CN104620265A - 包括传感器元件的rfid转发器 - Google Patents

包括传感器元件的rfid转发器 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104620265A
CN104620265A CN201380047739.1A CN201380047739A CN104620265A CN 104620265 A CN104620265 A CN 104620265A CN 201380047739 A CN201380047739 A CN 201380047739A CN 104620265 A CN104620265 A CN 104620265A
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sensor
label
product
interrogator
antenna
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CN201380047739.1A
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Inventor
M·阿曼
G·E·斯特里莫
F·F·舍曼
J·L·乔伊斯
J·T·伯里科夫
M·W·莫罗
M·弗兰克
S·J·斯佩希特
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Gillette Co LLC
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Gillette Co LLC
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Publication of CN104620265A publication Critical patent/CN104620265A/zh
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Abstract

一种传感器系统包括标签。标签包括至少一个传感器、射频芯片和第一天线。传感器适于提供模拟传感器的环境变化的输出。传感器产生模拟输出并且包括输出端子。射频芯片包括存储器元件、输入端子和输出端子。输入端子设置成与传感器的输出端子电连通。传感器的输出改变芯片的存储器中的至少一个位的值。第一天线设置成与芯片的输出端子电连通。

Description

包括传感器元件的RFID转发器
技术领域
本发明涉及用于确定关于产品的信息的系统和方法。本发明尤其涉及对产品信息的远程询问和所获信息的后续使用。
背景技术
具有按物品的消耗量限定的使用寿命的消费品是人们所熟知的。使用寿命可被看作是与物品的有效量的至少一部分的消耗相关联的一个或多个事件。可存在与物品的使用环境和/或使用过的物品和剩余可用物品的数量相关联的信息，但所述信息一般来讲也可能是典型的物品消费者所不可触及的。需要一种用于以如下方式来提取产品相关信息的系统和方法，所述方式使得所述信息易于被消费者触及和使用。
发明内容
在一个方面，一种传感器系统包括标签。标签包括射频芯片和第一天线，并且也包括或联接到至少一个传感器。传感器适于提供模拟传感器的环境变化的输出。传感器产生模拟输出并且包括输出端子。射频芯片包括存储器元件、输入端子和输出端子。一个或多个输入端子设置成与传感器的一个或多个输出端子电连通。第一天线设置成与芯片的输出端子电连通。
在一个方面，一种确定产品信息的方法包括以下步骤：提供包括标签的产品，和适于检测与标签的数据相关联的辐射的询问器；询问标签的状态；解释标签的状态；以及提供与标签的所解释状态相关联的输出。标签包括存储与产品相关联的数据的数字存储器。
附图说明
通过参见附图，本发明的另外的特征和有益效果将变得更加显而易见。
图1示出了本发明的一个实施例的示意图。
图2示出了本发明的一个实施例的示意图。
图3示出了本发明的一个实施例的示意图。
具体实施方式
定义：
下文阐述本发明众多不同实施例的广泛说明。本说明应被视为仅是示例性说明，并且未述及每一个可能的实施方案，因为描述每一个可能的实施方案即便是可能的话，也是不切实际的，并且应当理解，本文所述的任何特征、特性、组件、组成、成分、产品、步骤或方法均可被删掉、整个或部分地与本文所述的任何其它特征、特性、组件、组成、成分、产品、步骤或方法相组合或用后者取代。可使用当前技术或在本专利的提交日期之后开发的技术来实施众多可供选择的实施方案，所述在本专利的提交日期之后开发的技术将仍然属于本权利要求的范围。
还应当理解，除非一个术语在本专利中使用句子“如本文所用，术语‘______’被定义为是指……”或一个类似的句子明确定义，否则并不意图将该术语的含义明确或隐含地限制超出其平常的或普通的含义，并且此类术语不应当被解释为被限制在本专利的任一部分中所作出的任何语句(除了权利要求书的语言之外)的范围之内。没有任何术语对本发明而言是必不可少的，除非这样规定。当在本专利中以符合单一意义的方式来提及本专利最后的权利要求书中叙述的任一术语时，只是为了清晰起见以便不使读者感到困惑，并非旨在隐含地或换句话讲将这种权利要求术语限制为该单一的含义。最后，除非权利要求要素是通过描述措辞“装置”和功能而没有描述任何结构来定义的，否则并不意图基于35 U.S.C.§112第六段的应用来解释任一权利要求要素的范围。
在一个方面，一种传感器系统包括标签。标签可包括印刷在基板上的导电油墨和非导电油墨的一个或多个层。示例性基板材料包括：聚合物膜、纸材、高介电常数的介电材料和FR-4材料。多层结构还可包括非导电材料的局部层，所述局部层隔开导电层的至少部分。示例性导电层包括铜墨和银墨。标签包括射频芯片和第一天线，并且也包括或联接到至少一个传感器。标签可设置为卡、币形件或嵌体上的电路。芯片可为有源或无源的。示例性芯片/第一天线组合包括以下型号：RI-I03-112A-03(13.56MHz)、和RI-INL-R9QM(134.2kHz)、或型号TRF7970A，它们各自购自Texas Instruments(Dallas，TX)。天线可呈线圈或偶极的物理形式，或为与标签的其余部分电连通的产品或包装件的导电组件。
可根据所关注的环境因素的性质来选择传感器。典型的传感器类型包括化学传感器、电传感器、生物传感器、机械传感器和物理传感器。标签的传感器也可包括单一类型的多个传感器或相异类型的传感器的组合。
示例性化学传感器包括：由Figaro Engineering Inc.制造且购自ConradElectronics(Germany)的用于丙烷、丁烷、甲烷、醇、H2的型号为TGS 813的气体传感器。示例性电传感器包括：由ZetexSemiconductors制造且购自Allied Electronics(Fort Worth，TX)的用以测量磁场的型号为AH1751-PG-B-A的霍尔效应传感器。
示例性机械传感器包括：由ST Microelectronics制造的基于MEMS的型号为L3G3200D的3轴回转仪、和由Allied Electronic(Forth Worth，TX)制造的型号为N11MA512023的应变仪传感器。
示例性物理传感器包括：由Vishay制造的型号为VCNL4020的光传感器、和由ST Microelectronics制造的基于MEMS的型号为LPS331AP的压力传感器。
示例性生物传感器可受到调控以检测各种生物分子诸如病害、离子、生物标记物、抗体、DNA、各种蛋白质、或代谢标记物等。检测方法根本上可为测量电位性质的或测量电流性质的。被分析的材料样本可收集自生物体或环境，并且包括：血液、上皮细胞、粘液、唾液、粪便、毛发、尿液、空气、水和其它环境材料。电极构型可为两种(工作电极和对电极)或三种(工作电极、对电极和基准电极)，这里电极能够由多个基板制成，诸如金、银、铂、碳等。这些电极可购自Conductive Technologies，Inc.(York，PA)，或被制造(Sensors and Actuators B，114，(2006)357-363)。
检测抗体的测量电位式生物传感器可利用常规的ELISA夹心测定。前述电极涂覆有导电聚合物诸如聚(吡咯)以制备适用于生物附接的基板，同时保持对电极基板的导电性。用于所述测定的材料可购自Sigma-Aldrich(St.Louis，MO.)：产生于山羊体内的捕获抗体-抗小鼠IgG(Fc特异性)F(ab’)2片段抗体(M0284)、抗体-小鼠血清(M5905)、分析物对比组-产生于山羊体内的抗小鼠IgG(γ链特异性)过氧化物酶抗体(A3673)，并且在该过程中使用源自牛血清的白蛋白以防止非特异性粘结(A7906)。
所述工作电极上的从下到上的ELISA夹心结构为如下结构：吸附到聚(吡咯)基板的捕获抗体、分析物、具有HRP缀合物的分析物对比组、和用以催化所述HRP以生成过氧化氢的工作溶液酶。工作电极处的该反应生成具有微伏分辨率的电势。
所需的用于传感器的电源可由RFID电路的收获能量提供，因为所需的电流在微安范围内。随后可利用诸如供传感器使用的电容器之类的元件来存储所收获的功率。
标签可被构造成使得传感器的输出改变存储在标签的芯片的存储器中的词的一个或多个位的值。在一个实施例中，任何非零传感器输出均可从一至零或从零至一改变指定的位的值。另选地，标签的电路可提供将传感器输出与之比较的偏压。在该实施例中，仅高于偏压阈值的传感器输出、或介于下阈值组和上阈值组之间的传感器输出可改变所述位的值。
标签可包括多于单个的传感器。在多传感器标签的一种构型中，每个传感器的输出可用来改变其自己的相应位的值。在一种可供选择的构型中，当为标签供电时该组传感器可被轮询，使得标签的存储器的单一特定的位根据每个被轮询传感器的输出而阶跃式地经过一系列值。如前所述，标签可被设计成使得任何非零传感器输出均将改变相关联的位的值，或使得仅高于下阈值或介于上阈值和下阈值之间的值将改变相应的位值。
可使用射频协议诸如Near Field Communications(NFC)协议来读取标签。当标签被询问或读取时，为标签电路供电，传感器输出改变标签的存储器。标签的存储器随后由询问器读取。其采集指示标签环境的被感测状态的存储器词的数字值。标签的相关通信频率范围可为HF、UHF或其它适当地选定的频率范围，所述范围根据预期的环境和标签的用途由对标签的具体要求来确定。
传感器系统还可包括询问器。询问器包括电源和第二天线，所述第二天线适于产生包括第一天线的谐振频率的电磁辐射；和接收器，所述接收器适于检测电磁辐射并解调所检测到的辐射从而从所检测到的辐射提取嵌入数据。购自GAO RFID(Toronto Canada)的型号为223012的BluetoothTMRFID阅读器举例说明了一种形式的询问器。型号为223012的询问器能够询问射频标签并确定标签的存储器的状态，并且因此提取与相关于标签环境的一个或多个传感器的输出相关联的信息。所述223012还包括辅助网络通信链路，所述链路利用了用于将从标签提取的信息传送至辅助装置或辅助询问器诸如BluetoothTM启用的计算机或智能电话的BluetoothTM通信协议。所述辅助询问器还可分析关于标签的状态和/或标签环境的信息并且提供与特定标签和/或标签环境状态相关联的输出。询问器还可包括显示元件，诸如用于显示与所分析的标签信息相关联的输出的LCD或LED屏。询问器还可包括用于探知与询问器的环境相关联的信息的一个或多个传感器。传感器可包括：温度传感器、湿度传感器、加速度传感器。询问器还可包括一个或多个照相机，所述照相机使得能够捕获与产品、标签或环境相关联的图像。询问器可包括全球定位能力，使得询问器能够探知并共享关于询问器的地理位置的信息。
在一个方面，智能电话可用作所述仅有的询问器。在该方面，智能电话可询问标签，从而从标签的存储器探知所述信息。询问器可分析或换句话讲解释所述信息并且可产生输出。所述输出可经由听觉输出、视觉输出、触觉输出或它们的组合提供给系统的使用者。在产生所述输出的过程中，除了标签信息以外，询问器还可利用源自智能电话的传感器或系统的输入，包括购自网络资源诸如云计算资源的信息和分析。被适宜地构造成用作系统询问器的示例性智能电话包括：购自Research In Motion的AcerTME320Liquid Express、BlackberryTMBoldTM970；Casio IT-800；购自Google，Inc.(Mountain View Ca.)的Google Nexus 7TM；购自HTC的HTC DesireCTM；LG Optimus Elite；购自Motorola的Motorola DroidTMRazrTM；Nokia700；Panasonic BizPadTM；和Samsung Galaxy S AdvanceTM。
在一个方面，传感器系统可包括产品。术语“产品”最广义地使用，并且是指任何产品、产品组、服务、通信、娱乐、环境、组织、系统、工具等等。例如，产品组的示例为个人产品和家用产品，诸如由个人、亲属、家庭使用的产品。个人产品和家用产品组内的产品类别的代表性且非限制性列表的示例包括止汗剂、婴儿护理品、古龙香水、商业产品(包括定向于消费者的消费品的批发的工业和商业市场模拟物)、化妆品、除臭剂、盘碟护理品、女性防护品、毛发护理品、毛发着色剂、保健品、家用清洁剂、衣物洗涤剂、口腔护理品、纸产品、个人清洁剂、一次性吸收制品、宠物健康和营养品、处方药、名牌芳香剂、护肤品、食品、小吃和饮料、特殊织物护理品、剃刮和其它毛发生长管理产品、小器具、装置和电池、服务诸如理发、美容、矿泉疗法、内科、牙科、眼科服务、娱乐场所诸如剧院、体育馆、以及娱乐服务诸如电影或影视剧、戏剧和运动赛事。多种产品形式可落入这些产品类别中的每个内。
示例性产品形式和品牌描述于The Procter&Gamble Company的网站：www.pg.com以及可见于其上的链接网站上。应当理解本发明还可以想到为产品类别的一部分但不是上文所列那些的消费品，并且本发明还涵盖不是上文指定网站上公开的那些的可供选择的产品形式和品牌。
衣物洗涤类别内的示例性产品包括洗涤剂(包括粉末、液体、片剂、和其它形式)、漂白剂、调理剂、软化剂和防静电产品，以及清新剂(包括液体清新剂和烘干机纸)。口腔护理类别内的示例性产品包括牙粉、牙线、牙刷(包括手动和电动形式)、口腔清洗剂、齿龈护理品、牙齿美白产品、和其它牙齿护理品。示例性女性防护品包括衬垫、棉塞、阴唇间产品和卫生护垫。示例性婴儿护理品包括尿布、擦拭物、婴儿围兜、婴儿更换物和床垫、以及发泡的浴室洗手皂。
示例性保健产品包括泻药、纤维补充剂、口腔和局麻剂、肠胃处理产品、呼吸和咳嗽/感冒产品、热递送产品和水净化产品。示例性纸产品包括卫生纸、纸巾和面巾纸。示例性毛发护理品包括洗发剂、调理剂(包括洗去型和保留型)和定型助剂。示例性家用护理品包括清扫产品、地板清洁产品、木地板清洁剂、抗菌地板清洁剂、织物和空气清新剂和车辆洗涤产品。护肤品包括但不限于沐浴剂、面部清洁器、洗手液、保湿剂、调理剂、收敛剂、剥落产品、微擦皮和剥离产品、嫩肤产品、抗衰老产品、面膜、紫外线防护产品、和护肤品泡夫、擦拭物、饼、衣服、薄片、工具和装置(具有或不具有护肤品组合物)。
在一个实施例中，产品可包括用于评价其它产品诸如便携式电源的试验单元。在该实施例中，产品可包括所有的所述元件，包括芯片、天线和屏蔽物。在使用该实施例的过程中，使用者要将所关注的电源放置在产品中，并且利用询问器来接合所述单元的标签。询问器将为标签供电、读取并分析存储器值，并且产生输出。所述分析将以其所模拟的电源的开路电压来评价读取值。输出可呈如下形式：剩余电力的百分比、与剩余电力相关联的彩色编码的输出、简单的文字输出、良好或较差等、或这些的组合。还可利用网络通信链路来传送所述输出和/或利用询问器的显示元件来显示所述输出。
其它产品组包括但不限于：运动器材、娱乐品(书籍、电影、音乐等)、视觉用品、和家庭使用的医疗急救品，等等。
标签可附接到产品的封装，诸如液体产品或颗粒状产品的初级封装。标签可浸入到封装的液体或颗粒状产品中或浮置在所述产品的表面上。标签可结合在产品内，诸如结合在一次性吸收制品内，诸如结合在尿布内，目的是检测对尿布的吸收芯的侵害。标签可设置在产品自身的表面上，诸如设置在电池的表面上，目的是感测关于电池中可用的剩余电力的信息。
据信，使标签的天线适形于产品外表面的形状产生如下系统，其中询问器与标签之间的连通可为全方位的或可按询问器和标签之间的多种角度实现。
当通信设备被用在电磁导电体上时，出现了与创造用于各种产品的通信设备相关联的这些问题之一。自由空间的无线电波传播原理在高度导电的导电体附近不适用。另外，当天线靠近金属放置时，天线性能被严重劣化。因此，只是将RFID标签放置在电池上或放置在带有导电体的物体上可能不能实现所期望的效应，例如功率获取和/或数据传送。值得注意的是，该问题不限于可再充电/一次性电池。例如，一罐剃刮凝胶、泡沫等，或包括金属化膜的包装件可由于容器的导电性而经历相同的问题。一般来讲，紧靠金属体的RFID标签以10x减小阅读器与标签之间的信号耦合。
一种防止这种起因于金属与天线的邻近性的效应的方法是防止电磁场进入到所述金属中。例如，通过在天线和金属表面之间放置具有合适的电磁特性和尺寸的材料来隔开它们，这样可使产品的金属体/导电体周围的电磁场转向。转向器材料的特性取决于所用的确切金属和RFID频率。磁转向器有效地隔离标签与所述罐。也可利用这些材料之间的充气间隙来实现有效隔离。
在一个方面，一种确定产品信息的方法包括以下步骤：提供包括如上所述标签的产品。标签包括至少一个传感器，所述至少一个传感器适于提供模拟传感器的环境变化的输出。传感器具有至少一个输出端子。标签也包括射频芯片和第一天线，所述射频芯片包括存储器元件、一个或多个输入端子和一个或多个输出端子，一个或多个输入端子设置成与传感器的输出端子电连通，并且所述第一天线设置成与芯片的输出端子电连通。
该方法也可包括提供询问器，所述询问器适于检测与标签的数据相关联的辐射。询问器可为耦合有如上所述BluetoothTM能力的RF或NFC协议阅读器、或智能电话或包括RF或NFC能力的阅读器的其它计算设备。
在一个方面，该方法可最小化以提供包括标签的产品，并且提供与市场上可得的或消费者所拥有的装置相容的软件。消费者可选择利用如下应用软件，所述软件将使得他们的装置能够用作所述询问器。
询问器可通过利用RF通信协议诸如NFC协议来确定标签的当前状态。询问器可使用为所述目的而编写的软件应用程序来解释从标签接收的数据。在一个实施例中，标签和传感器可被构造成检测电池单元的开路电压。所检测的开路电压可改变标签的存储器的至少一个位的值。询问器随后可读取存储器的值并且将所述值与开路电压和可用的剩余电池寿命关联起来。可用的剩余电池寿命可经由询问器的显示元件显示给该系统的使用者。所显示的输出可为剩余寿命的百分比的形式或可为表示极少至无的可用寿命、一些可用寿命、或显著量的可用寿命的红色、黄色和绿色的更多模拟形式，这取决于用来设定用于将所检测的开路电压转换为电池可用寿命的模拟量的阈值的算法。在一个实施例中，该应用可提供让该应用的使用者输入电池的负荷情况性质的步骤。示例性负荷情况包括为以下装置供电：闪光照相机、玩具、手电筒、远程控制单元、时钟、或收音机或其它娱乐系统。
例如，标签可被结合为用于1.5伏碱性电源的传感器系统。在该示例中，传感器可被构造成读取在介于0.8伏和1.65伏之间范围内的开路电压(OCV)。标签的偏压电路可被设计成如果OCV高于1.35伏，则使第一位改变状态从而指示还剩余多于30％的功率以供使用。这可关联于针对电源的绿色编码状态的应用输出。标签的第二部分可在OCV高于1.25伏时使第二位改变状态以指示剩余～30％的功率，并且这可被传达为功率的黄色状态。标签还可被构造成当OCV小于1.25伏时具有第三位改变状态，并且所述应用可指示红色功率状态。另选地，标签位在低于1.25伏或高于1.35伏时可保持不变以简化电路的设计。
在一个方面，询问器可包含辅助网络通信模块，从而提供用以通过蜂窝电话或其它网络(包括局域网或WiFi网)发送和接收数据的装置和能力。在这一方面，询问器可传送从标签接收的数据和/或对源自标签的数据的分析。询问器的软件应用程序可分析得自标签的数据以确定是否需要补给与标签相关联的产品，或根据经由一系列对标签的询问建立的产品使用历史来计划何时将需要进行此类补给。在该方面，该应用可用来完成经由网络购买加成产物。该应用还可用来向使用者提供相关的产品以便购买，或提供不直接与该产品相关的其它产品。
在一个实施例中，所述系统标签可细分为多个部分。一个部分可包含天线和芯片，另一个部分可包含传感器。标签的所述两个部分可设置成使传感器暴露于吸收制品的功能环境，并且天线和芯片部分不暴露于所述制品的功能环境。天线和芯片部分可被制成为可移除的并因此也成为可重复使用的。传感器可被制成为可移除的，而天线和芯片部分保持在产品中。在一个实施例中，可移除的传感元件可联接到驻留芯片/天线元件。例如，个人护理装置诸如剃刀或口腔护理工具可被构造成带有驻留天线和带有触点的芯片，使得能够插入使用和移除传感元件。可移除传感元件以便进行废弃处理或替换或清洁和重新安装。在一个实施例中，导电钩-环紧固件诸如购自APLIX Inc.(Charlotte，NC)的导电钩-环紧固件可用来产生所述制品的功能环境和所述制品外部之间的界面。能够具有导电性的所述制品、传感器和可移除的标签之间的附接机构可为钩&环、压缩(例如松紧带、吊带)、粘附(例如粘合带)、磁性、或它们的组合。在该实施例中，传感器可被构造为与导电钩-环垫电接触的组件，所述导电钩-环垫继而设置在所述制品的外表面上，而传感器可设置在功能环境中的所述制品内。匹配的垫可被结合为天线组件和芯片组件的一部分，并且可利用匹配的钩-环垫将两个相应的组件联合起来以用于标签的操作用途。这样，可使更昂贵的天线和芯片组件成为可重复使用的，从而降低了与利用带有多个相应的一次性制品的系统相关联的总体成本。相应的组件可利用导电粘合剂来形成，诸如购自MG Chemicals(Surrey，B.C.，Canada)的导电粘合剂，从而将标签的相应部分的电引线附连到它们相应的钩-环紧固件垫。
实例：
包括耦合有标签存储器的电容传感器条的标签可排列在包装件诸如睫毛膏包装件内，使得传感器输出将模拟该包装件内剩余的产品数量。传感器的轴可与该包装件的几何形状对齐，使得与产品接触的传感器的部分将随着容器中的产品量的改变而改变。在询问时，标签传感器将向模拟剩余的产品数量的芯片提供输出。标签电路可被偏压成使得仅高于某个特定值或在某个特定范围内的传感器将改变与输出相关联的位的值。基于制造商所了解的什么产品数量应当被用作所述阈值以触发与特定产品和/或包装件相关联的输出，标签将指示存在或不存在预定的剩余产品量。询问器将读取所存储的值。该应用软件随后可分析所读取的值并按剩余产品的量来解释它。然后该软件可向使用者提供输出，从而按数量或该包装件内的初始量的百分比来指示剩余产品的量，或所述输出可只是表明是补给产品的时候了。该软件可被编写成向使用者提供建议以按特定数量或百分比阈值来补给产品。该软件可利用询问器的网络通信能力以使得使用者能够连接到网络零售源以购买由网络零售商所提供的补给产品。该软件可搜索网络以识别出一组零售商，并且也可采集信息，诸如与每个零售商相关联的产品价格和装运选项。该软件可利用由使用者提供的或经由GPS或询问器的WiFi位置能力所获得的位置来识别出具有靠近使用者目前位置的位置的零售商，在所述位置可直接购买产品。
包括电传感器诸如用于电阻、电容、电感、或它们的组合的传感器的标签可设置成与产品接触以作为产品/包装件组合的一部分。该系统可被构造成感测产品的改变，诸如与架藏稳定性或产品的功效相关的改变，并且提供与产品的这种改变相关联的输出。
包括温度传感器的标签可结合在尿布内，使得在询问时，对存储器的传感器输出将模拟尿布穿着者的温度，所述尿布穿着者的温度将以数字方式存储在标签的存储器中。该应用软件可读取所存储的值并且按体温来解释它。相关联的值可由该应用软件连同如下其它可用数据一起存储起来：诸如日期、时间、位置、穿着者的图像、以及它们的组合。数据记录的集合可随着时间的推移积累起来并且用作对穿着者健康和保健状况的指示器。
包括耦合到存储器的化学或生物传感器的标签可结合在患者的衣服内，目的是检测与压力溃疡的发生相关联的环境因素。其它具有化学或生物传感器的标签可用于如下目的，诸如检测唾液中的代谢标记物、检测呼吸或唾液中的醇、检测空气样品中的恶臭化合物。
如图1所示，系统1000包括吸收制品300和询问器200。吸收制品300包括标签100和传感器110。标签100包括可移除部分105，所述可移除部分包括芯片130和天线140。询问器200包括传感器210、电源220、天线230、分析元件240、显示元件250和网络链路260。如图2所示，便携式电源400包括标签100和屏蔽物150。如图3所示，包装件500包括标签100。
本文所公开的量纲和值不应被理解为严格限于所引用的精确值。相反，除非另外指明，每个这样的量纲旨在表示所述值以及围绕该值功能上等同的范围。例如，所公开的量纲“40mm”旨在表示“约40mm”。
除非明确地不包括在内或换句话讲有所限制，本文所引用的每篇文献，包括任何交叉引用的或相关的专利或专利申请，均特此全文以引用方式并入本文。任何文献的引用不是对其作为本文所公开的或受权利要求书保护的任何发明的现有技术，或者其单独地或者与任何其它参考文献的任何组合，或者参考、提出、建议或公开任何此类发明的认可。此外，当本发明中术语的任何含义或定义与以引用方式并入的文件中相同术语的任何含义或定义矛盾时，应当服从在本发明中赋予该术语的含义或定义。
尽管举例说明和描述了本发明的特定实施例，但对本领域的技术人员来讲显而易见的是，在不脱离本发明的实质和范围的情况下可作出许多其它的改变和变型。因此，所附权利要求书旨在涵盖本发明范围内的所有这些改变和变型。

Claims (15)

1.一种传感器系统，包括标签，所述标签包括：第一部分，所述第一部分包括至少一个传感器，所述至少一个传感器适于响应于所述传感器的预定环境变化而从第一电状态转变至第二电状态，所述传感器具有至少一个输出端子；第二可移除部分，所述第二可移除部分包括：射频芯片，所述射频芯片包括存储元件、输入端子和输出端子，所述存储元件包括电存储包括至少一个位的二进制编码的词语，所述输入端子设置成与所述至少一个传感器的所述至少一个输出端子电连通并且电连通至存储器的至少一个位；第一天线，所述第一天线设置成与所述芯片的输出端子电连通。
2.根据权利要求1所述的传感器系统，其中所述传感器的所述至少一个输出端子设置成与所述存储器的多个位电连通。
3.根据权利要求1所述的传感器系统，还包括询问器，所述询问器包括电源和第二天线以及接收器，所述第二天线适于产生包括所述第一天线的谐振频率的电磁辐射，并且所述接收器适于检测电磁辐射并解调所检测到的辐射，从而从所检测到的辐射提取嵌入数据。
4.根据权利要求3所述的系统，其中所述询问器包括网络通信链路。
5.根据权利要求3所述的传感器系统，其中所述询问器包括传感器。
6.根据权利要求3所述的传感器系统，其中所述嵌入数据包括所述至少一个位的值。
7.根据权利要求3所述的传感器系统，其中所述询问器还包括：适于解释所提取的嵌入数据的分析元件和适于显示所述解释的结果的显示元件。
8.根据权利要求1所述的传感器系统，其中所述传感器选自：化学传感器、电传感器、生物传感器、机械传感器、以及它们的组合。
9.根据权利要求1所述的传感器系统，其中所述第一天线包括全方位天线。
10.根据权利要求1所述的传感器系统，还包括产品，其中所述标签构成所述产品的一部分。
11.根据权利要求10所述的传感器系统，还包括设置在所述天线和产品之间的电屏蔽物。
12.一种确定产品信息的方法，所述方法包括以下步骤：
提供至少一种包括标签的产品，所述标签包括第一部分，所述第一部分包括至少一个传感器，所述至少一个传感器适于响应于所述传感器的预定环境变化而从第一电状态转变至第二电状态，所述传感器具有至少一个输出端子；第二可移除部分，所述第二可移除部分包括：射频芯片，所述射频芯片包括存储元件、输入端子和输出端子，所述存储元件包括电存储包括至少一个位的二进制编码的词语，所述输入端子设置成与所述至少一个传感器的所述至少一个输出端子电连通并电连通至存储器的至少一个位；第一天线，所述第一天线设置成与所述芯片的输出端子电连通；
提供或已提供询问器，所述询问器适于检测与所述标签传感器的环境状态相关联的辐射；
询问所述标签的状态；
解释所述标签的状态；
提供与所述标签的所解释状态相关联的输出。
13.根据权利要求12所述的方法，其中提供询问器的步骤还包括提供包括网络通信链路的询问器，所述方法还包括通过网络共享与所述标签的状态相关联的数据的步骤。
14.根据权利要求12所述的方法，还包括通过所述网络从所述询问器传感器共享数据的步骤。
15.根据权利要求12所述的方法，还包括利用所述网络购买所述产品的单元的步骤。
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