CN105085067A - Special-purpose muskmelon nutritional liquid manure capable of improving saline soil, and preparation method and water planting method of special-purpose muskmelon nutritional liquid manure - Google Patents

Special-purpose muskmelon nutritional liquid manure capable of improving saline soil, and preparation method and water planting method of special-purpose muskmelon nutritional liquid manure Download PDF

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CN105085067A
CN105085067A CN201510532744.2A CN201510532744A CN105085067A CN 105085067 A CN105085067 A CN 105085067A CN 201510532744 A CN201510532744 A CN 201510532744A CN 105085067 A CN105085067 A CN 105085067A
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solution
muskmelon
liter
sulfate
nutritional liquid
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CN105085067B (en
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颜志明
韩艳丽
朱晓彦
魏跃
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Jiangsu Polytechnic College of Agriculture and Forestry
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Jiangsu Polytechnic College of Agriculture and Forestry
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Abstract

The invention discloses special-purpose muskmelon nutritional liquid manure capable of improving saline soil, and a preparation method and a water planting method of the special-purpose muskmelon nutritional liquid manure. Proline, sodium glutamate and methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate can be added in the nutritional liquid manure. The proline in the nutritional liquid manure is matched with nutrient elements of various components, after the nutritional liquid manure is applied to plants, plant cell dehydration can be prevented, functions of a membrane system are recovered, an enzyme function on a cytomembrane is normal, metabolism is carried out orderly, membrane permeability is high, rate of photosynthesis is increased, synthesis of assimilates is improved, and salt stress is prevented effectively; and through the added components comprising the sodium glutamate and the methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate which are matched with each other, cultured muskmelons are fruity specially, water of pulp in the muskmelons can be increased, the pulp is plump, crisp and tasty, diseases and insect pests can be prevented and treated effectively in a seedling stage and a tendril stretching stage, the circumstance of dysontogenesis of rhizomes is avoided, fruits of the muskmelons can be expanded rapidly at a later fruiting stage, and the pulp of the muskmelons is improved obviously. Compared with common muskmelons, the muskmelons applied by the special-purpose muskmelon nutritional liquid manure has characteristics that the weight is increased by 10% at least, and the quality is excellent.

Description

The improvement muskmelon special nutritional liquid fertilizer of saline soil and compound method thereof and ciltivating process
Technical field
The present invention relates to industrialized agriculture field, be specifically related to a kind of nutrient liquid fertilizer.
Background technology
Industrialized agriculture is one of the most great-hearted NPD projects in China's agricultural now.But because facilities environment is subject to the impact of special canopy room environmental and artificial water and fertilizer management measure, envrionment conditions is airtight, without natural precipitation, steam output is large, under facility condition, use chemical fertilizer in a large number simultaneously, easily make topsoil be in salification process all the year round and soil secondary salinization phenomenon occurs, and the soil salinization causes plant-growth to be suppressed, affect the yield and quality of crop, cause very large impact to production.
Modification method at present for saline soil is mainly combined by physics, chemistry and engineering measure, takes aggregate measures with suiting measures to local conditions.But the basic goal of improvement solonchak is to reduce salt stress to the injury of plant-growth, accordingly, improvement of salt and alkaline land research mainly contains the exploitation to salt-tolerant plant, the mechanism improving plant salt tolerance, the improvement of agronomic measures, the introducing etc. of allogenic material except engineering measure.Wherein utilize various exogenous chemical substances to reduce salt stress to the injury of plant become current improvement of salt and alkaline land research a focus.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: the object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of improve saline soil muskmelon special nutritional liquid fertilizer and compound method and ciltivating process, improve the Mechanism of Salt-tolerant of cultivation muskmelon, the significantly lifting of muskmelon quality can be promoted again.
Technical scheme: a kind of muskmelon special nutritional liquid fertilizer improveing saline soil of the present invention, one liter of nutrient liquid fertilizer comprises following component: four water-calcium nitrate 220 ~ 250mg, saltpetre 300 ~ 320mg, primary ammonium phosphate 40 ~ 60mg, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 110 ~ 130mg, disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 25 ~ 40mg, ferrous sulfate 10 ~ 20mg, boric acid 2 ~ 3mg, manganous sulfate 2 ~ 2.5mg, zinc sulfate 0.1 ~ 0.3mg, copper sulfate 0.05 ~ 0.1mg, ammonium molybdate 0.01 ~ 0.02mg, proline(Pro) 0.1 ~ 0.3mmol.
Preferably, one liter of nutrient liquid fertilizer comprises following component: four water-calcium nitrate 236mg, saltpetre 303mg, primary ammonium phosphate 57mg, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 123mg, disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 30mg, ferrous sulfate 15mg, boric acid 2.86mg, manganous sulfate 2.13mg, zinc sulfate 0.22mg, copper sulfate 0.08mg, ammonium molybdate 0.02mg, proline(Pro) 0.2mmol.
Further, Sodium Glutamate 13 ~ 18mg is also comprised in one liter of nutrient liquid fertilizer, methyl p-hydroxybenzoate 8 ~ 14mg.
The compound method of above-mentioned muskmelon special nutritional liquid fertilizer, configures 1 liter of solution A: containing four water-calcium nitrate 11000 ~ 12500mg and primary ammonium phosphate 2000 ~ 3000mg; 1 liter of B solution: containing saltpetre 15000 ~ 16000mg and magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 5500 ~ 6500mg; 1 liter of C solution: containing disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 2500 ~ 4000mg, ferrous sulfate 1000 ~ 2000mg, boric acid 200 ~ 300mg, manganous sulfate 200 ~ 250mg, zinc sulfate 10 ~ 30mg, copper sulfate 5 ~ 10mg, ammonium molybdate 1 ~ 2mg; 100mL solution D: containing 1150 ~ 3450mg proline(Pro); Often prepare one liter of nutritive medium and add solution A 20mL, B solution 20mL, C solution 10mL, solution D 1mL, and be diluted with water to 1 liter.
Preferably, 1 liter of solution A is configured: containing four water-calcium nitrate 11800mg and primary ammonium phosphate 2850mg; 1 liter of B solution: containing saltpetre 15150mg and magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 6150mg; 1 liter of C solution: containing disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 3000mg, ferrous sulfate 1500mg, boric acid 286mg, manganous sulfate 213mg, zinc sulfate 22mg, copper sulfate 8mg, ammonium molybdate 2mg; 100mL solution D: containing 2300mg proline(Pro); Often prepare one liter of nutritive medium and add solution A 20mL, B solution 20mL, C solution 10mL, solution D 1mL, and be diluted with water to 1 liter.
Further, in 100mL solution D, also comprise Sodium Glutamate 1300 ~ 1800mg, methyl p-hydroxybenzoate 800 ~ 1400mg.
The ciltivating process of above-mentioned muskmelon special nutrient fluid, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) select high-quality muskmelon seeds 100, soak seed 10 hours and be evenly placed in culture dish, to be placed in 29 degree of incubators vernalization two days, bud ratio reaches more than 75% and can sow;
(2) hole plate seedling growth selects 50 holes, and nursery soil is the volume ratio Homogeneous phase mixing of peat, vermiculite, perlite 3:1:1, depth of planting 1.5 centimetres; After seed sprouting, field run plant period management about 25 days, selects water planting when muskmelon seedling grows to two leaf one stars;
(3) mill water culture nutrient solution is configured fertile;
(4) select onesize plastic box 6, add 30L mill water culture nutrient solution respectively, choose the good muskmelon seedling of growing way, its root soil is rinsed well, be fixed in field planting basket with sponge, the coring of muskmelon seedling is immersed in nutritive medium, and oxygen pump is inserted respectively in 6 hydroponic boxes.
Beneficial effect: 1, proline(Pro) in nutrient liquid fertilizer of the present invention coordinates the nutritive element of each component, after application can the nutrient balance of regulating plant, prevent vegetable cell from dewatering, recover membranous system function, the enzyme function on cytolemma is made to keep normal, metabolism is carried out in order, membrane permeability is good, improve photosynthetic speed, increase the synthesis of assimilation product, the physiological development of muskmelon and substance metabolism are normally carried out, by preventing injury of plasmalemmae, the protection normal function of polysome and the activity of protective enzyme alleviate the injury of various adverse circumstance to plant, effectively prevent salt stress.
2, by the component Sodium Glutamate of interpolation and the cooperation of methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, the muskmelon cultivated can be made further to have special fruity, the moisture of pulp in muskmelon is excited to increase, pulp is full sharp and clear, fragrant and sweet taste is dense, simultaneously muskmelon Seedling Stage and stretch effective controlling disease of climing phase, insect pest, avoid the situation that root development is bad, muskmelon fruit when anaphase is expanded rapidly, meat be improved significantly, the more common melon weight of the muskmelon that the present invention produces increases by more than 10%, and quality is remarkable.
Embodiment
Below technical solution of the present invention is described in detail, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to described embodiment.
embodiment:
Embodiment 1: a kind of muskmelon special nutritional liquid fertilizer improveing saline soil, one liter of nutrient liquid fertilizer comprises following component: four water-calcium nitrate 236mg, saltpetre 303mg, primary ammonium phosphate 57mg, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 123mg, disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 30mg, ferrous sulfate 15mg, boric acid 2.86mg, manganous sulfate 2.13mg, zinc sulfate 0.22mg, copper sulfate 0.08mg, ammonium molybdate 0.02mg, proline(Pro) 0.2mmol, Sodium Glutamate 15mg, methyl p-hydroxybenzoate 12mg.
Compound method is: configure 1 liter of solution A: containing four water-calcium nitrate 11800mg and primary ammonium phosphate 2850mg; 1 liter of B solution: containing saltpetre 15150mg and magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 6150mg; 1 liter of C solution: containing disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 3000mg, ferrous sulfate 1500mg, boric acid 286mg, manganous sulfate 213mg, zinc sulfate 22mg, copper sulfate 8mg, ammonium molybdate 2mg; 100mL solution D: containing 2300mg proline(Pro), 1500mg Sodium Glutamate, 1200mg methyl p-hydroxybenzoate; Often prepare one liter of nutritive medium and add solution A 20mL, B solution 20mL, C solution 10mL, solution D 1mL, and be diluted with water to 1 liter.
Above-mentioned special nutritional liquid fertilizer is used for the ciltivating process of muskmelon:
(1) select high-quality muskmelon seeds 100, soak seed 10 hours and be evenly placed in culture dish, to be placed in 29 degree of incubators vernalization two days, bud ratio reaches more than 75% and can sow;
(2) hole plate seedling growth selects 50 holes, and nursery soil is the volume ratio Homogeneous phase mixing of peat, vermiculite, perlite 3:1:1, depth of planting 1.5 centimetres; After seed sprouting, field run plant period management about 25 days, selects water planting when muskmelon seedling grows to two leaf one stars;
(3) mill water culture nutrient solution is configured fertile;
(4) select onesize plastic box 6, add 30L mill water culture nutrient solution respectively, choose the good muskmelon seedling of growing way, its root soil is rinsed well, be fixed in field planting basket with sponge, the coring of muskmelon seedling is immersed in nutritive medium, and oxygen pump is inserted respectively in 6 hydroponic boxes.
Embodiment 2: roughly the same with embodiment 1, to be the component that one liter of nutrient liquid fertilizer comprises be difference: four water-calcium nitrate 245mg, saltpetre 312mg, primary ammonium phosphate 48mg, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 114mg, disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 35mg, ferrous sulfate 18mg, boric acid 2.43mg, manganous sulfate 2.36mg, zinc sulfate 0.16mg, copper sulfate 0.07mg, ammonium molybdate 0.01mg, proline(Pro) 0.2mmol, Sodium Glutamate 17mg, methyl p-hydroxybenzoate 10mg.
Configure 1 liter of solution A: containing four water-calcium nitrate 12250mg and primary ammonium phosphate 2400mg; 1 liter of B solution: containing saltpetre 15600mg and magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 5700mg; 1 liter of C solution: containing disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 3500mg, ferrous sulfate 1800mg, boric acid 243mg, manganous sulfate 236mg, zinc sulfate 16mg, copper sulfate 7mg, ammonium molybdate 1mg; 100mL solution D: containing 2300mg proline(Pro), 1700mg Sodium Glutamate, 1000mg methyl p-hydroxybenzoate; Often prepare one liter of nutritive medium and add solution A 20mL, B solution 20mL, C solution 10mL, solution D 1mL, and be diluted with water to 1 liter.
Embodiment 3: roughly the same with embodiment 1, to be the component that one liter of nutrient liquid fertilizer comprises be difference: four water-calcium nitrate 220mg, saltpetre 300mg, primary ammonium phosphate 40mg, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 110mg, disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 25mg, ferrous sulfate 10mg, boric acid 2mg, manganous sulfate 2mg, zinc sulfate 0.1mg, copper sulfate 0.05mg, ammonium molybdate 0.015mg, proline(Pro) 0.1mmol, Sodium Glutamate 13mg, methyl p-hydroxybenzoate 8mg.
Configure 1 liter of solution A: containing four water-calcium nitrate 11000mg and primary ammonium phosphate 2000mg; 1 liter of B solution: containing saltpetre 15000mg and magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 5500mg; 1 liter of C solution: containing disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 2500mg, ferrous sulfate 1000mg, boric acid 200mg, manganous sulfate 200mg, zinc sulfate 10mg, copper sulfate 5mg, ammonium molybdate 1.5mg; 100mL solution D: containing 1150mg proline(Pro), 1300mg Sodium Glutamate, 800mg methyl p-hydroxybenzoate; Often prepare one liter of nutritive medium and add solution A 20mL, B solution 20mL, C solution 10mL, solution D 1mL, and be diluted with water to 1 liter.
Embodiment 4: roughly the same with embodiment 1, to be the component that one liter of nutrient liquid fertilizer comprises be difference: four water-calcium nitrate 250mg, saltpetre 320mg, primary ammonium phosphate 60mg, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 130mg, disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 40mg, ferrous sulfate 20mg, boric acid 3mg, manganous sulfate 2.5mg, zinc sulfate 0.3mg, copper sulfate 0.1mg, ammonium molybdate 0.02mg, proline(Pro) 0.3mmol, Sodium Glutamate 18mg, methyl p-hydroxybenzoate 14mg.
Configure 1 liter of solution A: containing four water-calcium nitrate 12500mg and primary ammonium phosphate 3000mg; 1 liter of B solution: containing saltpetre 16000mg and magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 6500mg; 1 liter of C solution: containing disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 4000mg, ferrous sulfate 2000mg, boric acid 300mg, manganous sulfate 250mg, zinc sulfate 30mg, copper sulfate 10mg, ammonium molybdate 2mg; 100mL solution D: containing 3450mg proline(Pro), 1800mg Sodium Glutamate, 1400mg methyl p-hydroxybenzoate; Often prepare one liter of nutritive medium and add solution A 20mL, B solution 20mL, C solution 10mL, solution D 1mL, and be diluted with water to 1 liter.
Above-described embodiment and common muskmelon water planting are carried out contrast experiment: the relatively weak muskmelon of experimental selection salt tolerance according to early stage carries out conventional nursery, and transplants in 2 leaf 1 heart stages, after carry out water planting process.This tests totally 4 process, process 1 is Routine control (blank), process 2 for add Ficus caricaL, process 3 for adding proline(Pro) process, process 4 is embodiment 1 Middle nutrition liquid fertilizer component salt adding, proline(Pro), Sodium Glutamate and methyl p-hydroxybenzoate process, each process 3 repetition, salt content reaches l50mmol/L in processes.Salt adding and proline(Pro) after muskmelon transplantation of seedlings is turned green for 5 days, every 5 days making plant growing states.Within first 5 days, respectively process muskmelon seedling to grow fine, indifference, each process root quantity and length are more or less the same, and some is dark wherein to process 2 root systems.
90-100 days observationss after plantation, process 1 is grown fine, and main root length reaches 20cm; Process 2 is obviously by Salt Strees Condition, and the jaundice of muskmelon seedling is wilted, and root system is few and short, and main root length only has about 7cm; Process 3 is more or less the same with process 1 growth of cereal crop seedlings, and root system grows fine, and root is thick and strong, and root is long on average reaches 22cm; Process 4 is compared with process 2 growth of cereal crop seedlings fine, and blade is dark green, and plant comparatively processes 1 less than normal, but root system is more flourishing, root is long on average reaches 27cm, and the muskmelon of generation has peat-reek, pericarp is level and smooth, the full exquisiteness of pulp, and the pulp water content compared to process 1 improves 15%.
Plant observations after 100 days, the mean fresh of process 1 is 1.50kg, the mean fresh of process 2 is 0.68kg, the mean fresh of process 4 is 2.20kg, be far longer than process 2, also increase weight more than 14% than process 1, illustrate that the nutritive medium adding proline(Pro), Sodium Glutamate and methyl p-hydroxybenzoate has the effect of good suppression salt stress, can promote to improve fruit quality simultaneously.

Claims (7)

1. improve a muskmelon special nutritional liquid fertilizer for saline soil, it is characterized in that: one liter of nutrient liquid fertilizer comprises following component: four water-calcium nitrate 220 ~ 250mg, saltpetre 300 ~ 320mg, primary ammonium phosphate 40 ~ 60mg, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 110 ~ 130mg, disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 25 ~ 40mg, ferrous sulfate 10 ~ 20mg, boric acid 2 ~ 3mg, manganous sulfate 2 ~ 2.5mg, zinc sulfate 0.1 ~ 0.3mg, copper sulfate 0.05 ~ 0.1mg, ammonium molybdate 0.01 ~ 0.02mg, proline(Pro) 0.1 ~ 0.3mmol.
2. the muskmelon special nutritional liquid fertilizer of improvement saline soil according to claim 1, is characterized in that: one liter of nutrient liquid fertilizer comprises following component: four water-calcium nitrate 236mg, saltpetre 303mg, primary ammonium phosphate 57mg, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 123mg, disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 30mg, ferrous sulfate 15mg, boric acid 2.86mg, manganous sulfate 2.13mg, zinc sulfate 0.22mg, copper sulfate 0.08mg, ammonium molybdate 0.02mg, proline(Pro) 0.2mmol.
3. the muskmelon special nutritional liquid fertilizer of improvement saline soil according to claim 1, is characterized in that: also comprise Sodium Glutamate 13 ~ 18mg in one liter of nutrient liquid fertilizer, methyl p-hydroxybenzoate 8 ~ 14mg.
4. the compound method of muskmelon special nutritional liquid fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: configure 1 liter of solution A: containing four water-calcium nitrate 11000 ~ 12500mg and primary ammonium phosphate 2000 ~ 3000mg; 1 liter of B solution: containing saltpetre 15000 ~ 16000mg and magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 5500 ~ 6500mg; 1 liter of C solution: containing disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 2500 ~ 4000mg, ferrous sulfate 1000 ~ 2000mg, boric acid 200 ~ 300mg, manganous sulfate 200 ~ 250mg, zinc sulfate 10 ~ 30mg, copper sulfate 5 ~ 10mg, ammonium molybdate 1 ~ 2mg; 100mL solution D: containing 1150 ~ 3450mg proline(Pro); Often prepare one liter of nutritive medium and add solution A 20mL, B solution 20mL, C solution 10mL, solution D 1mL, and be diluted with water to 1 liter.
5. the compound method of muskmelon special nutritional liquid fertilizer according to claim 4, is characterized in that: configure 1 liter of solution A: containing four water-calcium nitrate 11800mg and primary ammonium phosphate 2850mg; 1 liter of B solution: containing saltpetre 15150mg and magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 6150mg; 1 liter of C solution: containing disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 3000mg, ferrous sulfate 1500mg, boric acid 286mg, manganous sulfate 213mg, zinc sulfate 22mg, copper sulfate 8mg, ammonium molybdate 2mg; 100mL solution D: containing 2300mg proline(Pro); Often prepare one liter of nutritive medium and add solution A 20mL, B solution 20mL, C solution 10mL, solution D 1mL, and be diluted with water to 1 liter.
6. the compound method of muskmelon special nutritional liquid fertilizer according to claim 4, is characterized in that: also comprise Sodium Glutamate 1300 ~ 1800mg in 100mL solution D, methyl p-hydroxybenzoate 800 ~ 1400mg.
7. adopt the ciltivating process of muskmelon special nutrient fluid as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) select high-quality muskmelon seeds 100, soak seed 10 hours and be evenly placed in culture dish, to be placed in 29 degree of incubators vernalization two days, bud ratio reaches more than 75% and can sow;
(2) hole plate seedling growth selects 50 holes, and nursery soil is the volume ratio Homogeneous phase mixing of peat, vermiculite, perlite 3:1:1, depth of planting 1.5 centimetres; After seed sprouting, field run plant period management about 25 days, selects water planting when muskmelon seedling grows to two leaf one stars;
(3) mill water culture nutrient solution is configured fertile;
(4) select onesize plastic box 6, add 30L mill water culture nutrient solution respectively, choose the good muskmelon seedling of growing way, its root soil is rinsed well, be fixed in field planting basket with sponge, the coring of muskmelon seedling is immersed in nutritive medium, and oxygen pump is inserted respectively in 6 hydroponic boxes.
CN201510532744.2A 2015-08-27 2015-08-27 The muskmelon special nutritional liquid fertilizer and its preparation method and ciltivating process of improvement salinized soil Active CN105085067B (en)

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