CN105052291A - Method for improving salt and alkali soil through halophyte - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to treatment of salt and alkali soil, in particular to a method for improving salt and alkali soil through halophyte. The method includes the steps that firstly, after seeds with the good maturity such as atriplex halimus are refrigerated and stored, the seeds are sowed in potted soil in a hill-seedling mode, the potted surfaces are covered with fine sand and sprayed with a water solution in a timing mode, the surface of the soil is kept wet, the seedlings with the height ranging from 7 cm to 10 cm are transplanted into pots with the salt and alkali soil to be treated, and pot culturing is conducted; secondly, the pots are transferred outdoors, planting is conducted on the salt and alkali soil required to be treated according to the border of 1 m multiplying by 1 m till the whole region is covered; thirdly, after the transplanted plants grow for 120 days and are mature, and the seeds are shed, the portions, above the roots, of the plants are collected to be aired so as to be made into forage feed, and the salt and alkali soil can be improved after being governed through the method for 2 to 3 years. The method has the advantages that the salt and alkali soil can be improved effectively, and the treatment effect is good; consumption of a great number of water resources is not needed, growth of crops in the follow-up process is not affected; and the method is easy to implement and low in required cost.

Description

The method in the saline and alkaline soil of a kind of halophytes ecology improvement

Technical field

The present invention relates to the improvement of salt affected soil, particularly the method in the saline and alkaline soil of a kind of halophytes ecology improvement.

Background technology

The threat of the soil salinization to agricultural is a global problem, the saline land of existing about 1,000,000,000 hm2 in the world.Account for land surface nearly 25%.The arable land in the whole world 20% and the salt damage be all subject in various degree of irrigateing land of nearly half threaten.Only there is arable land 100,000,000 hm2 in China, be wherein salt wasteland and 0.067 hundred million hm2 more than 0.2 hundred million hm2 is saline soil territory, is one of saline land, world big country.China is a large agricultural country, and agricultural development is one of important component part of the national economic development.The effective measures in saline land are administered in research, transformation salinity ground, control the further improvement of its ecosystem, will be to concern the major issue that Chinese national economy increases, and the Important Action of sustainable development path is walked by Ye Shi China.

At present, the method of administering saline and alkaline soil is varied, as physically improved method utilizes irrigation and drainage measure to improve saline land, can be good at controlling and improving soil salinization degree, but this enriches the very big restriction of degree by water resource in some areas, and great river construction and longer cycle are difficult to the speed catching up with modernization development, short time difficulty is shown in economic benefit, and although chemical improvement agent can improve soil structure acceleration desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching row alkali process, soluble-salt based component can be changed, increase base exchange capacity, but chemical measure can introduce new chemical substance in soil, the accumulation of these materials can produce new adverse effect to crop.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem that the present invention mainly solves: need the growth affecting crop with a large amount of water resources and chemical measure for current physically improved method, propose the method in the saline and alkaline soil of a kind of halophytes ecology improvement, the method adopts mixed culture to inhale salt, inhale alkali plant and administer saline-alkali soil, the method can improve saline-alkali soil thoroughly, without the need to consuming a large amount of water resources, and the growth of follow-up crops can not be affected.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is, the method in the saline and alkaline soil of a kind of halophytes ecology improvement, is characterized in that concrete operation step is:

(1) by the end of September to early and middle ten days in October, choose saltbush, salicornia europaeal, the fluffy eugonic strain clump of alkali, after gathering the good seed of maturity, under 3 ~ 5 DEG C of degree, carry out stored refrigerated, for subsequent use;

(2) point disk seedling growing is adopted, by saltbush, salicornia europaeal and the fluffy Seed Points of alkali are sowed in the dish soil of free of contamination cave, 1 ~ 2mm fine sand is covered in cave panel surface, every 8 ~ 10h timed spays aqueous solution, soil surface is made to keep moistening, the aqueous solution sprayed to be mass concentration be 3 ~ 5% sodium chloride and sodium carbonate mixture, and improve concentration of aqueous solution 1 ~ 3% after each sprinkling, until plantation after 15 ~ 20 days, by saltbush when plant height is 7 ~ 10cm, salicornia europaeal and the fluffy seedling replanting of alkali are in the basin of the salt affected soil of required improvement, compost height is 16 ~ 18cm, test every basin and plant 3 strain seedling, after its growth is stable, thinning is 1 strain/basin,

(3) basin of the salt affected soil of plantation saltbush, salicornia europaeal and the fluffy seedling of alkali is moved to outdoor, in the saline-alkali soil ground of required improvement, first saltbush seedling is carried out frame plantation by the square of 1m × 1m, adopt salicornia europaeal and the fluffy seedling of alkali to carry out frame plantation by the square of 1m × 1m respectively again on its side, by that analogy, the saline and alkaline soil of required improvement is planted, its whole region of Landfill covering;

(4) plant after 120 days growth and maturity until plant transplantation, after seed shedding, collection distance root 3 ~ more than 5cm position is carried out to it, airing is carried out to it and makes forage feed, adopt said method to administer improvement after 2 ~ 3 years.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:

(1) effectively can improve saline land, regulation effect is good;

(2) without the need to the water resource of at substantial, the growth of follow-up crops can not be affected;

(3) simple to operate, required cost is low.

Embodiment

First by the end of September to early and middle ten days in October, choose saltbush, salicornia europaeal, the fluffy eugonic strain clump of alkali, after gathering the good seed of maturity, under 3 ~ 5 DEG C of degree, carry out stored refrigerated, for subsequent use, adopt point disk seedling growing again, by saltbush, salicornia europaeal and the fluffy Seed Points of alkali are sowed in the dish soil of free of contamination cave, 1 ~ 2mm fine sand is covered in cave panel surface, every 8 ~ 10h timed spays aqueous solution, soil surface is made to keep moistening, the aqueous solution sprayed to be mass concentration be 3 ~ 5% sodium chloride and sodium carbonate mixture, and improve concentration of aqueous solution 1 ~ 3% after each sprinkling, until plantation after 15 ~ 20 days, by saltbush when plant height is 7 ~ 10cm, salicornia europaeal and the fluffy seedling replanting of alkali are in the basin of the salt affected soil of required improvement, compost height is 16 ~ 18cm, test every basin and plant 3 strain seedling, after its growth is stable, thinning is 1 strain/basin, then the basin of the salt affected soil of plantation saltbush, salicornia europaeal and the fluffy seedling of alkali is moved to outdoor, in the saline-alkali soil ground of required improvement, first saltbush seedling is carried out frame plantation by the square of 1m × 1m, adopt salicornia europaeal and the fluffy seedling of alkali to carry out frame plantation by the square of 1m × 1m respectively again on its side, by that analogy, the saline and alkaline soil of required improvement is planted, its whole region of Landfill covering, plant after 120 days growth and maturity until plant transplantation, after seed shedding, collection distance root 3 ~ more than 5cm position is carried out to it, airing is carried out to it and makes forage feed, adopt said method to administer improvement after 2 ~ 3 years.

Example 1

First at early and middle ten days in October, choose saltbush, salicornia europaeal, the fluffy eugonic strain clump of alkali, after gathering the good seed of maturity, under 5 DEG C of degree, carry out stored refrigerated, for subsequent use, adopt point disk seedling growing again, by saltbush, salicornia europaeal and the fluffy Seed Points of alkali are sowed in the dish soil of free of contamination cave, 2mm fine sand is covered in cave panel surface, every the 10h timed spays aqueous solution, soil surface is made to keep moistening, the aqueous solution sprayed to be mass concentration be 5% sodium chloride and sodium carbonate mixture, and improve concentration of aqueous solution 3% after each sprinkling, until plantation after 20 days, by saltbush when plant height is 10cm, salicornia europaeal and the fluffy seedling replanting of alkali are in the basin of the salt affected soil of required improvement, compost height is 18cm, test every basin and plant 3 strain seedling, after its growth is stable, thinning is 1 strain/basin, then the basin of the salt affected soil of plantation saltbush, salicornia europaeal and the fluffy seedling of alkali is moved to outdoor, in the saline-alkali soil ground of required improvement, first saltbush seedling is carried out frame plantation by the square of 1m × 1m, adopt salicornia europaeal and the fluffy seedling of alkali to carry out frame plantation by the square of 1m × 1m respectively again on its side, by that analogy, the saline and alkaline soil of required improvement is planted, its whole region of Landfill covering, plant after 120 days growth and maturity until plant transplantation, after seed shedding, the collection distance above position of root 5cm is carried out to it, airing is carried out to it and makes forage feed, adopt said method to administer improvement after 3 years, detecting by improvement soil, salt content is 0.1 ﹪, pH is 7.2, up to standard, be applicable to crop growth.

Example 2

First by the end of September, choose saltbush, salicornia europaeal, the fluffy eugonic strain clump of alkali, after gathering the good seed of maturity, under 3 DEG C of degree, carry out stored refrigerated, for subsequent use, adopt point disk seedling growing again, by saltbush, salicornia europaeal and the fluffy Seed Points of alkali are sowed in the dish soil of free of contamination cave, 1mm fine sand is covered in cave panel surface, every the 8h timed spays aqueous solution, soil surface is made to keep moistening, the aqueous solution sprayed to be mass concentration be 3% sodium chloride and sodium carbonate mixture, and improve concentration of aqueous solution 1% after each sprinkling, until plantation after 15 days, by saltbush when plant height is 7cm, salicornia europaeal and the fluffy seedling replanting of alkali are in the basin of the salt affected soil of required improvement, compost height is 16cm, test every basin and plant 3 strain seedling, after its growth is stable, thinning is 1 strain/basin, then the basin of the salt affected soil of plantation saltbush, salicornia europaeal and the fluffy seedling of alkali is moved to outdoor, in the saline-alkali soil ground of required improvement, first saltbush seedling is carried out frame plantation by the square of 1m × 1m, adopt salicornia europaeal and the fluffy seedling of alkali to carry out frame plantation by the square of 1m × 1m respectively again on its side, by that analogy, the saline and alkaline soil of required improvement is planted, its whole region of Landfill covering, plant after 120 days growth and maturity until plant transplantation, after seed shedding, the collection distance above position of root 3cm is carried out to it, airing is carried out to it and makes forage feed, adopt said method to administer improvement after 2 years, detecting by improvement soil, salt content is 0.2 ﹪, pH is 7.3, up to standard, be applicable to crop growth.

Example 3

First at early and middle ten days in October, choose saltbush, salicornia europaeal, the fluffy eugonic strain clump of alkali, after gathering the good seed of maturity, under 4 DEG C of degree, carry out stored refrigerated, for subsequent use, adopt point disk seedling growing again, by saltbush, salicornia europaeal and the fluffy Seed Points of alkali are sowed in the dish soil of free of contamination cave, 1mm fine sand is covered in cave panel surface, every the 9h timed spays aqueous solution, soil surface is made to keep moistening, the aqueous solution sprayed to be mass concentration be 4% sodium chloride and sodium carbonate mixture, and improve concentration of aqueous solution 2% after each sprinkling, until plantation after 17 days, by saltbush when plant height is 8cm, salicornia europaeal and the fluffy seedling replanting of alkali are in the basin of the salt affected soil of required improvement, compost height is 17cm, test every basin and plant 3 strain seedling, after its growth is stable, thinning is 1 strain/basin, then the basin of the salt affected soil of plantation saltbush, salicornia europaeal and the fluffy seedling of alkali is moved to outdoor, in the saline-alkali soil ground of required improvement, first saltbush seedling is carried out frame plantation by the square of 1m × 1m, adopt salicornia europaeal and the fluffy seedling of alkali to carry out frame plantation by the square of 1m × 1m respectively again on its side, by that analogy, the saline and alkaline soil of required improvement is planted, its whole region of Landfill covering, plant after 120 days growth and maturity until plant transplantation, after seed shedding, the collection distance above position of root 4cm is carried out to it, airing is carried out to it and makes forage feed, adopt said method to administer improvement after 3 years, detecting by improvement soil, salt content is 0.15 ﹪, pH is 7.3, up to standard, be applicable to crop growth.

Claims (1)

1. the method in the saline and alkaline soil of halophytes ecology improvement, is characterized in that concrete operation step is:

(1) by the end of September to early and middle ten days in October, choose saltbush, salicornia europaeal, the fluffy eugonic strain clump of alkali, after gathering the good seed of maturity, under 3 ~ 5 DEG C of degree, carry out stored refrigerated, for subsequent use;

(2) point disk seedling growing is adopted, by saltbush, salicornia europaeal and the fluffy Seed Points of alkali are sowed in the dish soil of free of contamination cave, 1 ~ 2mm fine sand is covered in cave panel surface, every 8 ~ 10h timed spays aqueous solution, soil surface is made to keep moistening, the aqueous solution sprayed to be mass concentration be 3 ~ 5% sodium chloride and sodium carbonate mixture, and improve concentration of aqueous solution 1 ~ 3% after each sprinkling, until plantation after 15 ~ 20 days, by saltbush when plant height is 7 ~ 10cm, salicornia europaeal and the fluffy seedling replanting of alkali are in the basin of the salt affected soil of required improvement, compost height is 16 ~ 18cm, test every basin and plant 3 strain seedling, after its growth is stable, thinning is 1 strain/basin,

(3) basin of the salt affected soil of plantation saltbush, salicornia europaeal and the fluffy seedling of alkali is moved to outdoor, in the saline-alkali soil ground of required improvement, first saltbush seedling is carried out frame plantation by the square of 1m × 1m, adopt salicornia europaeal and the fluffy seedling of alkali to carry out frame plantation by the square of 1m × 1m respectively again on its side, by that analogy, the saline and alkaline soil of required improvement is planted, its whole region of Landfill covering;

(4) plant after 120 days growth and maturity until plant transplantation, after seed shedding, collection distance root 3 ~ more than 5cm position is carried out to it, airing is carried out to it and makes forage feed, adopt said method to administer improvement after 2 ~ 3 years.