CN106578392B - Silage and processing method thereof - Google Patents
Silage and processing method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106578392B CN106578392B CN201611249524.XA CN201611249524A CN106578392B CN 106578392 B CN106578392 B CN 106578392B CN 201611249524 A CN201611249524 A CN 201611249524A CN 106578392 B CN106578392 B CN 106578392B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- parts
- fermentation
- silage
- weight
- pediococcus
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Landscapes
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of feed processing, and particularly relates to silage and a processing method thereof. The silage is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of whole banana stems and leaves, 20-30 parts of waste cassava residues, 10-15 parts of rice straws, 1-5 parts of fermentation liquor, 8-13 parts of nutritional additives and 1-5 parts of fermentation additives; the processing method comprises (1) preparing the anticipatory; (2) preparing a silage mixture; (3) and (4) ensiling treatment. The silage obtained by the method is loose, not sticky, glossy, yellow, sweet and strong in comfort, and the ammonia nitrogen/total ammonia content reaches less than 5%; the processing method is simple and convenient to operate.
Description
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The invention belongs to the technical field of feed processing, and particularly relates to silage and a processing method thereof.
[ background of the invention ]
The silage is a coarse fodder obtained by cutting green fodder with water content of 65-75%, and forming acidic environment through fermentation of anaerobic lactobacillus under sealed anoxic condition to inhibit propagation of various mixed bacteria. The silage is sour and fragrant in smell, soft and juicy, good in palatability, rich in nutrition and beneficial to long-term storage, is an excellent feed source for herbivorous animals such as cattle and sheep, and is one of the main methods for solving the problem of lack of fresh pasture in winter in livestock production. The silage is prepared by carrying out anaerobic fermentation on green feed, and the production principle is that the mass propagation of lactic acid bacteria is promoted in an anaerobic environment, so that soluble sugar is converted into lactic acid and is accumulated to a certain concentration; after the lactobacillus ferments and decomposes the saccharides, the generated carbon dioxide further removes air, and the secreted lactic acid enables the feed to be weakly acidic (the pH value is 3.5-4.2), and can effectively inhibit the growth of other microorganisms, thereby effectively inhibiting putrefying bacteria and enabling nutrient substances in the silage to be stored for a long time.
At present, most silage is produced by directly cutting, compacting and sealing forage grass (common sweet sorghum stems, corn straws and the like). Because the number of lactic acid bacteria carried by the plants is limited, the rapid formation of lactic acid fermentation is difficult, so that the activity time of spoilage bacteria is too long, the pH value of the silage is slowly reduced, the nutrition loss of the silage is too large, and even the silage is rotten. In order to enable the lactic acid bacteria to become dominant bacteria quickly and accelerate the pH reduction speed of the silage, so that the nutrient loss of the silage is reduced, the quality of the silage is improved, and people add additives such as the lactic acid bacteria, organic acid and related products in the silage process and obtain good effects. However, a great number of agricultural and sideline products produced by the planting industry and the processing in the south of China, namely whole banana stems and leaves, waste cassava residues, bagasse and the like, can not be successfully processed into silage for animal feeding. Therefore, the development of the feed resources and the improvement of the current production situation have important significance and value for the livestock production of vast farmers and the social material supply and resource conservation.
[ summary of the invention ]
The invention aims to: the silage and the processing method thereof are provided, the obtained silage is loose, not sticky, glossy, yellow, sweet and obvious, has strong comfort, the ammonia nitrogen/total ammonia content reaches less than 5 percent, the total acid content reaches 1.84 to 2.15 percent, the water-soluble carbohydrate reaches 57.4 to 68.1 percent, and the pH value is 3.7 to 3.9; the processing method is simple and convenient to operate.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the silage is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of whole banana stems and leaves, 20-30 parts of waste cassava residues, 10-15 parts of rice straws, 1-5 parts of fermentation liquor, 8-13 parts of nutritional additives and 1-5 parts of fermentation additives;
the fermentation liquor is prepared by mixing 0.5-0.9 part of pediococcus pentosaceus, 0.8-1.6 parts of pediococcus acidilactici, 0.5-1.5 parts of pediococcus acidilactici, 1.5-2.5 parts of cellulase, 0.8-1.5 parts of pectinase, 1-2 parts of glucose and 20-30 parts of water in parts by weight;
the nutritional additive is prepared from the following raw materials, by weight, 1-3 parts of soybeans, 2-8 parts of aniseed, 1-8 parts of Chinese wampee fruit peels, 3-8 parts of dried orange peels, 1-3 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 2-7 parts of urea, 3-8 parts of magnesite, 0.2-0.8 part of boric acid and 0.2-0.6 part of ferrous sulfate;
the fermentation additive is prepared by mixing formaldehyde, sorbic acid and hydrochloric acid according to the volume ratio of 1-3:2-5: 1.
Further, the mass concentration of the formaldehyde is 10-15%; the mass concentration of the sorbic acid is 20-30%; the mass concentration of the hydrochloric acid is 10-18%.
Further, the effective number of the pediococcus pentosaceus is 102-103The effective bacteria amount of CFU/g and Pediococcus acidilactici is 10-102The effective bacteria number of the CFU/g Pediococcus acidilactici is 102-103CFU/g。
Preferably, the fermentation liquid is prepared by mixing 0.7 part of pediococcus pentosaceus, 1.2 parts of pediococcus acidilactici, 0.9 part of pediococcus brevicaulis, 2.1 parts of cellulase, 1.1 parts of pectinase, 1.5 parts of glucose and 27 parts of water in parts by weight;
the nutritional additive is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight, specifically 2 parts of soybeans, 6 parts of anises, 5 parts of Chinese wampee pericarp, 4 parts of dried orange peels, 2 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 4 parts of urea, 5 parts of magnesite, 0.6 part of boric acid and 0.4 part of ferrous sulfate.
The silage and the processing method thereof comprise the following steps:
(1) preparation of the prediction:
A. preparation of fermentation liquor: mixing pediococcus pentosaceus, pediococcus acidilactici, pediococcus brevipetalis, cellulase, pectinase, glucose and water in parts by weight for later use;
B. preparation of the nutritional additive: mixing the soybeans, the star anises, the Chinese wampee pericarps, the dried orange peels, monoammonium phosphate, urea, magnesite, boric acid and ferrous sulfate in parts by weight for later use;
C. the fermentation additive is prepared: mixing formaldehyde, sorbic acid and hydrochloric acid according to the volume ratio of 1-3:2-5:1 for later use;
(2) preparation of silage mixture:
a. cutting the stems and leaves of the whole banana, and mechanically extruding and dehydrating until the water content is 70% for later use;
b. carrying out aerobic fermentation on the waste cassava residues, and then drying the waste cassava residues until the water content is less than 45% for later use;
c. drying the rice straws until the water content is less than 30% for later use;
d. mixing the raw materials for standby after the treatment of the steps a, b and c to obtain an ensiling mixture;
(3) ensiling treatment: and (3) uniformly mixing the silage mixture obtained in the step (2) with the nutritional additive obtained in the step (1) to obtain a mixed fermentation material, paving a film on a cellar or a pool, then loading the mixed fermentation material into the cellar or the pool, sequentially paving the mixed fermentation material with the thickness of 10-15cm, pouring fermentation liquor, tamping, paving the mixed fermentation material upwards, repeating the method until the cellar or the pool is filled, then pouring a layer of fermentation additive, then covering a black film, then compacting the black film by using a weight, then covering a cellar or a pool wood cover, and finally covering a layer of soil for sealing the cellar.
Further, in the step (3), when the fermentation liquid is poured after the mixed fermentation material with the thickness of 10-15cm is paved, the weight ratio of the mixed fermentation material to the fermentation liquid is 100-.
Further, the length of the whole plant banana stem and leaf cut is 2-5 cm.
Further, the waste cassava dregs are exposed to the air during aerobic fermentation, and the fermentation time is 24-72 hours.
In step c, the length of the rice straw is 2-3 cm.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
in the fermentation liquor, pediococcus pentosaceus, pediococcus acidilactici and pediococcus brevis belong to homotype lactic acid bacteria, can mutually promote to generate more lactic acid, can provide more energy to promote the growth of the lactic acid under the condition of the existence of molasses, and can exhaust air as much as possible during ensiling treatment, so that anaerobic conditions are provided to help the propagation of the lactic acid bacteria and promote the generation of the lactic acid; cellulase and lipase which are also added into the fermentation liquor can also be propagated in a large amount under the condition that molasses provides energy, so that a large amount of effective beneficial bacteria can be generated, a nutritional additive is decomposed, soybeans contain a large amount of carbon elements, pericarp of wampee contains a large amount of beneficial bacteria, vitamins and cellulose, dried orange peel has an acid regulating effect and can promote the generation of lactic acid bacteria, the soybean also has the effect of regulating the mouthfeel and taste of the feed, aniseed has a strong fragrance when serving as a spice, but releases a large amount of aromatic oil, fatty oil and protein during the fermentation process to be decomposed by the fermentation liquor and stored in the silage, so that the nutrients of the silage are increased, after the silage is eaten by animals, substances obtained by fermenting the dried orange peel and the aniseed have certain effect of regulating the stomach-qi of the animals, promoting digestion and invigorating the stomach, so that the animals have good stomachs, promoting animal growth and milk production; the edible pericarp can also make full use of the waste, change waste into valuable, provide a novel utilization and treatment way for the waste, the nutritional additive comprises dry materials, wet materials and mineral substances, the added fermentation liquor consists of a plurality of enzymes and zymophytes, the components of each material are different (the fiber content is high, the fruit quality is high, and the like), the proportion of the existing beneficial flora and the harmful flora is different, the flora formed by the added fermentation liquor is added according to the characteristics of the materials, so that the beneficial flora rapidly dominates, the fermentation liquor can rapidly ferment the materials to increase the acid content of the materials, inhibit the growth of the harmful flora, suppress and rapidly reduce the content of harmful aspergillus flavus, the beneficial flora such as lactobacillus and the like can propagate in large quantity, and can produce metabolites to inhibit fungal strains or degrade mycotoxin into compounds with no toxicity or low toxicity, thereby reducing the harm of the mycotoxin, further, the feed can not only preserve the nutrition of the feed, but also be additionally added with organic nutrients and mineral nutrients to enrich the nutrients of the silage; the fermentation additive is sprayed from top to bottom during silage treatment, the fermentation additive can further inhibit the propagation of harmful microorganisms, and the spraying from top to bottom is discovered by the applicant through multiple experimental researches, the more the accumulation is, the less the amount of generated lactic acid bacteria is, the less the amount is, the growth of the harmful microorganisms is continuously inhibited, and the consistency of the mouthfeel and texture of the upper layer, the middle layer and the lower layer of the silage can be better solved. The preparation method is simple and easy to operate, and has great popularization; the silage obtained by the invention is loose, non-sticky, glossy, yellow, sweet and strong in comfort, the ammoniacal nitrogen/total ammonia content reaches less than 5%, the total acid content reaches 1.84-2.15%, the water-soluble carbohydrate reaches 57.4-68.1%, and the pH value is 3.7-3.9.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations of features and/or steps that are mutually exclusive.
Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract) may be replaced by alternative features serving equivalent or similar purposes, unless expressly stated otherwise. That is, unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature is only an example of a generic series of equivalent or similar features.
Example 1:
the silage is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of whole banana stems and leaves, 20 parts of waste cassava residues, 10 parts of rice straws, 1 part of fermentation liquid, 8 parts of nutrient additives and 1 part of fermentation additives;
the fermentation liquor is prepared by mixing 10 effective bacteria in parts by weight20.5 part of CFU/g pediococcus pentosaceus, 0.8 part of pediococcus acidilactici with the effective bacteria amount of 10CFU/g and the effective bacteria amount of 1020.5 part of CFU/g pediococcus brevis, 1.5 parts of cellulase, 0.8 part of pectinase, 1 part of glucose and 20 parts of water;
the nutritional additive is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight, namely 1 part of soybean, 2 parts of anise, 1 part of Chinese wampee pericarp, 3 parts of dried orange peel, 1 part of monoammonium phosphate, 2 parts of urea, 3 parts of magnesite, 0.2 part of boric acid and 0.2 part of ferrous sulfate;
the fermentation additive is prepared by mixing 10% of formaldehyde, 20% of sorbic acid and 10% of hydrochloric acid according to the volume ratio of 1:2: 1.
The processing method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of the prediction:
A. preparation of fermentation liquor: mixing pediococcus pentosaceus, pediococcus acidilactici, pediococcus brevipetalis, cellulase, pectinase, glucose and water in parts by weight for later use;
B. preparation of the nutritional additive: mixing the soybeans, the star anises, the Chinese wampee pericarps, the dried orange peels, monoammonium phosphate, urea, magnesite, boric acid and ferrous sulfate in parts by weight for later use;
C. the fermentation additive is prepared: mixing formaldehyde, sorbic acid and hydrochloric acid according to the volume ratio of 1:2:1 for later use;
(2) preparation of silage mixture:
a. cutting the stems and leaves of the whole banana into pieces with the length of 2cm, and mechanically extruding and dehydrating the pieces until the water content is 70 percent for later use;
b. exposing the waste cassava residues to air during aerobic fermentation for 24 hours, and drying until the water content is less than 45% for later use;
c. drying rice straws with the length of 3cm until the water content is less than 30% for later use;
d. mixing the raw materials for standby after the treatment of the steps a, b and c to obtain an ensiling mixture;
(3) ensiling treatment: and (3) uniformly mixing the silage mixture obtained in the step (2) with the nutritional additive obtained in the step (1) to obtain a mixed fermentation material, paving a film on a cellar, then loading the mixed fermentation material into the cellar, sequentially paving 10 cm-thick mixed fermentation material, pouring fermentation liquor, wherein the weight ratio of the mixed fermentation material to the fermentation liquor is 100:3, tamping, paving the mixed fermentation material upwards, repeating the method until the cellar is filled with the mixed fermentation material, then pouring a layer of fermentation additive, then covering a black film, compacting by using a heavy object, covering a cellar wood cover, and finally covering a layer of soil to seal the cellar.
Example 2:
the silage is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80 parts of whole banana stem and leaf, 30 parts of waste cassava residue and 15 parts of rice straw; 5 parts of fermentation liquor, 13 parts of nutrient additive and 5 parts of fermentation additive
The fermentation liquor is prepared by mixing 10 effective bacteria in parts by weight30.9 part of CFU/g pediococcus pentosaceus and 10 effective bacteria number2CFU/g1.6 parts of pediococcus acidilactici, and the effective bacteria amount is 1031.5 parts of CFU/g pediococcus brevis, 2.5 parts of cellulase, 1.5 parts of pectinase, 2 parts of glucose and 30 parts of water;
the nutritional additive is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight, specifically 3 parts of soybeans, 8 parts of anises, 8 parts of Chinese wampee fruit peels, 8 parts of dried orange peels, 3 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 7 parts of urea, 8 parts of magnesite, 0.8 part of boric acid and 0.6 part of ferrous sulfate;
the fermentation additive is prepared by mixing 15% of formaldehyde, 30% of sorbic acid and 18% of hydrochloric acid according to the volume ratio of 3:5: 1.
The processing method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of the prediction:
A. preparation of fermentation liquor: mixing pediococcus pentosaceus, pediococcus acidilactici, pediococcus brevipetalis, cellulase, pectinase, glucose and water in parts by weight for later use;
B. preparation of the nutritional additive: mixing the soybeans, the star anises, the Chinese wampee pericarps, the dried orange peels, monoammonium phosphate, urea, magnesite, boric acid and ferrous sulfate in parts by weight for later use;
C. the fermentation additive is prepared: mixing formaldehyde, sorbic acid and hydrochloric acid according to a volume ratio of 3:5:1 for later use;
(2) preparation of silage mixture:
a. cutting the stems and leaves of the whole banana plant to 5cm, mechanically extruding and dehydrating until the water content is 70% for later use;
b. exposing the waste cassava residues to air during aerobic fermentation for 72 hours, and drying until the water content is less than 45% for later use;
c. drying rice straws with the length of 2cm until the water content is less than 30% for later use;
d. mixing the raw materials for standby after the treatment of the steps a, b and c to obtain an ensiling mixture;
(3) ensiling treatment: and (3) uniformly mixing the silage mixture obtained in the step (2) with the nutrient additive obtained in the step (1) to obtain a mixed fermentation material, paving a membrane on the tank, then loading the mixed fermentation material into the tank, sequentially paving 15 cm-thick mixed fermentation material, then pouring fermentation liquor, wherein the weight ratio of the mixed fermentation material to the fermentation liquor is 150:5, then tamping, then paving the mixed fermentation material upwards, repeating the method until the tank is filled with the mixed fermentation material, then spraying a layer of fermentation additive, then covering a black film, then compacting by using a weight, then covering a tank wood cover, and finally covering a layer of soil and sealing the cellar.
Example 3:
the silage is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70 parts of whole banana stems and leaves, 26 parts of waste cassava residues, 13 parts of rice straws, 3 parts of fermentation liquor, 10 parts of nutrient additives and 2 parts of fermentation additives;
the fermentation liquor is prepared by mixing 10 effective bacteria in parts by weight20.7 part of CFU/g pediococcus pentosaceus, 1.2 parts of pediococcus acidilactici with the effective bacteria number of 10CFU/g and 10 parts of effective bacteria number31.1 parts of CFU/g pediococcus brevis, 2.1 parts of cellulase, 1.1 parts of pectinase, 1.5 parts of glucose and 27 parts of water;
the nutritional additive is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight, specifically 2 parts of soybeans, 6 parts of anises, 5 parts of Chinese wampee pericarp, 4 parts of dried orange peel, 2 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 4 parts of urea, 5 parts of magnesite, 0.6 part of boric acid and 0.4 part of ferrous sulfate;
the fermentation additive is prepared by mixing formaldehyde with the mass concentration of 12%, sorbic acid with the mass concentration of 24% and hydrochloric acid with the mass concentration of 15% according to the volume ratio of 2:3: 1.
The processing method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of the prediction:
A. preparation of fermentation liquor: mixing pediococcus pentosaceus, pediococcus acidilactici, pediococcus brevipetalis, cellulase, pectinase, glucose and water in parts by weight for later use;
B. preparation of the nutritional additive: mixing the soybeans, the star anises, the Chinese wampee pericarps, the dried orange peels, monoammonium phosphate, urea, magnesite, boric acid and ferrous sulfate in parts by weight for later use;
C. the fermentation additive is prepared: mixing formaldehyde, sorbic acid and hydrochloric acid according to the volume ratio of 2:3:1 for later use;
(2) preparation of silage mixture:
a. cutting the stems and leaves of the whole banana plant into pieces with the length of 3cm, and mechanically extruding and dehydrating the pieces until the water content is 70 percent for later use;
b. exposing the waste cassava residues to air during aerobic fermentation for 36 hours, and drying the waste cassava residues until the water content is less than 45% for later use;
c. drying rice straws with the length of 1.5cm until the water content is less than 30% for later use;
d. mixing the raw materials for standby after the treatment of the steps a, b and c to obtain an ensiling mixture;
(3) ensiling treatment: and (3) uniformly mixing the silage mixture obtained in the step (2) with the nutritional additive obtained in the step (1) to obtain a mixed fermentation material, paving a film on a cellar, then loading the mixed fermentation material into the cellar, sequentially paving 12 cm-thick mixed fermentation material, pouring fermentation liquor, wherein the weight ratio of the mixed fermentation material to the fermentation liquor is 125:4, tamping, paving the mixed fermentation material upwards, repeating the method until the cellar is filled with the mixed fermentation material, then pouring a layer of fermentation additive, then covering a black film, compacting by using a heavy object, covering a cellar wood cover, and finally covering a layer of soil to seal the cellar.
Comparative example 1:
the procedure was the same as in example 3, except that no nutritional supplement was added.
Comparative example 2:
the specific procedure is substantially the same as in example 3, except that the effective bacteria count of the fermentation broth is 1031.1 parts of CFU/g pediococcus brevis and cellulase2.1 parts, 1.1 parts of pectinase, 1.5 parts of glucose and 27 parts of water.
Comparative example 3: the procedure is substantially the same as in example 3, except that no fermentation additive is added in step (3).
Taking 300g of silage out of 28 days after the cellar is sealed in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-3, detecting in a laboratory, and determining the content of crude protein by adopting a GB/T6432 Kjeldahl method; measuring the content of crude fat by a GB/T6433 Soxhlet extraction method; determining dry matter content by adopting a GB/T6435 high-temperature drying method; measuring energy by using a bomb calorimeter; the neutral detergent fiber content was determined by the VanSoest method. The silage obtained in examples 1-3 is tested to have less than 5% loss of main nutrients (crude protein, crude fat, dry matter, energy, neutral detergent fiber); the silage obtained in comparative example 1 has a loss of 21% of the main nutrients (crude protein, crude fat, dry matter, energy, neutral detergent fibres); comparative example 2 the silage obtained has a loss of 11% of the main nutrients (crude protein, crude fat, dry matter, energy, neutral detergent fibres); the silage obtained in comparative example 3 has a loss of 9% of the main nutrients (crude protein, crude fat, dry matter, energy, neutral detergent fibres).
The silage is taken out from the working examples 1-3 and the comparative examples 1-3 in 28 days after the cellar is sealed to feed the cows, 5 cows are taken in each group, the variety of each cow is the same, the gestation time and the lactation time are similar, the body weight of the cow is 135-140 kg, the cow is in the milk producing period, 3 cows are eaten in one day, 8 jin are eaten, and the milk yield of the test cow in 7 days in the test period is shown in the following table in 1.
| Item | Every day milk/kg |
| Example 1 | 21.6 |
| Example 2 | 20.5 |
| Example 3 | 22.4 |
| Comparative example 1 | 18.2 |
| Comparative example 2 | 18.9 |
| Comparative example 3 | 19.2 |
As can be seen from the table, the silage obtained by the method has obvious advantages in milk yield compared with the comparative ratio when used for feeding dairy cows.
The above description is intended to describe in detail the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the claims of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made within the technical spirit of the present invention should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A processing method of silage is characterized in that: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of the prediction:
A. preparation of fermentation liquor: mixing 0.5-0.9 part of pediococcus pentosaceus, 0.8-1.6 parts of pediococcus acidilactici, 0.5-1.5 parts of pediococcus brevicaulis, 1.5-2.5 parts of cellulase, 0.8-1.5 parts of pectinase, 1-2 parts of glucose and 20-30 parts of water according to parts by weight for later use;
B. preparation of the nutritional additive: 1-3 parts of soybeans, 2-8 parts of anise, 1-8 parts of wampee pericarp, 3-8 parts of dried orange peel, 1-3 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 2-7 parts of urea, 3-8 parts of magnesite, 0.2-0.8 part of boric acid and 0.2-0.6 part of ferrous sulfate are mixed according to parts by weight for later use;
C. the fermentation additive is prepared: mixing formaldehyde, sorbic acid and hydrochloric acid according to the volume ratio of 1-3:2-5:1 for later use;
(2) preparation of silage mixture:
a. cutting the stems and leaves of the whole banana, and mechanically extruding and dehydrating until the water content is 70% for later use;
b. carrying out aerobic fermentation on the waste cassava residues, and then drying the waste cassava residues until the water content is less than 45% for later use;
c. drying the rice straws until the water content is less than 30% for later use;
d. mixing the raw materials for standby after the treatment of the steps a, b and c to obtain an ensiling mixture;
(3) ensiling treatment: uniformly mixing the silage mixture obtained in the step (2) with the nutritional additive obtained in the step (1) to obtain a mixed fermentation material, paving a film on a cellar or a pool, then loading the mixed fermentation material into the cellar or the pool, sequentially paving the mixed fermentation material with the thickness of 10-15cm, pouring fermentation liquor, tamping, paving the mixed fermentation material upwards, repeating the method until the cellar or the pool is filled, then pouring a layer of fermentation additive, then covering a black film, then compacting the black film by a weight, then covering a cellar or a pool wood cover, and finally covering a layer of soil to seal the cellar;
according to the weight portion, the whole plant banana stem and leaf 60-80 portions, the waste cassava residue 20-30 portions, the rice straw 10-15 portions, the fermentation liquor 1-5 portions, the nutrition additive 8-13 portions and the fermentation additive 1-5 portions.
2. The method for processing silage according to claim 1, wherein: the mass concentration of the formaldehyde is 10-15%; the mass concentration of the sorbic acid is 20-30%; the mass concentration of the hydrochloric acid is 10-18%.
3. The method for processing silage according to claim 1, wherein: the effective number of Pediococcus pentosaceus is 102-103CFU/g, the effective bacteria number of the pediococcus acidilactici is 10-102The effective bacteria number of the CFU/g Pediococcus acidilactici is 102-103CFU/g。
4. The method for processing silage according to claim 1, wherein: the fermentation liquor is prepared by mixing 0.7 part of pediococcus pentosaceus, 1.2 parts of pediococcus acidilactici, 0.9 part of pediococcus brevicaulis, 2.1 parts of cellulase, 1.1 parts of pectinase, 1.5 parts of glucose and 27 parts of water in parts by weight;
the nutritional additive is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight, specifically 2 parts of soybeans, 6 parts of anises, 5 parts of Chinese wampee pericarp, 4 parts of dried orange peels, 2 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 4 parts of urea, 5 parts of magnesite, 0.6 part of boric acid and 0.4 part of ferrous sulfate.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (3), when the fermentation liquor is poured after the mixed fermentation material with the thickness of 10-15cm is paved, the weight ratio of the mixed fermentation material to the fermentation liquor is 100-.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein: the length of the whole plant banana stem and leaf is 2-5 cm.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein: the waste cassava residues are exposed to the air during aerobic fermentation, and the fermentation time is 24-72 hours.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step c, the length of the rice straw is 2-3 cm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611249524.XA CN106578392B (en) | 2016-12-29 | 2016-12-29 | Silage and processing method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611249524.XA CN106578392B (en) | 2016-12-29 | 2016-12-29 | Silage and processing method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106578392A CN106578392A (en) | 2017-04-26 |
| CN106578392B true CN106578392B (en) | 2020-03-20 |
Family
ID=58604084
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611249524.XA Active CN106578392B (en) | 2016-12-29 | 2016-12-29 | Silage and processing method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN106578392B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107912604A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-04-17 | 湖南德人牧业科技有限公司 | A kind of silage composition and preparation method |
| CN109393161A (en) * | 2018-11-08 | 2019-03-01 | 贵州省草业研究所 | A kind of hybrid Chinese pennisetum ensiling functionality compound additive and its application method |
| CN111328912A (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2020-06-26 | 中国热带农业科学院海口实验站 | Silage containing broussonetia papyrifera leaves and banana stems and leaves as well as preparation and application of silage |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104322438A (en) * | 2014-09-29 | 2015-02-04 | 河口鑫利畜牧产业有限公司 | Method for breeding cattle by using banana stems and leaves |
| CN105795098B (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2019-12-24 | 广西中粮生物质能源有限公司 | Cassava residue feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN105248861A (en) * | 2015-11-16 | 2016-01-20 | 广西武宣金泰丰农业科技发展有限公司 | Cassava straw silage and preparation method thereof |
| CN105410350A (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2016-03-23 | 全椒县同创养羊专业合作社 | Composite silage suitable for south and preparation method of composite silage |
-
2016
- 2016-12-29 CN CN201611249524.XA patent/CN106578392B/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106578392A (en) | 2017-04-26 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN101390566B (en) | Manifold microbe mixed culture fermentation agent and method for producing high energy protein biology feedstuff | |
| CN106615613B (en) | Whole-plant silage method for rape | |
| CN104322438A (en) | Method for breeding cattle by using banana stems and leaves | |
| CN107897506A (en) | The production method of Pleurotus eryngii mushroom bran fermented feed and application | |
| CN103750058B (en) | A kind ofly fatten mutton sheep fermented total mixed ration based on high-moisture residual forage | |
| CN106387341A (en) | Broussonetia papyrifera fermented feed and preparation method thereof | |
| CN101455270A (en) | Plant fermentation feedstuff | |
| CN109601743A (en) | A method of production high quality pork feed is prepared using feed mulberry | |
| CN108576406A (en) | A kind of Silaging method of G. gracilis herbage | |
| CN105053535A (en) | Fermented crop straw composition and application thereof | |
| KR20090065428A (en) | A manufacturing method of fermented roughage for ruminants using spent mushroom substrates | |
| CN106578392B (en) | Silage and processing method thereof | |
| CN106937704A (en) | A kind of composite probiotics ferment pleurotus eryngii edible fungi residue feed and its production method | |
| CN101756005A (en) | Fermentation poultry dung feed | |
| CN108378200A (en) | A kind of earthworm feedstuff base and preparation method thereof | |
| CN106615659B (en) | Silage and preparation method thereof | |
| CN109717302A (en) | The organic additive and its application method of ensilage and TMR anti-mildew fresh-keeping | |
| CN105104737A (en) | Method for preparing straw ammoniated feed by using peanut vines as raw material | |
| CN110353087A (en) | The preparation method and fermented feed of rape stalk fermented feed | |
| CN102640852B (en) | Vegetable soybean hull silage and preparation method thereof | |
| CN106615676B (en) | Silage processing method | |
| CN104543335A (en) | Biological fermentation feed containing pleurotus eryngii waste mushroom bran ingredients and used for raising fat meat donkey as well as application of biological fermentation feed | |
| CN105146202A (en) | Production method for producing livestock and poultry feed by fermenting pumpkin bailers or tender pumpkins with probiotics and application | |
| CN112335783A (en) | Mixed silage of sweet sorghum and lemon leaves and preparation method thereof | |
| KR101282989B1 (en) | Method for Manufacturing sweet potato stalk silage and use of thereof |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |