CN106720997A - A kind of enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation cooperates with whole-plant Corn Silage new technology - Google Patents
A kind of enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation cooperates with whole-plant Corn Silage new technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN106720997A CN106720997A CN201611118257.2A CN201611118257A CN106720997A CN 106720997 A CN106720997 A CN 106720997A CN 201611118257 A CN201611118257 A CN 201611118257A CN 106720997 A CN106720997 A CN 106720997A
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
- A23V2400/11—Lactobacillus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
- A23V2400/11—Lactobacillus
- A23V2400/169—Plantarum
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
- A23V2400/41—Pediococcus
- A23V2400/427—Pentosaceus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
- A23V2400/51—Bifidobacterium
- A23V2400/517—Bifidum
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation collaboration whole-plant Corn Silage new technology, belong to field of feed processing.The present invention is with whole-plant corn as raw material, it is aided with clover, marine alga, by complex enzyme zymohydrolysis and two step biofermentation collaboration techniques, a kind of enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation collaboration whole-plant Corn Silage new technology is provided, solve the critical bottleneck in existing whole-plant Corn Silage technology, whole corn silage Forage Nutritive Value is improved, secondary fermentation is prevented and treated.The invention has the advantages that being acted synergistically by the enzymolysis of complex enzyme and microbial fermentation, it is small molecular material that the ANFs in the raw materials such as maize straw is carried out biodegradable, and the harmful substances such as phytic acid are eliminated；And the fermentation for passing through compound lactobacillus, it is obviously improved the quality and nutritional ingredient of product.Product Forage Nutritive Value is high, significant through raising development for promoting grain with preferable application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation collaboration whole-plant Corn Silage new technology, belong to field of feed processing.
Background technology
Although China be large agricultural country, but is had a large population and a few land, and grain-production is not enough, feeding grain shortage.Though China's grassland area
Greatly, due to natural and man-made calamities, grassland is caused seriously to degenerate, the serious development that govern animal husbandry that forage grass is not enough.With China's herding
The development of aquaculture, by present Grain Production Level and animal feed conversion rate level calculation, to the year two thousand twenty China feed breach
More than 1.2 hundred million tons are up to, feed resource problem is increasingly tight, in order to solve the problems, such as that people and animals strive grain, it is necessary to develop new feed
Resource.No.1 Central File in 2015 refer to " to accelerate development careless animal husbandry, support the plantation of the fodder grasses such as silage corn and clover,
Carry out grain and change feeding and breeding binding pattern pilot, promote grain, industrial crops, the coordinated development of fodder grass triple refrigeration；With
Corn planting structural adjustment is attached most importance to, and carrier is developed into herbivorous stock raising, and guiding corn kernel is stored up to utilize and is changed into complete stool
Ensiling utilization, drives straw circulating to utilize and conversion increment, and then the side that propulsion plant of grain crops is planted to Forage Crop
To transformation, build breeding circulation, produce plus one, grain raise take into account, the novel agricultural production structure of the coordination of farming and animal husbandry ".It can be seen that,
Under " grain security " strategy, animal feeding-stuff consumption has been included into national industrial policies, sets up complete grain through raising ternary plantation knot
Structure, gets through crop cultivation and aquaculture circulation channel, and lengthening manufacturing chain, raising overall economic efficiency has turned into the important of structure novel agricultural structure
Point of penetration.
It is at present the primary raw material for making ensilage in China's corn.Whole corn silage feed nutrition enriches, agreeable to the taste
Property it is good, be the high-quality such as ox, sheep roughage source.Feeding ensilage can effectively improve the increment of feeding animals, reduce
The generation of disease, particularly can effectively solve the problems, such as that winter, season in spring two lack green succulent feed.Many areas are due to ensiling skill
Art is unqualified, and nutrient loss is serious in ensilage, causes ensilage inferior quality, causes serious wastage of material.Mesh
The preceding research on ensilage is concentrated mainly on the research of silage additive, by adding the silage additive can be with
Improve its silage effect, prevent secondary fermentation；But because additives for ensiling is influenceed larger by environment, raw material etc., so research knot
Had differences between fruit, it is difficult to realize scale application.Current grain needs corn complete stool badly through raising the main trend as industry development
The integrated and application of ensilage industrial key-technology, to improve efficiency of feed utilization, propulsion China Agricultural recycling economy is sustainable
Development.
The content of the invention
To overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation collaboration whole-plant Corn Silage
New technology, solves the critical bottleneck in existing whole-plant Corn Silage technology, improves whole corn silage Forage Nutritive Value, preventing and treating
Secondary fermentation.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs：
The present invention provides a kind of enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation collaboration whole-plant Corn Silage new technology, it is characterised in that including following mass fraction
Raw material：90~95 parts of whole-plant corn, 5~10 parts of clover, 1~2 part of marine alga.
The present invention provides a kind of enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation collaboration whole-plant Corn Silage new technology, it is characterised in that specifically include following step
Suddenly：
（1）Pretreatment of raw material：After whole-plant corn is crushed, according to 90~95 parts of whole-plant corn, 5~10 parts of clover, marine alga 1~2
The quality proportioning mixed material of part, adjustment water content to 30~40%；
（2）Enzymolysis processing：Add material quality than 3~5% cellulases, 2~3% zytases, 1~2% amylase, stirring is equal
It is even, 40~50 DEG C of 6~8d of holding of temperature control under dampness；
（3）Prior fermentation treatment：To the brewer's yeast that mass ratio 0.2~0.5% is added in ensiling material, in 28~35 DEG C of conditions
2~3d of lower ventilating fermentation；Then inoculation quality is than 0.5~1% acetic acid bacteria, 2~3d of sealed fermenting under the conditions of 28~35 DEG C；
（4）Later stage fermentation treatment：According to ensiling quality of material than the compound lactobacillus microbial inoculum that 1~2% addition has been activated, Ran Houfeng
Cellar for storing things sealed fermenting, whole-plant Corn Silage feed is obtained final product after 60~80d of fermentation.
The Cutting Length of above-mentioned whole-plant corn is 1~2cm.
Above-mentioned marine alga can be the mixture of one or more in sea-tangle, sargassum thunbergii, sargassum, Enteromorpha, sargassum kjellmanianum Yendo.
The addition manner of above-mentioned saccharomycete is that saccharomycete is dissolved in pure water according to the ratio of mass ratio 1%, then will be contained
The aqueous solution for having saccharomycete is manually uniformly sprayed on material.
The addition manner of above-mentioned acetic acid bacteria is that acetic acid bacteria is dissolved in pure water according to the ratio of mass ratio 2%, then will be contained
The aqueous solution for having acetic acid bacteria is manually uniformly sprayed on material.
Above-mentioned lactic acid bacteria strain composition be Lactobacillus plantarum, Pediococcus pentosaceus, bifidobacterium bifidum and Bu Shi lactobacillus,
Its proportion of composing is 3:2:3:2.
The addition manner of above-mentioned lactic acid bacteria is that lactic acid bacteria is dissolved in pure water according to the ratio of mass ratio 1%, then will be contained
The aqueous solution for having lactic acid bacteria is manually uniformly sprayed on material.
The present invention provides a kind of enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation collaboration whole-plant Corn Silage new technology, gained whole-plant Corn Silage feed product
Quality reaches feeding Industry code requirements, realizes stalk and more efficiently utilizes, and improves the feeding exploitation value of maize straw
Value, with preferable promotion prospect.Product colour yellow green, with the fragrant vinic acid taste for giving comfort sense and tart flavour lane, raises
Material moistening, structure maintains the original state, can be easily separated.
The present invention provides a kind of enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation collaboration whole-plant Corn Silage new technology, it is advantageous that：（1）By that will be combined
The synergy of enzyme enzymolysis and probiotics more fermentation, the ANFs such as cellulose, xylan in degrading maize straws, significantly
The Forage Nutritive Value of whole-plant Corn Silage feed is lifted, after testing, at the process conditions, soluble-carbohydrate contains
Amount reaches 723g.Kg-1；Crude protein content reaches 246.54g.Kg-1；Vitro Digestibility reaches 945.67g.Kg-1, it is significantly higher than
Technical merit is reported at present（p<0.01）；Two is that with the addition of clover and marine alga in raw material composition, further improves corn
The Forage Nutritive Value of complete stool ensilage；Three is first by the enzymolysis of complex enzyme in preparation technology, by corn stalk
Stalk carries out biodegradation, and macromolecular substances tentatively are degraded into small molecular material；Then by saccharomycete and the association of acetic acid bacteria
Same fermentation（The a large amount of enzyme preparations of microorganism secretion）, the macromolecular substances of further degrading straw, and by nuisances such as phytic acid
Matter is eliminated；Then by the fermentation of compound lactobacillus, the quality and nutritional ingredient of product are lifted, after testing in maize straw
The dry rate of recovery reaches more than 90%, and xylo-oligosaccharide content reaches 54.4k.Kg-1, prebiotic bacterial content reaches 4 × 109Cfu/g,
And result of the test shows that changing technique can significantly reduce product quality（p<0.01）；Four is that to preferably resolve silage fermentation secondary
The drawbacks of fermentation, conventional result of study shows that yeast and mold is the major microorganisms for causing secondary fermentation, silage fermentation
Secondary fermentation can make ensiling sugar loss 10~24% afterwards, therefore avoid adding saccharomycete as far as possible in ensilage, and the present invention is preceding
Saccharomycete is with the addition of in phase fermentation process, substantial amounts of mycoprotein and complex enzyme are produced by brewer's yeast, produce ethanol etc., be
Acetic acid bacteria provides carbon source, and acetic acid bacteria fermentation serves the effect of checking saccharomycete and fungus growth, and acetic acid bacteria and lactic acid bacteria
Synergy be obviously improved the feeding value of product again, result of study shows that the application does not make because of the fermentation of saccharomycete
Ensiling sugar is largely reduced（<5%）, fungi count 4.4 × 10 in product4CFU·g-1, yeast number 6.8 × 106CFU·g-1。
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1：
A kind of enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation cooperates with whole-plant Corn Silage new technology, and specific preparation process is as follows：
（1）Pretreatment of raw material：After whole-plant corn is crushed, match somebody with somebody according to the quality of 95 parts of whole-plant corn, 5 parts of clover, 1 part of sargassum thunbergii
Than mixed material, adjustment water content to 30~40%；
（2）Enzymolysis processing：Add material quality than 5% cellulase, 3% zytase, 2% amylase, stir, in humidity
40~50 DEG C of holding 6d of temperature control under state；
（3）Prior fermentation treatment：To the brewer's yeast that mass ratio 0.5% is added in ensiling material, divulged information under the conditions of 28~35 DEG C
Fermentation 2d；Then inoculation quality is than 1% acetic acid bacteria, the sealed fermenting 2d under the conditions of 28~35 DEG C；
（4）Later stage fermentation treatment：According to ensiling quality of material than the compound lactobacillus microbial inoculum that 2% addition has been activated, then envelope cellar for storing things is close
Fermentation is closed, whole-plant Corn Silage feed is obtained final product after fermentation 60d.
Embodiment 2：
A kind of enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation cooperates with whole-plant Corn Silage new technology, and specific preparation process is as follows：
（1）Pretreatment of raw material：After whole-plant corn is crushed, match somebody with somebody according to the quality of 90 parts of whole-plant corn, 10 parts of clover, 2 parts of Enteromorpha
Than mixed material, adjustment water content to 30~40%；
（2）Enzymolysis processing：Add material quality than 3% cellulase, 2% zytase, 1% amylase, stir, in humidity
40~50 DEG C of holding 8d of temperature control under state；
（3）Prior fermentation treatment：To the brewer's yeast that mass ratio 0.2% is added in ensiling material, divulged information under the conditions of 28~35 DEG C
Fermentation 3d；Then inoculation quality is than 0.5% acetic acid bacteria, the sealed fermenting 3d under the conditions of 28~35 DEG C；
（4）Later stage fermentation treatment：According to ensiling quality of material than the compound lactobacillus microbial inoculum that 1% addition has been activated, then envelope cellar for storing things is close
Fermentation is closed, whole-plant Corn Silage feed is obtained final product after fermentation 80d.
Embodiment 3：
A kind of enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation cooperates with whole-plant Corn Silage new technology, and specific preparation process is as follows：
（1）Pretreatment of raw material：After whole-plant corn is crushed, according to 93 parts of whole-plant corn, 7.5 parts of clover, 1.5 parts of sea-tangle quality
Proportioning mixed material, adjustment water content to 30~40%；
（2）Enzymolysis processing：Add material quality than 4% cellulase, 2.5% zytase, 1.5% amylase, stir,
40~50 DEG C of holding 7d of temperature control under dampness；
（3）Prior fermentation treatment：To the brewer's yeast that mass ratio 0.35% is added in ensiling material, lead under the conditions of 28~35 DEG C
Wind fermentation 2.5d；Then inoculation quality is than 0.75% acetic acid bacteria, the sealed fermenting 2.5d under the conditions of 28~35 DEG C；
（4）Later stage fermentation treatment：According to ensiling quality of material than the compound lactobacillus microbial inoculum that 1.5% addition has been activated, cellar for storing things is then sealed
Sealed fermenting, whole-plant Corn Silage feed is obtained final product after fermentation 70d.
In order to verify the action effect of product of the present invention, Cow-feeding experiment is carried out, selected 90 parities, lactations
Month（70~80d after calving）, the substantially close healthy ox of daily yielding, body condition, be divided into control combination test group（Totally 5 groups）, often
Group 15.Feeding management is identical, and the ensilage for feeding is respectively：
| Group | Ensilage classification |
| Control group | Single corn complete stool raw material, cellar for storing things inoculating lactic acid bacterium fermentation is directly sealed according to prior art |
| Test 1 group | Ensilage in embodiment 1 |
| Test 2 groups | Zymotechnique is 95 parts of whole-plant corn, 11 parts of clover, 2.5 parts of sargassum thunbergii with embodiment 1, raw material composition |
| Test 3 groups | Lack enzymolysis processing, remaining technique is with embodiment 1 |
| Test 4 groups | Lack prior fermentation handling process, remaining technique is with embodiment 1 |
| Test 5 groups | Later stage fermentation technique sprays pure water, and remaining is with embodiment 1 |
Average test result is as follows in 80d：
| Group | The output of milk/kg | Butterfat percnetage/% | Protein ratio/% | Lactose/% |
| Control group | 17.45 | 3.48 | 3.03 | 4.62 |
| Test 1 group | 19.89 | 3.72 | 3.13 | 4.87 |
| Test 2 groups | 19.54 | 3.69 | 3.11 | 4.83 |
| Test 3 groups | 18.86 | 3.58 | 3.08 | 4.79 |
| Test 4 groups | 18.03 | 3.53 | 3.07 | 4.75 |
| Test 5 groups | 17.78 | 3.51 | 3.05 | 4.68 |
Result of the test shows that the application product has obvious action effect, and feed change composition or technique can significantly reduce product
Forage Nutritive Value.
Above example is merely to illustrate technical scheme, rather than is limited；Although with reference to foregoing reality
Example is applied to being described in detail by invention, but for the person of ordinary skill of the art, still can be to foregoing reality
Apply the technical scheme described in example to modify, or equivalent is carried out to which part technical characteristic；And to these modifications
Or replace, do not make the spirit and scope of the essence disengaging claimed technical solution of the invention of appropriate technical solution.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation cooperates with whole-plant Corn Silage new technology, it is characterised in that specifically include following steps：
（1）Pretreatment of raw material：After whole-plant corn is crushed, according to 90~95 parts of whole-plant corn, 5~10 parts of clover, marine alga 1~2
The quality proportioning mixed material of part, adjustment water content to 30~40%；
（2）Enzymolysis processing：Add material quality than 3~5% cellulases, 2~3% zytases, 1~2% amylase, stirring is equal
It is even, 40~50 DEG C of 6~8d of holding of temperature control under dampness；
（3）Prior fermentation treatment：To the brewer's yeast that mass ratio 0.2~0.5% is added in ensiling material, in 28~35 DEG C of conditions
2~3d of lower ventilating fermentation；Then inoculation quality is than 0.5~1% acetic acid bacteria, 2~3d of sealed fermenting under the conditions of 28~35 DEG C；
（4）Later stage fermentation treatment：According to ensiling quality of material than the compound lactobacillus microbial inoculum that 1~2% addition has been activated, Ran Houfeng
Cellar for storing things sealed fermenting, whole-plant Corn Silage feed is obtained final product after 60~80d of fermentation.
2. enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation as claimed in claim 1 cooperates with whole-plant Corn Silage new technology, it is characterised in that the whole-plant corn
Cutting Length be 1~2cm.
3. enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation as claimed in claim 1 cooperates with whole-plant Corn Silage new technology, it is characterised in that the marine alga is sea
The mixture of one or more in band, sargassum thunbergii, sargassum, Enteromorpha, sargassum kjellmanianum Yendo.
4. enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation as claimed in claim 1 cooperates with whole-plant Corn Silage new technology, it is characterised in that the saccharomycete
Addition manner is that saccharomycete is dissolved in pure water according to the ratio of mass ratio 1%, then that the aqueous solution containing saccharomycete is artificial
Uniformly it is sprayed on material.
5. enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation as claimed in claim 1 cooperates with whole-plant Corn Silage new technology, it is characterised in that the acetic acid bacteria
Addition manner is that acetic acid bacteria is dissolved in pure water according to the ratio of mass ratio 2%, then that the aqueous solution containing acetic acid bacteria is artificial
Uniformly it is sprayed on material.
6. enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation as claimed in claim 1 cooperates with whole-plant Corn Silage new technology, it is characterised in that the lactic acid bacteria
Strain composition is Lactobacillus plantarum, Pediococcus pentosaceus, bifidobacterium bifidum and Bu Shi lactobacillus, and its proportion of composing is 3:2:3:2.
7. enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation as claimed in claim 1 cooperates with whole-plant Corn Silage new technology, it is characterised in that the lactic acid bacteria
Addition manner is that lactic acid bacteria is dissolved in pure water according to the ratio of mass ratio 1%, then that the aqueous solution containing lactic acid bacteria is artificial
Uniformly it is sprayed on material.
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| CN108330080A (en) * | 2017-11-14 | 2018-07-27 | 北京好实沃生物技术有限公司 | A kind of feed ensiling agent and its preparation method and application containing lactobacillus buchneri |
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| CN113273645A (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2021-08-20 | 山东省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所 | Silage method of mulberry green feed |
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| CN110178992A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2019-08-30 | 内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院 | A kind of mao of couchgrass ensilage modulator approach |
| CN110178992B (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2022-03-15 | 内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院 | Modulation method of elytrigia elongata silage |
| CN112335779A (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2021-02-09 | 宜宾学院 | Mixed silage of alpinia japonica and sweet sorghum and preparation method thereof |
| CN113273645A (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2021-08-20 | 山东省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所 | Silage method of mulberry green feed |
| CN113273645B (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2022-02-25 | 山东省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所 | Silage method of mulberry green feed |
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