CN103004419B - Method for simultaneously producing green health food rice and ipomoea aquatica in rice field - Google Patents
Method for simultaneously producing green health food rice and ipomoea aquatica in rice field Download PDFInfo
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- CN103004419B CN103004419B CN201210538285.5A CN201210538285A CN103004419B CN 103004419 B CN103004419 B CN 103004419B CN 201210538285 A CN201210538285 A CN 201210538285A CN 103004419 B CN103004419 B CN 103004419B
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of producing green health food, and discloses a method for simultaneously producing green health food rice and ipomoea aquatica in a rice field. The method comprises the following steps of: intercropping the rice and the ipomoea aquatica in the flat rice field according to a certain proportion; intercropping three rows of ipomoea aquatica in four rows of rice, wherein the space between the rice planting belt and the ipomoea aquatica planting belt is 15cm; and harvesting the ipomoea aquatica after about 6-7 weeks, and harvesting the rice after the rice is mature. The invention provides the technical scheme of simultaneously producing multiple green health foods in the rice field and not using the pesticide. Field test result shows that compared with the conventional monoculture technology, the rice length, the effective ear number, the maturing rate, the thousand seed weight and the theoretical yield are increased by 3.34%, 20.19%, 3.96%, 1.08% and 12.03% respectively; the yields of the rice and the ipomoea aquatica are improved; the economic effect is obvious; the field operation is convenient; and the method is convenient for actual popularization and application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to green health food production technology field, more specifically, relate to a kind of method that green health food rice and swamp cabbage are produced in intercropping simultaneously in rice field.
Background technology
Paddy rice is one of most important cereal crops of China, and the stable volume increase of paddy rice is played a basic role safely to ensureing national food.Using various agricultural chemicals disease and pest controls is a kind of important technical that ensure agricultural production, but a large amount of uses of agricultural chemicals have caused the rapid decline of agricultural environment quality and the minimizing of Agricultural Biodiversity (particularly useful natural enemy biology), finally cause that Paddy Field Ecosystem Services deterioration, damage by disease and insect resistance improve, the quality of rice series of problems such as safely.Along with the raising of living standards of the people, the demand of safety of residents healthy food is stronger, and therefore, in production practices, adopting the technology of new environmentally friendly Agricultural Biodiversity prevention and control crop disease and insect is a kind of practicable approach.
At present, produce multiple aquatic crops in rice field simultaneously and have not been reported without the Green Manufacturing Technology that uses agricultural chemicals.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is the deficiency that overcomes prior art and carry out single production rice, and a kind of method of simultaneously producing green health food rice and swamp cabbage in rice field by reasonable intercropping is provided.The method by rice field by relevant code, intercropping plant paddy rice and swamp cabbage, reached and utilized Crop diversity cultivation and do not use agricultural chemicals disease and pest control, and can output green health food rice and the object of swamp cabbage.
The present invention's above-mentioned purpose that is achieved by the following technical programs:
A kind of method of simultaneously producing green health food rice and swamp cabbage in rice field is provided, comprises the following steps:
S1. intercropping plant paddy rice and swamp cabbage: described intercropping plant paddy rice and the swamp cabbage technical scheme aspect whole ground, water management and daily fertilizer management is as follows:
S11. wholely, prepare rice cultivation and swamp cabbage: raising rice seedlings, smooth rice field;
Paddy rice and swamp cabbage are transplanted first 3～5 days basal dressings, and then transplanting rice rice shoot is inserted kind of a swamp cabbage simultaneously; Rice shoot and swamp cabbage intercropping plant according to a certain percentage; Described swamp cabbage be Fanyu, Guangzhou endemic species (
ipomoea aquatica Forsk); The ratio of paddy rice and swamp cabbage intercropping plant is 4:3, and every 4 row paddy rice are as a Rice Cropping band, and every 3 row swamp cabbages are as a swamp cabbage growth belt, and between described Rice Cropping band and swamp cabbage growth belt, distance is 15cm; The specification that described rice seedling is inserted kind of seeding row spacing is 13cm～17cm × 18cm～22cm, and it is 13cm～17cm × 13cm～17cm that swamp cabbage is inserted kind of a seeding row spacing; The individuality of described swamp cabbage plant is less than paddy rice, and floor space is little, adopts described slotting kind of specification can improve land utilization rate, obtains more high yield.
S12. water management:
When early stage with shallow water transplant, thin moisture tiller, to before booting taking shallow wet irrigation as main, before and after booting stage, adopt water layer to irrigate, the pustulation period, after this irrigation quantity reduced gradually taking shallow wet irrigation as main, and kept the moist cracking of ground moistening.
S13. daily fertilizer management:
Paddy rice after transplanting 7～10 days, executes urea as tillering fertilizer, within latter about 45 days, executes short its of urea bloom in transplanting, does not refertilize afterwards; After opening leaf, swamp cabbage seedling sprays urea liquid fertilizer;
S2. results.
Results described in S2 are preferred: swamp cabbage harvest time is latter approximately 4～7 weeks of plantation, then harvesting in the time that paddy rice is ripe.
Preferably, described in S11 the base manure of basal dressing to use standard be every 667m
2execute Chicken dung 1800～2000kg.
Preferably, the plant height 20～35cm of swamp cabbage described in S11.
Preferably, to insert the specification of kind of seeding row spacing be 15cm × 20cm to rice seedling described in S11, and the specification that swamp cabbage seedling is inserted kind is 15cm × 15cm.
Preferably, described in S12, the water layer of shallow water is 1～2cm.
Preferably, described in S12, the water layer of shallow wet irrigation is 0～1cm.
Preferably, the water layer adopting before and after booting stage described in S12 is 3～5cm.
Preferably, described in S12, paddy rice tillering fertilizer of 7～10 days after transplanting is every 667m
2execute urea 5kg.
Preferably, described in S12, transplant that within latter 45 days, to execute urea be every 667m
2use urea 5kg.
Preferably, described in S12, the mass percent concentration of urea liquid fertilizer is 0.3～0.5%.
Described swamp cabbage be Fanyu, Guangzhou endemic species swamp cabbage (
ipomoea aquatica Forsk), be white stem spire rattan water spinach, plant height 20～35cm;
The ratio of described paddy rice and swamp cabbage intercropping plant is 4:3, i.e. every 4 row paddy rice intercropping plant 3 row swamp cabbages;
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) the invention provides and a kind ofly produce multiple green agricultural product in rice field by intercropping and without using the technical scheme of agricultural chemicals simultaneously, change traditional production paddy rice and the nonoculture mode of production of swamp cabbage, the tender stem of swamp cabbage and petiole edible, quality is fresh and tender, pleasant to the palate, nutritious.Paddy rice is one of most important cereal crops of China, the stable volume increase of paddy rice is played a basic role safely to ensureing national food, the present invention goes out rational intercropping system by continuous Test Summary, in rice field, produce green health food rice and swamp cabbage by intercropping simultaneously, can be the producer and bring good economic benefit, and can bring obvious economic benefit and social benefit.
(2) further, the present invention select swamp cabbage (
ipomoea aquatica Forsk) as with the vegetables of paddy rice intercropping, field experiment is summed up and is found that this intercropping combination can effectively avoid agricultural chemicals to use, and ensures to produce green health food rice and fresh and tender good to eat swamp cabbage.
(3) remarkable technique effect of the present invention is also embodied in: field experiment finds to adopt spike length of rice, number of productive ear, ripening rate, thousand kernel weight and the theoretical yield of processing of the present invention to increase respectively 3.34%, 20.19%, 3.96%, 1.08% and 12.03% with respect to conventional nonoculture technology, and the output of paddy rice increases; The present invention has ensured the quality of rice, and field experiment proves, every rice quality indexs such as brown rice rate, polished rice rate, head rice rate, aspect ratio, amylose content, glue denseness all and conventionally singly plant rice processing and be as good as; The average yield of the swamp cabbage of the present invention's plantation is 2.26 kg/m
2, than the output volume increase 5.86% of routine list kind swamp cabbage, improved swamp cabbage output.
(4) paddy rice in the present invention and swamp cabbage are easily convenient, easy and simple to handle in south China plantation, without complicated program, are convenient to peasant and operate in field, are convenient to actual applying.
Embodiment
Further describe the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Get two experiment rice fields and a swamp cabbage plantation field, wherein an experiment rice field A does conventional rice nonoculture processing, does not use agricultural chemicals, and swamp cabbage plantation field B does conventional swamp cabbage nonoculture processing, does not use agricultural chemicals.Another piece experiment rice field C adopts paddy rice and swamp cabbage intercropping plant mode, does not use agricultural chemicals.Rice field C plants operating process in detail:
S1. paddy rice and the swamp cabbage plantation stage.
S11. wholely, prepare rice cultivation and swamp cabbage.Raising rice seedlings, smooth rice field.Paddy rice and swamp cabbage are transplanted first 3～5 days basal dressings, and it is every 667m that base manure is used standard
2execute Chicken dung 1800～2000 kg, then transplanting rice rice shoot is inserted kind of a swamp cabbage simultaneously; Rice seedling and swamp cabbage intercropping plant according to a certain percentage;
The water management of S12 field.The water management method of intercropping plant, paddy rice nonoculture and swamp cabbage nonoculture is, when early stage with shallow water transplant, thin moisture tiller, to before booting taking shallow wet irrigation as main, before and after booting stage, adopt water layer to irrigate, pustulation period is taking shallow wet irrigation as main, after this irrigation quantity reduces gradually, and keeps the moist cracking of ground moistening.
The daily fertilizing management of S13.Intercropping plant district paddy rice after transplanting 7～10 days, every 667 m
2execute urea 5kg as tillering fertilizer, 40～50 days every 667 m in left and right after transplanting
2bloom with short its of urea 5kg, do not refertilize afterwards.After swamp cabbage seedling opens leaf, apply fertilizer, spray 0.3～0.5% urea liquid fertilizer.The fertilizer in paddy rice nonoculture district and swamp cabbage nonoculture district is used according to identical standard.
S2 results: described swamp cabbage harvest time should be controlled at plantation latter approximately 4～7 weeks, then harvesting in the time that paddy rice is ripe;
Whole S1 and S2 stage do not need applying pesticides.Described swamp cabbage be Fanyu, Guangzhou endemic species swamp cabbage (
ipomoea aquatica Forsk), be white stem spire rattan water spinach, plant height 20～35cm; The specification that described rice seedling is inserted kind of seeding row spacing is 15cm × 20cm, and it is 15cm × 15cm that swamp cabbage is inserted kind of a seeding row spacing.
The ratio of paddy rice and swamp cabbage intercropping plant is 4:3, i.e. every 4 row paddy rice intercropping plant 3 row swamp cabbages; Every 4 row paddy rice are as a Rice Cropping band, and every 3 row swamp cabbages are as a swamp cabbage growth belt, and between described Rice Cropping band and swamp cabbage growth belt, distance is 15cm;
The tender stem of swamp cabbage and the petiole edible of this experiment rice field C results, quality is fresh and tender, pleasant to the palate, nutritious, and average yield is 2.26 kg/m
2, with average yield (the 2.13 kg/ m of the swamp cabbage of routine list kind treatments B
2) compare, volume increase 5.86%, the present embodiment swamp cabbage output is improved, and detects without agricultural chemicals, produces healthy and safe vegetables.
Table 1 is the observed result of the rice yield index of correlation of experiment rice field A and experiment rice field C results, and table 2 is the testing result of the rice quality of experiment rice field A and experiment rice field C results.
Result shows, compare with the rice yield index of routine list kind processing, these 5 indexs of spike length of rice, number of productive ear, ripening rate, thousand kernel weight and theoretical yield that the inventive method plantation is processed are improved than nonoculture processing, increase respectively 3.34%, 20.19%, 3.96%, 1.08% and 12.03%, wherein number of productive ear, ripening rate and 3 index increases of theoretical yield are comparatively obvious.Illustrate that this method has certain promotion to rice yield.From table 2, the every rice quality index such as brown rice rate, polished rice rate, head rice rate, aspect ratio, amylose content, glue denseness that adopts the green health food rice that the inventive method produces all and conventional single rice of planting process indifference, effectively ensure the quality (not reducing) of rice, and detect without agricultural chemicals, the rice of producing is safer.
Claims (7)
1. a method of simultaneously producing green health food rice and swamp cabbage in rice field, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
S1. intercropping plant paddy rice and swamp cabbage:
S11. wholely, prepare rice cultivation and swamp cabbage: raising rice seedlings, smooth rice field;
Paddy rice and swamp cabbage are transplanted first 3～5 days basal dressings, and then transplanting rice rice shoot is inserted kind of a swamp cabbage simultaneously; Rice shoot and swamp cabbage intercropping plant according to a certain percentage; Described swamp cabbage be Fanyu, Guangzhou endemic species (
ipomoea aquatica Forsk); The ratio of paddy rice and swamp cabbage intercropping plant is 4:3, and every 4 row paddy rice are as a Rice Cropping band, and every 3 row swamp cabbages are as a swamp cabbage growth belt, and between described Rice Cropping band and swamp cabbage growth belt, distance is 15cm; The specification that described rice seedling is inserted kind of seeding row spacing is 13cm～17cm × 18cm～22cm, and it is 13cm～17cm × 13cm～17cm that swamp cabbage is inserted kind of a seeding row spacing;
S12. water management:
When early stage with shallow water transplant, thin moisture tiller, to before booting taking shallow wet irrigation as main, before and after booting stage, adopt water layer to irrigate, the pustulation period, after this irrigation quantity reduced gradually taking shallow wet irrigation as main, and kept the moist cracking of ground moistening;
S13. daily fertilizer management:
Paddy rice after transplanting 7～10 days, executes urea as tillering fertilizer, within latter 45 days, executes short its of urea bloom in transplanting, does not refertilize afterwards; After opening leaf, swamp cabbage seedling sprays urea liquid fertilizer;
S2. results:
Described swamp cabbage harvest time is latter 4～7 weeks of plantation, then harvesting in the time that paddy rice is ripe;
Described in S11, the standard of using of basal dressing is every 667m
2execute Chicken dung 1800～2000kg;
Described in S13, paddy rice tillering fertilizer of 7～10 days after transplanting is every 667m
2execute urea 5kg;
Described in S13, transplanting and within latter 45 days, executing urea is every 667m
2use urea 5kg.
2. the method for simultaneously producing according to claim 1 green health food rice and swamp cabbage in rice field, is characterized in that, the plant height 20～35cm of swamp cabbage described in S11.
3. the method for simultaneously producing according to claim 1 green health food rice and swamp cabbage in rice field, is characterized in that, to insert the specification of kind of seeding row spacing be 15 cm × 20 cm to rice seedling described in S11, and the specification that swamp cabbage seedling is inserted kind is 15cm × 15cm.
4. the method for simultaneously producing according to claim 1 green health food rice and swamp cabbage in rice field, is characterized in that, the water layer of shallow water is 1～2cm described in S12.
5. the method for simultaneously producing according to claim 1 green health food rice and swamp cabbage in rice field, is characterized in that, the water layer of shallow wet irrigation is 0～1cm described in S12.
6. the method for simultaneously producing according to claim 1 green health food rice and swamp cabbage in rice field, is characterized in that, the water layer adopting before and after booting stage described in S12 is 3～5cm.
7. the method for simultaneously producing according to claim 1 green health food rice and swamp cabbage in rice field, is characterized in that, the mass percent concentration of urea liquid fertilizer is 0.3～0.5% described in S13.
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| CN103340127B (en) * | 2013-06-19 | 2016-03-09 | 广西力拓农业开发有限公司 | A kind of early rice cultivation method |
| CN103493660B (en) * | 2013-09-22 | 2015-07-15 | 华南农业大学 | Method for aquatic vegetable compound planting in paddy fields |
| CN104012290B (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2016-05-25 | 华南农业大学 | The method of a kind of rice field intercropping and interplanting arrowhead control rice blast and banded sclerotial blight |
| CN105028077A (en) * | 2015-08-29 | 2015-11-11 | 固镇县益民养殖专业合作社 | Novel three-dimensional planting method adopted in rice field |
| CN105993472B (en) * | 2016-05-23 | 2019-03-26 | 华南农业大学 | A method of the joyous crop rotation between rice of hydration produces aquatic vegetable and green manure simultaneously |
| CN107041224B (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2020-03-31 | 和县瑞祥水稻种植专业合作社 | Composite planting method for planting water spinach and towel gourd in rice field |
| CN109618847A (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2019-04-16 | 华南农业大学 | A method of cadmium pollution is repaired using work between rice-swamp cabbage |
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