CN103843568B - Prevent the crop rotation implantation methods that cucumber in solar-greenhouse continuous cropping obstacle occurs - Google Patents
Prevent the crop rotation implantation methods that cucumber in solar-greenhouse continuous cropping obstacle occurs Download PDFInfo
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- CN103843568B CN103843568B CN201410088514.7A CN201410088514A CN103843568B CN 103843568 B CN103843568 B CN 103843568B CN 201410088514 A CN201410088514 A CN 201410088514A CN 103843568 B CN103843568 B CN 103843568B
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- 235000010799 Cucumis sativus var sativus Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 238000003967 crop rotation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000009335 monocropping Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 240000006676 Cucumis sativus var. sativus Species 0.000 title 1
- 240000008067 Cucumis sativus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 97
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 240000006794 Volvariella volvacea Species 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 60
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 240000008881 Oenanthe javanica Species 0.000 claims description 24
- 240000008436 Ipomoea aquatica Species 0.000 claims description 23
- 235000000365 Oenanthe javanica Nutrition 0.000 claims description 23
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims description 23
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 23
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 23
- 235000019004 Ipomoea aquatica Nutrition 0.000 claims description 22
- 235000013559 Schnittsellerie Nutrition 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 14
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 210000003608 Feces Anatomy 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000000832 Ayote Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 240000004244 Cucurbita moschata Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000009854 Cucurbita moschata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000009804 Cucurbita pepo subsp pepo Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000015136 pumpkin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000249 desinfective Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000030795 Annona lutescens Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000005288 Annona lutescens Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- DJHJJVWPFGHIPH-OODMECLYSA-N Chitin Chemical compound O[C@@H]1C(NC(=O)C)[C@H](O)OC(CO)[C@H]1COC[C@H]1C(NC(C)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](COC[C@H]2C([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)C(CO)O2)NC(C)=O)C(CO)O1 DJHJJVWPFGHIPH-OODMECLYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002101 Chitin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000005158 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012970 cakes Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000003905 agrochemical Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium monoxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 241000219112 Cucumis Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000015510 Cucumis melo subsp melo Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009340 sequential cropping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of crop rotation implantation methods preventing cucumber in solar-greenhouse continuous cropping obstacle from occurring, after cucumber in solar-greenhouse and straw mushroom crop rotation twice, third time carries out crop rotation for cucumber in solar-greenhouse and aquatic crops; The inventive method prevents the generation of cucumber in solar-greenhouse continuous cropping obstacle effectively, reduces the usage amount of agricultural chemicals, reduces the production cost of cucumber in solar-greenhouse; Again by the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching, acid adjustment, increase the beneficial microorganism content in greenhouse by solar heat soil, improvement soil, promotes the growth of cucumber, increases cucumber yield, improves cucumber quality, thus increases the economic benefit of cucumber in solar-greenhouse; The availability of greenhouse by solar heat can also be improved in addition, increase the income of peasant, there is good environmental benefit and economic benefit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of crop rotation implantation methods preventing cucumber in solar-greenhouse continuous cropping obstacle from occurring, be specifically related to the cropping pattern of cucumber in solar-greenhouse and straw mushroom, water spinach, paddy rice, Chinese celery crop rotation.
Background technology
Cucumber is one of domestic and international greenhouse by solar heat main cultivation crop, utilizes greenhouse by solar heat off-season cultivation cucumber both can make up the scarcity of winter vegetable kind in the winter time, can increase again the economic benefit of numerous vegetable growers.Now, utilize greenhouse by solar heat off-season cultivation cucumber to obtain large-area popularization in some places, and form certain planting scale gradually.But because greenhouse cucumber sequential cropping cultivation easily causes soil-borne disease Pests Damage serious in production, soil secondary salinization, acidifying, soil nutrient validity reduces, harmful substance accumulates, the continuous cropping obstacle that biologically active reduces, causes the yield and quality of cucumber to decline, has had a strong impact on the economic benefit of cucumber in solar-greenhouse, therefore, the key that continuous cropping obstacle becomes industrialized agriculture sustainable development is prevented and treated.
Utilize the crop rotation of melon mushroom can reduce the generation of succession cropping obstacle of green cucumber, but due to the retting of straw mushroom compost and Volvaria volvacea cultivation applying a large amount of quicklime, as when retting straw mushroom compost (straw), the consumption of quicklime is 30% of rice straw weight, the consumption of indivedual peasant household quicklime when retting straw is 50% of rice straw weight, and also will spread fertilizer over the fields one deck quicklime at soil surface and carry out soil disinfection before straw enters greenhouse by solar heat plantation straw mushroom.Therefore, although melon mushroom crop rotation continuous cropping for many years for many years alleviates the generation of succession cropping obstacle of green cucumber, easily make greenhouse by solar heat soil harden phenomenon, affect the yield and quality of cucumber in solar-greenhouse.
Rice field-upland field rotation can prevent the generation of cucumber in solar-greenhouse continuous cropping obstacle, but nobody proposes the rice field-upland field rotation cycle and how to carry out rice field-upland field rotation so far.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is: provide a kind of crop rotation implantation methods preventing cucumber in solar-greenhouse continuous cropping obstacle from occurring, the method can prevent the generation of cucumber in solar-greenhouse continuous cropping obstacle effectively, reduce the usage amount of agricultural chemicals, reduce the production cost of cucumber in solar-greenhouse; Again by the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching, acid adjustment, increase the beneficial microorganism content in greenhouse by solar heat soil, improvement soil, promotes the growth of cucumber, increases cucumber yield, improves cucumber quality, thus increases the economic benefit of cucumber in solar-greenhouse; The availability of greenhouse by solar heat can also be improved in addition, increase the income of peasant, there is good environmental benefit and economic benefit.
Technical solution of the present invention is: after cucumber in solar-greenhouse and straw mushroom crop rotation twice, and third time carries out crop rotation for cucumber in solar-greenhouse and aquatic crops; This alternating method carries out according to the following step:
(1) cucumber in solar-greenhouse in late September then or early October seeding and seedling raising, pumpkin rootstock grow to a leaf wholeheartedly time carry out grafting, the last ten-days period in October transplant planting, end of gathering May in next year;
(2) after cucumber is gathered and terminates, the cucumber stubble in cleaning greenhouse by solar heat, film, weeds, plantation straw mushroom;
(3), after straw mushroom is gathered and terminates, the straw in cleaning greenhouse by solar heat also ploughs soil, airing, and the last ten-days period in September or early October carry out cucumber seedling-raising, pumpkin rootstock grow to a leaf wholeheartedly time carry out grafting, October transplant planting, end of gathering in May, the 3rd;
(4) after cucumber is gathered and terminates, according to step (2) plantation straw mushroom;
(5) after straw mushroom is gathered and terminates, according to step (1) plantation cucumber;
After (6) the 4th years cucumber are gathered and terminate, the cucumber stubble in cleaning greenhouse by solar heat, film, weeds, build the antiseepage ridge of high 20cm, wide 10cm in greenhouse by aisle, greenhouse, two wall and Nan Qiang limit, greenhouse, the compacting antiseepage ridge, early June plantation aquatic crops;
(7) early or mid October, aquatic crops ploughs soil airing, again plants cucumber, carry out crop rotation plantation later according to this alternating method according to step (1) after gathering and terminating.
Wherein, aquatic crops refers to water spinach, paddy rice or Chinese celery.
Wherein, when ploughing soil in described step (1) before cucumber in solar-greenhouse transplant planting, every 667m
2the high-quality barnyard manure 7 ~ 8m spread fertilizer over the fields the ecological organic medical fertilizer of 100kg, becoming thoroughly decomposed
3or 5 ~ 6m
3feces of livestock and poultry and 100kg ferment crops straw, then execute the cake fertilizer 100 ~ 150kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed, and in the ecological organic medical fertilizer used, N, P, K content is 33%, bitter bean powder content is 2%, OX-heart Piao content is 3%.
Wherein, in described step (1) when cucumber field planting, every 667m
2cucumber in solar-greenhouse planting density increases by 500 strains.
Wherein, in described step (1) after cucumber field planting 10 days, every 667m
2cucumber 100g chitin stirs evenly rear evenly spraying in cucumber leaves to water 20kg.
Wherein, straw mushroom compost is based on straw then in described step (2), during retting composts or fertilisers of cultivating, the mixture of ash and potassium hydroxide carries out retting, and ash and potassium hydroxide mass ratio are 8:1, and the mixture weight of ash and potassium hydroxide accounts for 10% ~ 15% of straw dry weight; Before the straw crossed in retting enters greenhouse by solar heat plantation straw mushroom, with ash and potassium hydroxide mixture to disinfecting soil in greenhouse by solar heat.
Wherein, in described step (6) during planting in solar-greenhouse water spinach, before ploughing soil, every 667m
2execute decomposed manure 1000 ~ 2000kg, ash 100kg; Fertilizer and soil fully harrow even after, make the furrow of wide 1m, high 5cm, furrow face is smooth soft, and furrow face soil particle is tiny does not have large clod.
Wherein, in described step (6) during planting in solar-greenhouse Chinese celery, airing soil carries out after 2 ~ 3 days ploughing soil, does not stay dead angle, plough and put in place when ploughing soil; Every 667m
2execute Chicken dung 2000kg or biological organic fertilizer 1000kg, quality 45% Dasanyuan composite fertilizer 50kg, urea 15kg make base manure; Fertilizer and soil fully harrow even after, plot is divided into the furrow of high 5cm, wide 100cm, furrow face is smooth soft, and furrow face soil particle is tiny does not have large clod, stays the ditch of wide 30cm between furrow and furrow, communicates with surrounding ditch, to water row irrigation.
Wherein, keep field water layer 5 ~ 10cm high at aquatic crops growing period.
Wherein, Chinese celery growing period in described step (6), lowers the temperature on the frame of greenhouse by solar heat with the Shading net covering of light transmittance 75%.
Wherein, the water source of pouring aquatic crops is the water in irrigation canals and ditches river course in described step (6), high temperature period in the morning 10:00 to drain water consumpation, the water that 14:00 introduces irrigation canals and ditches river course afternoon is irrigated.
Wherein, in described step (6), paddy rice was gathered in the crops mid-October; Gathering when Chinese celery and water spinach grow to 30 ~ 40cm height also, toothing 5cm is high, after Chinese celery and water spinach are often gathered one time 2 ~ 3 days, and every 667m
2spread fertilizer over the fields urea 10kg, and water, water layer does not flood the toothing of Chinese celery, water spinach.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following obvious advantage:
One, the present invention adopt front twice cucumber and straw mushroom crop rotation, third time cucumber and the cropping pattern of aquatic crops crop rotation to prevent the generation of cucumber in solar-greenhouse continuous cropping obstacle, both the usage amount of agricultural chemicals had been decreased, reduce the production cost of cucumber, additionally reduce the pollution of agricultural chemicals to agroecological environment.
Two, in the present invention, straw mushroom compost adopts the mixture of ash and potassium hydroxide to replace quicklime to carry out retting, both can play acid adjustment effect to the soil in greenhouse by solar heat, and can not cause greenhouse by solar heat soil compaction again.
Three, in the present invention, third time adopts cucumber and aquatic crops crop rotation, can wash away salinity too much in greenhouse by solar heat soil, reduces the acid-base value of soil, increases the quantity of beneficial microbe, beneficial bacterium in soil, improves soil, promotes the growth of cucumber.
Four, one aspect of the present invention, plants straw mushroom, generation that water spinach, paddy rice, Chinese celery prevent succession cropping obstacle of green cucumber in Gray in Sunlight Greenhouse in Summer, and reduce the Pesticide use of cucumber in solar-greenhouse prevention and elimination of disease and pests, reducing Pesticide use amount is more than 40%; On the other hand, in Gray in Sunlight Greenhouse in Summer, plant straw mushroom can obtain economic benefit 10000 yuan/667m
2above, plant water spinach and can obtain economic benefit 6000 yuan/667m
2above, rice cultivation can obtain economic benefit 1500 yuan/667m
2above, plant Chinese celery and can obtain economic benefit 7000 yuan/667m
2above.
Five, the present invention can make the economic benefit of greenhouse by solar heat reach maximization, and effectively can prevent and treat generation and the soil compaction of succession cropping obstacle of green cucumber.
Embodiment
Further illustrate technical solution of the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment, these embodiments can not be interpreted as it is restriction to technical scheme.
embodiment 1:according to following steps crop rotation plantation cucumber and straw mushroom and water spinach
(1) in greenhouse by solar heat, annual late September or early October seeding and seedling raising, pumpkin rootstock grow to a leaf wholeheartedly time carry out grafting; The last ten-days period in October transplant planting, when ploughing soil before cucumber in solar-greenhouse transplant planting, every 667m
2the high-quality barnyard manure 7 ~ 8m spread fertilizer over the fields ecological organic medical fertilizer, becoming thoroughly decomposed
3or 5 ~ 6m
3feces of livestock and poultry and 100kg ferment crops straw, then execute the cake fertilizer 100 ~ 150kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed, and in the ecological organic medical fertilizer used, N, P, K content is 33%, bitter bean powder content is 2%, OX-heart Piao content is 3%;
(2) when cucumber field planting, the planting density of cucumber is increased, every 667m
2cucumber in solar-greenhouse planting density increases by 500 strains;
(3) after cucumber field planting 10 days, every 667m
2cucumber sprays 100g chitin and stirs evenly rear evenly spraying in cucumber leaves to water 20kg;
(4) greenhouse by solar heat carries out production management routinely and gathers later, end of gathering May in next year;
(5) after cucumber is gathered and terminates, cucumber stubble, film, weeds in cleaning greenhouse by solar heat, in pond, use the mixture retting straw of ash and potassium hydroxide, the mass ratio of ash and potassium hydroxide is 8:1, and the weight of the mixture of ash and potassium hydroxide is 10% of dry rice straw weight; First lay one deck straw in pond, then spreads the mixture of one deck ash and potassium hydroxide, generally spreads 3 ~ 4 layers; Before the straw of retting enters greenhouse by solar heat plantation straw mushroom, with the mixture of ash and potassium hydroxide to the disinfecting soil in greenhouse by solar heat;
(6) straw of retting enters greenhouse by solar heat code heap, spreads straw mushroom bacterial classification, blinding, carries out the normal production management of straw mushroom and gathers;
(7) straw mushroom gather terminate after, according to step 1), 2), 3), 4) plantation cucumber, manage and gather;
(8) after cucumber is gathered and terminates, according to step 5), 6) plant straw mushroom, manage and gather;
(9) straw mushroom gather terminate after, according to step 1), 2), 3), 4) plantation cucumber, manage and gather;
(10), after cucumber is gathered and terminates, cleaning field cucumber stubble, film, weeds, build the antiseepage ridge of high 20cm, wide 10cm in greenhouse by aisle, greenhouse, two wall and Nan Qiang limit, greenhouse, the compacting antiseepage ridge; Before ploughing soil, every 667m
2execute decomposed manure 1000 ~ 2000kg, ash 100kg; Fertilizer and soil fully harrow even after, make the furrow of wide 1m, high 5cm, furrow face is smooth soft, and furrow face soil particle is tiny does not have large clod; Mid or late May carries out water spinach nursery, early June field planting water spinach, and water spinach seeding row spacing 10cm × 20cm, waters after field planting terminates;
(11) keep field water layer 5 ~ 10cm high at water spinach growing period, and lower the temperature on the frame of greenhouse by solar heat with the Shading net covering of light transmittance 75%; The water source of pouring water spinach is water in irrigation canals and ditches river course, high temperature period in the morning 10:00 to drain water consumpation, the water that 14:00 introduces irrigation canals and ditches river course afternoon is irrigated;
(12) gather when water spinach grows to 30 ~ 40cm height, toothing 5cm; Water spinach is often gathered once, after gathering 2 ~ 3 days, every 667m
2spread fertilizer over the fields urea 10kg, and water, water layer can not flood the toothing of water spinach;
(13), after water spinach is gathered and terminates, plough soil airing, plant next batch of cucumber; Carry out crop rotation by this pattern later.
Embodiment 2: with embodiment 1, wherein the weight of the mixture of step ash and potassium hydroxide is 12.5% of dry rice straw weight.
Embodiment 3: with embodiment 1, wherein the weight of the mixture of step ash and potassium hydroxide is 15% of dry rice straw weight.
embodiment 4:the step of front twice cucumber and straw mushroom crop rotation is with embodiment 1; After plantation third time cucumber gathers end, cleaning field cucumber stubble, film, weeds, build the antiseepage ridge of high 20cm, wide 10cm in greenhouse by aisle, greenhouse, two wall and Nan Qiang limit, greenhouse, the compacting antiseepage ridge; June rice cultivation; During paddy growth, carry out water management routinely, and lower the temperature on the frame of greenhouse by solar heat with the Shading net covering of light transmittance 75%; The water source of pouring paddy rice is water in irrigation canals and ditches river course, high temperature period in the morning 10:00 to drain water consumpation, the water that 14:00 introduces irrigation canals and ditches river course afternoon is irrigated; In early or mid October harvesting paddy rice; After paddy rice harvesting, plough soil airing, plant next batch of cucumber; Carry out crop rotation by this pattern later.
embodiment 5:the step of front twice cucumber and straw mushroom crop rotation is with embodiment 2; Wherein the weight of the mixture of step ash and potassium hydroxide is 12.5% of dry rice straw weight.
embodiment 6:the step of front twice cucumber and straw mushroom crop rotation is with embodiment 3; Wherein the weight of the mixture of step ash and potassium hydroxide is 15% of dry rice straw weight.
embodiment 7:the step of front twice cucumber and straw mushroom crop rotation is with embodiment 1; After plantation third time cucumber gathers end, cleaning field cucumber stubble, film, weeds, build the antiseepage ridge of high 20cm, wide 10cm in greenhouse by aisle, greenhouse, two wall and Nan Qiang limit, greenhouse, the compacting antiseepage ridge; Airing soil carries out after 2 ~ 3 days ploughing soil, stays dead angle when ploughing soil, ploughs and put in place; Every 667m
2execute Chicken dung 2000kg or biological organic fertilizer 1000kg, quality 45% Dasanyuan composite fertilizer 50kg, urea 15kg make base manure, fertilizer and soil fully harrow even after, plot is divided into the furrow of high 5cm, wide 100cm, furrow face is smooth soft, furrow face soil particle is tiny does not have large clod, stay the ditch of wide 30cm between furrow and furrow, communicate with surrounding ditch, to water row irrigation; In early or mid June plantation Chinese celery, Chinese celery is cut into the stem section of 30cm, the spacing 3cm of stem and stem, and row is layered on furrow face, then spreads fine earth and pushes down javan waterdropwort stem section and water; Keep field water layer 5 ~ 10cm high at Chinese celery growing period, and lower the temperature on the frame of greenhouse by solar heat with the Shading net covering of light transmittance 75%; The water source of pouring Chinese celery is water in irrigation canals and ditches river course, high temperature period in the morning 10:00 to drain water consumpation, the water that 14:00 introduces irrigation canals and ditches river course afternoon is irrigated; Gather when Chinese celery grows to 30 ~ 40cm height, toothing 5cm; Chinese celery is often gathered once, after gathering 2 ~ 3 days, every 667m
2spread fertilizer over the fields urea 10kg, and water, water layer can not flood the toothing of Chinese celery; Chinese celery ploughs soil airing, plants next batch of cucumber after gathering and terminating; Carry out crop rotation by this pattern later.
embodiment 8:the step of front twice cucumber and straw mushroom crop rotation is with embodiment 2; Wherein the weight of the mixture of step ash and potassium hydroxide is 12.5% of dry rice straw weight.
embodiment 9:the step of front twice cucumber and straw mushroom crop rotation is with embodiment 3; Wherein the weight of the mixture of step ash and potassium hydroxide is 15% of dry rice straw weight.
Claims (3)
1. prevent the crop rotation implantation methods that cucumber in solar-greenhouse continuous cropping obstacle occurs, after cucumber in solar-greenhouse and straw mushroom crop rotation twice, third time carries out crop rotation for cucumber in solar-greenhouse and aquatic crops; This crop rotation implantation methods carries out according to the following step:
(1) cucumber in solar-greenhouse in late September then or early October seeding and seedling raising, pumpkin rootstock grow to a leaf wholeheartedly time carry out grafting, the last ten-days period in October transplant planting, end of gathering May in next year;
(2) after cucumber is gathered and terminates, the cucumber stubble in cleaning greenhouse by solar heat, film, weeds, plantation straw mushroom;
(3), after straw mushroom is gathered and terminates, the straw in cleaning greenhouse by solar heat also ploughs soil, airing, and the last ten-days period in September or early October carry out cucumber seedling-raising, pumpkin rootstock grow to a leaf wholeheartedly time carry out grafting, October transplant planting, end of gathering in May, the 3rd;
(4) after cucumber is gathered and terminates, according to step (2) plantation straw mushroom;
(5) after straw mushroom is gathered and terminates, according to step (1) plantation cucumber;
After (6) the 4th years cucumber are gathered and terminate, the cucumber stubble in cleaning greenhouse by solar heat, film, weeds, build the antiseepage ridge of high 20cm, wide 10cm in greenhouse by aisle, greenhouse, two wall and Nan Qiang limit, greenhouse, the compacting antiseepage ridge, early June plantation aquatic crops;
(7) early or mid October, aquatic crops ploughs soil airing, again plants cucumber, carry out crop rotation plantation later according to this alternating method according to step (1) after gathering and terminating;
It is characterized in that: aquatic crops refers to water spinach, paddy rice or Chinese celery; When ploughing soil in described step (1) before cucumber in solar-greenhouse transplant planting, every 667m
2the high-quality barnyard manure 7 ~ 8m spread fertilizer over the fields the ecological organic medical fertilizer of 100kg, becoming thoroughly decomposed
3or 5 ~ 6m
3feces of livestock and poultry and 100kg ferment crops straw, then execute the cake fertilizer 100 ~ 150kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed, and in the ecological organic medical fertilizer used, N, P, K content is 33%, bitter bean powder content is 2%, OX-heart Piao content is 3%; In described step (1) when cucumber field planting, every 667m
2cucumber in solar-greenhouse planting density increases by 500 strains; In described step (1) after cucumber field planting 10 days, every 667m
2cucumber 100g chitin stirs evenly rear evenly spraying in cucumber leaves to water 20kg; Straw mushroom compost is based on straw then in described step (2), during retting composts or fertilisers of cultivating, the mixture of ash and potassium hydroxide carries out retting, ash and potassium hydroxide mass ratio are 8:1, and the mixture weight of ash and potassium hydroxide accounts for 10% ~ 15% of straw dry weight; Before the straw crossed in retting enters greenhouse by solar heat plantation straw mushroom, with the mixture of ash and potassium hydroxide to the disinfecting soil in greenhouse by solar heat; In described step (6) during planting in solar-greenhouse water spinach, before ploughing soil, every 667m
2execute decomposed manure 1000 ~ 2000kg, ash 100kg; Fertilizer and soil fully harrow even after, make the furrow of wide 1m, high 5cm, furrow face is smooth soft, and furrow face soil particle is tiny does not have large clod; In described step (6) during planting in solar-greenhouse Chinese celery, airing soil carries out after 2 ~ 3 days ploughing soil, does not stay dead angle, plough and put in place when ploughing soil; Every 667m
2execute Chicken dung 2000kg or biological organic fertilizer 1000kg, quality 45% Dasanyuan composite fertilizer 50kg, urea 15kg make base manure; Fertilizer and soil fully harrow even after, plot is divided into the furrow of high 5cm, wide 100cm, furrow face is smooth soft, and furrow face soil particle is tiny does not have large clod, stays the ditch of wide 30cm between furrow and furrow, communicates with surrounding ditch, to water row irrigation; In described step (6), paddy rice was gathered in the crops mid-October; Gather when Chinese celery and water spinach grow to 30 ~ 40cm height and toothing 5cm, after Chinese celery and water spinach are often gathered one time 2 ~ 3 days, every 667m
2spread fertilizer over the fields urea 10kg, and water, water layer does not flood the toothing of Chinese celery, water spinach.
2. the crop rotation implantation methods preventing cucumber in solar-greenhouse continuous cropping obstacle from occurring according to claim 1, is characterized in that: Chinese celery growing period, lowers the temperature on the frame of greenhouse by solar heat with the Shading net covering of light transmittance 75%.
3. the crop rotation implantation methods preventing cucumber in solar-greenhouse continuous cropping obstacle from occurring according to claim 1, is characterized in that keeping field water layer 5 ~ 10cm high at aquatic crops growing period; The water source of pouring aquatic crops is water in irrigation canals and ditches river course, high temperature period in the morning 10:00 to drain water consumpation, the water that 14:00 introduces irrigation canals and ditches river course afternoon is irrigated.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410088514.7A CN103843568B (en) | 2014-03-12 | 2014-03-12 | Prevent the crop rotation implantation methods that cucumber in solar-greenhouse continuous cropping obstacle occurs |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410088514.7A CN103843568B (en) | 2014-03-12 | 2014-03-12 | Prevent the crop rotation implantation methods that cucumber in solar-greenhouse continuous cropping obstacle occurs |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103843568A CN103843568A (en) | 2014-06-11 |
| CN103843568B true CN103843568B (en) | 2016-01-20 |
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| JP2001352835A (en) * | 2000-06-13 | 2001-12-25 | Hideo Masubuchi | Method for greening desert with seawater |
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| CN102450148A (en) * | 2010-10-29 | 2012-05-16 | 夏月明 | Cultivation method for planting summer cress in vegetable greenhouse |
| CN102515915A (en) * | 2011-11-29 | 2012-06-27 | 江苏徐淮地区淮阴农业科学研究所 | Straw mushroom substrate retting material for preventing soil from hardening |
| CN102511262B (en) * | 2011-11-29 | 2013-09-11 | 江苏徐淮地区淮阴农业科学研究所 | Rice filed and upland field rotation method for prevention and treatment of cucumber root-knot nematodes |
| CN103004471B (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2014-10-22 | 南京信息工程大学 | Method for eliminating facility cultivated vegetable continuous cropping obstacle |
| CN103283465A (en) * | 2013-06-17 | 2013-09-11 | 何寒 | Cucumber high-efficient cultivation method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106804272A (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2017-06-09 | 淮阴师范学院 | Microbial fermentation straw and its application process in cucumber straw mushroom rotation cropping |
| CN106900319A (en) * | 2017-02-17 | 2017-06-30 | 新疆生产建设兵团第六师农业科学研究所 | A kind of cucumber in solar-greenhouse method for culturing seedlings for overcoming continuous cropping obstacle |
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