CN103004419A - Method for simultaneously producing green health food rice and ipomoea aquatica in rice field - Google Patents
Method for simultaneously producing green health food rice and ipomoea aquatica in rice field Download PDFInfo
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- CN103004419A CN103004419A CN2012105382855A CN201210538285A CN103004419A CN 103004419 A CN103004419 A CN 103004419A CN 2012105382855 A CN2012105382855 A CN 2012105382855A CN 201210538285 A CN201210538285 A CN 201210538285A CN 103004419 A CN103004419 A CN 103004419A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of producing green health food, and discloses a method for simultaneously producing green health food rice and ipomoea aquatica in a rice field. The method comprises the following steps of: intercropping the rice and the ipomoea aquatica in the flat rice field according to a certain proportion; intercropping three rows of ipomoea aquatica in four rows of rice, wherein the space between the rice planting belt and the ipomoea aquatica planting belt is 15cm; and harvesting the ipomoea aquatica after about 6-7 weeks, and harvesting the rice after the rice is mature. The invention provides the technical scheme of simultaneously producing multiple green health foods in the rice field and not using the pesticide. Field test result shows that compared with the conventional monoculture technology, the rice length, the effective ear number, the maturing rate, the thousand seed weight and the theoretical yield are increased by 3.34%, 20.19%, 3.96%, 1.08% and 12.03% respectively; the yields of the rice and the ipomoea aquatica are improved; the economic effect is obvious; the field operation is convenient; and the method is convenient for actual popularization and application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to green health food production technology field, more specifically, relate to a kind of method that green health food rice and swamp cabbage are produced in intercropping simultaneously in the rice field.
Background technology
Paddy rice is one of most important cereal crops of China, and the stable volume increase of paddy rice is played a basic role safely to ensureing national food.Using various agricultural chemicals disease and pest controls is a kind of important technical that ensure agricultural production, yet a large amount of uses of agricultural chemicals have caused the rapid decline of agricultural environment quality and the minimizing of Agricultural Biodiversity (particularly useful natural enemy is biological), finally cause Paddy Field Ecosystem Services deterioration, the raising of damage by disease and insect resistance, quality of rice to wait safely series of problems.Along with the raising of living standards of the people, the demand of safety of residents healthy food is stronger, and therefore, adopting the technology of new environmentally friendly Agricultural Biodiversity prevention and control crop disease and insect in production practices is a kind of practicable approach.
At present, produce simultaneously multiple aquatic crops and need not to use the Green Manufacturing Technology of agricultural chemicals to yet there are no report in the rice field.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to overcome the deficiency that prior art is carried out single production rice, and a kind of method of producing simultaneously green health food rice and swamp cabbage in the rice field by reasonable intercropping is provided.The method is by pressing relevant rules in the rice field, intercropping plant paddy rice and swamp cabbage have reached and utilized the Crop diversity cultivation and do not use the agricultural chemicals disease and pest control, but and the purpose of output green health food rice and swamp cabbage.
The present invention's above-mentioned purpose that is achieved by the following technical programs:
A kind of method of producing simultaneously green health food rice and swamp cabbage in the rice field is provided, may further comprise the steps:
S1. intercropping plant paddy rice and swamp cabbage: described intercropping plant paddy rice and the swamp cabbage technical scheme aspect whole ground, water management and daily fertilizer management is as follows:
S11. wholely, prepare rice cultivation and swamp cabbage: raising rice seedlings, smooth rice field;
Paddy rice and swamp cabbage are transplanted front 3~5 days basal dressings, and then the transplanting rice rice shoot is inserted kind of a swamp cabbage simultaneously; Rice shoot and swamp cabbage be intercropping plant according to a certain percentage; Described swamp cabbage be Fanyu, Guangzhou endemic species (
Ipomoea aquatica Forsk); The ratio of paddy rice and swamp cabbage intercropping plant is 4:3, and per 4 row paddy rice are as a Rice Cropping band, and per 3 row swamp cabbages are as a swamp cabbage growth belt, and distance is 15cm between described Rice Cropping band and the swamp cabbage growth belt; The specification that described rice seedling is inserted kind of seeding row spacing is 13cm~17cm * 18cm~22cm, and it is 13cm~17cm * 13cm~17cm that swamp cabbage is inserted kind of a seeding row spacing; The individuality of described swamp cabbage plant is less than paddy rice, and floor space is little, adopts described slotting kind of specification can improve land utilization rate, obtains more high yield.
S12. water management:
When early stage with shallow water transplant, thin moisture tiller, take shallow wet irrigation as main, adopt water layer to irrigate before and after booting stage to the booting, the pustulation period, after this irrigation quantity reduced gradually take shallow wet irrigation as main, and kept the moist cracking of ground moistening to get final product.
S13. daily fertilizer management:
Paddy rice after transplanting 7~10 days is executed urea as tillering fertilizer, executes short its of urea in rear about 45 days in transplanting and blooms, and does not refertilize afterwards; After opening leaf, the swamp cabbage seedling namely sprays the urea liquid fertilizer;
S2. gather in the crops.
The described results of S2 are preferred: the swamp cabbage harvest time is rear about 4~7 weeks of plantation, then treats to gather in when paddy rice is ripe.
Preferably, to use standard be every 667m to the base manure of the described basal dressing of S11
2Execute Chicken dung 1800~2000kg.
Preferably, the plant height 20~35cm of the described swamp cabbage of S11.
Preferably, the specification that the described rice seedling of S11 is inserted kind of seeding row spacing is 15cm * 20cm, and it is 15cm * 15cm that the swamp cabbage seedling is inserted the specification of planting.
Preferably, the water layer of the described shallow water of S12 is 1~2cm.
Preferably, the water layer of the described shallow wet irrigation of S12 is 0~1cm.
Preferably, the water layer of S12 front and back employing in described booting stage is 3~5cm.
Preferably, the described paddy rice of S12 tillering fertilizer of 7~10 days after transplanting is every 667m
2Execute urea 5kg.
Preferably, to execute urea in rear 45 days be every 667m to the described transplanting of S12
2Use urea 5kg.
Preferably, the mass percent concentration of the described urea liquid fertilizer of S12 is 0.3~0.5%.
Described swamp cabbage be Fanyu, Guangzhou endemic species swamp cabbage (
Ipomoea aquatica Forsk), be white stem spire rattan water spinach, plant height 20~35cm;
The ratio of described paddy rice and swamp cabbage intercropping plant is 4:3, i.e. per 4 row paddy rice intercropping plants, 3 row swamp cabbages;
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) the invention provides a kind of technical scheme of producing simultaneously multiple green agricultural product in the rice field by intercropping and need not to use agricultural chemicals, changed traditional production paddy rice and the nonoculture mode of production of swamp cabbage, the tender stem of swamp cabbage and petiole edible, quality is fresh and tender, pleasant to the palate, nutritious.Paddy rice is one of most important cereal crops of China, the stable volume increase of paddy rice is played a basic role safely to ensureing national food, the present invention goes out rational intercropping system by continuous Test Summary, in the rice field, produce simultaneously green health food rice and swamp cabbage by intercropping, can be the producer and bring good economic benefit, and can bring obvious economic benefit and social benefit.
(2) further, the present invention select swamp cabbage (
Ipomoea aquatica Forsk) as with the vegetables of paddy rice intercropping, field experiment is summed up and is found that this intercropping combination can effectively avoid agricultural chemicals to use, and guarantees to produce green health food rice and fresh and tender good to eat swamp cabbage.
(3) remarkable technique effect of the present invention also is embodied in: field experiment finds that the spike length of rice, number of productive ear, ripening rate, thousand kernel weight and the theoretical yield that adopt the present invention to process increase respectively 3.34%, 20.19%, 3.96%, 1.08% and 12.03% with respect to conventional nonoculture technology, and the output of paddy rice increases; The present invention has ensured the quality of rice, and field experiment proves that the equal and conventional single kind rice of every rice quality indexs such as brown rice rate, polished rice rate, head rice rate, aspect ratio, amylose content, glue denseness is processed and is as good as; The average yield of the swamp cabbage of the present invention's plantation is 2.26 kg/m
2, than the single output volume increase 5.86% of planting swamp cabbage of routine, improved swamp cabbage output.
(4) paddy rice among the present invention and swamp cabbage are easily convenient, easy and simple to handle in the south China plantation, need not complicated program, are convenient to the peasant and operate in the field, are convenient to actual applying.
Embodiment
Further describe the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Get two experiment rice fields and a swamp cabbage plantation field, wherein an experiment rice field A does conventional rice nonoculture processing, does not use agricultural chemicals, and swamp cabbage plantation field B does conventional swamp cabbage nonoculture and processes, and does not use agricultural chemicals.Another piece experiment rice field C adopts paddy rice and swamp cabbage intercropping plant mode, does not use agricultural chemicals.Rice field C plants operating process in detail:
S1. paddy rice and swamp cabbage are planted the stage.
S11. wholely, prepare rice cultivation and swamp cabbage.Raising rice seedlings, smooth rice field.Paddy rice and swamp cabbage are transplanted front 3~5 days basal dressings, and it is every 667m that base manure is used standard
2Execute Chicken dung 1800~2000 kg, then the transplanting rice rice shoot is inserted kind of a swamp cabbage simultaneously; Rice seedling and swamp cabbage be intercropping plant according to a certain percentage;
The water management of S12 field.The water management method of intercropping plant, paddy rice nonoculture and swamp cabbage nonoculture is, when early stage with shallow water transplant, thin moisture tiller, to the booting take shallow wet irrigation as main, adopt water layer to irrigate before and after booting stage, pustulation period is take shallow wet irrigation as main, after this irrigation quantity reduces gradually, and keeps the moist cracking of ground moistening to get final product.
The daily fertilizing management of S13.Intercropping plant district paddy rice after transplanting 7~10 days, per 667 m
2Execute urea 5kg as tillering fertilizer, at per 667 m about 40~50 days after the transplanting
2Bloom with short its of urea 5kg, do not refertilize afterwards.After the swamp cabbage seedling opens leaf, namely apply fertilizer, spray 0.3~0.5% urea liquid fertilizer.The fertilizer in paddy rice nonoculture district and swamp cabbage nonoculture district is used according to identical standard.
The S2 results: described swamp cabbage harvest time should be controlled at rear about 4~7 weeks of plantation, then treats to gather in when paddy rice is ripe;
Whole S1 and S2 stage do not need applying pesticides.Described swamp cabbage be Fanyu, Guangzhou endemic species swamp cabbage (
Ipomoea aquatica Forsk), be white stem spire rattan water spinach, plant height 20~35cm; The specification that described rice seedling is inserted kind of seeding row spacing is 15cm * 20cm, and it is 15cm * 15cm that swamp cabbage is inserted kind of a seeding row spacing.
The ratio of paddy rice and swamp cabbage intercropping plant is 4:3, i.e. per 4 row paddy rice intercropping plants, 3 row swamp cabbages; Per 4 row paddy rice are as a Rice Cropping band, and per 3 row swamp cabbages are as a swamp cabbage growth belt, and distance is 15cm between described Rice Cropping band and the swamp cabbage growth belt;
The tender stem of swamp cabbage and the petiole edible of this experiment rice field C results, quality is fresh and tender, and is pleasant to the palate, nutritious, and average yield is 2.26 kg/m
2, with single average yield (the 2.13 kg/ m that plant the swamp cabbage of treatments B of routine
2) compare, volume increase 5.86%, present embodiment swamp cabbage output is improved, and detects without agricultural chemicals, produces healthy and safe vegetables.
Table 1 is the observed result of the rice yield index of correlation of experiment rice field A and experiment rice field C results, and table 2 is the testing result of the rice quality of experiment rice field A and experiment rice field C results.
The result shows, compare with the single rice yield index of processing of planting of routine, these 5 indexs of spike length of rice, number of productive ear, ripening rate, thousand kernel weight and theoretical yield that the inventive method plantation is processed are processed than nonoculture and are improved, increase respectively 3.34%, 20.19%, 3.96%, 1.08% and 12.03%, wherein number of productive ear, ripening rate and 3 index increases of theoretical yield are comparatively obvious.Illustrate that this method has certain promotion to rice yield.By as seen from Table 2, equal and the conventional single kind rice of every rice quality index such as the brown rice rate of the green health food rice that employing the inventive method is produced, polished rice rate, head rice rate, aspect ratio, amylose content, glue denseness are processed indifference, effectively guaranteed the quality (not reducing) of rice, and detect without agricultural chemicals, the rice of producing is safer.
Claims (10)
1. a method of producing simultaneously green health food rice and swamp cabbage in the rice field is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
S1. intercropping plant paddy rice and swamp cabbage:
S11. wholely, prepare rice cultivation and swamp cabbage: raising rice seedlings, smooth rice field;
Paddy rice and swamp cabbage are transplanted front 3~5 days basal dressings, and then the transplanting rice rice shoot is inserted kind of a swamp cabbage simultaneously; Rice shoot and swamp cabbage be intercropping plant according to a certain percentage; Described swamp cabbage be Fanyu, Guangzhou endemic species (
Ipomoea aquatica Forsk); The ratio of paddy rice and swamp cabbage intercropping plant is 4:3, and per 4 row paddy rice are as a Rice Cropping band, and per 3 row swamp cabbages are as a swamp cabbage growth belt, and distance is 15cm between described Rice Cropping band and the swamp cabbage growth belt; The specification that described rice seedling is inserted kind of seeding row spacing is 13cm~17cm * 18cm~22cm, and it is 13cm~17cm * 13cm~17cm that swamp cabbage is inserted kind of a seeding row spacing;
S12. water management:
When early stage with shallow water transplant, thin moisture tiller, take shallow wet irrigation as main, adopt water layer to irrigate before and after booting stage to the booting, the pustulation period, after this irrigation quantity reduced gradually take shallow wet irrigation as main, and kept the moist cracking of ground moistening to get final product;
S13. daily fertilizer management:
Paddy rice after transplanting 7~10 days is executed urea as tillering fertilizer, executes short its of urea in rear 45 days in transplanting and blooms, and does not refertilize afterwards; After opening leaf, the swamp cabbage seedling namely sprays the urea liquid fertilizer;
S2. gather in the crops:
Described swamp cabbage harvest time is rear 4~7 weeks of plantation, then treats to gather in when paddy rice is ripe.
2. described method of producing simultaneously green health food rice and swamp cabbage in the rice field according to claim 1 is characterized in that the standard of using of the described basal dressing of S11 is every 667m
2Execute Chicken dung 1800~2000kg.
3. described method of producing simultaneously green health food rice and swamp cabbage in the rice field according to claim 1 is characterized in that the plant height 20~35cm of the described swamp cabbage of S11.
4. produce simultaneously according to claim 1 the method for green health food rice and swamp cabbage in the rice field, it is characterized in that, the specification that the described rice seedling of S11 is inserted kind of seeding row spacing is 15 cm * 20 cm, and it is 15cm * 15cm that the swamp cabbage seedling is inserted the specification of planting.
5. described method of producing simultaneously green health food paddy rice and swamp cabbage in the rice field according to claim 1 is characterized in that the water layer of the described shallow water of S12 is 1~2cm.
6. described method of producing simultaneously green health food paddy rice and swamp cabbage in the rice field according to claim 1 is characterized in that the water layer of the described shallow wet irrigation of S12 is 0~1cm.
7. described method of producing simultaneously green health food paddy rice and swamp cabbage in the rice field according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the water layer that S12 adopted before and after described booting stage is 3~5cm.
8. described method of producing simultaneously green health food paddy rice and swamp cabbage in the rice field according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the described paddy rice of S12 tillering fertilizer of 7~10 days after transplanting is every 667m
2Execute urea 5kg.
9. described method of producing simultaneously green health food paddy rice and swamp cabbage in the rice field according to claim 1 is characterized in that it is every 667m that urea was executed in the described transplanting of S12 in rear 45 days
2Use urea 5kg.
10. described method of producing simultaneously green health food paddy rice and swamp cabbage in the rice field according to claim 1 is characterized in that the mass percent concentration of the described urea liquid fertilizer of S12 is 0.3~0.5%.
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CN103493660A (en) * | 2013-09-22 | 2014-01-08 | 华南农业大学 | Method for aquatic vegetable compound planting in paddy fields |
CN104012290A (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2014-09-03 | 华南农业大学 | Method for controlling rice blast and sheath blight by intercropping sagittaria sagittifolia in rice field |
CN105028077A (en) * | 2015-08-29 | 2015-11-11 | 固镇县益民养殖专业合作社 | Novel three-dimensional planting method adopted in rice field |
CN105993472A (en) * | 2016-05-23 | 2016-10-12 | 华南农业大学 | Method for producing aquatic vegetable and green manure during crop rotation of water mimosa and paddy rice |
CN107041224A (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2017-08-15 | 和县瑞祥水稻种植专业合作社 | The composite plant method of water spinach and sponge gourd is planted between a kind of rice field |
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CN103340127A (en) * | 2013-06-19 | 2013-10-09 | 广西力拓农业开发有限公司 | Early rice cultivation method |
CN103340127B (en) * | 2013-06-19 | 2016-03-09 | 广西力拓农业开发有限公司 | A kind of early rice cultivation method |
CN103493660A (en) * | 2013-09-22 | 2014-01-08 | 华南农业大学 | Method for aquatic vegetable compound planting in paddy fields |
CN104012290A (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2014-09-03 | 华南农业大学 | Method for controlling rice blast and sheath blight by intercropping sagittaria sagittifolia in rice field |
CN104012290B (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2016-05-25 | 华南农业大学 | The method of a kind of rice field intercropping and interplanting arrowhead control rice blast and banded sclerotial blight |
CN105028077A (en) * | 2015-08-29 | 2015-11-11 | 固镇县益民养殖专业合作社 | Novel three-dimensional planting method adopted in rice field |
CN105993472A (en) * | 2016-05-23 | 2016-10-12 | 华南农业大学 | Method for producing aquatic vegetable and green manure during crop rotation of water mimosa and paddy rice |
CN105993472B (en) * | 2016-05-23 | 2019-03-26 | 华南农业大学 | A method of the joyous crop rotation between rice of hydration produces aquatic vegetable and green manure simultaneously |
CN107041224A (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2017-08-15 | 和县瑞祥水稻种植专业合作社 | The composite plant method of water spinach and sponge gourd is planted between a kind of rice field |
CN109618847A (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2019-04-16 | 华南农业大学 | A method of cadmium pollution is repaired using work between rice-swamp cabbage |
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