The harmless implantation methods of green of a kind of fertile mandarin orange seedling
Technical field
The present invention relates to the harmless implantation methods of green of a kind of fertile mandarin orange seedling.
Background technology
Fertile mandarin orange belongs to the one of citrus; 1. " fertile mandarin orange " cold resistance is medium, suitable year the oranges and tangerines producing region of samming more than 17.5 DEG C plant, require that winter minimum temperature is not less than 0 DEG C.2. can select fragrant citrus, red tangerine, trifoliate orange in producing, citrange cooked stock, there is incompatibility with trifoliate orange shaddock, avoid selecting trifoliate orange shaddock to do stock.In the area that heat is high, avoid selecting the surging stocks such as silent, the thick lemon of walka, in order to avoid fruit acidity is too low and make local flavor thin out.3. it is long that " fertile mandarin orange " growing way by force, fruit hangs the tree time, and comparatively large to the demand of rich water, answer heavy dressing base manure in production, base manure is based on the farmyard manure of putrid fermentation and composite fertilizer.Plant the improvement should strengthened soil, many organic fertilizers and phosphorus potash fertilizer in purple soil, barren slope, supplement zinc, fertiliser containing magnesium in right amount, ensure that blade and blade look dark green.4. " fertile mandarin orange " yielding ability is comparatively strong, and Fruit In Winter shedding is few, and hang tree function admirable, the fruit fruit picking phase is long, for avoiding the less than normal and biennial fruiting of fruit, should note fruit thinning and in good time fruit picking in production according to setting body load.
Fertile mandarin orange seedling culture method of the prior art is comparatively simple and crude, and growth of seedling is comparatively slow, and lethality is higher.
Based on the problems referred to above, need the breeding method that a kind of fertile mandarin orange seedling is provided, improve the growth rate of seedling, reduce the lethality in seedling culture process.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide the harmless implantation methods of green of a kind of fertile mandarin orange seedling, fertile mandarin orange seedling culture is carried out by using the method, the growth rate of fertile mandarin orange seedling is made to improve 30%-45%, make the lethality of fertile mandarin orange seedling reduce 15%-20%, greatly reduce the cultivation expense of fertile mandarin orange seedling, decrease the use of agricultural chemicals, add output to export, the branches and leaves of the fertile mandarin orange seedling simultaneously cultivated are full, and grow fine, the survival rate after transplanting is close to 88%.
For solving the problem, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
The harmless implantation methods of green of fertile mandarin orange seedling, comprises the following steps:
1) the choosing of seedling: the seedling choosing 10cm-15cm height, the trunk trunk diameter of selected seedling is 5mm-12mm, native ball is used to wrap up selected seedling, the diameter of soil ball is 10cm-15cm, the rhizome of seedling is all coated on the inside of native ball, then uses in the outside of native ball nylon wire to be wound around, avoids native ball to get loose in transportation, soil ball needs regularly to add moisture when transporting, and the high internal water retention of native ball is 25%-60%;
2) plantation of seedling: after the seedling covered with native bag being transported to plantation occasion, carry out plantation to prepare, first dig, the degree of depth of digging is 15cm-35cm, next carries out offering of irrigation canals and ditches, irrigation canals and ditches distance is digged place 15cm-20cm, the degree of depth of irrigation canals and ditches is 25cm-35cm, the width of irrigation canals and ditches is 15cm-20cm, then native ball is planted in and digs a little, the position of digging until native ball submerges completely, then use earth to cover native ball, carry out the sprinkling of moisture after having covered, make the water retention of planting some position at 45%-55%;
3) seedling is warming: the laying carrying out insulation material at the root position place of seedling, and insulation material is straw or cornstalk, and the laying depth of insulation material is 2cm-3cm;
4) supply of seedling nutrient: early stage uses chicken manure and cow dung, the supply of nutrient is completed by form chicken manure and cow dung being deposited in seedling root position, until growth of seedling is high to 25cm-45cm, the form using mid-term urea and composite fertilizer to coordinate completes the supply of nutrient, until growth of seedling is to 60cm-80cm, composite fertilizer's consumption of individual plant seedling is 10-35g, the amount of urea of individual plant seedling is 25-45g, the applying cycle is weekly, until growth of seedling is to 120cm-150cm, later stage uses the form of natural fertilizers to complete the supply of nutrient, supply cycle is 10-15 day/time, the adult plants until seedling has grown up, natural fertilizers are human excrement and urine and urine,
5) pruning in seedling developmental process: when growth of seedling is pruned to carrying out first time during 30-50cm height, first time prunes the limb and branches and leaves of mainly repairing and removing near rhizome position, the nutrient that guarantee root absorbs directly is supplied to the growth of plant, when growth of seedling is pruned to carrying out second time during 80-120cm height, second time prunes the limb and branches and leaves of mainly repairing and removing near root position place, next prune away limb and branches and leaves of being positioned at plant medium position place, when growth of seedling is pruned to carrying out third time during 150-200cm height, third time prunes mainly to repair and removes unnecessary large-scale limb, avoid the nutrient of large-scale limb hyperabsorption, improve the growth rate of plant and the sturdy degree of growth, after growth of seedling completes, carry out routine prune, conventional pruning was carried out in the annual 3-6 month, monthly prune at least one times, mainly prune away small-sized headtree, be beneficial to the nutrient supply of fruit,
6) control of damage by disease and insect: install insect killing lamp between each plant, the control range of single insect killing lamp is 3-5m, carries out native insecticidal by insect killing lamp, reduces the toxic action with plant, increase plant to the natural resistance of damage by disease and insect, increase the survival probability of plant.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: carry out fertile mandarin orange seedling culture by using the method, the growth rate of fertile mandarin orange seedling is made to improve 30%-45%, the lethality of fertile mandarin orange seedling is made to reduce 15%-20%, greatly reduce the cultivation expense of fertile mandarin orange seedling, decrease the use of agricultural chemicals, add output and export, the branches and leaves of the fertile mandarin orange seedling simultaneously cultivated are full, grow fine, the survival rate after transplanting is close to 88%.
Embodiment
Below the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail, can be easier to make advantages and features of the invention be readily appreciated by one skilled in the art, thus more explicit defining is made to protection scope of the present invention.
The harmless implantation methods of green of fertile mandarin orange seedling, comprises the following steps:
1) the choosing of seedling: the seedling choosing 10cm-15cm height, the trunk trunk diameter of selected seedling is 5mm-12mm, native ball is used to wrap up selected seedling, the diameter of soil ball is 10cm-15cm, the rhizome of seedling is all coated on the inside of native ball, then uses in the outside of native ball nylon wire to be wound around, avoids native ball to get loose in transportation, soil ball needs regularly to add moisture when transporting, and the high internal water retention of native ball is 25%-60%;
2) plantation of seedling: after the seedling covered with native bag being transported to plantation occasion, carry out plantation to prepare, first dig, the degree of depth of digging is 15cm-35cm, next carries out offering of irrigation canals and ditches, irrigation canals and ditches distance is digged place 15cm-20cm, the degree of depth of irrigation canals and ditches is 25cm-35cm, the width of irrigation canals and ditches is 15cm-20cm, then native ball is planted in and digs a little, the position of digging until native ball submerges completely, then use earth to cover native ball, carry out the sprinkling of moisture after having covered, make the water retention of planting some position at 45%-55%;
3) seedling is warming: the laying carrying out insulation material at the root position place of seedling, and insulation material is straw or cornstalk, and the laying depth of insulation material is 2cm-3cm;
4) supply of seedling nutrient: early stage uses chicken manure and cow dung, the supply of nutrient is completed by form chicken manure and cow dung being deposited in seedling root position, until growth of seedling is high to 25cm-45cm, the form using mid-term urea and composite fertilizer to coordinate completes the supply of nutrient, until growth of seedling is to 60cm-80cm, composite fertilizer's consumption of individual plant seedling is 10-35g, the amount of urea of individual plant seedling is 25-45g, the applying cycle is weekly, until growth of seedling is to 120cm-150cm, later stage uses the form of natural fertilizers to complete the supply of nutrient, supply cycle is 10-15 day/time, the adult plants until seedling has grown up, natural fertilizers are human excrement and urine and urine,
5) pruning in seedling developmental process: when growth of seedling is pruned to carrying out first time during 30-50cm height, first time prunes the limb and branches and leaves of mainly repairing and removing near rhizome position, the nutrient that guarantee root absorbs directly is supplied to the growth of plant, when growth of seedling is pruned to carrying out second time during 80-120cm height, second time prunes the limb and branches and leaves of mainly repairing and removing near root position place, next prune away limb and branches and leaves of being positioned at plant medium position place, when growth of seedling is pruned to carrying out third time during 150-200cm height, third time prunes mainly to repair and removes unnecessary large-scale limb, avoid the nutrient of large-scale limb hyperabsorption, improve the growth rate of plant and the sturdy degree of growth, after growth of seedling completes, carry out routine prune, conventional pruning was carried out in the annual 3-6 month, monthly prune at least one times, mainly prune away small-sized headtree, be beneficial to the nutrient supply of fruit,
6) control of damage by disease and insect: install insect killing lamp between each plant, the control range of single insect killing lamp is 3-5m, carries out native insecticidal by insect killing lamp, reduces the toxic action with plant, increase plant to the natural resistance of damage by disease and insect, increase the survival probability of plant.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: carry out fertile mandarin orange seedling culture by using the method, the growth rate of fertile mandarin orange seedling is made to improve 30%-45%, the lethality of fertile mandarin orange seedling is made to reduce 15%-20%, greatly reduce the cultivation expense of fertile mandarin orange seedling, decrease the use of agricultural chemicals, add output and export, the branches and leaves of the fertile mandarin orange seedling simultaneously cultivated are full, grow fine, the survival rate after transplanting is close to 88%.
Embodiment 1
1) the choosing of seedling: the seedling choosing 15cm height, the trunk trunk diameter of selected seedling is 12mm, native ball is used to wrap up selected seedling, the diameter of soil ball is 15cm, the rhizome of seedling is all coated on the inside of native ball, then uses in the outside of native ball nylon wire to be wound around, avoids native ball to get loose in transportation, soil ball needs regularly to add moisture when transporting, and the high internal water retention of native ball is 60%;
2) plantation of seedling: after the seedling covered with native bag being transported to plantation occasion, carries out plantation and prepares, first dig, the degree of depth of digging is 35cm, next carries out offering of irrigation canals and ditches, and irrigation canals and ditches distance is digged place 20cm, and the degree of depth of irrigation canals and ditches is 35cm, the width of irrigation canals and ditches is 20cm, then native ball is planted in and digs a little, the position of digging until native ball submerges completely, then use earth to cover native ball, carry out the sprinkling of moisture after having covered, make the water retention of planting some position 55%;
3) seedling is warming: the laying carrying out insulation material at the root position place of seedling, and insulation material is straw or cornstalk, and the laying depth of insulation material is 3cm;
4) supply of seedling nutrient: early stage uses chicken manure and cow dung, the supply of nutrient is completed by form chicken manure and cow dung being deposited in seedling root position, until growth of seedling is high to 45cm, the form using mid-term urea and composite fertilizer to coordinate completes the supply of nutrient, until growth of seedling is to 80cm, composite fertilizer's consumption of individual plant seedling is 35g, the amount of urea of individual plant seedling is 45g, the applying cycle is weekly, until growth of seedling is to 150cm, later stage uses the form of natural fertilizers to complete the supply of nutrient, supply cycle is 15 days/time, the adult plants until seedling has grown up, natural fertilizers are human excrement and urine and urine,
5) pruning in seedling developmental process: when growth of seedling is pruned to carrying out first time during 50cm height, first time prunes the limb and branches and leaves of mainly repairing and removing near rhizome position, the nutrient that guarantee root absorbs directly is supplied to the growth of plant, when growth of seedling is pruned to carrying out second time during 120cm height, second time prunes the limb and branches and leaves of mainly repairing and removing near root position place, next prune away limb and branches and leaves of being positioned at plant medium position place, when growth of seedling is pruned to carrying out third time during 200cm height, third time prunes mainly to repair and removes unnecessary large-scale limb, avoid the nutrient of large-scale limb hyperabsorption, improve the growth rate of plant and the sturdy degree of growth, after growth of seedling completes, carry out routine prune, conventional pruning was carried out in the annual 3-6 month, monthly prune at least one times, mainly prune away small-sized headtree, be beneficial to the nutrient supply of fruit,
6) control of damage by disease and insect: install insect killing lamp between each plant, the control range of single insect killing lamp is 3-5m, carries out native insecticidal by insect killing lamp, reduces the toxic action with plant, increase plant to the natural resistance of damage by disease and insect, increase the survival probability of plant.
Fertile mandarin orange seedling culture is carried out by using the method, the growth rate of fertile mandarin orange seedling is made to improve 45%, the lethality of fertile mandarin orange seedling is made to reduce by 20%, greatly reduce the cultivation expense of fertile mandarin orange seedling, decrease the use of agricultural chemicals, add output and export, the branches and leaves of the fertile mandarin orange seedling simultaneously cultivated are full, grow fine, the survival rate after transplanting is close to 88%.
Embodiment 2
1) the choosing of seedling: the seedling choosing 10cm height, the trunk trunk diameter of selected seedling is 5mm, native ball is used to wrap up selected seedling, the diameter of soil ball is 10cm, the rhizome of seedling is all coated on the inside of native ball, then uses in the outside of native ball nylon wire to be wound around, avoids native ball to get loose in transportation, soil ball needs regularly to add moisture when transporting, and the high internal water retention of native ball is 25%;
2) plantation of seedling: after the seedling covered with native bag being transported to plantation occasion, carries out plantation and prepares, first dig, the degree of depth of digging is 15cm, next carries out offering of irrigation canals and ditches, and irrigation canals and ditches distance is digged place 15cm, and the degree of depth of irrigation canals and ditches is 25cm, the width of irrigation canals and ditches is 15cm, then native ball is planted in and digs a little, the position of digging until native ball submerges completely, then use earth to cover native ball, carry out the sprinkling of moisture after having covered, make the water retention of planting some position 45%;
3) seedling is warming: the laying carrying out insulation material at the root position place of seedling, and insulation material is straw or cornstalk, and the laying depth of insulation material is 2cm;
4) supply of seedling nutrient: early stage uses chicken manure and cow dung, the supply of nutrient is completed by form chicken manure and cow dung being deposited in seedling root position, until growth of seedling is high to 25cm, the form using mid-term urea and composite fertilizer to coordinate completes the supply of nutrient, until growth of seedling is to 60cm, composite fertilizer's consumption of individual plant seedling is 10g, the amount of urea of individual plant seedling is 25g, the applying cycle is weekly, until growth of seedling is to 120cm, later stage uses the form of natural fertilizers to complete the supply of nutrient, supply cycle is 10 days/time, the adult plants until seedling has grown up, natural fertilizers are human excrement and urine and urine,
5) pruning in seedling developmental process: when growth of seedling is pruned to carrying out first time during 50cm height, first time prunes the limb and branches and leaves of mainly repairing and removing near rhizome position, the nutrient that guarantee root absorbs directly is supplied to the growth of plant, when growth of seedling is pruned to carrying out second time during 120cm height, second time prunes the limb and branches and leaves of mainly repairing and removing near root position place, next prune away limb and branches and leaves of being positioned at plant medium position place, when growth of seedling is pruned to carrying out third time during 200cm height, third time prunes mainly to repair and removes unnecessary large-scale limb, avoid the nutrient of large-scale limb hyperabsorption, improve the growth rate of plant and the sturdy degree of growth, after growth of seedling completes, carry out routine prune, conventional pruning was carried out in the annual 3-6 month, monthly prune at least one times, mainly prune away small-sized headtree, be beneficial to the nutrient supply of fruit,
6) control of damage by disease and insect: install insect killing lamp between each plant, the control range of single insect killing lamp is 5m, carries out native insecticidal by insect killing lamp, reduces the toxic action with plant, increases plant to the natural resistance of damage by disease and insect, increases the survival probability of plant.
Fertile mandarin orange seedling culture is carried out by using the method, the growth rate of fertile mandarin orange seedling is made to improve 30%, the lethality of fertile mandarin orange seedling is made to reduce by 20%, greatly reduce the cultivation expense of fertile mandarin orange seedling, decrease the use of agricultural chemicals, add output and export, the branches and leaves of the fertile mandarin orange seedling simultaneously cultivated are full, grow fine, the survival rate after transplanting is close to 88%.
Embodiment 3
1) the choosing of seedling: the seedling choosing 13cm height, the trunk trunk diameter of selected seedling is 12mm, native ball is used to wrap up selected seedling, the diameter of soil ball is 10cm, the rhizome of seedling is all coated on the inside of native ball, then uses in the outside of native ball nylon wire to be wound around, avoids native ball to get loose in transportation, soil ball needs regularly to add moisture when transporting, and the high internal water retention of native ball is 50%;
2) plantation of seedling: after the seedling covered with native bag being transported to plantation occasion, carries out plantation and prepares, first dig, the degree of depth of digging is 25cm, next carries out offering of irrigation canals and ditches, and irrigation canals and ditches distance is digged place 15cm, and the degree of depth of irrigation canals and ditches is 35cm, the width of irrigation canals and ditches is 20cm, then native ball is planted in and digs a little, the position of digging until native ball submerges completely, then use earth to cover native ball, carry out the sprinkling of moisture after having covered, make the water retention of planting some position 45%;
3) seedling is warming: the laying carrying out insulation material at the root position place of seedling, and insulation material is straw or cornstalk, and the laying depth of insulation material is 2cm;
4) supply of seedling nutrient: early stage uses chicken manure and cow dung, the supply of nutrient is completed by form chicken manure and cow dung being deposited in seedling root position, until growth of seedling is high to 45cm, the form using mid-term urea and composite fertilizer to coordinate completes the supply of nutrient, until growth of seedling is to 60cm, composite fertilizer's consumption of individual plant seedling is 10g, the amount of urea of individual plant seedling is 45g, the applying cycle is weekly, until growth of seedling is to 150cm, later stage uses the form of natural fertilizers to complete the supply of nutrient, supply cycle is 10 days/time, the adult plants until seedling has grown up, natural fertilizers are human excrement and urine and urine,
5) pruning in seedling developmental process: when growth of seedling is pruned to carrying out first time during 50cm height, first time prunes the limb and branches and leaves of mainly repairing and removing near rhizome position, the nutrient that guarantee root absorbs directly is supplied to the growth of plant, when growth of seedling is pruned to carrying out second time during 80cm height, second time prunes the limb and branches and leaves of mainly repairing and removing near root position place, next prune away limb and branches and leaves of being positioned at plant medium position place, when growth of seedling is pruned to carrying out third time during 200cm height, third time prunes mainly to repair and removes unnecessary large-scale limb, avoid the nutrient of large-scale limb hyperabsorption, improve the growth rate of plant and the sturdy degree of growth, after growth of seedling completes, carry out routine prune, conventional pruning was carried out in annual June, monthly prune at least one times, mainly prune away small-sized headtree, be beneficial to the nutrient supply of fruit,
6) control of damage by disease and insect: install insect killing lamp between each plant, the control range of single insect killing lamp is 3m, carries out native insecticidal by insect killing lamp, reduces the toxic action with plant, increases plant to the natural resistance of damage by disease and insect, increases the survival probability of plant.
Fertile mandarin orange seedling culture is carried out by using the method, the growth rate of fertile mandarin orange seedling is made to improve 45%, the lethality of fertile mandarin orange seedling is made to reduce by 20%, greatly reduce the cultivation expense of fertile mandarin orange seedling, decrease the use of agricultural chemicals, add output and export, the branches and leaves of the fertile mandarin orange seedling simultaneously cultivated are full, grow fine, the survival rate after transplanting is close to 88%.
More than show and describe general principle of the present invention, principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technical staff of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; what describe in above-described embodiment and specification just illustrates principle of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.Application claims protection domain is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.