CN106578392A - Silage and processing method thereof - Google Patents
Silage and processing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106578392A CN106578392A CN201611249524.XA CN201611249524A CN106578392A CN 106578392 A CN106578392 A CN 106578392A CN 201611249524 A CN201611249524 A CN 201611249524A CN 106578392 A CN106578392 A CN 106578392A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of feed processing, and particularly relates to silage and a processing method thereof. The silage comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of stems and leaves of whole banana plants, 20-30 parts of waste cassava residue, 10-15 parts of rice straw, 1-5 parts of fermentation liquor, 8-13 parts of a nutrition additive and 1-5 parts of a fermentation additive. The processing method comprises the following steps: (1) preparation of raw materials, (2) preparation of a silage mixture, and (3) silage treatment. The silage obtained from the invention is loose, does not stick to hand, is glossy and bright, and has obvious sweetish taste and high comfortable sensation, and the content of ammoniacal nitrogen/total ammonia is smaller than 5%. The processing method is simple and convenient to operate.
Description
【Technical field】
The invention belongs to feed processing technology field, and in particular to a kind of ensilage and its processing method.
【Background technology】
Ensilage be by moisture content for 65%-75% green forage Jing chopping after, under conditions of airtight anoxia, lead to
Cross the fermentation of anaerobism lactic acid bacteria, form sour environment, suppress the breeding of various miscellaneous bacterias, and a kind of roughage for obtaining.It is blue or green
Storage feed smell acid perfume, soft and succulency, good palatability, it is nutritious, beneficial to preserving for a long time, be the Herbivore man such as ox, sheep
Poultry excellent food source, be also solve Livestock Production in winter lack one of main method of fresh herbage.Ensilage is
By carrying out to green forage made by anaerobic fermentation, its production principle is the promotion lactic acid bacteria amount reproduction in anaerobic environment,
Soluble sugar is set to be converted into lactic acid and accumulate to finite concentration；Lactobacillus-fermented decomposes after carbohydrate, and the carbon dioxide of generation enters
One step excludes air, and the lactic acid of secretion causes feed in faintly acid (pH value 3.5-4.2), can effectively suppress other microorganism lifes
It is long, so as to effectively suppress spoilage organisms so that the nutriment in ensilage is preserved for a long time.
At present, most of ensilage is directly prescinded, pressed using herbage (conventional sweet broomcorn straw, maize straw etc.)
Real, sealing is produced.Due to the lactic acid bacterium number that plant itself carries it is limited, it is difficult to quickly form lactic fermentation so that rotten
Lose that the bacterium activity time is long, the pH of ensilage declines slow, causes ensilage nutritive loss excessive, or even causes ensilage
It is corrupt.In order to allow lactic acid bacteria to rapidly become dominant bacteria, accelerate the pH decrease speeds of ensilage, so as to reduce supporting for ensilage
Divide loss, improve ensilage quality, people add the additives such as lactic acid bacteria, organic acid and Related product simultaneously in ensilage
Achieve good effect.But a large amount of agricultural byproducts that south China planting industry and its processing are produced ----complete stool banana stem leaves,
Discarded manioc waste, bagasse etc. fail always and are processed into ensilage and are applied to animal feeding.Therefore, these feeds are developed
Resource, improves production status either for the husbandry sector of wide farmers, or for social materialss supply and resources conservation,
All have great importance and be worth.
【The content of the invention】
It is an object of the invention to：A kind of ensilage and its processing method are provided, the ensilage for obtaining loosely does not glue
Hand, glossy yellow, sugariness are obvious, comfort is strong, and ammoniacal nitrogen/total ammonia content reaches ＜ 5%, total acid content and reaches 1.84-
2.15%, water soluble carbohydrates reach 57.4-68.1%, and pH value is 3.7-3.9；The processing method is simple to operation.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows：
A kind of ensilage, in parts by weight, including following raw material is made：It is complete stool banana stem, leaf 60-80 parts, useless
Abandon manioc waste 20-30 parts, rice straw 10-15 parts, zymotic fluid 1-5 parts, nourishing additive agent 8-13 parts, fermenting additive 1-5 parts；
The zymotic fluid specifically in parts by weight, by Pediococcus pentosaceus 0.5-0.9 parts, Pediococcus acidilactici 0.8-
1.6 parts, short Pediococcus acidilactici 0.5-1.5 parts, cellulase 1.5-2.5 parts, pectase 0.8-1.5 parts, glucose 1-2 parts, water
20-30 parts are mixed；
The nourishing additive agent makes the raw material of following parts by weight, specially soya bean 1-3 parts, anise 2-8 parts, Calusena lansium
Fruit pericarp 1-8 parts, dried orange peel 3-8 parts, MAP 1-3 parts, urea 2-7 parts, magnesite 3-8 parts, boric acid 0.2-0.8 parts, sulfuric acid
Ferrous 0.2-0.6 parts；
The fermenting additive be by formaldehyde, sorbic acid and hydrochloric acid according to volume ratio be 1-3:2-5:1 mixes.
Further instruction, the mass concentration of the formaldehyde is 10-15%；The mass concentration of the sorbic acid is 20-
30%；The mass concentration of the hydrochloric acid is 10-18%.
Further instruction, effective bacterium number amount of the Pediococcus pentosaceus is 102-103CFU/g, Pediococcus acidilactici it is effective
Bacterium number amount is 10-102CFU/g, effective bacterium number amount of short Pediococcus acidilactici are 102-103CFU/g。
Preferably, the zymotic fluid specifically in parts by weight, by 0.7 part of Pediococcus pentosaceus, Pediococcus acidilactici 1.2
Part, 0.9 part of short Pediococcus acidilactici, 2.1 parts of cellulase, 1.1 parts of pectase, 1.5 parts of glucose, 27 parts of water are mixed；
The nourishing additive agent makes the raw material of following parts by weight, specially 2 parts of soya bean, anistree 6 parts, clausenae Lansium fruit
5 parts of skin, 4 parts of dried orange peel, 2 parts of MAP, 4 parts of urea, 5 parts of magnesite, 0.6 part of boric acid, 0.4 part of ferrous sulfate.
A kind of ensilage as above and its processing method, the processing method specifically includes following steps：
(1) preparation expected：
The preparation of A, zymotic fluid：In parts by weight, by Pediococcus pentosaceus, Pediococcus acidilactici, short Pediococcus acidilactici, fibre
The plain enzyme of dimension, pectase, glucose, water mixing, it is stand-by；
The preparation of B, nourishing additive agent：In parts by weight, by soya bean, anise, clausenae Lansium pericarp, dried orange peel, phosphoric acid one
It is stand-by after ammonium, urea, magnesite, boric acid, ferrous sulfate mixing；
C, fermenting additive are to prepare：By formaldehyde, sorbic acid and hydrochloric acid according to volume ratio be 1-3:2-5:After 1 mixing, treat
With；
(2) preparation of ensiling compound：
A, by complete stool banana stem, leaf chopping after mechanical presses be dehydrated to moisture content be 70%, it is stand-by；
B, by discarded manioc waste after aerobic fermentation, re-dry is processed as moisture content less than after 45%, stand-by；
C, by rice straw dried process be moisture content less than after 30%, it is stand-by；
D, stand-by raw material after above-mentioned steps a, b, c process is mixed to get into ensiling compound；
(3) ensiling is processed：The nourishing additive agent that the ensiling compound that step (2) is obtained is obtained with step (1) mixes
Mixed fermentation material is obtained after even, film is spread on cellar or pond, then load mixed fermentation material in cellar or pond, be followed successively by elder generation
Sprinkle fermentation liquid after paving 10-15cm thick mixed fermentation material, then tamps, then toward upper berth mixed fermentation material, repeats said method
Drench one layer of fermenting additive after until filling up cellar or pond again, then cover black film, then, with weight compression, then cover above
Upper cellar or pond wooden cover finally cover again one layer of soil envelope cellar for storing things.
Further instruction, it is described in sprinkle fermentation liquid after spreading the thick mixed fermentation material of 10-15cm in step (3),
Mixed fermentation material is 100-150 with the weight ratio of zymotic fluid:3-5.
Further instruction, the complete stool banana stem, the length of leaf chopping are 2-5cm.
Further instruction, is exposed in air during the discarded manioc waste aerobic fermentation, and the time of fermentation is that 24-72 is little
When.
Further instruction, in step c, the length of the rice straw is 2-3cm.
In sum, as a result of above-mentioned technical proposal, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows：
In the zymotic fluid of the present invention, Pediococcus pentosaceus, Pediococcus acidilactici, short Pediococcus acidilactici belong to the lactic acid bacteria of homotype,
Can be mutually promoted the more lactic acid of generation, and the increasing that more energy promote lactic acid can be provided under the existence condition of molasses
Long, when ensiling is processed, air is excluded as far as possible, and then provides anaerobic condition contributes to the breeding of lactic acid bacteria, promotes lactic acid to produce
It is raw；In zymotic fluid also with addition of cellulase, lipase also can molasses provide energy in the case of amount reproduction, so as to produce
The substantial amounts of effective beneficial bacterium of life, decomposes nourishing additive agent, and soya bean contains substantial amounts of carbon, containing a large amount of on clausenae Lansium pericarp
Profitable strain, vitamin and cellulose, dried orange peel itself has acid adjustment to act on, and can promote the generation of lactic acid bacteria, and it also has regulation
The effect of feed mouthfeel and taste, anistree a kind of spices of effect itself has one strong fragrance, but it is during the fermentation
Discharge substantial amounts of aromatic oil, fat oil, protein and be fermented liquid decomposition, in being housed in ensilage, increase supporting for ensilage
Point, after the ensilage of animal edible the application, the material after dried orange peel and anistree fermentation has the stomach of certain mediation animal
Middle gas, promotes digestion, stomach invigorating so that animal has a good appetite, promotes growth of animal and the physiological problem such as give milk；Edible
Pericarp can also take full advantage of discarded object, turn waste into wealth, and provide new utilizing to discarded object and process road, nutrition addition
Agent includes siccative, wet feed and mineral matter, and with addition of zymotic fluid be made up of various enzymes and zymophyte, each material composition
Composition different (fiber content is more, fruit material element etc.), existing profitable strain and the ratio of pernicious bacteria is also not quite similar,
With addition of zymotic fluid group into flora quickly account for leading position with addition of so that profitable strain for the characteristic of material, liquid energy of fermenting
The rapid acid content that material fermentation is increased material, suppresses the growth of pernicious bacteria so that the content of harmful aspergillus flavus is pressed
The profitable strain amount reproductions such as system and dramatic decrease, lactic acid bacteria, and metabolite suppression fungal bacterial strain or degradative fungi can be produced
Toxin is nontoxic or the relatively low compound of toxicity, so as to reduce the harm of mycotoxin, and then causes feed to preserve this
The nutrition of body, also extra addition organic nutrient, mineral nutrients, the nutrient of abundantization ensilage；When ensiling process is carried out
Fermenting additive is also drenched from top to bottom, and the fermenting additive can further suppress harmful microbe to breed, drench from top to bottom
Be the applicant is found by multiple experimental study, when piling up more up, the lactic acid bacterium amount of generation at the same time between upper get over
It is few, suppress harmful microbe to grow so continuing addition when producing few, so can preferably solve on ensilage,
In, the uniformity of lower floor's mouthfeel and texture.The preparation method of the present invention is simple to operation, with great generalization；The present invention
The ensilage for obtaining is loosely tack-free, and glossy yellow, sugariness are obvious, comfort is strong, ammoniacal nitrogen/total ammonia content reach ＜ 5%,
Total acid content reaches 1.84-2.15%, and water soluble carbohydrates reach 57.4-68.1%, and pH value is 3.7-3.9.
【Specific embodiment】
All features disclosed in this specification, or disclosed all methods or during the step of, except mutually exclusive
Feature and/or step beyond, can combine by any way.
Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any accessory claim, summary), unless specifically stated otherwise,
Equivalent by other or with similar purpose alternative features are replaced.I.e., unless specifically stated otherwise, each feature is a series of
An example in equivalent or similar characteristics.
Embodiment 1：
A kind of ensilage, in parts by weight, including following raw material is made：Complete stool banana stem, 60 parts of leaf, discarded wood
20 parts of potato slag, 10 parts of rice straw, 1 part of zymotic fluid, 8 parts of nourishing additive agent, 1 part of fermenting additive；
Effective bacterium number amount is 10 specifically in parts by weight by the zymotic fluid2The Pediococcus pentosaceus 0.5 of CFU/g
Part, effective bacterium number amount be 0.8 part of the Pediococcus acidilactici of 10CFU/g, effective bacterium number amount be 102The short Pediococcus acidilactici 0.5 of CFU/g
Part, 1.5 parts of cellulase, 0.8 part of pectase, 1 part of glucose, 20 parts of water are mixed；
The nourishing additive agent makes the raw material of following parts by weight, specially 1 part of soya bean, anistree 2 parts, clausenae Lansium fruit
1 part of skin, 3 parts of dried orange peel, 1 part of MAP, 2 parts of urea, 3 parts of magnesite, 0.2 part of boric acid, 0.2 part of ferrous sulfate；
The fermenting additive is dense by the formaldehyde that mass concentration is 10%, the sorbic acid that mass concentration is 20% and quality
Spend for 10% hydrochloric acid according to volume ratio be 1:2:1 mixes.
Above-mentioned raw materials proportioning is made into a kind of ensilage, the processing method specifically includes following steps：
(1) preparation expected：
The preparation of A, zymotic fluid：In parts by weight, by Pediococcus pentosaceus, Pediococcus acidilactici, short Pediococcus acidilactici, fibre
The plain enzyme of dimension, pectase, glucose, water mixing, it is stand-by；
The preparation of B, nourishing additive agent：In parts by weight, by soya bean, anise, clausenae Lansium pericarp, dried orange peel, phosphoric acid one
It is stand-by after ammonium, urea, magnesite, boric acid, ferrous sulfate mixing；
C, fermenting additive are to prepare：By formaldehyde, sorbic acid and hydrochloric acid according to volume ratio be 1:2:It is stand-by after 1 mixing；
(2) preparation of ensiling compound：
A, by complete stool banana stem, leaf shred to length be 2cm after mechanical presses be dehydrated to moisture content be 70%, treat
With；
B, by discarded manioc waste aerobic fermentation when be exposed in air, time of fermentation is 24 hours, and re-dry is processed as
It is stand-by after moisture content is less than 45%；
C, by length be 3cm rice straws dried process be moisture content less than after 30%, it is stand-by；
D, stand-by raw material after above-mentioned steps a, b, c process is mixed to get into ensiling compound；
(3) ensiling is processed：The nourishing additive agent that the ensiling compound that step (2) is obtained is obtained with step (1) mixes
Mixed fermentation material is obtained after even, film is spread on cellar, then load mixed fermentation material in cellar, be followed successively by first paving 10cm thick
Mixed fermentation material after sprinkle fermentation liquid, the weight ratio of mixed fermentation material and zymotic fluid is 100:3, then tamp, then toward upper berth
Mixed fermentation material, after repeating said method until filling up cellar one layer of fermenting additive is drenched again, then covers black film, then upper
Face is compressed with weight, is then covered cellar wooden cover and is finally covered one layer of soil envelope cellar for storing things again.
Embodiment 2：
A kind of ensilage, in parts by weight, including following raw material is made：Complete stool banana stem, 80 parts of leaf, discarded wood
30 parts of potato slag, 15 parts of rice straw,；5 parts of zymotic fluid, 13 parts of nourishing additive agent, 5 parts of fermenting additive
Effective bacterium number amount is 10 specifically in parts by weight by the zymotic fluid3The Pediococcus pentosaceus 0.9 of CFU/g
Part, effective bacterium number amount are 102CFU/g1.6 parts of Pediococcus acidilactici, effective bacterium number amount be 103The short Pediococcus acidilactici 1.5 of CFU/g
Part, 2.5 parts of cellulase, 1.5 parts of pectase, 2 parts of glucose, 30 parts of water are mixed；
The nourishing additive agent makes the raw material of following parts by weight, specially 3 parts of soya bean, anistree 8 parts, clausenae Lansium fruit
8 parts of skin, 8 parts of dried orange peel, 3 parts of MAP, 7 parts of urea, 8 parts of magnesite, 0.8 part of boric acid, 0.6 part of ferrous sulfate；
The fermenting additive is dense by the formaldehyde that mass concentration is 15%, the sorbic acid that mass concentration is 30% and quality
Spend for 18% hydrochloric acid according to volume ratio be 3:5:1 mixes.
Above-mentioned raw materials proportioning is made into a kind of ensilage, the processing method specifically includes following steps：
(1) preparation expected：
The preparation of A, zymotic fluid：In parts by weight, by Pediococcus pentosaceus, Pediococcus acidilactici, short Pediococcus acidilactici, fibre
The plain enzyme of dimension, pectase, glucose, water mixing, it is stand-by；
The preparation of B, nourishing additive agent：In parts by weight, by soya bean, anise, clausenae Lansium pericarp, dried orange peel, phosphoric acid one
It is stand-by after ammonium, urea, magnesite, boric acid, ferrous sulfate mixing；
C, fermenting additive are to prepare：By formaldehyde, sorbic acid and hydrochloric acid according to volume ratio be 3:5:It is stand-by after 1 mixing；
(2) preparation of ensiling compound：
A, by complete stool banana stem, leaf shred to length be 5cm after mechanical presses be dehydrated to moisture content be 70%, treat
With；
B, by discarded manioc waste aerobic fermentation when be exposed in air, time of fermentation is 72 hours, and re-dry is processed as
It is stand-by after moisture content is less than 45%；
C, by length be 2cm rice straws dried process be moisture content less than after 30%, it is stand-by；
D, stand-by raw material after above-mentioned steps a, b, c process is mixed to get into ensiling compound；
(3) ensiling is processed：The nourishing additive agent that the ensiling compound that step (2) is obtained is obtained with step (1) mixes
Mixed fermentation material is obtained after even, film is spread on pond, then load mixed fermentation material in pond, be followed successively by and first spread the mixed of 15cm thickness
Sprinkle fermentation liquid after fermentation material is closed, mixed fermentation material is 150 with the weight ratio of zymotic fluid:5, then tamp, then toward upper berth mixing
Fermentation material, after repeating said method until filling up pond one layer of fermenting additive is drenched again, then covers black film, then above with weight
Thing is compressed, and is then covered pond wooden cover and is finally covered one layer of soil envelope cellar for storing things again.
Embodiment 3：
A kind of ensilage, in parts by weight, including following raw material is made：Complete stool banana stem, 70 parts of leaf, discarded wood
26 parts of potato slag, 13 parts of rice straw, 3 parts of zymotic fluid, 10 parts of nourishing additive agent, 2 parts of fermenting additive；
Effective bacterium number amount is 10 specifically in parts by weight by the zymotic fluid2The Pediococcus pentosaceus 0.7 of CFU/g
Part, effective bacterium number amount be 1.2 parts of the Pediococcus acidilactici of 10CFU/g, effective bacterium number amount be 103The short Pediococcus acidilactici 1.1 of CFU/g
Part, 2.1 parts of cellulase, 1.1 parts of pectase, 1.5 parts of glucose, 27 parts of water are mixed；
The nourishing additive agent makes the raw material of following parts by weight, specially 2 parts of soya bean, anistree 6 parts, clausenae Lansium fruit
5 parts of skin, 4 parts of dried orange peel, 2 parts of MAP, 4 parts of urea, 5 parts of magnesite, 0.6 part of boric acid, 0.4 part of ferrous sulfate；
The fermenting additive is dense by the formaldehyde that mass concentration is 12%, the sorbic acid that mass concentration is 24% and quality
Spend for 15% hydrochloric acid according to volume ratio be 2:3:1 mixes.
Above-mentioned raw materials proportioning is made into a kind of ensilage, the processing method specifically includes following steps：
(1) preparation expected：
The preparation of A, zymotic fluid：In parts by weight, by Pediococcus pentosaceus, Pediococcus acidilactici, short Pediococcus acidilactici, fibre
The plain enzyme of dimension, pectase, glucose, water mixing, it is stand-by；
The preparation of B, nourishing additive agent：In parts by weight, by soya bean, anise, clausenae Lansium pericarp, dried orange peel, phosphoric acid one
It is stand-by after ammonium, urea, magnesite, boric acid, ferrous sulfate mixing；
C, fermenting additive are to prepare：By formaldehyde, sorbic acid and hydrochloric acid according to volume ratio be 2:3:It is stand-by after 1 mixing；
(2) preparation of ensiling compound：
A, by complete stool banana stem, leaf shred to length be 3cm after mechanical presses be dehydrated to moisture content be 70%, treat
With；
B, by discarded manioc waste aerobic fermentation when be exposed in air, time of fermentation is 36 hours, and re-dry is processed as
It is stand-by after moisture content is less than 45%；
C, by length be 1.5cm rice straws dried process be moisture content less than after 30%, it is stand-by；
D, stand-by raw material after above-mentioned steps a, b, c process is mixed to get into ensiling compound；
(3) ensiling is processed：The nourishing additive agent that the ensiling compound that step (2) is obtained is obtained with step (1) mixes
Mixed fermentation material is obtained after even, film is spread on cellar, then load mixed fermentation material in cellar, be followed successively by first paving 12cm thick
Mixed fermentation material after sprinkle fermentation liquid, the weight ratio of mixed fermentation material and zymotic fluid is 125:4, then tamp, then toward upper berth
Mixed fermentation material, after repeating said method until filling up cellar one layer of fermenting additive is drenched again, then covers black film, then upper
Face is compressed with weight, is then covered cellar wooden cover and is finally covered one layer of soil envelope cellar for storing things again.
Comparative example 1：
Concrete steps are same as Example 3, and difference is not add nourishing additive agent.
Comparative example 2：
Concrete steps are substantially the same manner as Example 3, and it is 10 by effective bacterium number amount that difference is zymotic fluid3The short breast of CFU/g
1.1 parts of sour piece coccus, 2.1 parts of cellulase, 1.1 parts of pectase, 1.5 parts of glucose, 27 parts of water are mixed.
Comparative example 3：Concrete steps are substantially the same manner as Example 3, and difference is not add fermentation addition in step (3)
Agent.
The each 300g of ensilage is taken out in 28 days of embodiment 1-3 and comparative example 1-3 behind envelope cellar for storing things, in test in laboratory,
Using GB/T6432 Kjeldahl nitrogen determination gross protein values；Using GB/T6433 determination of crude oil by Soxhlet extraction；
Dry matter content is determined using GB/T6435 high temperature drying techniques；Energy is determined using bomb calorimeter；Surveyed using VanSoest methods
Determine neutral detergent fiber content.Detection find, embodiment 1-3 gained ensilage Main Nutrients (thick protein, crude fat,
Dry, energy, neutral detergent fiber) it is lost in less than 5%；Main Nutrients (the crude protein of the gained ensilage of comparative example 1
Matter, crude fat, dry, energy, neutral detergent fiber) it is lost in 21%；The Main Nutrients of the gained ensilage of comparative example 2
(thick protein, crude fat, dry, energy, neutral detergent fiber) is lost in 11%；The master of the gained ensilage of comparative example 3
Nutrient (thick protein, crude fat, dry, energy, neutral detergent fiber) is wanted to be lost in 9%.
28 days of embodiment 1-3 and comparative example 1-3 behind envelope cellar for storing things are taken out into ensilage to raise milk cow, per group 5
Head, parity identical per cow head kind and lactating time it is close, body weight in the milk cow of 135-140 kilogram of phase of giving milk, one day
3 meal, 8 jin of a meal, the 7 days output of milk such as following tables of test ox in 1 experimental period.
| Project | Daily per/kg of giving milk |
| Embodiment 1 | 21.6 |
| Embodiment 2 | 20.5 |
| Embodiment 3 | 22.4 |
| Comparative example 1 | 18.2 |
| Comparative example 2 | 18.9 |
| Comparative example 3 | 19.2 |
As seen from the above table, the ensilage breeding milk cow for being obtained using the application method, the output of milk compares comparative example bright
Aobvious advantage.
Described above is the detailed description for the present invention preferably possible embodiments, but embodiment is not limited to this
Bright patent claim, the equal change completed under the technical spirit suggested by all present invention or modification change, all should belong to
Cover the scope of the claims in the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of ensilage, it is characterised in that：In parts by weight, including following raw material is made：Complete stool banana stem, leaf
60-80 parts, discarded manioc waste 20-30 parts, rice straw 10-15 parts, zymotic fluid 1-5 parts, nourishing additive agent 8-13 parts, fermentation add
Plus agent 1-5 parts；
The zymotic fluid specifically in parts by weight, by Pediococcus pentosaceus 0.5-0.9 parts, Pediococcus acidilactici 0.8-1.6 parts,
Short Pediococcus acidilactici 0.5-1.5 parts, cellulase 1.5-2.5 parts, pectase 0.8-1.5 parts, glucose 1-2 parts, water 20-30 parts
It is mixed；
The nourishing additive agent makes the raw material of following parts by weight, specially soya bean 1-3 parts, anise 2-8 parts, clausenae Lansium fruit
Skin 1-8 parts, dried orange peel 3-8 parts, MAP 1-3 parts, urea 2-7 parts, magnesite 3-8 parts, boric acid 0.2-0.8 parts, ferrous sulfate
0.2-0.6 parts；
The fermenting additive be by formaldehyde, sorbic acid and hydrochloric acid according to volume ratio be 1-3:2-5:1 mixes.
2. a kind of ensilage according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The mass concentration of the formaldehyde is 10-15%；
The mass concentration of the sorbic acid is 20-30%；The mass concentration of the hydrochloric acid is 10-18%.
3. a kind of ensilage according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Effective bacterium number amount of the Pediococcus pentosaceus is
102-103CFU/g, effective bacterium number amount of Pediococcus acidilactici are 10-102CFU/g, effective bacterium number amount of short Pediococcus acidilactici are
102-103CFU/g。
4. a kind of ensilage according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The zymotic fluid is specifically according to parts by weight
Meter, by 0.7 part of Pediococcus pentosaceus, 1.2 parts of Pediococcus acidilactici, 0.9 part of short Pediococcus acidilactici, 2.1 parts of cellulase, pectase
1.1 parts, 1.5 parts of glucose, 27 parts of water is mixed；
The nourishing additive agent makes the raw material of following parts by weight, specially 2 parts of soya bean, anistree 6 parts, clausenae Lansium pericarp 5
Part, 4 parts of dried orange peel, 2 parts of MAP, 4 parts of urea, 5 parts of magnesite, 0.6 part of boric acid, 0.4 part of ferrous sulfate.
5. a kind of ensilage and its processing method according to claim 1-4 any one, it is characterised in that：The processing
Method specifically includes following steps：
(1) preparation expected：
The preparation of A, zymotic fluid：In parts by weight, by Pediococcus pentosaceus, Pediococcus acidilactici, short Pediococcus acidilactici, cellulose
Enzyme, pectase, glucose, water mixing, it is stand-by；
The preparation of B, nourishing additive agent：In parts by weight, by soya bean, anise, clausenae Lansium pericarp, dried orange peel, MAP, urine
It is stand-by after element, magnesite, boric acid, ferrous sulfate mixing；
C, fermenting additive are to prepare：By formaldehyde, sorbic acid and hydrochloric acid according to volume ratio be 1-3:2-5:It is stand-by after 1 mixing；
(2) preparation of ensiling compound：
A, by complete stool banana stem, leaf chopping after mechanical presses be dehydrated to moisture content be 70%, it is stand-by；
B, by discarded manioc waste after aerobic fermentation, re-dry is processed as moisture content less than after 45%, stand-by；
C, by rice straw dried process be moisture content less than after 30%, it is stand-by；
D, stand-by raw material after above-mentioned steps a, b, c process is mixed to get into ensiling compound；
(3) ensiling is processed：After the nourishing additive agent that the ensiling compound that step (2) is obtained is obtained with step (1) is well mixed
Mixed fermentation material is obtained, film is spread on cellar or pond, then load mixed fermentation material in cellar or pond, be followed successively by and first spread
Sprinkle fermentation liquid after 10-15cm thick mixed fermentation material, then tamps, then toward upper berth mixed fermentation material, repeats said method straight
Drench one layer of fermenting additive again to after filling up cellar or pond, then cover black film, then, with weight compression, then cover above
Cellar or pond wooden cover finally cover again one layer of soil envelope cellar for storing things.
6. method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：In step (3), the mixing thick in paving 10-15cm
After fermentation material during sprinkle fermentation liquid, mixed fermentation material is 100-150 with the weight ratio of zymotic fluid:3-5.
7. method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The complete stool banana stem, the length of leaf chopping are 2-5cm.
8. method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：Air is exposed to during the discarded manioc waste aerobic fermentation
In, the time of fermentation is 24-72 hours.
9. method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：In step c, the length of the rice straw is 2-3cm.
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| CN107912604A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-04-17 | 湖南德人牧业科技有限公司 | A kind of silage composition and preparation method |
| CN109393161A (en) * | 2018-11-08 | 2019-03-01 | 贵州省草业研究所 | A kind of hybrid Chinese pennisetum ensiling functionality compound additive and its application method |
| CN111328912A (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2020-06-26 | 中国热带农业科学院海口实验站 | Silage containing broussonetia papyrifera leaves and banana stems and leaves as well as preparation and application of silage |
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| CN109393161A (en) * | 2018-11-08 | 2019-03-01 | 贵州省草业研究所 | A kind of hybrid Chinese pennisetum ensiling functionality compound additive and its application method |
| CN111328912A (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2020-06-26 | 中国热带农业科学院海口实验站 | Silage containing broussonetia papyrifera leaves and banana stems and leaves as well as preparation and application of silage |
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