CN105028118B - A kind of construction method of mixed friendship high yield camellia oleifera lam - Google Patents
A kind of construction method of mixed friendship high yield camellia oleifera lam Download PDFInfo
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- CN105028118B CN105028118B CN201510585578.2A CN201510585578A CN105028118B CN 105028118 B CN105028118 B CN 105028118B CN 201510585578 A CN201510585578 A CN 201510585578A CN 105028118 B CN105028118 B CN 105028118B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G23/00—Forestry
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/28—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/40—Afforestation or reforestation
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Abstract
A kind of construction method of mixed friendship high yield camellia oleifera lam disclosed by the invention, it is related to economic forestry planting technology field, be in camellia oleifera lam every 25 row camellia oleifera lams set a line interplanting it is mixed hand over the mixed Bank of Communications of plant and in the mixed Bank of Communications be according to every planted between 25 plants of oil teas one plant it is mixed hand over plant, the rest may be inferred；It is as follows that it builds process：(1), forest land selection is built；(2), forest land is built to foster and apply fertilizer：1., just training；2., multiple training；3., train again；(3) afforestation soil of, fostering and apply fertilizer is arranged；(4), cave is dug；(5), transplant；(6), manage.The features such as with that can improve pollination conditions, and then tea-oil tree yield can be improved, it is adaptable to which the gradient is the new plantation oil tea mixed forest in deserted mountain suitable for afforestation within 15o.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to economic forestry planting technology field, particularly a kind of construction method of mixed friendship high yield camellia oleifera lam.
Background technology
Oil tea is the distinctive oilseed plant of China, is also to safeguard one of important leverage of China's grain and oil safety.At present, oil tea
In the plantation of China, mainly still follow traditional pure camellia oleifera lam implantation methods, thus generally existing pollination rate is low, grow into forest slow,
The problem of management cost is high, benefit is low.
" a kind of day lily, lily, hickory nut and oil disclosed in Chinese patent (number of patent application is 201410380083.1)
The interplanting method of tea ", from ready day lily, lily, hickory nut and oil tea seedling post, then digs pit on planting site, will
Day lily, lily and hickory nut are being put into hole, are first covered with yellow soil, then are covering one layer of fine earth thereon, and the oil tea is then
To enter oil tea blade oblique cutting into soil, and with hand by tight, pour it is permeable once, you can complete interplanting, this kind of interplanting method, respectively
Individual crop growth conditions are good, and survival rate is high, and yield is good, good in economic efficiency.
The content of the invention
It can improve pollination conditions it is an object of the invention to provide one kind, and then the camellia oleifera lam of tea-oil tree yield can be improved
Construction method.
To achieve the above object, the technical measures that the present invention is taken are a kind of construction sides of mixed friendship high yield camellia oleifera lam of invention
Method, be in camellia oleifera lam every 2-5 row camellia oleifera lams set a line interplanting it is mixed hand over the mixed Bank of Communications of plant and in the mixed Bank of Communications be by
According to every planting one plant of mixed friendship plant between 2-5 plants of oil teas, the rest may be inferred.
It is as follows that it builds process：
(1), forest land selection is built：
The leeward deserted mountain suitable for afforestation on the sunny side of selection, removes butt and the weeds of forest or shrub, and 5-15 ° of battalion is organized into along slope
Reproducing area；
(2), forest land is built to foster and apply fertilizer：
1., just training：First in afforestation thick one layer of 5-10cm of covering conditioned soil on the ground, then deep-cut (depth be 50cm with
On, remove stone and stub big in woods soil), and the leveling of native table, rake is thin, kept for 20-30 days naturally, as first training afforestation
Ground；
2., multiple training：The thick fermented tcm leaf slags of one layer of 4-8cm of woodland rent first are built in first training, then decomposed dung is pressed
200-320kg/667 ㎡ usage ratio is sprinkling upon above fermented tcm leaf slag, is then cultivated multiple, is kept for 20-30 days naturally, as multiple
Forest land is built in training；
3., train again：First 100-200ml/m is pressed on the ground in multiple training afforestation2Usage ratio by concentration for 20-40ppm
Phoxim solution is uniformly sprayed in soil, is handled 20-30 days；Biological organic fertilizer is pressed to 40-55kg/667 ㎡ amount ratio again
After example and the water of 3-4 times of weight are miscible, uniformly spray in soil, naturally holding 8-12 days；Then farm manure is pressed into 300-
After 400kg/667 ㎡ usage ratio and the water of equivalent weight are miscible, uniformly spray in soil, keep naturally 2-5 months, into
For afforestation soil of fostering and apply fertilizer；
(3) afforestation soil of, fostering and apply fertilizer is arranged：
The afforestation soil that will foster and apply fertilizer moves towards to be divided into the railway carriage or compartment face that adjacent, width is 8-12m successively by contour, and in railway carriage or compartment face
Low-lying side builds up the high ridge heaps of 30-50cm (being used to prevent rich water to be lost in)；
(4), cave is dug：
According to line space 3.5-4.5m, strain spacing 3-4m plantation specification, long 45-70cm, width 35-60cm, depth 40- are excavated
65cm oil tea kind plant hole；
Every in the mixed Bank of Communications that 2-5 rows camellia oleifera lam is set, long 6-17cm, width 6-17cm, depth are excavated every 2-5 plants of oil teas
20-48cm mixed friendship plant species plant hole；
(5), transplant：
The oil tea sapling chosen is transplanted in oil tea kind plant hole according to a conventional method；Meanwhile, by the mixed friendship plantling chosen
It is transplanted in mixed friendship plant species plant hole, earthing compacting, and uses decomposed dung：Water presses 1:The rich water that the part by weight of (3-4) is prepared
Irrigate root；
(6), manage：The administrative standard that water and fertilizer management is planted according to oil tea is carried out；Annual autumn or spring are by woodland plant
Old, weak, withered, sick plant remove, the 60-70% that the mixed height for handing over plant is maintained at close to tea oil tree average height (is beneficial to logical
Wind printing opacity)；After 3-4, high yield camellia oleifera lam is become.
Described mixed friendship plant is tea plum, and the mixed friendship plant species plant hole dug is tea plum kind plant hole, and its specification is long 6-
10cm, width 6-10cm, depth 28-48cm；Before plantation, first covered at tea plum kind plant hole bottom the thick plant ash of one layer of 1.5-3.0cm (by
Ash after grass burning), then the thick woods soil of one layer of 1.5-2.5cm is covered, the thick compound bios of one layer of 1-2cm are covered again
Fertilizer, then cover the thick woods soil of one layer of 1.5-2.5cm；During plantation, by 1 plant/cave by the transplantation of seedlings of tea plum into tea plum kind plant hole, earthing
Compacting, and irrigate root with rich water；Tea plum periphery is arranged into the furrow platform that growth and width are 20-40cm, high 12-18cm again.
Described mixed friendship plant is Qiu Ju, and the mixed friendship plant species plant hole dug is Qiu Ju kind plant holes, and its specification is long 6-
10cm, width 6-10cm, depth 25-40cm；Before plantation, one layer of 1.5-3.0cm thickness is first covered at Qiu Ju kind plant holes bottom, by quartz sand：
Yellow sand：River sand presses 0.25:(1.5-3):0.7 part by weight composition, the mixing fine sand that fineness is 120-160 mesh, covers again
Woods soil thick one layer of 3-5.5cm of lid, then the thick tea shell ashes of one layer of 1-2cm are covered, also cover the thick woods soil of one layer of 2.5-3.5cm；
It is first 1 by weight concentration during plantation:The carbendazim solution of (500-700) is sprayed on Qiu Jumiao root tangent plane and root surface, then
By 1-2 plants/cave by autumn chrysanthemum transplantation of seedlings into autumn chrysanthemum kind plant hole, earthing compacting and irrigates root with rich water；It is again that Qiu Ju peripheries is whole
Reason growth and width are 20-40cm, high 12-18cm furrow platform.
Described mixed friendship plant is sweet osmanthus, and the mixed friendship plant species plant hole dug is sweet osmanthus kind plant hole, and its specification is long 8-
17cm, width 8-17cm, depth 35-45cm；Before plantation, first covered at sweet osmanthus kind plant hole bottom the thick plant ash of one layer of 1.5-3.0cm (by
Ash after grass burning), the thick woods soil of one layer of 1.5-2.5cm is covered again, then covers the thick compound bios of one layer of 1-2cm
Fertilizer, also covers the thick woods soil of one layer of 1.5-2.5cm；During plantation, by 1 plant/cave by sweet osmanthus transplantation of seedlings into sweet osmanthus kind plant hole, earthing
Compacting, and irrigate root with rich water.
Described mixed friendship plant is sweet osmanthus [Osmanthus fragrans (Thunb.) Lour.], Qiu Ju
[Dendranthema morifolium (Ramat.) Tzvel.], three kinds of tea plum [Camellia sasanqua], can be every
The mixed friendship plant that a line is mixed in Bank of Communications only plants one kind in these three, and adjacent mixed Bank of Communications offsets one from another；Can also be each
In Hang Hun Bank of Communications, these three are staggeredly planted.
Described conditioned soil can be mellow soil or Pond Silt or by it is following by weight raw material mixing and
Into：
Pond Silt 15-25 rice-straw ash 5-8 green manure 10-15
Decomposed dung 15-20 yellow soils 35-50.
Described fermented tcm leaf slag can be Echinacea slag or mulberry leaf slag or tealeaf residue or the jade after extraction process
One or more in rice seedling slag or cuckoo slag or leaf of bamboo slag or pumpkin leaf slag or purple perilla slag or wheat straw slag or red clover slag, when
For it is two or more when, parts by weight or other ratios such as the ratio of each component is；It can also be the raw material preparation by following parts by weight
Form：
Echinacea slag 6-10 mulberry leaf slag 15-20 tealeaf residues 5-10
Maize seedling slag 6-10 cuckoo slag 10-15 leaf of bamboo slags 5-10
Pumpkin leaf slag 5-8 purple perilla slag 4-8 wheat straw slags 15-20
Red clover slag 4-7；
Its preparation process is as follows：
Above-mentioned Chinese medicine slag is processed into fineves more than 40 mesh, then put into fermentation vat, Chinese medicine slag is accounted for while adding
Total amount 10-30% water, is stirred evenly；Add the microbial bacteria for accounting for Chinese medicine slag weight 1-2.5%, mix, 28-40 DEG C, it is relative
Under conditions of humidity 60-75%, handle 15-30 days, produce fermented tcm leaf slag.
Described microbial bacteria is one kind or many in saccharomycete, mould, Bacillus acidi lactici, cellulose-decomposing bacterium, rhizobium
Kind, when for it is two or more when, the weight proportion of each component is equal portions or other ratios.
Described Pond Silt is the mud that piscina bottom is rich in organic matter.
Described rice-straw ash is remaining material after straw burning 80%.
Described green manure is Chinese milk vetch or sweet potato.
Described decomposed dung is that feces of livestock and poultry is fermented become thoroughly decomposed after fertilizer.
Described yellow soil is the yellow soil rich in organic matter.
Described woods soil is the table soil in forest land.
Described composite biological fertilizer is the fertilizer mixed by more than two kinds (common) bio-feritlizers.
Described tea shell ash is the ash content of tea shell burning.
Described biological organic fertilizer be by house refuse after processing fertilizer of the content of organic matter more than 35%.
Described farm manure be excrement urine it is fermented after fertilizer.
The construction method of the mixed friendship high yield camellia oleifera lam of the present invention, relative to the construction method of existing various oil teas, has
Advantages below：
One is to increase pollination of oil tea tree probability：Because the florescence of oil tea is early October to December, and the florescence of sweet osmanthus is 9
In~October, Qiu Ju florescence is 10~November, and the florescence of tea plum is longer, can be opened from late October to April in the coming year, thus, with
The formation of camellia oleifera lam is interplanted, when blooming oil tea, woodland is filled with motley flower, can more be inhaled than single oil tea
Draw the animals such as insect, birds, reptile come pollination of picking flowers so that the object of pollination of oil tea tree becomes extensive, therefore pollination of oil tea tree is successful
Probability is also multiplied, and then substantially increases the yield of oil tea.
Two be the disease for alleviating tea oil tree：After interplanting, Growth of Camellia oleifera environment can be changed, make mutual between plant
Effect, can improve the growth situation of oil tea, reduce insect pest to each other, strengthen the growth vigor of tea oil tree.
Three be to improve Household income, reduces production cost：By the interplanting between plant, the plantation of camellia oleifera lam is changed
General layout, can absorb more insects, improve the pollination probability of oil tea, the fruit-setting rate and fruiting rate of oil tea be improved, while can also obtain
Between plant plant cultivating value, improve the plantation income of peasant household.
Four be to shorten into the garden time：Fostered and apply fertilizer due to having carried out three times to construction forest land so that build the soil ratio in forest land
It is more fertile, it is adapted to the fast-growth of oil tea, thus, method is built relative to existing camellia oleifera lam, method of the invention can be carried
Early 1-2 reaches high yield period.
The construction method of the mixed friendship high yield camellia oleifera lam of the present invention, Lingling District, Lengshuitan District once in Yongzhou City, Hubei Province etc.
District has carried out contrast test, and following table is experimental control data：
(note：Land occupation condition, soil, liquid manure, the blockclimate of the pilot forest in same area with compareing woods etc. connects substantially in upper table
Closely；Pilot forest is using the construction method plantation of the present invention, and control woods is using conventional method plantation)
3-5 after plantation, the camellia oleifera fruit weighted average production of each time experiment camellia oleifera lam are can be seen that from upper table test data
Amount is respectively 180.2kg/667 ㎡, 368.7kg/667 ㎡, 566.4kg/667 ㎡, and the camellia oleifera fruit of camellia oleifera lam is compareed with each time
Weighted average yield 152.8kg/667 ㎡, 305.1kg/667 ㎡, 416.2kg/667 ㎡ are compared, the production of its camellia oleifera fruit weighted average
Amount is respectively increased 17.93%, 20.84% and 36.09%.
Brief description of the drawings
Schematic diagram is built in the mixed friendship that Fig. 1 is the present invention.
In figure：+ oil tea is represented, represents tea plum, and ◎ represents sweet osmanthus, and zero represents Qiu Ju.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiments, the present invention is further illustrated.Following explanation is but this hair in the way of enumerating
Bright protection domain is not limited thereto.
The construction method of the mixed friendship high yield camellia oleifera lam of the present embodiment, using sweet osmanthus, three kinds of plants of Qiu Ju and tea plum as mixed
Hand in plant, every Hang Hun Bank of Communications, only plant a kind of mixed friendship plant, and adjacent mixed Bank of Communications offsets one from another (i.e.：Two adjacent rows are mixed
The mixed friendship plant of Bank of Communications's plantation is different).
It is as follows that it builds process：
(i), prepared by auxiliary material：
(1), conditioned soil is prepared：
Take 20 parts of Pond Silt, 6 parts of rice-straw ash, 12 parts of green manure (Chinese milk vetch), 18 parts of decomposed dung, Huang respectively by weight
45 parts of soil, is well mixed, produces conditioned soil.
(2), fermented tcm leaf slag is prepared：
Take 8 parts of Echinacea slag, 18 parts of mulberry leaf slag, 8 parts of tealeaf residue, 8 parts of maize seedling slag, cuckoo slag 12 respectively by weight
Part, 8 parts of leaf of bamboo slag, 7 parts of pumpkin leaf slag, 6 parts of purple perilla slag, 18 parts of wheat straw slag, 6 parts of red clover slag；
Its preparation process is as follows：
Above-mentioned Chinese medicine slag is processed into 40 mesh fineves, then put into fermentation vat, Chinese medicine slag total amount is accounted for while adding
20% water, is stirred evenly；Add account for Chinese medicine slag weight 2% microorganism species (etc. parts by weight saccharomycete, mould, lactic acid bar
Bacterium, cellulose-decomposing bacterium, rhizobium), mix, under conditions of 35 DEG C, relative humidity 70%, handle 25 days, produce in fermentation
Medicine leaf slag.
(ii), build：
(1), forest land selection is built：
The leeward deserted mountain suitable for afforestation on the sunny side of selection, removes butt and the weeds of forest or shrub, and 5-15 ° of battalion is organized into along slope
Reproducing area；
(2), forest land is built to foster and apply fertilizer：
1., just training：First in the conditioned soil of afforestation one layer of 8cm thickness of covering on the ground, then deep-cut (depth is more than 50cm,
Remove stone and stub big in woods soil), and the leveling of native table, rake is thin, kept for 25 days naturally, forest land is built as first training；
2., multiple training：The thick fermented tcm leaf slags of one layer of 6cm of woodland rent first are built in first training, then decomposed dung is pressed
280kg/667 ㎡ usage ratio is sprinkling upon above fermented tcm leaf slag, is then cultivated multiple, is kept for 25 days naturally, is built as multiple training
Forest land；
3., train again：First 150ml/m is pressed on the ground in multiple training afforestation2Usage ratio by concentration for 30ppm phoxim it is molten
Liquid is uniformly sprayed in soil, is handled 25 days；Again by water of the biological organic fertilizer by 45kg/667 ㎡ usage ratio and 3 times of weight
After miscible, uniformly spray in soil, kept for 10 days naturally；Then by farm manure by 350kg/667 ㎡ usage ratio with it is same
After miscible etc. the water of weight, uniformly spray in soil, kept for 4 months naturally, as afforestation soil of fostering and apply fertilizer；
(3) afforestation soil of, fostering and apply fertilizer is arranged：
The afforestation soil that will foster and apply fertilizer moves towards to be divided into the railway carriage or compartment face that adjacent, width is 10m successively by contour, and in the low of railway carriage or compartment face
Hollow side builds up the high ridge heaps of 40cm (being used to prevent rich water to be lost in)；
(4), cave is dug：
The mixed Bank of Communications of the mixed friendship plant of a line interplanting is set every 3 row camellia oleifera lams in camellia oleifera lam and is in the mixed Bank of Communications
According to every planting one plant of mixed friendship plant between 3 plants of oil teas, the rest may be inferred.
All plant are planned according to line space 4m, strain spacing 3.5m plantation specification.
1., oil tea kind plant hole：Cave is dug according to long 50cm, width 50cm, depth 50cm specification；2., tea plum kind plant hole：According to length
8cm, width 8cm, depth 40cm specification dig cave；
3., Qiu Ju kinds plant hole：Cave is dug according to long 8cm, width 8cm, depth 35cm specification；
4., sweet osmanthus kind plant hole：Cave is dug according to long 12cm, width 12cm, depth 45cm specification；
(5), transplant：
1., oil tea is transplanted：The oil tea sapling chosen is transplanted in oil tea kind plant hole according to a conventional method；
2., tea plum is transplanted：Before plantation, the thick plant ash of one layer of 2.5cm is first covered at tea plum kind plant hole bottom and (is planted by grass family
Ash after thing burning), then the thick woods soil of one layer of 2cm is covered, the thick composite biological fertilizers of one layer of 1.5cm are covered again, then cover one layer
Woods soil thick 2cm；During plantation, by 1 plant/cave by the transplantation of seedlings of tea plum into tea plum kind plant hole, earthing compacting and uses decomposed dung：
Water presses 1:The rich water that 3 part by weight is prepared irrigates root；It is 30cm, high 15cm that tea plum periphery is arranged into growth and width again
Furrow platform.
3., Qiu Ju is transplanted：Before plantation, one layer of 2.5cm thickness is first covered at Qiu Ju kind plant holes bottom, by quartz sand：Yellow sand：River
Sand presses 0.25:2:0.7 part by weight composition, the mixing fine sand that fineness is 150 mesh, covers the thick woods soil of one layer of 4.5cm again,
The thick tea shell ashes of one layer of 1.5cm are covered again, also cover the thick woods soil of one layer of 3cm；It is first 1 by weight concentration during plantation:600
Carbendazim solution is sprayed on Qiu Jumiao root tangent plane and root surface, then by 2 plants/cave by autumn chrysanthemum transplantation of seedlings to autumn chrysanthemum kind plant hole
In, earthing compacting, and use decomposed dung：Water presses 1:The rich water that 3 part by weight is prepared irrigates root；Qiu Ju peripheries are arranged again
Growth and width are 30cm, high 15cm furrow platform.
4., sweet osmanthus is transplanted：Before plantation, the thick plant ash of one layer of 2.5cm is first covered at sweet osmanthus kind plant hole bottom and (is planted by grass family
Ash after thing burning), the thick woods soil of one layer of 2cm is covered again, then the thick composite biological fertilizers of one layer of 1.5cm are covered, also cover one layer
Woods soil thick 2cm；During plantation, by 1 plant/cave by sweet osmanthus transplantation of seedlings into sweet osmanthus kind plant hole, earthing compacting and uses decomposed dung：
Water presses 1:The rich water that 3 part by weight is prepared irrigates root.
(6), manage：The administrative standard that water and fertilizer management is planted according to oil tea is carried out；Annual autumn or spring are by woodland plant
Old, weak, withered, sick plant remove, it is mixed to hand over the height of plant to be maintained at close to the 65% of tea oil tree average height (to be beneficial to ventilation saturating
Light)；After 3-4, high yield camellia oleifera lam is become.
The construction method of the mixed friendship high yield camellia oleifera lam of the present invention, it is adaptable to which the gradient is the deserted mountain new plantation suitable for afforestation within 15 °
Oil tea mixed forest.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of construction method of mixed friendship high yield camellia oleifera lam, it is characterised in that：In camellia oleifera lam one is set every 2-5 rows camellia oleifera lam
Row interplanting is mixed to hand over the mixed Bank of Communications of plant and is according to every planting one plant of mixed friendship plant between 2-5 plant oil teas, according to this in the mixed Bank of Communications
Analogize；
It is as follows that it builds process：
(1), forest land selection is built：
The leeward deserted mountain suitable for afforestation on the sunny side of selection, removes butt and the weeds of forest or shrub, and 5-15 ° of afforestation is organized into along slope
Ground；
(2), forest land is built to foster and apply fertilizer：
1., just training：The first conditioned soil in afforestation one layer of 5-10cm thickness of covering on the ground, then deep-cuts, and native table is flattened, harrowed
Carefully, kept for 20-30 days naturally, forest land is built as first training；
2., multiple training：The thick fermented tcm leaf slags of one layer of 4-8cm of woodland rent first are built in first training, then decomposed dung is pressed into 200-
320kg/667 ㎡ usage ratio is sprinkling upon above fermented tcm leaf slag, is then cultivated multiple, is kept for 20-30 days naturally, as multiple training battalion
Reproducing area；
3., train again：First 100-200ml/m is pressed on the ground in multiple training afforestation2Usage ratio by concentration be 20-40ppm phoxim
Solution is uniformly sprayed in soil, is handled 20-30 days；Again by usage ratio and 3-4 of the biological organic fertilizer by 40-55kg/667 ㎡
After the water of times weight is miscible, uniformly spray in soil, kept for 8-12 days naturally；Then farm manure is pressed into 300-400kg/667
After ㎡ usage ratio and the water of equivalent weight are miscible, uniformly spray in soil, keep naturally 2-5 months, as the battalion that fosters and apply fertilizer
Afforestation soil；
(3) afforestation soil of, fostering and apply fertilizer is arranged：
The afforestation soil that will foster and apply fertilizer moves towards to be divided into the railway carriage or compartment face that adjacent, width is 8-12m successively by contour, and in the low-lying of railway carriage or compartment face
While building up the high ridge heaps of 30-50cm；
(4), cave is dug：
According to line space 3.5-4.5m, strain spacing 3-4m plantation specification, long 45-70cm, width 35-60cm, depth 40-65cm are excavated
Oil tea kind plant hole；
Every in the mixed Bank of Communications that 2-5 rows camellia oleifera lam is set, long 6-17cm, width 6-17cm, depth 20- are excavated every 2-5 plants of oil teas
48cm mixed friendship plant species plant hole；
(5), transplant：
The oil tea sapling chosen is transplanted in oil tea kind plant hole according to a conventional method；Meanwhile, by the mixed friendship plant transplantation of seedlings chosen
Into mixed friendship plant species plant hole, earthing compacting, and use decomposed dung：Water presses 1:The rich water that the part by weight of (3-4) is prepared is irrigated
Root；
(6), manage：The administrative standard that water and fertilizer management is planted according to oil tea is carried out；Annual autumn or spring are by woodland plant
Always, weak, withered, sick plant removes, and the height of mixed friendship plant is maintained at the 60-70% close to tea oil tree average height；After 3-4,
Become high yield camellia oleifera lam；
Described conditioned soil is mixed by following raw material by weight：
Pond Silt 15-25 rice-straw ash 5-8 green manure 10-15
Decomposed dung 15-20 yellow soils 35-50.
2. the construction method of mixed friendship high yield camellia oleifera lam according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described mixed friendship plant is
Tea plum, the mixed friendship plant species plant hole dug is tea plum kind plant hole, and its specification is long 6-10cm, width 6-10cm, depth 28-48cm；Kind
Before plant, the thick plant ash of one layer of 1.5-3.0cm is first covered at tea plum kind plant hole bottom, then cover the thick woods soil of one layer of 1.5-2.5cm,
The thick composite biological fertilizers of one layer of 1-2cm are covered again, then cover the thick woods soil of one layer of 1.5-2.5cm；During plantation, by 1 plant/cave by tea
Plum transplantation of seedlings is into tea plum kind plant hole, earthing compacting, and irrigates root with rich water；Tea plum periphery is arranged into growth again and width is
20-40cm, high 12-18cm furrow platform.
3. the construction method of mixed friendship high yield camellia oleifera lam according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described mixed friendship plant is
Qiu Ju, the mixed friendship plant species plant hole dug is Qiu Ju kind plant holes, and its specification is long 6-10cm, width 6-10cm, depth 25-40cm；Kind
Before plant, one layer of 1.5-3.0cm thickness is first covered at Qiu Ju kind plant holes bottom, by quartz sand：Yellow sand：River sand presses 0.25:(1.5-3):
0.7 part by weight composition, the mixing fine sand that fineness is 120-160 mesh, covers the thick woods soil of one layer of 3-5.5cm, then cover again
Tea shell ash thick one layer of 1-2cm of lid, also covers the thick woods soil of one layer of 2.5-3.5cm；It is first 1 by weight concentration during plantation:
The carbendazim solution of (500-700) is sprayed on Qiu Jumiao root tangent plane and root surface, then by 1-2 plants/cave by autumn chrysanthemum transplantation of seedlings
Into autumn chrysanthemum kind plant hole, earthing compacting, and irrigate root with rich water；Again by Qiu Ju peripheries arrange growth and width be 20-40cm,
High 12-18cm furrow platform.
4. the construction method of mixed friendship high yield camellia oleifera lam according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described mixed friendship plant is
Sweet osmanthus, the mixed friendship plant species plant hole dug is sweet osmanthus kind plant hole, and its specification is long 8-17cm, width 8-17cm, depth 35-45cm；Kind
Before plant, the thick plant ash of one layer of 1.5-3.0cm is first covered at sweet osmanthus kind plant hole bottom, the thick woods soil of one layer of 1.5-2.5cm is covered again,
The thick composite biological fertilizers of one layer of 1-2cm are covered again, also cover the thick woods soil of one layer of 1.5-2.5cm；During plantation, by 1 plant/cave by osmanthus
Flower seedling is transplanted in sweet osmanthus kind plant hole, earthing compacting, and irrigates root with rich water.
5. the construction method of mixed friendship high yield camellia oleifera lam according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described fermented tcm leaf
Slag is prepared from by the raw material of following parts by weight：
Its preparation process is as follows：
Above-mentioned Chinese medicine slag is processed into fineves more than 40 mesh, then put into fermentation vat, Chinese medicine slag total amount is accounted for while adding
10-30% water, is stirred evenly；The microbial bacteria for accounting for Chinese medicine slag weight 1-2.5% is added, is mixed, in 28-40 DEG C, relative humidity
Under conditions of 60-75%, handle 15-30 days, produce fermented tcm leaf slag.
6. the construction method of mixed friendship high yield camellia oleifera lam according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：Described microbial bacteria is
One or more in saccharomycete, mould, Bacillus acidi lactici, cellulose-decomposing bacterium, rhizobium, when for it is two or more when, each component
Weight proportion be equal portions or other ratios.
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| CN105638302B (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2018-06-01 | 叶鸿钊 | Organic oil tree plant cultivation Nutrition Soil |
| CN105493880A (en) * | 2016-02-09 | 2016-04-20 | 钟转佳 | Green and high-yield tea-oil tree-tea tree-sweet potato-tarragon mixed planting method |
| CN106305326A (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2017-01-11 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Uneven-aged mixed plantation method of pine trees and broad-leaved trees |
| CN106665086A (en) * | 2016-12-31 | 2017-05-17 | 管天球 | Method for interplanting purple perilla under camellia oleifera forest |
| CN106577148A (en) * | 2016-12-31 | 2017-04-26 | 管天球 | Method for interplanting blackberry lily under oil tea forests |
| CN106665084A (en) * | 2016-12-31 | 2017-05-17 | 管天球 | Method for intercropping Abelmoschus esculentus in camellia oleifera forest |
| CN106888896A (en) * | 2017-01-09 | 2017-06-27 | 湖南三盟油茶科技开发有限公司 | A kind of construction method of camellia oleifera lam |
| CN106900461B (en) * | 2017-03-01 | 2020-07-17 | 浙江省林业科学研究院 | Bionic compound operation method of vine tea, woody oil crops and mountain rice |
| CN107242073A (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2017-10-13 | 贵州祥驰农业开发有限公司 | A kind of oil tea intercropping method of effective controlling disease |
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| CN104145667B (en) * | 2014-08-04 | 2016-07-06 | 安徽中盛食用油科技有限公司 | A kind of interplanting method of Radix hemerocalis plicatae, Bulbus Lilii, Semen Caryae Cathayensis and oil tea |
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Denomination of invention: A construction method of mixed high-yield Camellia oleifera forest Effective date of registration: 20220509 Granted publication date: 20170728 Pledgee: Bank of Guilin Co.,Ltd. Baise Napo sub branch Pledgor: GUANGXI NAPO CUIZHUYUAN FORESTRY TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD. Registration number: Y2022980005279 |