CN104803907A - 一种吲哚去芳构化合成取代环丙烷化合物的方法 - Google Patents

一种吲哚去芳构化合成取代环丙烷化合物的方法 Download PDF

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CN104803907A
CN104803907A CN201410038454.8A CN201410038454A CN104803907A CN 104803907 A CN104803907 A CN 104803907A CN 201410038454 A CN201410038454 A CN 201410038454A CN 104803907 A CN104803907 A CN 104803907A
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周永贵
罗京
吴波
陈木旺
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Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of CAS
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Abstract

一种吲哚去芳构化合成取代环丙烷化合物的方法:从简单的叶立德和取代的吲哚出发,在碱性条件下反应可以得到各种吲哚去芳构化的取代环丙烷化合物。本发明操作简便实用,原料易得,产率高,非对映选择性好。

Description

一种吲哚去芳构化合成取代环丙烷化合物的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及含有取代吲哚和环丙烷化合物,具体地说是一种吲哚去芳构化合成取代环丙烷化合物的方法
背景技术
吲哚的去芳构化反应广泛的应用在天然产物的合成当中,吲哚类衍生物大多显示有重要的生物活性[1]。含有环丙烷结构单元的化合物广泛存在于自然界中,环丙烷类衍生物由于其特殊的结构而显示出重要的生物活性,很多抗癌试剂中都具有其结构单元。而具有假吲哚并环丙烷结构的化合物因其特殊结构而广泛的应用于医药和农药的合成当中[2]。目前,已经发展了很多吲哚去芳构化和合成环丙烷的方法[3]。这些方法主要是采用氧化剂,有机催化或金属催化的方法。(文献1:(a)Cha,J.Y.;Huang,Y.;Pettus,T.R.R.Angew.Chem.Int.Ed.2009,48,9519.(b)Roche,S.P.;Porco,J.A.Angew.Chem.Int.Ed.2011,50,4068.(c)Cha,J.Y.;Burnett,G.L.;Huang,Y.D.;Davidson,J.B.;Pettus,T.R.R.J.Org.Chem.2011,76,1361.(d)Zuo,Z.;Xie,W.;Ma,D.J.Am.Chem.Soc.2010,132,13226.文献2:(a)Charette,A.B.;Lebel,H.J.Am.Chem.Soc.1996,118,10327.(b)Barrett,A.G.M.;Kasdorf,K.J.Am.Chem.Soc.1996,118,11030.(c)Wipf,P.;Xu,W.J.J.Org.Chem.1996,61,6556.(d)Wessjohann,L.A.;Brandt,W.;Thiemann,T.Chem.Rev.2003,103,1625.文献3:(a)Kagawa,N.;Malerich,J.P.;Rawal,V.H.Org.Lett.2008,10,2381.Gioia,C.;Hauville,A.;Bernardi,L.;Fini,F.;Ricci,A.Angew.Chem.Int.Ed.2008,47,9236.(b)Tan,B.;Hernandez-Torres,G.;Barbas,C.F.J.Am.Chem.Soc.2011,133,12354.(c)Lebel,H.;Marcoux,J.F.;Molinaro,C.;Charette,A.B.Chem.Rev.2003,103,977.(d)Maas,G.Chem.Soc.Rev.2004,33,183.(d)Jiang,H.;Deng,X.-M.;Sun,X.-L.;Tang,Y.;Dai,L.-X.J.Org.Chem.2005,70,10202.
由于大多数吲哚去芳构化和合成环丙烷化合物使用的反应条件比较苛刻,反应试剂或催化剂昂贵,并且所得的产物化学选择性和立体选择性比较差,阻止了这些方法的广泛应用。因此寻找一种高产率、高非对映选择性,反应条件温和的通过吲哚去芳构化合成取代环丙烷化合物是一个研究的热点。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种吲哚去芳构化合成取代环丙烷化合物的合成方法。
本发明的技术方案如下:
本发明提供的是一类具有不同立体和电子效应取代基的吲哚去芳构化合成取代环丙烷化合物的合成,其合成路线如下:
所述反应物和产物中取代基R1为C1-C4的烷基、苯基或取代苯基,取代苯基上的取代基为C1-C6的烷基、卤素、甲氧基中的一种或二种以上,取代基的个数为1-5个;R2为氢、C1-C10的烷基、苯基或取代苯基,取代苯基上的取代基为C1-C6的烷基;R3为氢、C1-C10的烷基、卤素或甲氧基中的一种取代基或二种取代基;R为C1-C10的烷基、甲酯基、乙酯基、苯基或酰胺基;叶立德为硫叶立德或氮叶立德,即Y=N或S,X=Cl、Br、I、OTf、PF6或BF4
具体反应步骤为:
将化合物1溶于有机溶剂中,化合物1于有机溶剂中的溶度为0.01~0.2mol/L,向该体系按化合物1:化合物2的摩尔比1:0.5~1:2加入化合物2,接着向该体系按化合物1:碱的摩尔比1:1~1:3加入碱;室温下搅拌6~20h后,加入水淬灭反应;静置分液,水层用二氯甲烷萃取1~5次,合并二氯甲烷层后,无水硫酸钠干燥;减压去除溶剂,硅胶柱层析得到产品化合物3。
所述的有机溶剂为四氢呋喃、乙醚、二氯甲烷、氯仿、甲苯、1,4-二氧六环、乙酸乙酯、甲醇、乙醇或异丙醇。
采用叶立德作为反应物,用量为每1毫摩尔化合物1用1:0.5~1:2毫摩尔叶立德。
采用碱作为反应促进剂,用量为每1毫摩尔化合物1用1:1~1:3毫摩尔碱。
所用的碱为碳酸钾、碳酸钠、碳酸铯、氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、碳酸铯、磷酸钠、磷酸钾、甲醇钠、甲醇钾、乙酸钠、乙醇钾、叔丁醇钠、叔丁醇钾、三乙胺。
所用的叶立德配阴离子为氯离子、溴离子、碘离子、三氟甲磺酸根离子、四氟硼酸根离子或六氟磷酸根离子,即X=Cl、Br、I、OTf、BF4或PF6
本发明从取代的吲哚和叶立德出发,经过反应可以高产率、高非对映选择性地得到一系列取代的吲哚并环丙烷化合物。
本发明从各种取代的吲哚出发,与具有各种不同取代基的叶立德反应生成去芳构化的吲哚并环丙烷化合物,该反应采用碱作为促进剂,反应条件温和,产率高,非对映选择性好。本发明操作简便,原料廉价易得,体系简单,为后处理提供了便利,大大提高了反应效率,而且反应能容忍各种不同的取代基和官能团。
本发明具有以下优点:
1.原料简单易得。
2.反应活性高,原料转化完全,核磁氢谱检测到副产物含量较低或不存在,分离方便,能获得高纯度的产物。
3.反应的非对映选择性好。
4.能得到各种类型的吲哚去芳构化的取代环丙烷化合物。
5.反应条件温和。
具体实施方式
本发明将化合物1,在有机溶剂中和各种叶立德2反应,使用碱作为促进剂,其合成路线如下:
其中:
取代基R1为C1-C4的烷基、苯基或取代苯基,取代苯基上的取代基为C1-C6的烷基、卤素、甲氧基中的一种或二种以上,取代基的个数为1-5个;R2为氢、C1-C10的烷基、苯基或取代苯基,取代苯基上的取代基为C1-C6的烷基;R3为氢、C1-C10的烷基、卤素或甲氧基中的一种取代基或二种取代基;R为C1-C10的烷基、甲酯基、乙酯基、苯基或酰胺基;叶立德为硫叶立德或氮叶立德,即Y=N或S,X=Cl、Br、I、OTf、PF6或BF4
下面通过实施例详述本发明;但本发明并不限于下述的实施例。
实施例1:条件优化
氮气保护的反应瓶中,加入取代吲哚1a(0.25毫摩尔),硫叶立德2a(0.38毫摩尔),碳酸钾(0.75毫摩尔)后加入干燥的异丙醇3毫升,乙醇0.3毫升。室温反应12h后,加入3毫升水淬灭反应。静置分液,水层用二氯甲烷萃取三次(3×15mL),合并有机层后,无水硫酸钠干燥。减压去除溶剂,硅胶柱层析得到产物,反应结构式如下:
采用与上述相同的条件、不同之处在于采用不同的溶剂和碱,产物的产率见表1。
表1.吲哚去芳构化合成环丙烷化合物的条件优化
实施例2:取代的吲哚去芳构化合成环丙烷化合物3
氮气保护的反应瓶中,加入取代吲哚1a(0.25毫摩尔),硫叶立德2a(0.38毫摩尔),碳酸钾(0.75毫摩尔)后加入干燥的异丙醇3毫升,乙醇0.3毫升。室温反应12h后,加入3毫升水淬灭反应。静置分液,水层用二氯甲烷萃取三次(3×15mL),合并有机层后,无水硫酸钠干燥。减压去除溶剂,硅胶柱层析得到产物,反应结构式如下:
采用与上述相同的条件、不同之处在于采用不同的化合物1和化合物2,产物的产率见表2。
表2.取代的吲哚去芳构化合成环丙烷化合物3
各个化合物的实验数据如下:
Ethyl2'-methyl-3-phenylspiro[cyclopropane-1,3'-indole]-2-carboxy-late(3a):83%yield,unknown compound,white solid,mp=106-108℃Rf=0.58(petroleum ether/ethyl acetate10/1).1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.63(d,J=7.7Hz,1H),7.55(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.42-7.29(m,4H),7.23(t,J=7.3Hz,3H),4.30-4.06(m,3H),3.35(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),1.58(s,3H),1.24(t,J=7.1Hz,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ177.6,168.1,155.4,136.0,134.4,129.4,128.9,128.2,127.7,124.9,121.8,120.3,61.8,48.0,38.3,35.6,18.1,14.3.HRMS Calculated for C20H19NO2[M+H]+306.1494,found306.1489.
Ethyl2'-methyl-3-phenylspiro[cyclopropane-1,3'-indole]-2-carboxy-late(3a'):unknown compound,white solid,mp=103-104℃,Rf=0.52(petroleum ether/ethyl acetate10/1).1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.58(d,J=7.7Hz,1H),7.28-7.21(m,4H),7.15-7.04(m,2H),6.85(t,J=7.5Hz,1H),6.11(d,J=7.5Hz,1H),4.28-4.22(m,2H),4.09(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),3.25(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),2.39(s,3H),1.30(t,J=7.1Hz,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ177.9,168.5,154.7,135.9,133.7,129.8,128.7,128.1,127.5,124.4,120.6,120.2,62.0,48.8,37.7,37.4,18.2,14.4.HRMS Calculated for C20H19NO2[M+H]+306.1494,found306.1492.
N,N-Diethyl-2'-methyl-3-phenylspiro[cyclopropane-1,3'-indole]-2-carboxamide(3b):78%yield,unknown compound,white solid,mp=152-154℃,Rf=0.57(petroleum ether/ethyl acetate5/1).1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.60(d,J=7.7Hz,1H),7.38-7.22(m,7H),7.16(t,J=7.5Hz,1H),4.24(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),3.51-3.46(m,1H),3.40(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),3.20-3.15(m,1H),2.88(t J=7.2Hz,2H),1.59(s,3H),0.98(t,J=7.1Hz,3H),0.80(t,J=7.2Hz,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ177.5,165.3,155.0,136.4,135.2,129.5,128.8,128.0,127.5,124.9,120.6,120.2,47.2,41.7,40.6,38.2,36.3,18.0,13.8,13.3.HRMS Calculated for C22H2 4N2O[M+H]+333.1967,found333.1961.
(2'-Methyl-2-phenylspiro[cyclopropane-1,3'-indole]-3-yl)(phenyl)me-thanone(3c):60%yield,unknown compound,yellow solid,mp=127-128℃,Rf=0.45(petroleum ether/ethyl acetate10/1).1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.74-7.67(m,2H),7.59(d,J=7.7Hz,1H),7.51(t,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.40-7.32(m,5H),7.31-7.27(m,3H),7.24(d,J=7.3Hz,1H),7.13(t,J=7.5Hz,1H),4.45(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),4.20(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),1.78(s,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ177.0,171.3,155.1,137.2,135.5,134.8,133.7,129.6,128.9,128.3,127.7,125.1,121.1,120.3,60.5,49.5,40.0,37.4,21.2,18.1,14.4.HRMS Calculated for C24H19NO[M+H]+338.1545,found338.1539.
(2'-Methyl-2-phenylspiro[cyclopropane-1,3'-indole]-3-yl)(p-tolyl)me-thanone(3d):55%yield,unknown compound,yellow solid,mp=167-169℃,Rf=0.45(petroleum ether/ethyl acetate10/1).1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.63-7.54(m,3H),7.37-7.28(m,3H),7.27(d,J=2.5Hz,3H),7.21(d,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.18-7.06(m,3H),4.41(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),4.17(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),2.34(s,3H),1.75(s,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ192.1,177.1,155.1,144.7,135.6,134.9,134.7,129.7,129.6,128.9,128.4,128.2,127.6,125.1,121.1,120.3,49.4,40.0,37.4,21.8,18.2.HRMS Calculated for C25H21NO[M+H]+352.1701,found352.1696.
(4-Methoxyphenyl)(2'-methyl-2-phenylspiro[cyclopropane-1,3'-indole]-3-yl)methanone(3e):71%yield,unknown compound,white solid,mp=158-159℃,Rf=0.25(petroleum ether/ethyl acetate3/1).1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.76-7.66(m,2H),7.58(d,J=7.7Hz,1H),7.37-7.30(m,3H),7.29(s,3H),7.22(d,J=7.2Hz,1H),7.16-7.08(m,1H),6.89-6.80(m,2H),4.42(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),4.17(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),3.82(s,3H),1.77(s,3H).13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ190.8,177.2,164.1,155.1,135.7,135.0,130.6,130.2,129.3,128.9,128.1,127.5,125.1,121.0,120.3,114.2,55.6,49.2,39.8,37.4,18.2.HRMS Calculated for C25H21NO2[M+H]+368.1651,found368.1645.
Ethyl2'-methyl-3-p-tolylspiro[cyclopropane-1,3'-indole]-2-carboxy-late(3f):88%yield,unknown compound,white solid,mp=123-125℃,Rf=0.48(petroleum ether/ethyl acetate10/1).1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.61(d,J=7.7Hz,1H),7.53(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.40-7.32(m,1H),7.21(t,J=7.5Hz,1H),7.10(d,J=8.4Hz,4H),4.29-4.08(m,2H),4.05(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),3.32(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),2.34(s,3H),1.59(s,3H),1.23(t,J=7.1Hz,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ177.8,168.2,155.4,138.0,136.1,131.3,129.6,129.3,127.7,124.9,121.8,120.3,61.8,48.1,38.2,35.7,21.3,18.2,14.4.HRMS Calculated for C21H21NO2[M+H]+320.1651,found320.1645.
Ethyl2'-methyl-3-m-tolylspiro[cyclopropane-1,3'-indole]-2-carboxy-late(3g):86%yield,unknown compound,white oil,Rf=0.45(petroleum ether/ethyl acetate10/1).1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.62(d,J=7.7Hz,1H),7.53(d,J=7.5Hz,1H),7.39-7.37(m,1H),7.23-7.19(m,2H),7.10(d,J=7.5Hz,1H),7.03(s,2H),4.21-4.14(m,2H),4.06(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),3.33(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),2.31(s,3H),1.60(s,3H),1.23(t,J=7.1Hz,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ177.8,168.2,155.4,138.7,136.1,134.3,130.1,129.0,128.8,127.7,126.4,124.9,121.8,120.3,61.8,48.1,38.4,35.7,21.4,18.1,14.4.HRMS Calculated for C21H21NO2[M+H]+320.1651found320.1645.
Ethyl2'-methyl-3-o-tolylspiro[cyclopropane-1,3'-indole]-2-carboxy-late(3h):84%yield,unknown compound,white solid,mp=160-162℃,Rf=0.45(petroleum ether/ethyl acetate10/1).1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.63-7.57(m,2H),7.41-7.32(m,2H),7.25-7.21(m,3H),7.14(d,J=3.5Hz,1H),4.38-4.04(m,2H),3.90(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),3.38(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),1.78(s,3H),1.53(s,3H),1.25(t,J=7.1Hz,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ177.8,168.2,155.3,138.8,135.8,133.1,130.4,128.7,128.3,127.7,126.1,125.0,121.7,120.4,61.8,48.1,37.9,35.8,19.2,17.7,14.3.HRMS Calculated for C21H21NO2[M+H]+320.1651,found320.1645.
Ethyl3-(4-chlorophenyl)-2'-methylspiro[cyclopropane-1,3'-indole]-2-carboxylate(3i):82%yield,unknown compound,white solid,mp=109-110℃,Rf=0.57(petroleum ether/ethyl acetate10/1).1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.62(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.51(d,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.38(t,J=7.0Hz,1H),7.31(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.26-7.19(m,3H),4.26-4.15(m,2H),4.02(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),3.30(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),1.58(s,3H),1.23(t,J=7.2Hz,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ177.0,167.9,155.4,135.7,134.2,133.0,130.7,129.2,127.9,125.1,121.8,120.4,61.9,47.9,37.4,35.5,18.1,14.3.HRMS Calculated for C20H18ClNO2[M+Na]+340.1104,found340.1099.
Ethyl2-(4-bromophenyl)-2'-phenylspiro[cyclopropane-1,3'-indole]-3-carboxylate(3j):70%yield,unknown compound,yellow solid,mp=130-132℃,Rf=0.55(petroleum ether/ethyl acetate10/1).1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.68(d,J=7.7Hz,1H),7.54(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.36(t,J=7.5Hz,1H),7.26-7.20(m,1H),7.17(s,1H),7.08(t,J=7.6Hz,2H),6.99(d,J=8.3Hz,2H),6.81(d,J=7.4Hz,2H),6.58(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),4.32-4.18(m,2H),3.92(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),3.88(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),1.21(t,J=7.1Hz,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ177.2,167.9,155.2,136.3,135.1,132.5,131.2,130.2,128.8,128.2,127.9,127.9,125.9,121.6,121.6,121.5,62.0,48.3,38.5,33.1,14.4.HRMS Calculated for C25H20BrNO2[M+H]+found446.0756,found440.0750.
Ethyl2-(4-bromophenyl)-2'-phenylspiro[cyclopropane-1,3'-indole]-3-carboxylate(3j,):unknown compound,white solid,mp=143-145℃,Rf=0.50(petroleum ether/ethyl acetate10/1).1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.74(d,J=7.7Hz,1H),7.60-7.51(m,2H),7.48(d,J=7.8Hz,5H),7.33(t,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.12(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),6.98(t,J=7.5Hz,1H),6.11(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),4.60(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),3.94-3.45(m,2H),3.16(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),1.01(t,J=7.1Hz,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ177.0,166.6,154.7,136.1,135.1,132.9,132.0,131.6,129.8,128.4,128.3,127.9,125.4,122.2,121.6,120.8,61.6,47.0,37.9,34.6,13.9.HRMSCalculated for C25H20BrNO2[M+H]+446.0756,found446.0750.
Ethyl3-(3-chlorophenyl)-2'-methylspiro[cyclopropane-1,3'-indole]-2-carboxylate(3k):75%yield,unknown compound,yellow solid,mp=109-110℃,Rf=0.55(petroleum ether/ethyl acetate10/1).1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.63(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.52(d,J=7.2Hz,1H),7.38(t,J=7.3Hz,1H),7.25(d,J=26.8Hz,4H),7.11(d,J=6.0Hz,1H),4.35-4.07(m,2H),4.03(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),3.31(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),1.63(s,3H),1.23(t,J=7.1Hz,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ176.9,167.8,155.4,136.5,135.7,135.0,130.2,129.5,128.5,128.0,127.7,125.1,121.8,120.5,61.9,47.9,37.5,35.4,18.1,14.3.HRMS Calculated for C20H18ClNO2[M+H]+340.1104,found340.1099.
Ethyl2-(4-bromophenyl)-2'-methylspiro[cyclopropane-1,3'-indole]-3-carboxylate(3l):81%yield,unknown compound,yellow solid,mp=130-132℃Rf=0.59(petroleum ether/ethyl acetate10/1).1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.62(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.51(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.46(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),7.38(t,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.22(t,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.11(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),4.35-4.07(m,2H),4.00(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),3.29(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),1.62(s,3H),1.22(t,J=7.1Hz,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ176.9,167.8,155.3,135.6,133.5,132.1,131.0,127.9,125.0,122.2,121.7,120.4,61.8,47.8,37.4,35.4,18.1,14.3.HRMS Calculated for C20H18BrNO2[M+H]+384.0599,found384.0594.
Ethyl3-(3-methoxyphenyl)-2'-methylspiro[cyclopropane-1,3'-indole]-2-carboxylate(3m):69%yield,unknown compound,white oil,Rf=0.50(petroleum ether/ethyl acetate10/1).1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.62(d,J=7.7Hz,1H),7.53(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.37(td,J=7.6,1.0Hz,1H),7.26-7.18(m,2H),6.85-6.81(m,2H),6.74(s,1H),4.26-4.10(m,2H),4.06(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),3.76(s,3H),3.32(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),1.63(s,3H),1.22(t,J=7.1Hz,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ177.6,168.1,160.1,155.4,136.0,135.9,130.0,127.8,124.9,121.8,121.6,120.3,115.0,113.8,61.8,55.5,48.1,38.3,35.6,18.1,14.3.HRMS Calculated for C2 1H21NO3[M+H]+336.1600,found336.1594.
Ethyl2',5'-dimethyl-3-phenylspiro[cyclopropane-1,3'-indole]-2-car-boxylate(3n):88%yield,unknown compound,white solid,mp=132-134℃,Rf=0.57(petroleum ether/ethyl acetate10/1).1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.49(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.35-7.26(m,4H),7.25-7.20(m,2H),7.17(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),4.29-4.09(m,2H),4.04(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),3.31(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),2.42(s,3H),1.55(s,3H),1.24(t,J=7.1Hz,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ176.6,168.2,153.3,136.2,134.7,134.6,129.4,128.9,128.4,128.2,122.5,119.9,61.8,47.9,38.3,35.5,21.8,18.0,14.3.HRMS Calculated for C21H21NO2[M+H]+320.1651,found320.1645.
Ethyl5'-fluoro-2'-methyl-3-phenylspiro[cyclopropane-1,3'-indole]-2-carboxylate(3o):83%yield,unknown compound,white solid,mp=132-134℃,Rf=0.55(petroleum ether/ethyl acetate10/1).1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.55-7.50(m,1H),7.35-7.27(m,3H),7.26-7.17(m,2H),7.10-7.01(m,1H),4.31-4.12(m,2H),4.04(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),3.35(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),1.60(s,3H),1.26(s,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ177.4,(d,JC-F=3.4Hz)167.9,162.1,159.7,151.4,137.9,(d,JC-F=10.2Hz),134.1,129.2,(d,JC-F=37.0Hz),128.4,120.8,(d,JC-F=8.9Hz),114.5,(d,JC-F=23.7Hz),109.8,(d,JC-F=26.5Hz),62.0,48.2,38.9,35.7,18.0,14.3;19F NMR(376MHz,CDCl3)δ-117.0519.HRMS Calculated for C20H18FNO2[M+H]+324.1440,found324.1394.
Ethyl2'-methyl-3-pentylspiro[cyclopropane-1,3'-indole]-2-carboxy-late(3p):56%yield,unknown compound,orange oil,Rf=0.55(petroleum ether/ethyl acetate10/1).1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.59(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.40(d,J=7.5Hz,1H),7.31(t,J=7.5Hz,1H),7.16(t,J=7.5Hz,1H),4.30-3.86(m,2H),2.81(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),2.75-2.60(m,1H),2.31(d,J=19.5Hz,3H),1.93-1.85(m,1H),1.80-1.71(m,1H),1.38-1.22(m,6H),1.16(t,J=7.1Hz,3H),0.85(s,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ177.6,168.3,154.9,136.7,127.3,124.8,121.6,120.1,61.4,47.4,38.7,35.9,31.4,29.1,28.5,22.6,19.2,14.3,14.1.HRMS Calculated for C1 9H25NO2[M+H]+300.1964,found300.1958.
本发明从简单的叶立德和取代的吲哚出发,在碱性条件下反应可以得到各种吲哚去芳构化的取代环丙烷化合物。本发明操作简便实用,原料易得,产率高,非对映选择性好。

Claims (8)

1.种吲哚去芳构化合成取代环丙烷化合物的方法,其反应式和条件如下:
所述反应物和产物中取代基R1为C1-C4的烷基、苯基或取代苯基,取代苯基上的取代基为C1-C6的烷基、卤素、甲氧基中的一种或二种以上,取代基的个数为1-5个;
R2为氢、C1-C10的烷基、苯基或取代苯基,取代苯基上的取代基为C1-C6的烷基;
R3为氢、C1-C10的烷基、卤素或甲氧基中的一种取代基或二种取代基;
R为C1-C10的烷基、甲酯基、乙酯基、苯基或酰胺基;叶立德为硫叶立德或氮叶立德,即Y=N或S,X=Cl、Br、I、OTf、PF6或BF4
2.权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:
具体反应步骤为:
将化合物1溶于有机溶剂中,化合物1于有机溶剂中的溶度为0.05~0.2mol/L,向该体系按化合物1:化合物2的摩尔比1:0.5~1:2加入化合物2,接着向该体系按化合物1:碱的摩尔比1:1~1:3加入碱;室温下搅拌6~20h后,加入水淬灭反应;静置分液,水层用二氯甲烷萃取1~5次,合并二氯甲烷层后,无水硫酸钠干燥;减压去除溶剂,硅胶柱层析得到产品化合物3。
3.权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:
所用的有机溶剂为四氢呋喃、乙醚、二氯甲烷、氯仿、甲苯、1,4-二氧六环、乙酸乙酯、甲醇、乙醇或异丙醇中一种或二种以上混合;化合物1于有机溶剂中的浓度为0.05~0.2mol/L。
4.权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于:
采用叶立德作为反应物,用量为每1毫摩尔化合物1用1:0.5~1:2毫摩尔叶立德。
5.权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于:
采用碱作为反应促进剂,用量为每1毫摩尔化合物1用1:1~1:3毫摩尔碱。
6.权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于:
所用的碱为碳酸钾、碳酸钠、碳酸铯、氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、碳酸铯、磷酸钠、磷酸钾、甲醇钠、甲醇钾、乙酸钠、乙醇钾、叔丁醇钠、叔丁醇钾、三乙胺中的一种或两种以上混合。
7.权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于:
所用的叶立德配阴离子为氯离子、溴离子、碘离子、三氟甲磺酸根离子、四氟硼酸根离子或六氟磷酸根离子中的一种,即X=Cl、Br、I、OTf、BF4或PF6
8.权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于:
所用的叶立德为氮叶立德、硫叶立德中的一种或两种混合。
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CN111484437A (zh) * 2019-01-28 2020-08-04 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 一种在吲哚c3位引入叔异戊烯基的方法
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CN111484436B (zh) * 2019-01-28 2022-06-07 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 一种在吲哚c3位引入异戊烯基的方法

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