CN105146086A - Silage preparation method - Google Patents
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- CN105146086A CN105146086A CN201510570166.1A CN201510570166A CN105146086A CN 105146086 A CN105146086 A CN 105146086A CN 201510570166 A CN201510570166 A CN 201510570166A CN 105146086 A CN105146086 A CN 105146086A
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- silage
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
The invention discloses a silage preparation method, wherein a plurality of rectangular grooves are uniformly distributed on the four side inner wall of a silage silo for storing silage, each rectangular groove comprises quicklime in the groove and a rectangular baffle for blocking the rectangular groove, and the rectangular baffle is provided with a plurality of circular small holes; the bottom portion of the silage silo consists of a long strip-shaped drainage ditch arranged in the middle and symmetrical slopes arranged on the two sides of the drainage ditch along the length direction of the drainage ditch, corn stalks and air-dried leguminous grass are cut and loaded into the silage silo, compaction by stepping is performed while loading, then the top is sealed for fermentation and finally the silage silo is opened to obtain silage. Since the rectangular grooves and the drainage ditch are arranged in the silage silo in the method disclosed by the invention, the content of flavatin b1 in the silage is reduced, the rotting rate of the silage is reduced and the number of fungi in the silage is also reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to feed producing method, more particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of ensilage.
Background technology
Ensilage is sealed in horizental silo by the greenfeed of the short compacting of hand hay cutter, a kind of green succulent feed made by fermentable effect, ensilage quality is soft, fragrant acid is agreeable to the taste, and domestic animal is liked to eat, and is easy to digestion, be convenient to long-term preservation simultaneously, as long as storage cellar for storing things air tight, do not intake, can be not bad for a long time, be the important sources of feed in winter.
Along with the development of Livestock industry, high quality grass, forage crop become the basis developing efficient animal husbandry, therefore, development space and the prospect of ensilage will be more wide, more be conducive to the sound development of animal husbandry, phytophage livestock culturing benefit and product qualities such as improving cattle and sheep will be become, improve the effective way of product competitiveness and unit planting benefit.
But, current ensilage during the fermentation local is easily mouldy and rotten, particularly top, bottom and edge go mouldy, Decay is serious, make the amount reproduction of mould and spoilage organisms, and owing to there being a large amount of miscellaneous bacterias to exist, when cellar for storing things opened by ensilage, be easy to be formed secondary fermentation, to take food on cross section kainogenesis mildew or mouldy in flakes, can cause time in bad order and thoroughly go mouldy, rot.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is the defect that solves the problem, and the advantage will illustrated after providing.
A further object of the invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of ensilage, rectangular recess and gutter is established by the horizental silo of storing feed in preparation process, reduce the mould variability of feed, decrease the fungi in ensilage, and easy and simple to handle.
In order to realize, according to these objects of the present invention and other advantage, providing a kind of preparation method of ensilage, comprise the following steps:
Step one: spread the thick maize straw of 10 ~ 15cm bottom horizental silo, the heatable adobe sleeping platform of described horizental silo to be the degree of depth be 2m, described heatable adobe sleeping platform comprises four sides inwall and bottom, four sides inwall is all identical angle with ground, it is 120 ° ~ 150 °, four sides inwall is connected with bottom, four sides inwall is evenly distributed with the rectangular recess that multiple degree of depth is 3 ~ 8cm, described rectangular recess comprises the rectangle baffle plate of quick lime in groove and shutoff rectangular recess, wherein, described rectangle baffle plate is shutoff to be opened/closed, described rectangle baffle plate is provided with multiple circular aperture,
Bottom is by being arranged on middle strip gutter and forming along the symmetrical slope that described gutter length direction is arranged at both sides, gutter, described bottom is made to be a concave shape, the width in described gutter is 20 ~ 35cm, in 165 ° ~ 172 ° angles between described slope and described gutter;
All use cement plastering smooth four sides inwall and bottom, then remove rectangular recess place at horizental silo four sides inwall and lay plastic sheeting;
Step 2: the leguminous forage of gathering in the pregnant flower bud phase, by leguminous forage airing 3 ~ 4h, at milk stage harvesting corn stalk, then the leguminous forage after maize straw and airing is shredded by quality proportioning 1: 1, wherein, leguminous forage chopping is to every section of 3 ~ 5cm, and shredding corn stalk is to long 1 ~ 2cm, after chopping, mixing, obtains compound;
Step 3: described compound is filled in horizental silo, during filling compound, filling limit, limit is treaded, and it is 400 ~ 600Kg that every cubic metre of horizental silo stores the mixture quality treaded, until bind when exceeding horizental silo edge 65 ~ 75cm, one deck maize straw is first spread when binding, add layer of plastic film again, earthing sealing is steady and sure, and thickness of earth covering is 50cm, floating whole with mud after earthing, by horizental silo sealing and fermenting after 45 ~ 55 days, at one end Kai Jiao that horizental silo is leeward, obtain described ensilage.
Preferably, gutter described in step one is provided with floor drain.
Preferably, step one is front through pretreatment with covering plastic thin film described in step 3: dry after plastic sheeting is soaked 1 ~ 2h in Chinese medicine mixed liquor;
The preparation method of described Chinese medicine mixed liquor is: after being mashed by the garlic of 1 weight portion, the distilled water adding 10 weight portions is squeezed the juice, filtration obtains the first filtrate, first filtrate is divided into 2 parts of identical second filtrates, after the orange peel of 3 weight portions is pulverized, after infiltrating 35 ~ 45min in a second filtrate wherein, evaporate to dryness at 45 ~ 55 DEG C, what add a second filtrate and 1 weight portion in addition is ground to pulverous borneol, then the volume fraction adding 1 weight portion is the alcohol of 75% and the distilled water of 20 weight portions, 40 ~ 50min is maintained at 60 ~ 65 DEG C, filter, obtain the 3rd filtrate and filter residue, 3rd filtrate is Chinese medicine mixed liquor, after filter residue is drained completely, lay after mixing with the maize straw bottom horizental silo in step one.
Preferably, before in step 2, maize straw and leguminous forage are shredded, after first getting 3% ~ 6% chopping of maize straw gross mass, inoculating lactic acid bacterium wherein, stir 0 ~ 4 DEG C of lower seal fermentation 1 ~ 2 day after adding molasses, add wherein after shredding 2% ~ 3% of leguminous forage gross mass, namely 30 ~ 33 DEG C of sealing and fermenting obtain lactobacillus-fermented material in 8 ~ 10 days, the quality of molasses and the mass ratio of maize straw gross mass are 1: 10000, described lactobacillus-fermented material is added the compound described in step 2, mix, then carry out described step 3.
Preferably, the inoculum concentration of lactic acid bacteria is that to inoculate bacterium number in every kg corn stalk be 10
8individual viable bacteria.
Preferably, in step 2 after maize straw and leguminous forage chopping mixing, add auxiliary material, described auxiliary material is sucrose, formic acid, amylase, cellulase, urea, any one or more in ammonium sulfate and ammonium chloride.
Preferably, auxiliary material described in step 2 is sucrose, and the mass ratio of compound and described sucrose is 100: 2 ~ 3.
Preferably, auxiliary material described in step 2 is formic acid, and compound per ton adds 3 ~ 4Kg formic acid.
Preferably, in step 3 before compound filling, in described compound, add roughage, the water content being adjusted to compound is 70% ~ 75%.
The present invention at least comprises following beneficial effect:
1, treading after ensilage filling is air in order to get rid of feed gap, and reducing voidage can be the good environment of lactobacillus-fermented creation anaerobism, is conducive to the carrying out of fermentation.First spread stalk when binding, add thin film earthing sealing again, ensure that sealing is good, open cellar for storing things and carry out in one end that horizental silo is leeward, reduce the feed taking food cross section and cause the possibility of going mouldy, at utmost reduce the mould variability of feed.
2, horizental silo four sides inwall is all identical angle with ground, it is 120 ° ~ 150 °, horizental silo can be utilized to greatest extent to store feed, take out feed after being convenient to out cellar for storing things simultaneously, quick lime has been sealed up for safekeeping in the rectangular recess that four sides inwall distributes, by a certain amount of quick lime of rectangle baffle plate shutoff to be opened/closed, can ensure that feed water content does not exceed 75%, reduce the mould variability of feed, also there is certain effect killing harmful bacteria except lactic acid bacteria and fungi simultaneously, decrease the fungi in ensilage, rectangle baffle plate is provided with multiple circular aperture and ensures that quick lime can play water sorption smoothly.
3, the gutter arranged bottom horizental silo and the symmetrical slope being arranged at both sides, gutter ensure that unnecessary moisture is discharged smoothly, going rotten of ensilage can not be caused, simultaneously the arranging of slope of bottom easilier than the smooth bottom of routine takes out feed, convenient operation.
4, Chinese medicine mixed liquor with orange peel, borneol, garlic for key component, the active ingredients such as hesperidine wherein, borneol, allicin have good killing action to Aspergillus flavus and other fungies, plastic sheeting is soaked in Chinese medicine mixed liquor, after extracting, the content decreasing harmful substance flavatin b1 in feed is used in Chinese medicine mixed liquor, reduce the mould variability of feed, decrease the fungi in feed simultaneously.
5, molasses are added after inoculating lactic acid bacterium, first 0 ~ 4 DEG C of lower seal fermentation 1 ~ 2 day, in molasses, sugar content is high, mouthfeel is good, and it is cheap, containing vitamin, mineral matter, mycoprotein, nucleic acid, the composition such as surface-active substance and somatomedin, can promote that livestock and poultry are to the absorption of mineral matter and utilization, can in the fermentation of fermentation initial stage promotion lactic acid bacteria, the survival rate that lactic acid bacteria is higher is fully ensured at 0 ~ 4 DEG C, then 30 ~ 33 DEG C of fermentations 8 ~ 10 days, fermentation is fully carried out obtaining the lactobacillus-fermented material containing multiple nutrients material, this kind first get part maize straw and leguminous forage fermentation obtain lactobacillus-fermented material after, the mode of mixing compound makes lactic acid bacteria fully to ferment, preparation method of the present invention improves the percentage by weight that lactic acid in ensilage accounts for total acid, obtained ensilage pH is 3.6 ~ 3.7, for colory ensilage, the nutrient component damages of feed is few, there is good palatability, this kind of preparation method also saves lactic acid bacteria culturers simultaneously.
Part is embodied by explanation below by other advantage of the present invention, target and feature, part also will by research and practice of the present invention by those skilled in the art is understood.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of horizental silo of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further detail, can implement according to this with reference to description word to make those skilled in the art.
Embodiment 1
Step one, make Chinese medicine mixed liquor, its preparation method is: after being mashed by the garlic of 1 weight portion, the distilled water adding 10 weight portions is squeezed the juice, filtration obtains the first filtrate, first filtrate is divided into 2 parts of identical second filtrates, after the orange peel of 3 weight portions is pulverized, after infiltrating 35min in a second filtrate wherein, evaporate to dryness at 45 DEG C, what add a second filtrate and 1 weight portion in addition is ground to pulverous borneol, then the volume fraction adding 1 weight portion is the alcohol of 75% and the distilled water of 20 weight portions, 40min is maintained at 60 DEG C, filter, obtain the 3rd filtrate and filter residue, 3rd filtrate is Chinese medicine mixed liquor.
Dry for subsequent use after plastic sheeting is soaked 1h in Chinese medicine mixed liquor.After being drained completely by filter residue, be laid on horizental silo bottom after mixing with maize straw, laying depth is 10cm.
Be illustrated in figure 1 the structural representation of horizental silo, the heatable adobe sleeping platform of described horizental silo to be the degree of depth be 2m, described heatable adobe sleeping platform comprises four sides inwall 1 and bottom 2, four sides inwall 1 is all identical angle with ground, it is 120 °, four sides inwall 1 is connected with bottom 2, four sides inwall 1 is evenly distributed with the rectangular recess 110 that multiple degree of depth is 3cm, described rectangular recess 110 comprises the rectangle baffle plate of quick lime in groove and shutoff rectangular recess 110, wherein, described rectangle baffle plate is shutoff to be opened/closed, and described rectangle baffle plate is provided with multiple circular aperture.
Bottom 2 is by being arranged on middle strip gutter 210 and forming along the symmetrical slope 220 that described gutter 210 length direction is arranged at both sides, gutter 210, make described bottom 2 in a concave shape, the width in described gutter 210 is 20cm, described gutter 210 is provided with floor drain 230, in 165 ° of angles between described slope 220 and described gutter 210.
All use cement plastering smooth four sides inwall and bottom, then remove rectangular recess place at horizental silo four sides inwall and lay plastic sheeting for subsequent use.
Step 2: the leguminous forage of gathering in the pregnant flower bud phase, by leguminous forage airing 3h, at milk stage harvesting corn stalk, after first getting 3% chopping of maize straw gross mass, inoculating lactic acid bacterium wherein, the inoculum concentration of lactic acid bacteria is that to inoculate bacterium number in every kg corn stalk be 10
8individual viable bacteria, stir after adding molasses and to ferment 1 day at 0 DEG C of lower seal, will 2% of the leguminous forage gross mass after airing shred after add wherein, namely 30 DEG C of sealing and fermenting obtain lactobacillus-fermented material in 8 days, wherein, the quality of molasses and the mass ratio of maize straw gross mass are 1: 10000.
Then the leguminous forage after maize straw and airing is shredded by quality proportioning 1: 1, wherein, leguminous forage chopping is to every section of 3cm, and shredding corn stalk, to long 1cm, mixes after chopping, obtain compound, added after in described compound by described lactobacillus-fermented material, after adding sucrose, the water content regulating feed with roughage is 70%, mix, wherein the mass ratio of compound and described sucrose is 100: 2.
Step 3: after mixing, feed fills in horizental silo, filling limit, limit is treaded, and after every cubic metre of horizental silo stores the mixing of treading, feeding quality is 400Kg, until bind when exceeding horizental silo edge 65cm, one deck maize straw is first spread when binding, add the plastic sheeting that one deck is for subsequent use again, earthing sealing is steady and sure, and thickness of earth covering is 50cm, floating whole with mud after earthing, by horizental silo sealing and fermenting after 45 days, at one end Kai Jiao that horizental silo is leeward, obtain described ensilage.
Embodiment 2
Step one, make Chinese medicine mixed liquor, its preparation method is: after being mashed by the garlic of 1 weight portion, the distilled water adding 10 weight portions is squeezed the juice, filtration obtains the first filtrate, first filtrate is divided into 2 parts of identical second filtrates, after the orange peel of 3 weight portions is pulverized, after infiltrating 45min in a second filtrate wherein, evaporate to dryness at 55 DEG C, what add a second filtrate and 1 weight portion in addition is ground to pulverous borneol, then the volume fraction adding 1 weight portion is the alcohol of 75% and the distilled water of 20 weight portions, 50min is maintained at 65 DEG C, filter, obtain the 3rd filtrate and filter residue, 3rd filtrate is Chinese medicine mixed liquor.
Dry for subsequent use after plastic sheeting is soaked 2h in Chinese medicine mixed liquor.After being drained completely by filter residue, be laid on horizental silo bottom after mixing with maize straw, laying depth is 15cm.
The heatable adobe sleeping platform of described horizental silo to be the degree of depth be 2m, described heatable adobe sleeping platform comprises four sides inwall and bottom, four sides inwall is all identical angle with ground, be 150 °, four sides inwall is connected with bottom, and four sides inwall is evenly distributed with the rectangular recess that multiple degree of depth is 8cm, described rectangular recess comprises the rectangle baffle plate of quick lime in groove and shutoff rectangular recess, wherein, described rectangle baffle plate is shutoff to be opened/closed, and described rectangle baffle plate is provided with multiple circular aperture.
Bottom is by being arranged on middle strip gutter and forming along the symmetrical slope that described gutter length direction is arranged at both sides, gutter, described bottom is made to be a concave shape, the width in described gutter is 35cm, described gutter is provided with floor drain, in 172 ° of angles between described slope and described gutter.
All use cement plastering smooth four sides inwall and bottom, then remove rectangular recess place at horizental silo four sides inwall and lay plastic sheeting for subsequent use.
Step 2: the leguminous forage of gathering in the pregnant flower bud phase, by leguminous forage airing 4h, at milk stage harvesting corn stalk, after first getting 6% chopping of maize straw gross mass, inoculating lactic acid bacterium wherein, the inoculum concentration of lactic acid bacteria is that to inoculate bacterium number in every kg corn stalk be 10
8individual viable bacteria, stir after adding molasses and to ferment 2 days at 4 DEG C of lower seals, will 3% of the leguminous forage gross mass after airing shred after add wherein, namely 33 DEG C of sealing and fermenting obtain lactobacillus-fermented material in 10 days, wherein, the quality of molasses and the mass ratio of maize straw gross mass are 1: 10000.
Then the leguminous forage after maize straw and airing is shredded by quality proportioning 1: 1, wherein, leguminous forage chopping is to every section of 5cm, and shredding corn stalk, to long 2cm, mixes after chopping, obtain compound, added after in described compound by described lactobacillus-fermented material, after adding sucrose, the water content regulating feed with roughage is 75%, mix, wherein the mass ratio of compound and described sucrose is 100: 3.
Step 3: after mixing, feed fills in horizental silo, filling limit, limit is treaded, and after every cubic metre of horizental silo stores the mixing of treading, feeding quality is 600Kg, until bind when exceeding horizental silo edge 75cm, one deck maize straw is first spread when binding, add the plastic sheeting that one deck is for subsequent use again, earthing sealing is steady and sure, and thickness of earth covering is 50cm, floating whole with mud after earthing, by horizental silo sealing and fermenting after 55 days, at one end Kai Jiao that horizental silo is leeward, obtain described ensilage.
Embodiment 3
Step one, make Chinese medicine mixed liquor, its preparation method is: after being mashed by the garlic of 1 weight portion, the distilled water adding 10 weight portions is squeezed the juice, filtration obtains the first filtrate, first filtrate is divided into 2 parts of identical second filtrates, after the orange peel of 3 weight portions is pulverized, after infiltrating 40min in a second filtrate wherein, evaporate to dryness at 50 DEG C, what add a second filtrate and 1 weight portion in addition is ground to pulverous borneol, then the volume fraction adding 1 weight portion is the alcohol of 75% and the distilled water of 20 weight portions, 45min is maintained at 62 DEG C, filter, obtain the 3rd filtrate and filter residue, 3rd filtrate is Chinese medicine mixed liquor.
Dry for subsequent use after plastic sheeting is soaked 1.5h in Chinese medicine mixed liquor.After being drained completely by filter residue, be laid on horizental silo bottom after mixing with maize straw, laying depth is 12cm.
The heatable adobe sleeping platform of described horizental silo to be the degree of depth be 2m, described heatable adobe sleeping platform comprises four sides inwall and bottom, four sides inwall is all identical angle with ground, be 130 °, four sides inwall is connected with bottom, and four sides inwall is evenly distributed with the rectangular recess that multiple degree of depth is 5cm, described rectangular recess comprises the rectangle baffle plate of quick lime in groove and shutoff rectangular recess, wherein, described rectangle baffle plate is shutoff to be opened/closed, and described rectangle baffle plate is provided with multiple circular aperture.
Bottom is by being arranged on middle strip gutter and forming along the symmetrical slope that described gutter length direction is arranged at both sides, gutter, described bottom is made to be a concave shape, the width in described gutter is 30cm, described gutter is provided with floor drain, in 170 ° of angles between described slope and described gutter.
All use cement plastering smooth four sides inwall and bottom, then remove rectangular recess place at horizental silo four sides inwall and lay plastic sheeting for subsequent use.
Step 2: the leguminous forage of gathering in the pregnant flower bud phase, by leguminous forage airing 3.5h, at milk stage harvesting corn stalk, after first getting 5% chopping of maize straw gross mass, inoculating lactic acid bacterium wherein, the inoculum concentration of lactic acid bacteria is that to inoculate bacterium number in every kg corn stalk be 10
8individual viable bacteria, stir after adding molasses and to ferment 2 days at 2 DEG C of lower seals, will 2% of the leguminous forage gross mass after airing shred after add wherein, namely 32 DEG C of sealing and fermenting obtain lactobacillus-fermented material in 9 days, wherein, the quality of molasses and the mass ratio of maize straw gross mass are 1: 10000.
Then the leguminous forage after maize straw and airing is shredded by quality proportioning 1: 1, wherein, leguminous forage chopping is to every section of 4cm, and shredding corn stalk, to long 2cm, mixes after chopping, obtain compound, added after in described compound by described lactobacillus-fermented material, after adding sucrose, the water content regulating feed with roughage is 72%, mix, wherein the mass ratio of compound and described sucrose is 100: 2.
Step 3: after mixing, feed fills in horizental silo, filling limit, limit is treaded, and after every cubic metre of horizental silo stores the mixing of treading, feeding quality is 500Kg, until bind when exceeding horizental silo edge 70cm, one deck maize straw is first spread when binding, add the plastic sheeting that one deck is for subsequent use again, earthing sealing is steady and sure, and thickness of earth covering is 50cm, floating whole with mud after earthing, by horizental silo sealing and fermenting after 50 days, at one end Kai Jiao that horizental silo is leeward, obtain described ensilage.
In order to effect of the present invention is described, inventor selects identical ensilage raw materials, wherein a part adopts the preparation method of the ensilage in embodiments of the invention 3, another part adopts common preparation method, the horizental silo storing feed in preparation process does not establish rectangular recess and gutter, the plastic sheeting used is without the pretreated general thin of Chinese medicine mixed liquor, and do not make lactobacillus-fermented material and add in compound, all the other are all identical with the preparation method in embodiment 3, measure related data as follows:
Table 1 ensilage measures
As can be seen from Table 1, the preparation method of ensilage of the present invention is adopted to compare with common preparation method, in the preparation method of ensilage of the present invention, owing to being provided with rectangular recess and gutter, the plastic sheeting used is for through the pretreated film of Chinese medicine mixed liquor, decrease the content of flavatin b1 in ensilage, reduce the mould variability of ensilage, decrease the fungi in ensilage simultaneously, making lactobacillus-fermented material is added in compound, improve the percentage by weight that lactic acid in ensilage accounts for total acid, obtained ensilage pH is 3.6 ~ 3.7, the crude protein content of ensilage is high, nutrient component damages is few, it is colory ensilage.
Although embodiment of the present invention are open as above, but it is not restricted to listed in description and embodiment utilization, it can be applied to various applicable the field of the invention completely, for those skilled in the art, can easily realize other amendment, therefore do not deviating under the universal that claim and equivalency range limit, the present invention is not limited to specific details and illustrates here and the embodiment described.
Claims (9)
1. a preparation method for ensilage, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
Step one: spread the thick maize straw of 10 ~ 15cm bottom horizental silo, the heatable adobe sleeping platform of described horizental silo to be the degree of depth be 2m, described heatable adobe sleeping platform comprises four sides inwall and bottom, four sides inwall is all identical angle with ground, it is 120 ° ~ 150 °, four sides inwall is connected with bottom, four sides inwall is evenly distributed with the rectangular recess that multiple degree of depth is 3 ~ 8cm, described rectangular recess comprises the rectangle baffle plate of quick lime in groove and shutoff rectangular recess, wherein, described rectangle baffle plate is shutoff to be opened/closed, described rectangle baffle plate is provided with multiple circular aperture,
Bottom is by being arranged on middle strip gutter and forming along the symmetrical slope that described gutter length direction is arranged at both sides, gutter, described bottom is made to be a concave shape, the width in described gutter is 20 ~ 35cm, in 165 ° ~ 172 ° angles between described slope and described gutter;
All use cement plastering smooth four sides inwall and bottom, then remove rectangular recess place at horizental silo four sides inwall and lay plastic sheeting;
Step 2: the leguminous forage of gathering in the pregnant flower bud phase, by leguminous forage airing 3 ~ 4h, at milk stage harvesting corn stalk, then the leguminous forage after maize straw and airing is shredded by quality proportioning 1: 1, wherein, leguminous forage chopping is to every section of 3 ~ 5cm, and shredding corn stalk is to long 1 ~ 2cm, after chopping, mixing, obtains compound;
Step 3: described compound is filled in horizental silo, during filling compound, filling limit, limit is treaded, and it is 400 ~ 600Kg that every cubic metre of horizental silo stores the mixture quality treaded, until bind when exceeding horizental silo edge 65 ~ 75cm, one deck maize straw is first spread when binding, add layer of plastic film again, earthing sealing is steady and sure, and thickness of earth covering is 50cm, floating whole with mud after earthing, by horizental silo sealing and fermenting after 45 ~ 55 days, at one end Kai Jiao that horizental silo is leeward, obtain described ensilage.
2. the preparation method of ensilage as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, gutter described in step one is provided with floor drain.
3. the preparation method of ensilage as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, step one is front through pretreatment with covering plastic thin film described in step 3: dry after plastic sheeting is soaked 1 ~ 2h in Chinese medicine mixed liquor;
The preparation method of described Chinese medicine mixed liquor is: after being mashed by the garlic of 1 weight portion, the distilled water adding 10 weight portions is squeezed the juice, filtration obtains the first filtrate, first filtrate is divided into 2 parts of identical second filtrates, after the orange peel of 3 weight portions is pulverized, after infiltrating 35 ~ 45min in a second filtrate wherein, evaporate to dryness at 45 ~ 55 DEG C, what add a second filtrate and 1 weight portion in addition is ground to pulverous borneol, then the volume fraction adding 1 weight portion is the alcohol of 75% and the distilled water of 20 weight portions, 40 ~ 50min is maintained at 60 ~ 65 DEG C, filter, obtain the 3rd filtrate and filter residue, 3rd filtrate is Chinese medicine mixed liquor, after filter residue is drained completely, lay after mixing with the maize straw bottom horizental silo in step one.
4. the preparation method of ensilage as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, before in step 2, maize straw and leguminous forage are shredded, after first getting 3% ~ 6% chopping of maize straw gross mass, inoculating lactic acid bacterium wherein, stir 0 ~ 4 DEG C of lower seal fermentation 1 ~ 2 day after adding molasses, add wherein after shredding 2% ~ 3% of leguminous forage gross mass, namely 30 ~ 33 DEG C of sealing and fermenting obtain lactobacillus-fermented material in 8 ~ 10 days, the quality of molasses and the mass ratio of maize straw gross mass are 1: 10000, described lactobacillus-fermented material is added the compound described in step 2, mix, carry out described step 3 again.
5. the preparation method of ensilage as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, the inoculum concentration of lactic acid bacteria is that to inoculate bacterium number in every kg corn stalk be 10
8individual viable bacteria.
6. the preparation method of ensilage as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, after maize straw and leguminous forage chopping mix in step 2, adds auxiliary material, described auxiliary material is sucrose, formic acid, amylase, cellulase, urea, any one or more in ammonium sulfate and ammonium chloride.
7. the preparation method of ensilage as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, auxiliary material described in step 2 is sucrose, and the mass ratio of compound and described sucrose is 100: 2 ~ 3.
8. the preparation method of ensilage as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, auxiliary material described in step 2 is formic acid, and compound per ton adds 3 ~ 4Kg formic acid.
9. the preparation method of ensilage as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in step 3 before compound filling, in described compound, add roughage, the water content being adjusted to compound is 70% ~ 75%.
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| CN107027977A (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2017-08-11 | 六安市绿丰牧业科技有限公司 | The preparation method that a kind of sheep eats ensilage |
| CN107279499A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-10-24 | 于峰峰 | A kind of quality alfalfa ensiling preservative specially |
| CN107912604A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-04-17 | 湖南德人牧业科技有限公司 | A kind of silage composition and preparation method |
| CN108323629A (en) * | 2018-03-07 | 2018-07-27 | 贵州关岭牛铭品农业发展有限公司 | The processing and storage method of Dry corn stalk stalk |
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| CN106472098A (en) * | 2016-10-25 | 2017-03-08 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | A kind of halophytes silage making method |
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| CN107279499A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-10-24 | 于峰峰 | A kind of quality alfalfa ensiling preservative specially |
| CN107912604A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-04-17 | 湖南德人牧业科技有限公司 | A kind of silage composition and preparation method |
| CN108323629A (en) * | 2018-03-07 | 2018-07-27 | 贵州关岭牛铭品农业发展有限公司 | The processing and storage method of Dry corn stalk stalk |
| CN109198181A (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2019-01-15 | 金塔县金畜源牧业有限公司 | A kind of cornstalk silage manufacture craft |
| CN109380604A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-02-26 | 余桂群 | A kind of processing method of napier grass ensilage |
| CN109393157A (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2019-03-01 | 黑龙江省畜牧研究所 | A kind of sudangrass and corn mixed silage feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN110050882A (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2019-07-26 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院玉米研究所 | A kind of ensilage and preparation method suitable for southern hilly area |
| CN112205546A (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-01-12 | 沈代秀 | Kitchen waste treatment method, kitchen feed and black soldier fly larva breeding method |
| CN112205546B (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2024-04-05 | 唐光富 | Kitchen waste treatment method, kitchen feed and black soldier fly larva breeding method |
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