time is for the previous day of pinching is to pinching in latter 2 days, and cigarette wooden fork dressing time in squaring period is that the strain of 70%-80% cigarette has 2-3 cigarette wooden fork to budding.
In the inventive method, cigarette strain also comprises promotion axillary bud development and stimulates flower bud differentiation measure after pinching before cigarette wooden fork is buddingged; The measure of described promotion axillary bud development be pinch the same day and after pinching the 2nd day with containing 6-BA 50-100 mg/L, blade face containing the combination solution even spraying cigarette strain stem top downward 1-6 sheet leaf scope of NAA 10-20 mg/L, stem stalk and axil, or to dip in cotton balls, writing brush the same day of pinching and contain 6-BA 20-50 mg/L, be coated in downward 2-5 axil place, cigarette strain stem top containing the combination solution of NAA 5-10 mg/L; Described stimulation flower bud differentiation measure is after axillalry bud of selecting and remain, with containing 6-BA 20-50 mg/L, combination solution even spraying cigarette strain stem top downward 2-5 sheet intrafoliaceous axillalry bud 3-4 time containing NAA 5-10 mg/L, every spray in 5-7 days once, until cigarette wooden fork is buddingged.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
(1) the inventive method is pinched when 30-40 sheet leaf is grown in cigarette strain, stay leaf 18-22 sheet, impel axillary bud development, cultivate wooden fork cigarette, huge leafy cigarette strain can be made to yield positive results season at normal growth, huge leafy kind can be realized and carry out breeding season at routine growth, the difficult problem of reserving seed for planting of the huge leafy cigarette strain found can be solved again in breed breeding process.
(2) the inventive method is pinched when 30-40 sheet leaf is grown in cigarette strain and is stayed leaf 18-22 sheet, cultivates wooden fork cigarette, can guarantee huge leafy cigarette strain prematurity, and axillalry bud more manageability, with huge leafy kind for hybrid strain time, can florescence alternation on demand, and can hybrid seed production yields be improved.
(3) the inventive method controls each wooden fork cigarette and stays capsule number within 20, and individual plant stays capsule number within 80, to shorten the breeding phase, makes seed ripe under normal temperature, can ensure the quality of seed.
The inventive method is applicable to the huge leafy kinds of tobacco such as flue-cured tobacco, burley tobaccos, Maryland, local suncured tabacco or the breeding of cigarette strain and the hybrid seeding that is parent with its huge leafy kind.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.The test method used in following embodiment if no special instructions, is conventional method.
Embodiment one:
In late July, 2013, find a strain Multiblade individual plant in the K326 multiplication fields at tobacco Research Center breeding center, Hubei Province of Fang County of Hubei Province, blade reaches 38 and not yet buddings, and other cigarette strains of periphery are all yielded positive results.This cigarette strain except blade is less than normal than other cigarette strains of K326, plant type and leaf characteristic and K326 closely similar, variable rate technology is without any disease.So mark, treat that the independent bagging of Post flowering is reserved seed for planting.But due to workman's maloperation, this cigarette strain is pinched, stayed 22, leaf.So prepared when dipping in upper K326 breeding with cotton balls, writing brush containing 6-BA 20 mg/L, be coated in downward 2-5 axil place, cigarette strain stem top containing the combination solution of NAA 5 mg/L.Meanwhile, 2 Kg purity nitrogens, N:P is used by every mu
2o
5: K
2o=1:3:3 calculates, and changes water and imposes fertilizer special for tobacco (N:P
2o
5: K
2o=10::12:20) and potassium dihydrogen phosphate once, amount to every mu and use fertilizer special for tobacco 20 Kg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 3.5 Kg.After one week, find that this cigarette strain has grown axillalry bud, so retain the axillalry bud of stem top downward 2-5 sheet axil, and all the other axillalry buds are erased.Note management at ordinary times, axillalry bud is cultivated into cigarette wooden fork.In order to stimulate flower bud differentiation, final election retains after axillalry bud, with containing 6-BA 50 mg/L, combination solution even spraying cigarette strain stem top downward 2-5 sheet intrafoliaceous axillalry bud 3-4 time containing NAA 10 mg/L, sprays once, until cigarette wooden fork is buddingged every 5-7 days.Again drench by every mu of purity nitrogen 2 Kgization water when cigarette wooden fork is buddingged and execute fertilizer special for tobacco and potassium dihydrogen phosphate once, N:P
2o
5: K
2o=1:3:3.August 28, the flowers are in blossom at the first Ge Yancha center puts, 2-3 days subsequently, the middle disc flower also opening all in succession of all the other cigarette wooden forks, so by flower open on cigarette wooden fork, Chinese olive is thoroughly removed, retain cigarette strain stem 6, top leaf, each cigarette wooden fork retains 3-4 sheet leaf, and with 20% fenvalerate 2000-4000 times of liquid spraying cigarette wooden fork, control oriental tobacco budworm, then with long 35-40 cm, the specification of wide 25-30 cm is that 100-120 object nylon net bag bagging is reserved seed for planting, each cigarette wooden fork overlaps a mesh bag, within after bagging 15 days, carry out flower and fruit thinning, each cigarette wooden fork stays capsule 15-20, individual plant stays capsule number 72, and with 20% fenvalerate 2000-4000 times of liquid spraying cigarette wooden fork, control oriental tobacco budworm.Outstanding achievement is gathered in the crops when 80% capsule pericarp is brown.
Embodiment two:
In February, 2014, the seed of the Multiblade cigarette strain of results in embodiment one is sowed in breeding base, Yan Keyuan Lichuan, Hubei Province, emerge normal, Normal culture technique was adopted to plant 30 strains at Germplasm Resources on May 5, blade raw more than 30 sheets and not yet buddingged late July, so select good 10 strains of growing way to pinch, stay 18, leaf, intend being reserved seed for planting by wooden fork cigarette.All the other individual plants are not pinched, and give over to observe to record.Pinched the same day, with the blade face containing 6-BA 100 mg/L, cigarette strain stem top downward 1-6 sheet leaf scope of pinching containing the combination solution even spraying of NAA 10 mg/L prepared in advance, stem stalk and axil.Pinch the 2nd day, use 1 Kg purity nitrogen, N:P by every mu
2o
5: K
2o=1:2.0:2.5 calculates, and to pinching, cigarette strain water imposes fertilizer special for tobacco (N:P
2o
5: K
2o=10::12:20) and potassium dihydrogen phosphate once, amount to every mu and use fertilizer special for tobacco 10 Kg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.8 Kg.Pinch the 3rd day, with containing 6-BA 50 mg/L, containing NAA 20 mg/L combination solution again even spraying to pinch the blade face of cigarette strain stem top downward 1-6 sheet leaf scope, stem stalk and axil.After cigarette strain of pinching grows axillalry bud, before axillalry bud grows to 5 cm, to the axillalry bud of stem top downward 2-5 sheet leaf, each axil healthy and strong axillalry bud of selecting and remain retains, unnecessary axillalry bud and downward 6th leaf of top and stem top and the intrafoliaceous axillalry bud of following blade thereof are all erased, enhance field management simultaneously, the axillalry bud selected and remain is cultivated into wooden fork cigarette.In order to stimulate flower bud differentiation, final election retains after axillalry bud, with containing 6-BA 20 mg/L, combination solution even spraying cigarette strain stem top downward 2-5 sheet intrafoliaceous axillalry bud 3-4 time containing NAA 5 mg/L, sprays once, until cigarette wooden fork is buddingged every 5-7 days.When great majority pinch cigarette strain have 2-3 cigarette wooden fork to budding time, again drench by every mu of purity nitrogen 1 Kgization water and execute fertilizer special for tobacco and potassium dihydrogen phosphate once, N:P
2o
5: K
2o=1:3:3, amounts to every mu and uses fertilizer special for tobacco 10 Kg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1.8 Kg.On September, all cigarette Zhu Yancha center Huadu openings in succession of pinching in the middle ten days, now other kind cigarette strains have been gathered in the crops seed and have cut strain, do not have other tobacco bred cigarette strains within periphery 800 m, so determine do not carry out bagging and directly reserve seed for planting.The flowers are in blossom at Dai Chayan center puts rear 3-4 days, extract disc flower in cigarette wooden fork, and erase the side shoot of below the main inflorescence of cigarette wooden fork and secondary cigarette wooden fork, retain less than 3 and 3, cigarette wooden fork top 2-3 branch flower wooden fork, each cigarette wooden fork stays 20-25 to grow close flower, retain cigarette strain stem 6, top leaf, each cigarette wooden fork retains 3-4 sheet leaf simultaneously.Capsule 60-80 is stayed by cigarette strain growing way individual plant.Before cigarette wooden fork Post flowering to results outstanding achievement, with 20% fenvalerate 2000-4000 times of liquid spraying cigarette wooden fork 2-3 time, prevent and treat oriental tobacco budworm.Outstanding achievement is gathered in the crops when 70%-80% capsule pericarp is brown.Early October great majority cigarette strain of pinching all has gathered in the crops seed by cigarette wooden fork, and minority cigarette strain of pinching is later than also has gathered in the crops seed most mid-October.And do not pinch cigarette strain late October raw more or less a hundred blade still do not budding, until by the end of November also at differentiation blade, confirms 2013 be huge leafy type in the Multiblade cigarette strain of Fang County's discovery.
Claims (3)
1. a breeding method for huge leafy tobacco bred, is characterized in that: pinch when 30-40 sheet leaf is grown in cigarette strain, and retaining cigarette strain base portion is 18-22 sheet to the place's of pinching number of sheets; After after pinching, cigarette strain grows axillalry bud, to the axillalry bud of stem top downward 2-5 sheet leaf, each axil healthy and strong axillalry bud of selecting and remain retains, unnecessary axillalry bud and downward 6th leaf of top and stem top and the intrafoliaceous axillalry bud of following blade thereof are all erased, enhance field management simultaneously, the axillalry bud selected and remain is cultivated into wooden fork cigarette; The flowers are in blossom at Dai Chayan center puts rear 2-3 days, and carrying out pruning to wooden fork cigarette and repair flower and reserve seed for planting, is shorten the breeding phase, ensure that seed is ripe under normal temperature, each wooden fork cigarette stays capsule numerical control within 20, and individual plant stays capsule numerical control within 80, when 70%-80% capsule pericarp is brown, get final product sowing.
2. the breeding method of a kind of huge leafy tobacco bred according to claim 1, is characterized in that: cigarette strain also comprises step of topdressing at Physical property and cigarette wooden fork squaring period, and employingization of topdressing water drenches to be executed, every mu of nitrogen topdressing amount 2-4 Kg, N:P
2o
5: K
2o=1:2.0-3.0:2.5-3.0, the ratio of Physical property and cigarette wooden fork topdressing amount in squaring period is 1:1, and Physical property dressing time is for the previous day of pinching is to pinching in latter 2 days, and cigarette wooden fork dressing time in squaring period is that the strain of 70%-80% cigarette has 2-3 cigarette wooden fork to budding.
3. the breeding method of a kind of huge leafy tobacco bred according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: cigarette strain also comprises promotion axillary bud development and stimulates flower bud differentiation measure after pinching before cigarette wooden fork is buddingged; The measure of described promotion axillary bud development be pinch the same day and after pinching the 2nd day with containing 6-BA 50-100 mg/L, blade face containing the combination solution even spraying cigarette strain stem top downward 1-6 sheet leaf scope of NAA 10-20 mg/L, stem stalk and axil, or to dip in cotton balls, writing brush the same day of pinching and contain 6-BA 20-50 mg/L, be coated in downward 2-5 axil place, cigarette strain stem top containing the combination solution of NAA 5-10 mg/L; Described stimulation flower bud differentiation measure is after axillalry bud of selecting and remain, with containing 6-BA 20-50 mg/L, combination solution even spraying cigarette strain stem top downward 2-5 sheet intrafoliaceous axillalry bud 3-4 time containing NAA 5-10 mg/L, every spray in 5-7 days once, until cigarette wooden fork is buddingged.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510089514.3A CN104663215B (en) | 2015-02-27 | 2015-02-27 | A kind of breeding method of huge leafy tobacco bred |
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| CN201510089514.3A CN104663215B (en) | 2015-02-27 | 2015-02-27 | A kind of breeding method of huge leafy tobacco bred |
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| CN104663215A true CN104663215A (en) | 2015-06-03 |
| CN104663215B CN104663215B (en) | 2016-11-02 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105379538A (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2016-03-09 | 四川农业大学 | Method for restraining growth of tobacco axillary buds by injecting vegetable oil to degreasing cotton through syringe |
| CN107466840A (en) * | 2017-09-05 | 2017-12-15 | 湖南省烟草公司郴州市公司 | A kind of producing method for seed of flue-cured tobacco male sterile line kind |
| CN108323398A (en) * | 2018-01-25 | 2018-07-27 | 上海烟草集团有限责任公司 | Tobacco leaf cultural method and tobacco leaf |
| CN109699427A (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2019-05-03 | 湖北省烟草公司宜昌市公司 | A kind of burley tobaccos implantation methods improving upper smoke ratio |
-
2015
- 2015-02-27 CN CN201510089514.3A patent/CN104663215B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 王秀蓉: "短日照对烤烟多叶品种生长发育的影响", 《中国烟草科学》 * |
| 韩富根等: "不同留杈部位对烤烟性状及质量的影响", 《河南农业大学学报》 * |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105379538A (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2016-03-09 | 四川农业大学 | Method for restraining growth of tobacco axillary buds by injecting vegetable oil to degreasing cotton through syringe |
| CN107466840A (en) * | 2017-09-05 | 2017-12-15 | 湖南省烟草公司郴州市公司 | A kind of producing method for seed of flue-cured tobacco male sterile line kind |
| CN108323398A (en) * | 2018-01-25 | 2018-07-27 | 上海烟草集团有限责任公司 | Tobacco leaf cultural method and tobacco leaf |
| CN109699427A (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2019-05-03 | 湖北省烟草公司宜昌市公司 | A kind of burley tobaccos implantation methods improving upper smoke ratio |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN104663215B (en) | 2016-11-02 |
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