CN110235735A - A kind of coastal region moderate saline-alkali soil DETERIORATED FOREST after-culture remodeling method - Google Patents
A kind of coastal region moderate saline-alkali soil DETERIORATED FOREST after-culture remodeling method Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G23/00—Forestry
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/40—Afforestation or reforestation
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of coastal region moderate saline-alkali soil DETERIORATED FOREST after-culture remodeling methods, comprising: 1) Salt-tolerant Forage Grasses planting technique: at the beginning of 34 months the end of month, the Light media non-woven container herbage seedling of division propagation being moved in the Low-efficiency forest for needing after-culture to be transformed and is transplanted；2) in Low effect forest tree species after-culture afforestation technology: after Salt-tolerant Forage Grasses plantation in 1 year, soil salt content be reduced to 3 ‰ hereinafter, can in the spring of second year, carried out in Low effect forest salt tolerant degree 3 ‰ Qiao, shrub species after-culture afforestation.In the after-culture transformation of Low effect forest caused by the invention is applied to because of secondary salinization reason；The after-culture surrival rate of afforestation of moderate saline-alkali soil Low-efficiency forest can be made to reach 90% or more, solve the technical bottleneck that the surrival rate of afforestation is low in salt-soda soil DETERIORATED FOREST after-culture transformation；This method is simple and easy, small investment, can be widely applied in production, and DETERIORATED FOREST is made to form stable stand structure, achievees the purpose that its ecological protective functions of fast quick-recovery.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the plantations of the salt-tolerant plant of alkaline land improving and orest management field, specifically a kind of strand
Area's moderate saline-alkali soil DETERIORATED FOREST after-culture remodeling method.
Background technique
The existing salt-soda soil shelterbelt network in Delta Region of The Yellow River, maintains the balance of the local ecosystem, is the area
The important ecological protective screen in domain, to Defense natural calamities, environmental protection, the sustainable development of socio-economy in terms of
Extremely important effect is played.But due to area's Pedotransfer function, natural rainfall is insufficient, steams drop than big and Yellow River dry-up
Etc. factors, cause quite a few standing forest formed Low-efficiency forest.The presence of Low-efficiency forest not only largely reduces the Yellow River three
The function and total quality of angle continent area forest have seriously affected the lasting sustainable development played with forest of its efficiency, and
And the process of local environment improvement is slowed down, the sustainable development of the ecological economy is constrained, it is raw to become Delta Region of The Yellow River
" roadblock " in state construction is the main barrier for implementing national strategy " Huanghe delta high eco-economy area development plan "
Hinder, and the bottleneck element in the national level area Nong Gao " Agriculture in Yellow River Delta new high-tech industry demonstration area " construction.Therefore, it is
The sustainable development for realizing the continuous utilization in this area soil, the stabilization and regional economy of ecological environment, carries out existing salt
Alkali DETERIORATED FOREST renovation technique, realize the health of forest system, stabilization, efficiently and continue, it has also become varieties in saline-alkali areas is raw
Key technology problem urgently to be resolved in state environmental construction is a very necessary and urgent task.
The operation transformation of Low-efficiency forest is one of important content of Eco-environmental Forestry, is the orest management to tally with the national condition
Technology is to restore the effective measures and means of forest function and quality, and shelterbelt network is built in suitable long-term from now on
Important content.It in recent years, is the implementation of main Forestry Development Strategy with ecological construction with China, low yield forest rebuilding works increasingly
Paid attention to, becomes the developing important process of national forestry.In the recovery of Low-efficiency forest, to salt-soda soil low yield forest rebuilding
For, after-culture transformation is one of most important mode, is primarily adapted for use in the low sparse standing forest of the surrival rate of afforestation, storage rate.Currently,
In the shelterbelt construction in the above salt-soda soil of Huanghe delta moderate, although such as hidden pipe is taken to arrange there are also effective technology
Alkali is laid with every the methods of salt deposit, but these technologies require height to planting of plants, and cost of forestation is also high, and program is cumbersome, is not easy to grasp
Make.Thus, the engineerings, water resources industry such as raised fields, field site preparation and the soil eluviation desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching are mostly used in production, can be effectively reduced soil
Earth surface layer salt content, make in, it is heavy salinized ground salt content drop to 3 ‰ levels below at the beginning of afforestation, can ensure and make
The survival rate of woods plant.But under conditions of saline groundwater buried depth is shallow, salinity is high, steams drop influences than the natural causes such as big, by
In reproducing area vegetation coverage is low, disengagement area is big etc., secondary salinization easily occurs for reasons, soil, by light-moderate saline-alkali soil
In becoming again-heavy salinizedly, cause tree death, lead to the reduction of trees storage rate, standing forest is sparse, forms Low-efficiency forest
Point.The Low effect forest of this type is directed in production, first is that the mode of direct after-culture is taken, as a result, after-culture every year, loses every year
It loses；Second is that its standing forest of leaving is grown naturally without after-culture, finally cause forest land secondary salinization more serious, entire standing forest
Trees it is all dead.Therefore, because the after-culture problem long-standing problem of Low effect forest caused by soil secondary salinization production
The transformation of middle Low-efficiency forest becomes a great problem of salt-soda soil shelterbelt construction.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of coastal region moderate saline-alkali soil DETERIORATED FOREST after-cultures to change
Method is made, in the after-culture transformation of Low effect forest caused by being mainly used in because of secondary salinization reason；Using this technology, can make
The after-culture surrival rate of afforestation of degree salt-soda soil Low-efficiency forest reaches 90% or more, solves and makes in salt-soda soil DETERIORATED FOREST after-culture transformation
The low technical bottleneck of woods survival rate；Since this method is simple and easy, small investment, effect is obvious, so as to big face in production
Product promotes and applies, and so that DETERIORATED FOREST is formed stable stand structure, achievees the purpose that its ecological protective functions of fast quick-recovery.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions, and it is inefficient anti-that the present invention provides a kind of coastal region moderate saline-alkali soil
It protects a forest after-culture remodeling method, particular technique measure is as follows:
1) Salt-tolerant Forage Grasses planting technique
At the beginning of 34 months the end of month, the Light media non-woven container herbage seedling of division propagation is moved in the Low-efficiency forest for needing after-culture to be transformed
Plant.
2) in Low effect forest tree species after-culture afforestation technology
After Salt-tolerant Forage Grasses plantation in 1 year, soil salt content is reduced to 3 ‰ hereinafter, can be in the spring of second year, low
Progress salt tolerant degree in standing forest is imitated to afforest in 3 ‰ Qiao, the after-culture of shrub species.
Preferably, specifically transplanting measure in step 1): 1. planning the plot for needing to transplant herbage in advance: specific to plant
The determination for planting plot, first is that counting the plot that cause death is short of seedling according to the seeding row spacing of forest in standing forest；Although second is that be not short of seedling,
But the forest plot by the harm of salt damage, where the forest being at death's door；2. leveling land: planning the ground of plant herbage
After block, death and the forest being at death's door are removed, carry out the ground levelling in herbage plant plot；3. plant: to prevent herbage
Evapotranspiration dehydration point, retains stem (leaf) 5~7cm, remaining stem (leaf) is all cut；When plant, dig depth 10cm, diameter 10cm it is small
Cave is advisable with that can be put into non-woven container herbage seedling, and planting density seeding row spacing is 30 × 30 cm, steady and sure after cultivation；Such as non-rainfall,
Plant is poured for second day, 3~5cm depth of water flood irrigation, carries out covering with ground sheeting after water penetration.
Preferably, Salt-tolerant Forage Grasses used are to introduce from the U.S., " salt grass No.1 " through many years selection and breeding in step 1)
Good forage, staminiferous plant are perennial, wide salt, eurythermic C4 plant, can only be nourished and generated by rhizome, using artificial in production
Plant division breeding, first 5 years after field planting are vigorous period, and growth decline, is widely applied that there is no adventive harm later
A possibility that；It is resistant to 20~30 ‰ soil salt content, the synthesis with salt tolerant, drought resistance and the resistance to overhead flooding injury coordinating and unifying is excellent anti-
Property, it is extremely excellent Saline-alkali Field Control pionner and excellent to the coastal region throughout the year by spring drought, summer flood and perniciousness harm
The forage feed of matter.
Preferably, container used in non-woven container herbage seedling is barrel-shaped non-woven fabrics, and specification is diameter in step 1)
8cm, height 10cm；The Light media of containers is the turfy soil and perlite that volume ratio is 3:1；Each Light media non-woven fabrics holds
The first 2 months 5-7 strain tiller band offspring for carrying out self-contained pier herbage in intelligent Greenhouse breeding are transplanted by the herbage seedling system of device.
Preferably, the herbage row of plant should be located at forest in the ranks in step 1), avoid transplanting the strain in forest row
Between；The mulch for covering herbage is the common plastic film for agricultural use of white.
Preferably, when step 1) implementary plan needs to transplant the plot of herbage, free growing forest in the ranks, foundation
The line-spacing of the closing situation of standing forest and forest determines 1~2 row herbage of plant.
Preferably, in step 1), to the herbage of plant in addition to normally manage, at the beginning of 7 months and mid-August point
It is cradled for 2 times, the height for the stubble left rests in 10~15cm, and the collection of its stem is completely transported outside woods, is trapped in reducing its salinity
In forest land.
Preferably, specific plant measure is as follows: 1. according to the seeding row spacing of original afforestation, in the place being short of seedling in step 2
The vesicle for digging deep 30~40cm, diameter 50cm, is reduced as far as the destruction to former vegetation and ground, does not occur with the nursery stock of plant
Nest root is advisable；2. wanting " surface planting is flat to bury " when plant, make the original soil trace of nursery stock is above ground level after cultivation to be no more than 5cm, earthing on cave
It is flushed with ground, should not be above ground level, it is built up to prevent salinity in nursery stock root；3. plant pit sprinkles profoundly water after plant；To moisture penetration
Plant pit is covered with plastic film afterwards, evaporation of soil water can be effectively prevented, inhibits the soil accumulation of salt in the surface soil.
Preferably, needing the tree species of after-culture in step 2, arbor species can select Fraxinus velutina, U.S.'s red autumnal leaves white
Wax, American elm, salt willow, silk flosssilk wadding wood, gold leaf Acer negundo. L, cypress, arrow-leaved oleaster, shrub species is with Chinese tamarisk, false indigo, Sabina vulgaris, the rose of Sharon, Du
Based on pears；The tree species of after-culture can determine according to local Miao Yuan, but should be at least 1 or more tree species and Low-efficiency forest tree species not
Together, the standing forest after making after-culture forms the mixed forest of 2 tree species or more.
Preferably, in the step 2 it is used covering plant pit plastic film select black common plastic film for agricultural use.
The inventive method is the principle according to Saline-alkaline Soils of Yellow River Delta moisture and salt regime rule and biological modification salt-soda soil,
Occur to transplant high Salt-tolerant Forage Grasses after 1 year in the Low effect forest of soil secondary salinization, then carry out the after-culture afforestation of shelter-forest tree species,
The problems such as plant tree species survival rate is low, the earth's surface accumulation of salt in the surface soil is serious is efficiently solved, pressure alkali suppression salt is played, improves soil physical property
Shape, the effect for increasing the soil organism and nutrient, greatly improve the survival rate of after-culture afforestation, are conducive to shelter-forest systems stabilisation
Formation, achieve the purpose that low yield forest rebuilding.The invention has the benefit that
1. the method that the after-culture transformation of salt-soda soil Low-efficiency forest of the invention uses, first caused by because of secondary salinization reason
It in Low effect forest, is transplanted using Light media non-woven container herbage seedling, ground can be covered as early as possible using Salt-tolerant Forage Grasses, reduced
Surface evaporation, and have the function of absorbing more salinities, improvement soil again during high Salt-tolerant Forage Grasses own growth, it creates
Behind favorable environment 1 year of suitable replacement tree kind plant, afforestation plant new technology is taken again in after-culture afforestation.Thus effectively solve
The low technical bottleneck of trees surviving rate, makes the after-culture surrival rate of afforestation reach 92% or more, makes a living in Low-efficiency forest after-culture of having determined transformation
The transformation of Low effect forest provides strong technical support in production.
2. the method that the after-culture transformation of salt-soda soil Low-efficiency forest of the invention uses is simple and easy, small investment, effect is obvious,
So as to being widely applied in production, DETERIORATED FOREST is made to form stable stand structure, reach fast quick-recovery its
The purpose of ecological protective functions.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to
Limit the present invention.
Application principle of the invention is further described combined with specific embodiments below.
A kind of embodiment, coastal region moderate saline-alkali soil DETERIORATED FOREST after-culture remodeling method, is realized by following scheme:
The inventive method is the principle according to Saline-alkaline Soils of Yellow River Delta moisture and salt regime rule and biological modification salt-soda soil, is being occurred
High Salt-tolerant Forage Grasses are transplanted in the Low effect forest of soil secondary salinization after 1 year, then carry out the after-culture afforestation of shelter-forest tree species, effectively
It solves the problems such as plant tree species survival rate is low, the earth's surface accumulation of salt in the surface soil is serious, plays pressure alkali suppression salt, improve soil physical property, increase
The efficiency for adding the soil organism and nutrient greatly improves the survival rate of after-culture afforestation, is conducive to the shape of shelter-forest systems stabilisation
At achieving the purpose that low yield forest rebuilding；Particular technique measure is as follows:
1) Salt-tolerant Forage Grasses planting technique
At the beginning of 34 months the end of month, the Light media non-woven fabrics herbage container seedling of plant division (tiller) breeding is moved inefficient in needing after-culture to be transformed
It is transplanted in woods；Specific plant measure: the plot for needing to transplant herbage is 1. planned in advance；The determination in specific plant plot, first is that
The plot that cause death is short of seedling is counted according to the seeding row spacing of forest in standing forest；Although forest is by salt damage second is that not being short of seedling
Harm, the plot where the forest being at death's door；2. leveling land: behind the plot for planning plant herbage, by death and being on the point of
On one's deathbed the forest died is removed, and the ground levelling in herbage plant plot is carried out；3. plant: to prevent herbage Evapotranspiration dehydration point, protecting
Stem (leaf) 5~7cm is stayed, remaining stem (leaf) is all cut；When plant, the vesicle of depth 10cm, diameter 10cm are dug, non-woven fabrics can be put into
Container seedling is advisable, and planting density seeding row spacing is 30 × 30 cm, steady and sure after cultivation；Such as non-rainfall, second day of plant is poured, and 3
~5cm depth of water flood irrigation carries out covering with ground sheeting after water penetration；
2) in Low effect forest tree species after-culture afforestation technology
After Salt-tolerant Forage Grasses plantation in 1 year, soil salt content is reduced to 3 ‰ hereinafter, can be in the spring of second year, low
Progress salt tolerant degree in standing forest is imitated to afforest in 3 ‰ Qiao, the after-culture of shrub species；Specific plant measure is as follows: 1. making according to original
The seeding row spacing of woods digs the vesicle of deep 30~40cm, diameter 50cm in the place being short of seedling, and is reduced as far as to former vegetation and ground
It destroys, not occurring nest root with the nursery stock of plant is advisable；2. wanting " surface planting is flat to bury " when plant, it is higher by the original soil trace of nursery stock after cultivation
Ground is no more than 5cm, and earthing is flushed with ground on cave, should not be above ground level, builds up to prevent salinity in nursery stock root；3. transplanting
Afterwards, plant pit sprinkles profoundly water；Plant pit is covered with plastic film after moisture penetration, evaporation of soil water can be effectively prevented, inhibits soil
The earth accumulation of salt in the surface soil.
High Salt-tolerant Forage Grasses used are to introduce from the U.S. in step 1), and " salt grass No.1 " through many years selection and breeding is excellent to herd
Grass, staminiferous plant are perennial, wide salt, eurythermic C4 plant, can only be nourished and generated by rhizome, numerous using artificial plant division in production
Educate, after field planting first 5 years be vigorous period, later growth decline, be widely applied there is no adventive harm possibility
Property；It is resistant to 20~30 ‰ soil salt content, the synthesis superior resistance with salt tolerant, drought resistance and the resistance to overhead flooding injury coordinating and unifying is right
It is throughout the year extremely excellent Saline-alkali Field Control pionner by the coastal region of spring drought, summer flood and perniciousness harm and good herds
Careless feed.
Container used in non-woven container herbage seedling is barrel-shaped non-woven fabrics in step 1), and specification is diameter 8cm, height
10cm；The Light media of containers is the turfy soil and perlite that volume ratio is 3:1；The herbage of each Light media non-woven container
The first 2 months 5-7 strain tiller band offspring for carrying out self-contained pier herbage in intelligent Greenhouse breeding are transplanted by seedling system.
The herbage row transplanted in step 1) should be located at forest in the ranks, avoid transplanting between the strain in forest row.
When step 1) implementary plan needs to transplant the plot of herbage, free growing forest in the ranks, it is strongly fragrant according to standing forest
The line-spacing of situation and forest is closed to determine 1~2 row herbage of plant.
The mulch that herbage is covered in step 1) is the common plastic film for agricultural use of white.
In step 1) to the herbage of plant in addition to normally manage, divides 2 times at the beginning of 7 months with mid-August and cut
It cuts, the height for the stubble left rests in 10~15cm, and the collection of its stem (leaf) is completely transported outside woods, is trapped in forest land to reduce its salinity
In.
The tree species of after-culture are needed in step 2, arbor species can select Fraxinus velutina, U.S.'s red autumnal leaves Chinese wax, American elm, salt
Based on willow, silk flosssilk wadding wood, gold leaf Acer negundo. L, cypress, arrow-leaved oleaster etc., shrub species is with Chinese tamarisk, false indigo, Sabina vulgaris, the rose of Sharon, birch-leaf pear
It is main；The tree species of after-culture can determine according to local Miao Yuan, but tree species that should be at least 1 or more are different from the tree species of Low-efficiency forest,
Standing forest after making after-culture forms the mixed forest of 2 tree species or more.
In step 2 it is used covering plant pit plastic film select black common plastic film for agricultural use.
The after-culture of salt-soda soil Low-efficiency forest of the invention is transformed using method, is caused first because of secondary salinization reason
Low effect forest in, transplanted using Light media non-woven container herbage seedling, ground can be covered as early as possible using Salt-tolerant Forage Grasses, subtracted
Few surface evaporation, and have the function of absorbing more salinities, improvement soil, wound again during high Salt-tolerant Forage Grasses own growth
Behind favorable environment 1 year for making suitable replacement tree kind plant, afforestation plant new technology is taken again in after-culture afforestation；Thus effectively
It solves the problems, such as that trees surviving rate is low in Low-efficiency forest after-culture transformation, so that after-culture afforestation average survival has been reached 92% or more, be
The transformation of Low effect forest provides strong technical support in production.
Subordinate list is at 3 kinds of Dongying City Jinan military region Huanghe delta combined training base because secondary salinization reason causes
Low effect forest after-culture transformation in, using the after-culture surrival rate of afforestation and soil regime tune of the technology of the present invention and routine techniques
It looks into.
The application the technology of the present invention of subordinate list 1 is compared with the surrival rate of afforestation and soil regime of 3 seed type standing forests of routine techniques
Note: the soil regime index of each Low effect forest type is the mean values of 3 0~40 cm soil layers of point in this test.
As can be seen from the above table, in the transformation for carrying out 3 kinds of Different forest stands, the different tree species transplanted with the technology of the present invention
The surrival rate of afforestation is average 95.2% all 92% or more, and uses the survival rate of routine techniques plant all very low, 49% hereinafter,
Averagely there was only 46.4%；In terms of soil regime when being transformed from after-culture, become light by moderate is saline and alkaline using the soil of the technology of the present invention
Spend saline and alkaline, the soil organism also significantly improves.It can be seen that not only being greatly improved in Low effect forest transformation using the present invention
After-culture survival rate, and salt, significant effect of increasing soil fertility are pressed down to the pressure alkali in inefficient forest land, in production can on a large scale into
Row promotes and applies.
Certainly, above description is also not limited to the example above, technical characteristic of the present invention without description can by or use
The prior art realizes that details are not described herein；It is not to the present invention that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention
Limitation, described the invention in detail referring to preferred embodiment, those skilled in the art should understand that,
The variations, modifications, additions or substitutions that those skilled in the art are made within the essential scope of the present invention are not
It is detached from spirit of the invention, also should belong to claims of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of coastal region moderate saline-alkali soil DETERIORATED FOREST after-culture remodeling method, it is characterised in that: particular technique measure is such as
Under:
1) Salt-tolerant Forage Grasses planting technique
At the beginning of 34 months the end of month, the Light media non-woven container herbage seedling of division propagation is moved in the Low-efficiency forest for needing after-culture to be transformed
Plant；
2) in Low effect forest tree species after-culture afforestation technology
After Salt-tolerant Forage Grasses plantation in 1 year, soil salt content is reduced to 3 ‰ hereinafter, can be in the spring of second year, low
Progress salt tolerant degree in standing forest is imitated to afforest in 3 ‰ Qiao, the after-culture of shrub species.
2. a kind of coastal region moderate saline-alkali soil DETERIORATED FOREST after-culture remodeling method according to claim 1, feature
It is: in step 1), specifically transplants measure: 1. plans the plot for needing to transplant herbage in advance: the determination in specific plant plot,
First is that counting the plot that cause death is short of seedling according to the seeding row spacing of forest in standing forest；Although second is that be not short of seedling, forest by
The harm of salt damage, the plot where the forest being at death's door；2. leveling land:, will be dead behind the plot for planning plant herbage
It is removed with the forest being at death's door, carries out the ground levelling in herbage plant plot；3. plant: to prevent herbage Evapotranspiration dehydration
Point, retain stem (leaf) 5~7cm, remaining stem (leaf) is all cut；When plant, the vesicle of depth 10cm, diameter 10cm are dug, can be put into
Non-woven container herbage seedling is advisable, and planting density seeding row spacing is 30 × 30 cm, steady and sure after cultivation；Such as non-rainfall, second day of plant
It is poured, 3~5cm depth of water flood irrigation, carries out covering with ground sheeting after water penetration.
3. a kind of coastal region moderate saline-alkali soil DETERIORATED FOREST after-culture remodeling method according to claim 1, feature
Be: in step 1), Salt-tolerant Forage Grasses used are to introduce from the U.S., and " salt grass No.1 " good forage through many years selection and breeding is male
Strain, is perennial, wide salt, eurythermic C4 plant, can only be nourished and generated by rhizome, is bred in production using artificial plant division, fixed
First 5 years after plant are vigorous period, and growth decline, is widely applied a possibility that endangering there is no adventive later；Energy
Resistance to 20~30 ‰ soil salt content, the synthesis superior resistance with salt tolerant, drought resistance and the resistance to overhead flooding injury coordinating and unifying meet with to long-term
Coastal region by spring drought, summer flood and perniciousness harm is that extremely excellent Saline-alkali Field Control pionner and good herbage are raised
Material.
4. a kind of coastal region moderate saline-alkali soil DETERIORATED FOREST after-culture remodeling method according to claim 2, feature
Be: in step 1), container used in non-woven container herbage seedling is barrel-shaped non-woven fabrics, and specification is diameter 8cm, height
10cm；The Light media of containers is the turfy soil and perlite that volume ratio is 3:1；The herbage of each Light media non-woven container
The first 2 months 5-7 strain tiller band offspring for carrying out self-contained pier herbage in intelligent Greenhouse breeding are transplanted by seedling system.
5. a kind of coastal region moderate saline-alkali soil DETERIORATED FOREST after-culture remodeling method according to claim 2, feature
Be: in step 1), the herbage row of plant should be located at forest in the ranks, avoid transplanting between the strain in forest row；Cover herbage
Mulch is the common plastic film for agricultural use of white.
6. a kind of coastal region moderate saline-alkali soil DETERIORATED FOREST after-culture remodeling method according to claim 2, feature
Be: when step 1) implementary plan needs to transplant the plot of herbage, free growing forest in the ranks, according to standing forest closing feelings
The line-spacing of condition and forest determines 1~2 row herbage of plant.
7. a kind of coastal region moderate saline-alkali soil DETERIORATED FOREST after-culture remodeling method according to claim 2, feature
It is: in step 1), to the herbage of plant in addition to normally manage, is cradled for 2 times at the beginning of 7 months with mid-August point,
The height for the stubble left rests in 10~15cm, and the collection of its leaf (stem) is completely transported outside woods, is trapped in forest land with reducing its salinity.
8. a kind of coastal region moderate saline-alkali soil DETERIORATED FOREST after-culture remodeling method according to claim 1, feature
Be: in step 2, specific to transplant measure as follows: 1. according to the seeding row spacing of original afforestation, the place being short of seedling dig deep 30~40cm,
The vesicle of diameter 50cm is reduced as far as the destruction to former vegetation and ground, and not occurring nest root with the nursery stock of plant is advisable；2. planting
" surface planting is flat to bury " is wanted when plant, makes the original soil trace of nursery stock is above ground level after cultivation to be no more than 5cm, earthing is flushed with ground on cave, no
It wants above ground level, is built up to prevent salinity in nursery stock root；3. plant pit sprinkles profoundly water, and plastic film is used after moisture penetration after plant
Plant pit is covered, evaporation of soil water can be effectively prevented, inhibits the soil accumulation of salt in the surface soil.
9. a kind of coastal region moderate saline-alkali soil DETERIORATED FOREST after-culture remodeling method according to claim 8, feature
Be: in step 2, needing the tree species of after-culture, arbor species can select Fraxinus velutina, U.S.'s red autumnal leaves Chinese wax, American elm, salt willow,
Silk flosssilk wadding wood, gold leaf Acer negundo. L, cypress, arrow-leaved oleaster etc., shrub species is based on Chinese tamarisk, false indigo, Sabina vulgaris, the rose of Sharon, birch-leaf pear；After-culture
Tree species can determine that but tree species that should be at least 1 or more are different from the tree species of Low-efficiency forest according to local Miao Yuan, after making after-culture
Standing forest formed 2 tree species more than mixed forest.
10. a kind of coastal region moderate saline-alkali soil DETERIORATED FOREST after-culture remodeling method according to claim 8, feature
Be: in the step 2 it is used covering plant pit plastic film select black common plastic film for agricultural use.
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