CN106615659A - Silage and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
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- CN106615659A CN106615659A CN201611249533.9A CN201611249533A CN106615659A CN 106615659 A CN106615659 A CN 106615659A CN 201611249533 A CN201611249533 A CN 201611249533A CN 106615659 A CN106615659 A CN 106615659A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of feed processing, and in particular relates to silage and a preparation method thereof. The silage is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 65-80 parts of stems and leaves of a whole-plant of banana, 20-30 parts of waste cassava residues, 10-15 parts of straw, 3-6 parts of fermentation liquor, 8-15 parts of nutrition additive and 1-5 parts of fermentation additive. The preparation method comprises the steps of (1) preparing preliminary materials: A. preparing the fermentation liquor; B. preparing the nutrition additive; C. preparing the fermentation additive; (2) preparing a silage mixture; (3) carrying out treatment on silage. The silage prepared by the method is loose, does not have tackiness, is glossy and yellow, has obvious sweetish taste, and is strong in comfortable feeling; the content of ammonia nitrogen/ total ammonia of the silage is less than 5%, the content of total acid of the silage reaches 1.91-2.62%, the content of water soluble carbohydrate of the silage reaches 60.1-69.8%, and the pH (potential of hydrogen) value of the silage is 3.6-3.8. The processing method is simple and convenient in operation.
Description
【Technical field】
The invention belongs to feed processing technology field, and in particular to a kind of ensilage and preparation method thereof.
【Background technology】
Ensilage be by moisture content for 65%-75% green forage Jing chopping after, under conditions of airtight anoxia, lead to
Cross the fermentation of anaerobism lactic acid bacteria, form sour environment, suppress the breeding of various miscellaneous bacterias, and a kind of roughage for obtaining.It is blue or green
Storage feed smell acid perfume, soft and succulency, good palatability, it is nutritious, beneficial to preserving for a long time, be the Herbivore man such as ox, sheep
Poultry excellent food source, be also solve Livestock Production in winter lack one of main method of fresh herbage.Ensilage is
By carrying out to green forage made by anaerobic fermentation, its production principle is the promotion lactic acid bacteria amount reproduction in anaerobic environment,
Soluble sugar is set to be converted into lactic acid and accumulate to finite concentration；Lactobacillus-fermented decomposes after carbohydrate, and the carbon dioxide of generation enters
One step excludes air, and the lactic acid of secretion causes feed in faintly acid (pH value 3.5-4.2), can effectively suppress other microorganism lifes
It is long, so as to effectively suppress spoilage organisms so that the nutriment in ensilage is preserved for a long time.
At present, most of ensilage is directly prescinded, pressed using herbage (conventional sweet broomcorn straw, maize straw etc.)
Real, sealing is produced.Due to the lactic acid bacterium number that plant itself carries it is limited, it is difficult to quickly form lactic fermentation so that rotten
Lose that the bacterium activity time is long, the pH of ensilage declines slow, causes ensilage nutritive loss excessive, or even causes ensilage
It is corrupt.In order to allow lactic acid bacteria to rapidly become dominant bacteria, accelerate the pH decrease speeds of ensilage, so as to reduce supporting for ensilage
Divide loss, improve ensilage quality, people add the additives such as lactic acid bacteria, organic acid and Related product simultaneously in ensilage
Achieve good effect.But a large amount of agricultural byproducts that south China planting industry and its processing are produced ----complete stool banana stem leaves,
Discarded manioc waste, bagasse etc. fail always and are processed into ensilage and are applied to animal feeding.Therefore, these feeds are developed
Resource, improves production status either for the husbandry sector of wide farmers, or for social materialss supply and resources conservation,
All have great importance and be worth.
【The content of the invention】
It is an object of the invention to：A kind of ensilage and preparation method thereof is provided, the ensilage for obtaining loosely does not glue
Hand, glossy yellow, sugariness are obvious, comfort is strong, and ammoniacal nitrogen/total ammonia content reaches ＜ 5%, total acid content and reaches 1.91-
2.62%, water soluble carbohydrates reach 60.1-69.8%, and pH value is 3.6-3.8；The processing method is simple to operation.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows：
A kind of ensilage, in parts by weight, including following raw material is made：It is complete stool banana stem, leaf 65-80 parts, useless
Abandon manioc waste 20-30 parts, straw 10-15 parts, zymotic fluid 3-6 parts, nourishing additive agent 8-15 parts, fermenting additive 1-5 parts；
The raw material of following parts by weight is made nourishing additive agent by the nourishing additive agent, specially pitaya peel 5-8 parts,
Caraway 2-4 parts, Radix Glycyrrhizae 3-5 parts, watermelon peel 1-6 parts, yam skin 3-8 parts, ammonium sulfate 1-3 parts, ammoniacal liquor 1-3 parts, calcite 1-3
Part, neopelex 0.2-0.6 parts, zinc carbonate 0.3-0.8 parts；
The zymotic fluid specifically in parts by weight, by Lactobacillus delbrueckii 0.3-0.8 parts, Lactobacillus pentosus 0.5-
0.9 part, Lactobacillus casei 0.5-0.9 parts, cellulase 1.2-1.4 parts, proteinase-10 .3-0.8 parts, pectase 0.6-1.2 parts,
Glucose 1-3 parts, water 20-30 parts are mixed；
The fermenting additive be by sulfuric acid, sorbic acid and propionic acid according to volume ratio be 1-2:2-5:1-3 is mixed.
In the present invention, further instruction, the mass concentration of the sulfuric acid is 8-12%；The quality of the sorbic acid is dense
Spend for 16-23%；The mass concentration of the propionic acid is 6-10%.
In the present invention, further instruction, effective bacterium number amount of the Lactobacillus delbrueckii is 102-104CFU/g, pentose
Effective bacterium number amount of lactobacillus is 10-103CFU/g, effective bacterium number amount of Lactobacillus casei are 102-104CFU/g。
In the present invention, the raw material of following parts by weight is made nutrition and is added by further instruction, the nourishing additive agent
Plus agent, specially 7 parts of pitaya peel, 3 parts of Caraway, 4 parts of Radix Glycyrrhizae, 5 parts of watermelon peel, 6 parts of yam skin, 2 parts of ammonium sulfate, ammoniacal liquor 2
Part, 2 parts of calcite, 0.5 part of neopelex, 0.6 part of zinc carbonate；
The zymotic fluid specifically in parts by weight, by 0.5 part of Lactobacillus delbrueckii, 0.7 part of Lactobacillus pentosus, cheese
0.7 part of lactobacillus, 1.3 parts of cellulase, proteinase-10 .5 parts, 1.0 parts of pectase, 2 parts of glucose, 26 parts of water are mixed.
A kind of preparation method of ensilage as above, the preparation method specifically includes following steps：
(1) preparation expected：
The preparation of A, zymotic fluid：In parts by weight, by Lactobacillus delbrueckii, Lactobacillus pentosus, Lactobacillus casei, fiber
Plain enzyme, pectase, glucose, water mixing, it is stand-by；
The preparation of B, nourishing additive agent：In parts by weight, by pitaya peel, Caraway, Radix Glycyrrhizae, watermelon peel, Chinese yam
It is stand-by after skin, ammonium sulfate, ammoniacal liquor, calcite, neopelex, zinc carbonate mixing；
C, fermenting additive are to prepare：By sulfuric acid, sorbic acid and propionic acid according to volume ratio be 1-2:2-5:After 1-3 mixing,
It is stand-by；
(2) preparation of ensiling compound：
A, by complete stool banana stem, leaf chopping after mechanical presses be dehydrated to moisture content be 70%, it is stand-by；
B, by discarded manioc waste after aerobic fermentation, re-dry is processed as moisture content less than after 45%, stand-by；
C, by straw dried process be moisture content less than after 30%, it is stand-by；
D, stand-by raw material after above-mentioned steps a, b, c process is mixed to get into ensiling compound；
(3) ensiling is processed：The nourishing additive agent that the ensiling compound that step (2) is obtained is obtained with step (1) mixes
Mixed fermentation material is obtained after even, film is spread on cellar or pool wall, then load mixed fermentation material in cellar or pond, be followed successively by
Sprinkle fermentation liquid after the thick mixed fermentation material of 8-12cm is first spread, is then tamped, then toward upper berth mixed fermentation material, repeat said method
Drench one layer of fermenting additive after until filling up cellar or pond again, then cover black film, then, with weight compression, then cover above
Upper cellar or pond wooden cover finally cover again one layer of soil envelope cellar for storing things.
In the present invention, further instruction, in step (3), pours after the mixed fermentation material thick in paving 8-12cm
When drenching zymotic fluid, mixed fermentation material is 90-125 with the weight ratio of zymotic fluid:2-5.
In the present invention, further instruction, in step a, the complete stool banana stem, the length of leaf chopping are 2-5cm.
In the present invention, further instruction, in stepb, during the discarded manioc waste aerobic fermentation air is exposed to
In, the time of fermentation is 24-72 hours.
In the present invention, further instruction, in step c, the length of the straw is 2-3cm.
In sum, as a result of above-mentioned technical proposal, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows：
In the zymotic fluid of the present invention, Lactobacillus delbrueckii, Lactobacillus pentosus, Lactobacillus casei belong to the lactic acid bacteria of homotype, energy
Mutually promote and produce more lactic acid, and the growth that more energy promote lactic acid can be provided under the existence condition of molasses,
When ensiling is processed, air is excluded as far as possible, and then provides anaerobic condition contributes to the breeding of lactic acid bacteria, promotes lactic acid to produce；
In zymotic fluid also with addition of cellulase, lipase also can molasses provide energy in the case of amount reproduction, so as to produce
Substantial amounts of effective beneficial bacterium, decomposes nourishing additive agent,
Dragon fruit pericarp in the present invention contains a large amount of celluloses, vitamin and natural colouring matter, in watermelon peel, yam skin also
Have containing substantial amounts of fiber, former three by fermentation after can discharge cellulose increase ensilage nutrition, Radix Glycyrrhizae have reconcile
Taste in ensilage so that have certain sweet Radix Glycyrrhizae taste after ensilage fermentation, the Caraway of addition is general
Be used as spices, using be here in order among fermentation discharge grease type there is certain ability of refreshing oneself, to urinary system
It is beneficial with respiratory system, it is additional with addition of Chinese yam in there is certain property of medicine, can nourishing stomach and spleen, both combine helpful animal
Effect of digestion, so that animal has a good appetite, promotes growth of animal and gives milk to wait physiological problem, and then can be abundant
Using feed, it is to avoid waste, increase the economical efficiencies such as aquaculture cost；Edible pericarp, vegetables skin also can take full advantage of
Discarded object, turns waste into wealth, and provides new utilizing to discarded object and processes road, and nourishing additive agent includes siccative, wet feed
And mineral matter, and with addition of zymotic fluid be made up of various enzymes and zymophyte, the composition difference (fiber content of each material composition
Many, albumen, fruit material element etc.), existing profitable strain and the ratio of pernicious bacteria is also not quite similar, with addition of zymotic fluid
The flora of composition quickly accounts for leading position for the characteristic of material with addition of so that profitable strain, and fermentation liquid energy rapidly sends out material
Ferment increases the acid content of material, suppresses the growth of pernicious bacteria so that the content of harmful aspergillus flavus is pressed and dramatic decrease,
The profitable strain amount reproduction such as lactic acid bacteria, and can produce metabolite to suppress fungal bacterial strain or degradative fungi toxin is nontoxic or poison
Property relatively low compound, so as to reduce the harm of mycotoxin, and then cause feed to preserve the nutrition of itself, it is also extra
Addition organic nutrient, mineral nutrients, the nutrient of abundantization ensilage；Also drench fermentation from top to bottom when carrying out ensiling and processing
Additive, the fermenting additive can further suppress harmful microbe to breed, and pouring from top to bottom is the applicant by many
What secondary experimental study found, when piling up more up, the lactic acid bacterium amount of generation at the same time between on it is fewer, so continuing in generation
Addition when few suppresses harmful microbe to grow, and so can preferably solve ensilage upper, middle and lower layer mouthfeel and texture
Uniformity.The preparation method of the present invention is simple to operation, with great generalization；The ensilage that the present invention is obtained is loose
Tack-free, glossy yellow, sugariness are obvious, comfort is strong, and ammoniacal nitrogen/total ammonia content reaches ＜ 5%, total acid content and reaches 1.91-
2.62%, water soluble carbohydrates reach 60.1-69.8%, and pH value is 3.6-3.8.
【Specific embodiment】
All features disclosed in this specification, or disclosed all methods or during the step of, except mutually exclusive
Feature and/or step beyond, can combine by any way.
Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any accessory claim, summary), unless specifically stated otherwise,
Equivalent by other or with similar purpose alternative features are replaced.I.e., unless specifically stated otherwise, each feature is a series of
An example in equivalent or similar characteristics.
Embodiment 1：
A kind of ensilage, in parts by weight, including following raw material is made：Complete stool banana stem, 65 parts of leaf, discarded wood
20 parts of potato slag, 10 parts of straw, 3 parts of zymotic fluid, 8 parts of nourishing additive agent, 1 part of fermenting additive；
The raw material of following parts by weight is made nourishing additive agent, specially 5 parts of pitaya peel, Pueraria lobota by the nourishing additive agent
2 parts of thread, 3 parts of Radix Glycyrrhizae, 1 part of watermelon peel, 3 parts of yam skin, 1 part of ammonium sulfate, 1 part of ammoniacal liquor, 1 part of calcite, detergent alkylate sulphur
0.2 part of sour sodium, 0.3 part of zinc carbonate；
Effective bacterium number amount is 10 specifically in parts by weight by the zymotic fluid2The Lactobacillus delbrueckii 0.3 of CFU/g
Part, effective bacterium number amount be 0.5 part of 10CFU/g Lactobacillus pentosus, effective bacterium number amount be 102The Lactobacillus casei 0.5 of CFU/g
Part, 1.2 parts of cellulase, proteinase-10 .3 parts, 0.6 part of pectase, 1 part of glucose, 20 parts of water are mixed；
The fermenting additive is by the sulfuric acid, the sorbic acid that mass concentration is 16% and quality that mass concentration is 8-12%
Concentration is 1 according to volume ratio for the propionic acid of 6-10%:2:1 mixes.
The ensilage of said ratio is prepared into the preparation method and specifically includes following steps：
(1) preparation expected：
The preparation of A, zymotic fluid：In parts by weight, by Lactobacillus delbrueckii, Lactobacillus pentosus, Lactobacillus casei, fiber
Plain enzyme, pectase, glucose, water mixing, it is stand-by；
The preparation of B, nourishing additive agent：In parts by weight, by pitaya peel, Caraway, Radix Glycyrrhizae, watermelon peel, Chinese yam
It is stand-by after skin, ammonium sulfate, ammoniacal liquor, calcite, neopelex, zinc carbonate mixing；
C, fermenting additive are to prepare：By sulfuric acid, sorbic acid and propionic acid according to volume ratio be 1:2:It is stand-by after 1 mixing；
(2) preparation of ensiling compound：
A, by complete stool banana stem, leaf shred to length be 2cm after mechanical presses be dehydrated to moisture content be 70%, treat
With；
B, by discarded manioc waste aerobic fermentation when be exposed in air, time of fermentation is 24 hours, and re-dry is processed as
It is stand-by after moisture content is less than 45%；
C, by length for the straw dried process of 2cm be moisture content less than after 30%, it is stand-by；
D, stand-by raw material after above-mentioned steps a, b, c process is mixed to get into ensiling compound；
(3) ensiling is processed：The nourishing additive agent that the ensiling compound that step (2) is obtained is obtained with step (1) mixes
Mixed fermentation material is obtained after even, film is spread on pool wall, then load mixed fermentation material in pond, be followed successively by and first spread 8cm thickness
Sprinkle fermentation liquid after mixed fermentation material, mixed fermentation material is 90 with the weight ratio of zymotic fluid:2, then tamp, then toward upper berth mixing
Fermentation material, after repeating said method until filling up pond one layer of fermenting additive is drenched again, then covers black film, then above with weight
Thing is compressed, and is then covered pond wooden cover and is finally covered one layer of soil envelope cellar for storing things again.
Embodiment 2：
A kind of ensilage, in parts by weight, including following raw material is made：Complete stool banana stem, 80 parts of leaf, discarded wood
30 parts of potato slag, 15 parts of straw, 6 parts of zymotic fluid, 15 parts of nourishing additive agent, 5 parts of fermenting additive；
The raw material of following parts by weight is made nourishing additive agent, specially 8 parts of pitaya peel, Pueraria lobota by the nourishing additive agent
4 parts of thread, 5 parts of Radix Glycyrrhizae, 6 parts of watermelon peel, 8 parts of yam skin, 3 parts of ammonium sulfate, 3 parts of ammoniacal liquor, 3 parts of calcite, detergent alkylate sulphur
0.6 part of sour sodium, 0.8 part of zinc carbonate；
Effective bacterium number amount is 10 specifically in parts by weight by the zymotic fluid4The Lactobacillus delbrueckii 0.8 of CFU/g
Part, effective bacterium number amount be 1030.9 part of CFU/g Lactobacillus pentosus, effective bacterium number amount are 104The Lactobacillus casei 0.9 of CFU/g
Part, 1.4 parts of cellulase, proteinase-10 .8 parts, 1.2 parts of pectase, 3 parts of glucose, 30 parts of water are mixed；
The fermenting additive is dense by the sulfuric acid that mass concentration is 12%, the sorbic acid that mass concentration is 23% and quality
Spend for 10% propionic acid according to volume ratio be 2:5:3 mix.
The ensilage of said ratio is prepared into the preparation method and specifically includes following steps：
(1) preparation expected：
The preparation of A, zymotic fluid：In parts by weight, by Lactobacillus delbrueckii, Lactobacillus pentosus, Lactobacillus casei, fiber
Plain enzyme, pectase, glucose, water mixing, it is stand-by；
The preparation of B, nourishing additive agent：In parts by weight, by pitaya peel, Caraway, Radix Glycyrrhizae, watermelon peel, Chinese yam
It is stand-by after skin, ammonium sulfate, ammoniacal liquor, calcite, neopelex, zinc carbonate mixing；
C, fermenting additive are to prepare：By sulfuric acid, sorbic acid and propionic acid according to volume ratio be 2:5:It is stand-by after 3 mixing；
(2) preparation of ensiling compound：
A, by complete stool banana stem, leaf shred to length be 5cm after mechanical presses be dehydrated to moisture content be 70%, treat
With；
B, by discarded manioc waste aerobic fermentation when be exposed in air, time of fermentation is 72 hours, and re-dry is processed as
It is stand-by after moisture content is less than 45%；
C, by length for the straw dried process of 3cm be moisture content less than after 30%, it is stand-by；
D, stand-by raw material after above-mentioned steps a, b, c process is mixed to get into ensiling compound；
(3) ensiling is processed：The nourishing additive agent that the ensiling compound that step (2) is obtained is obtained with step (1) mixes
Mixed fermentation material is obtained after even, film is spread on cellar wall, then load mixed fermentation material in cellar, be followed successively by and first spread 12cm
Sprinkle fermentation liquid after thick mixed fermentation material, mixed fermentation material is 125 with the weight ratio of zymotic fluid:5, then tamp, then up
Paving mixed fermentation material, after repeating said method until filling up cellar one layer of fermenting additive is drenched again, then covers black film, then
Compressed with weight above, then cover cellar wooden cover and finally cover one layer of soil envelope cellar for storing things again.
Embodiment 3：
A kind of ensilage, in parts by weight, including following raw material is made：Complete stool banana stem, 70 parts of leaf, discarded wood
26 parts of potato slag, 12 parts of straw, 4 parts of zymotic fluid, 11 parts of nourishing additive agent, 3 parts of fermenting additive；
The raw material of following parts by weight is made nourishing additive agent, specially 7 parts of pitaya peel, Pueraria lobota by the nourishing additive agent
3 parts of thread, 4 parts of Radix Glycyrrhizae, 5 parts of watermelon peel, 6 parts of yam skin, 2 parts of ammonium sulfate, 2 parts of ammoniacal liquor, 2 parts of calcite, detergent alkylate sulphur
0.5 part of sour sodium, 0.6 part of zinc carbonate；
Effective bacterium number amount is 10 specifically in parts by weight by the zymotic fluid2The Lactobacillus delbrueckii 0.5 of CFU/g
Part, effective bacterium number amount be 1030.7 part of CFU/g Lactobacillus pentosus, effective bacterium number amount are 104The Lactobacillus casei 0.7 of CFU/g
Part, 1.3 parts of cellulase, proteinase-10 .5 parts, 1.0 parts of pectase, 2 parts of glucose, 26 parts of water are mixed；
The fermenting additive is dense by the sulfuric acid that mass concentration is 10%, the sorbic acid that mass concentration is 19% and quality
Spend for 8% propionic acid according to volume ratio be 1:3:2 mix.
The ensilage of said ratio is prepared into the preparation method and specifically includes following steps：
(1) preparation expected：
The preparation of A, zymotic fluid：In parts by weight, by Lactobacillus delbrueckii, Lactobacillus pentosus, Lactobacillus casei, fiber
Plain enzyme, pectase, glucose, water mixing, it is stand-by；
The preparation of B, nourishing additive agent：In parts by weight, by pitaya peel, Caraway, Radix Glycyrrhizae, watermelon peel, Chinese yam
It is stand-by after skin, ammonium sulfate, ammoniacal liquor, calcite, neopelex, zinc carbonate mixing；
C, fermenting additive are to prepare：By sulfuric acid, sorbic acid and propionic acid according to volume ratio be 1:3:It is stand-by after 2 mixing；
(2) preparation of ensiling compound：
A, by complete stool banana stem, leaf shred to length be 2-5cm after mechanical presses be dehydrated to moisture content be 70%, treat
With；
B, by discarded manioc waste aerobic fermentation when be exposed in air, time of fermentation is 40 hours, and re-dry is processed as
It is stand-by after moisture content is less than 45%；
C, by length for the straw dried process of 2-3cm be moisture content less than after 30%, it is stand-by；
D, stand-by raw material after above-mentioned steps a, b, c process is mixed to get into ensiling compound；
(3) ensiling is processed：The nourishing additive agent that the ensiling compound that step (2) is obtained is obtained with step (1) mixes
Mixed fermentation material is obtained after even, film is spread on pool wall, then load mixed fermentation material in pond, be followed successively by first paving 8-12cm thick
Mixed fermentation material after sprinkle fermentation liquid, the weight ratio of mixed fermentation material and zymotic fluid is 90-125:2-5, then tamps, then past
Upper berth mixed fermentation material, after repeating said method until filling up pond one layer of fermenting additive is drenched again, then covers black film, then
Compressed with weight above, then cover pond wooden cover and finally cover one layer of soil envelope cellar for storing things again.
Comparative example 1：
Concrete steps are same as Example 3, and difference is not add nourishing additive agent.
Comparative example 2：
Concrete steps are substantially the same manner as Example 3, and it is 10 by effective bacterium number amount that difference is zymotic fluid3CFU/g pentoses breast
0.7 part of bacillus, 1.3 parts of cellulase, proteinase-10 .5 parts, 1.0 parts of pectase, 2 parts of glucose, 26 parts of water are mixed.
Comparative example 3：Concrete steps are substantially the same manner as Example 3, and difference is not add fermentation addition in step (3)
Agent.
The each 300g of ensilage is taken out in 28 days of embodiment 1-3 and comparative example 1-3 behind envelope cellar for storing things, in test in laboratory,
Using GB/T6432 Kjeldahl nitrogen determination gross protein values；Using GB/T6433 determination of crude oil by Soxhlet extraction；
Dry matter content is determined using GB/T6435 high temperature drying techniques；Energy is determined using bomb calorimeter；Surveyed using VanSoest methods
Determine neutral detergent fiber content.Detection find, embodiment 1-3 gained ensilage Main Nutrients (thick protein, crude fat,
Dry, energy, neutral detergent fiber) it is lost in less than 5%；Main Nutrients (the crude protein of the gained ensilage of comparative example 1
Matter, crude fat, dry, energy, neutral detergent fiber) it is lost in 25%；The Main Nutrients of the gained ensilage of comparative example 2
(thick protein, crude fat, dry, energy, neutral detergent fiber) is lost in 16%；The master of the gained ensilage of comparative example 3
Nutrient (thick protein, crude fat, dry, energy, neutral detergent fiber) is wanted to be lost in 11%.
28 days of embodiment 1-3 and comparative example 1-3 behind envelope cellar for storing things are taken out into ensilage to raise milk cow, per group 5
Head, parity identical per cow head kind and lactating time it is close, body weight in the milk cow of 139-142 kilogram of phase of giving milk, one day
3 meal, 9 jin of a meal, the 7 days output of milk such as following tables of test ox in 1 experimental period.
| Project | Daily per/kg of giving milk |
| Embodiment 1 | 22.3 |
| Embodiment 2 | 21.8 |
| Embodiment 3 | 21.5 |
| Comparative example 1 | 18.0 |
| Comparative example 2 | 18.6 |
| Comparative example 3 | 19.2 |
As seen from the above table, the ensilage breeding milk cow for being obtained using the application method, the output of milk compares comparative example bright
Aobvious advantage.
Described above is the detailed description for the present invention preferably possible embodiments, but embodiment is not limited to this
Bright patent claim, the equal change completed under the technical spirit suggested by all present invention or modification change, all should belong to
Cover the scope of the claims in the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of ensilage, it is characterised in that：In parts by weight, including following raw material is made：Complete stool banana stem, leaf
65-80 parts, discarded manioc waste 20-30 parts, straw 10-15 parts, zymotic fluid 3-6 parts, nourishing additive agent 8-15 parts, fermenting additive
1-5 parts；
The raw material of following parts by weight is made nourishing additive agent, specially pitaya peel 5-8 parts, Pueraria lobota thread by the nourishing additive agent
Sub- 2-4 parts, Radix Glycyrrhizae 3-5 parts, watermelon peel 1-6 parts, yam skin 3-8 parts, ammonium sulfate 1-3 parts, ammoniacal liquor 1-3 parts, calcite 1-3 parts,
Neopelex 0.2-0.6 parts, zinc carbonate 0.3-0.8 parts；
The zymotic fluid specifically in parts by weight, by Lactobacillus delbrueckii 0.3-0.8 parts, Lactobacillus pentosus 0.5-0.9 parts,
Lactobacillus casei 0.5-0.9 parts, cellulase 1.2-1.4 parts, proteinase-10 .3-0.8 parts, pectase 0.6-1.2 parts, glucose
1-3 parts, water 20-30 parts are mixed；
The fermenting additive be by sulfuric acid, sorbic acid and propionic acid according to volume ratio be 1-2:2-5:1-3 is mixed.
2. a kind of ensilage according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The mass concentration of the sulfuric acid is 8-12%；
The mass concentration of the sorbic acid is 16-23%；The mass concentration of the propionic acid is 6-10%.
3. a kind of ensilage according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Effective bacterium number amount of the Lactobacillus delbrueckii is
102-104CFU/g, effective bacterium number amount of Lactobacillus pentosus are 10-103CFU/g, effective bacterium number amount of Lactobacillus casei are 102-
104CFU/g。
4. a kind of ensilage according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The nourishing additive agent is by following parts by weight
Raw material make nourishing additive agent, specially 7 parts of pitaya peel, 3 parts of Caraway, 4 parts of Radix Glycyrrhizae, 5 parts of watermelon peel, 6 parts of yam skin,
2 parts of ammonium sulfate, 2 parts of ammoniacal liquor, 2 parts of calcite, 0.5 part of neopelex, 0.6 part of zinc carbonate；
The zymotic fluid specifically in parts by weight, by 0.5 part of Lactobacillus delbrueckii, 0.7 part of Lactobacillus pentosus, cheese breast bar
0.7 part of bacterium, 1.3 parts of cellulase, proteinase-10 .5 parts, 1.0 parts of pectase, 2 parts of glucose, 26 parts of water are mixed.
5. the preparation method of a kind of ensilage according to claim 1-4 any one, it is characterised in that：The preparation side
Method specifically includes following steps：
(1) preparation expected：
The preparation of A, zymotic fluid：In parts by weight, by Lactobacillus delbrueckii, Lactobacillus pentosus, Lactobacillus casei, cellulose
Enzyme, pectase, glucose, water mixing, it is stand-by；
The preparation of B, nourishing additive agent：In parts by weight, by pitaya peel, Caraway, Radix Glycyrrhizae, watermelon peel yam skin, sulphur
It is stand-by after sour ammonium, ammoniacal liquor, calcite, neopelex, zinc carbonate mixing；
C, fermenting additive are to prepare：By sulfuric acid, sorbic acid and propionic acid according to volume ratio be 1-2:2-5:It is stand-by after 1-3 mixing；
(2) preparation of ensiling compound：
A, by complete stool banana stem, leaf chopping after mechanical presses be dehydrated to moisture content be 70%, it is stand-by；
B, by discarded manioc waste after aerobic fermentation, re-dry is processed as moisture content less than after 45%, stand-by；
C, by straw dried process be moisture content less than after 30%, it is stand-by；
D, stand-by raw material after above-mentioned steps a, b, c process is mixed to get into ensiling compound；
(3) ensiling is processed：After the nourishing additive agent that the ensiling compound that step (2) is obtained is obtained with step (1) is well mixed
Mixed fermentation material is obtained, film is spread on cellar or pool wall, then load mixed fermentation material in cellar or pond, be followed successively by and first spread
Sprinkle fermentation liquid after 8-12cm thick mixed fermentation material, then tamps, then toward upper berth mixed fermentation material, repeat said method until
Fill up behind cellar or pond and drench one layer of fermenting additive again, then cover black film, then, with weight compression, then cover ground above
Cellar for storing things or pond wooden cover finally cover again one layer of soil envelope cellar for storing things.
6. method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：In step (3), the mixing thick in paving 8-12cm is sent out
After ferment material during sprinkle fermentation liquid, mixed fermentation material is 90-125 with the weight ratio of zymotic fluid:2-5.
7. method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：In step a, the complete stool banana stem, the length of leaf chopping
Spend for 2-5cm.
8. method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：In stepb, it is sudden and violent during the discarded manioc waste aerobic fermentation
In being exposed to air, the time of fermentation is 24-72 hours.
9. method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：In step c, the length of the straw is 2-3cm.
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| CN107006687A (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2017-08-04 | 牙朝晖 | A kind of feed rich in any of several broadleaf plants cauline leaf |
| CN108522861A (en) * | 2018-02-26 | 2018-09-14 | 江西农业大学 | A kind of compound microbial agent and the method for preparing microbial straw |
| CN114680236A (en) * | 2022-04-02 | 2022-07-01 | 中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所 | Method for improving fermentation quality of cassava silage and prepared feed |
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| CN105248861A (en) * | 2015-11-16 | 2016-01-20 | 广西武宣金泰丰农业科技发展有限公司 | Cassava straw silage and preparation method thereof |
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| CN105795098A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2016-07-27 | 广西中粮生物质能源有限公司 | Cassava dregs feed and preparation method thereof |
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| CN108522861A (en) * | 2018-02-26 | 2018-09-14 | 江西农业大学 | A kind of compound microbial agent and the method for preparing microbial straw |
| CN114680236A (en) * | 2022-04-02 | 2022-07-01 | 中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所 | Method for improving fermentation quality of cassava silage and prepared feed |
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