CN104619604B - 用于容纳和分配固体药用药丸的容器 - Google Patents

用于容纳和分配固体药用药丸的容器 Download PDF

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CN104619604B
CN104619604B CN201380040346.8A CN201380040346A CN104619604B CN 104619604 B CN104619604 B CN 104619604B CN 201380040346 A CN201380040346 A CN 201380040346A CN 104619604 B CN104619604 B CN 104619604B
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I·帕兹
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61J—CONTAINERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR MEDICAL OR PHARMACEUTICAL PURPOSES; DEVICES OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR BRINGING PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS INTO PARTICULAR PHYSICAL OR ADMINISTERING FORMS; DEVICES FOR ADMINISTERING FOOD OR MEDICINES ORALLY; BABY COMFORTERS; DEVICES FOR RECEIVING SPITTLE
    • A61J7/00—Devices for administering medicines orally, e.g. spoons; Pill counting devices; Arrangements for time indication or reminder for taking medicine
    • A61J7/0015—Devices specially adapted for taking medicines
    • A61J7/0053—Syringes, pipettes or oral dispensers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61J—CONTAINERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR MEDICAL OR PHARMACEUTICAL PURPOSES; DEVICES OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR BRINGING PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS INTO PARTICULAR PHYSICAL OR ADMINISTERING FORMS; DEVICES FOR ADMINISTERING FOOD OR MEDICINES ORALLY; BABY COMFORTERS; DEVICES FOR RECEIVING SPITTLE
    • A61J7/00—Devices for administering medicines orally, e.g. spoons; Pill counting devices; Arrangements for time indication or reminder for taking medicine
    • A61J7/0076—Medicament distribution means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D83/00—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents
    • B65D83/04—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents for dispensing annular, disc-shaped, or spherical or like small articles, e.g. tablets or pills
    • B65D83/0409—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents for dispensing annular, disc-shaped, or spherical or like small articles, e.g. tablets or pills the dispensing means being adapted for delivering one article, or a single dose, upon each actuation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D83/00—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents
    • B65D83/04—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents for dispensing annular, disc-shaped, or spherical or like small articles, e.g. tablets or pills
    • B65D83/0445—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents for dispensing annular, disc-shaped, or spherical or like small articles, e.g. tablets or pills all the articles being stored in individual compartments
    • B65D83/0463—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents for dispensing annular, disc-shaped, or spherical or like small articles, e.g. tablets or pills all the articles being stored in individual compartments formed in a band or a blisterweb, inserted in a dispensing device or container
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61J—CONTAINERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR MEDICAL OR PHARMACEUTICAL PURPOSES; DEVICES OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR BRINGING PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS INTO PARTICULAR PHYSICAL OR ADMINISTERING FORMS; DEVICES FOR ADMINISTERING FOOD OR MEDICINES ORALLY; BABY COMFORTERS; DEVICES FOR RECEIVING SPITTLE
    • A61J1/00—Containers specially adapted for medical or pharmaceutical purposes
    • A61J1/03—Containers specially adapted for medical or pharmaceutical purposes for pills or tablets
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61J—CONTAINERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR MEDICAL OR PHARMACEUTICAL PURPOSES; DEVICES OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR BRINGING PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS INTO PARTICULAR PHYSICAL OR ADMINISTERING FORMS; DEVICES FOR ADMINISTERING FOOD OR MEDICINES ORALLY; BABY COMFORTERS; DEVICES FOR RECEIVING SPITTLE
    • A61J1/00—Containers specially adapted for medical or pharmaceutical purposes
    • A61J1/03—Containers specially adapted for medical or pharmaceutical purposes for pills or tablets
    • A61J1/035—Blister-type containers

Abstract

一种用于容纳固体药用药丸(108)和将固体药用药丸(108)直接分配到使用者的嘴中的容器(100)，该容器包含具有通向喷嘴出口(106)的存储室(104)的容纳件，该喷嘴出口的尺寸被设计为舒适地插入使用者的嘴唇之间，所述喷嘴出口被进一步提供有可移位的密封封口(112)，该密封封口具有通常闭合的位置，并且其中为了确保来自所述室的至少一片药丸的分配，所述封口从所述闭合的位置的移位由与所述喷嘴出口相互作用的使用者的嘴致动。

Description

用于容纳和分配固体药用药丸的容器
技术领域
本发明涉及受控药物管理的领域。特别地，本发明涉及药物分配器。更特别地，本发明涉及用于容纳和分配固体药用药丸的容器(receptacle)。
背景技术
在药丸被定期分配的医院和护理设施中的主要问题是药丸由医疗人员手动地带给患者，该患者然后手动地把它们吞下。不幸地是，接收药物的许多患者是昏昏沉沉的、颤抖的或虚弱的。在药丸的处理期间，患者可能掉下药丸，这将导致药丸被污染或者甚至丢失。
一般而言，医院中的另一个严重问题是麻醉性止痛药的分发控制，其中为了将药丸传递和/或销售给未被授权的使用者，患者被掌握(palm)药丸的人所知。
本发明的一个目的是通过提供用于容纳和分配固体药用药丸的容器来消除这些和其它相关的问题，其中所述容器被提供有分配装置，该分配装置被提供有可密封的分配封口，其中为了确保药丸的分配，封口从其密封的位置的移位由使用者的嘴致动。
由于本发明的独特容器被具体地设计并且仅将一个或更多片药丸直接分配到指定患者的嘴中，所以一旦药丸已经在指定患者的嘴中，不存在昏昏沉沉的、颤抖的或虚弱的患者掉下(一片或多片)药丸的危险以及将药丸传递和/或销售给未经授权的使用者的更少的危险。
存在用于容纳和分配固体药用药丸的现有技术装置，然而，它们全部具有与它们有关的困难或缺点。
Bennett的US 5259531公开了一种用于存储和分配药丸的容纳件(container)，该容纳件通过手动地操作杠杆来单独分配药丸。该容纳件采用具有用于容纳药丸的上部区域和分配药丸的下部区域的中空竖直圆筒。下部区域在其下端具有第一开口并且在其侧壁具有至少一个第二开口，所述第一开口适于通过其传递药丸。在使用中，首先需要用有待被分配的药丸填充上部区域。该容纳件然后被轻轻敲击或经历类似运动，并且上部区域中的一片药丸将被移动至与连接到杠杆的部分接合。当杠杆在其第一位置中时，该部分被放置在第三开口的下方，以便接收通过第三开口被传送到此的任何药丸。当杠杆在其第二位置中时，该部分被放置在第一开口的上方，以便将由该部分先前接收的任何药丸传送到第一开口，用于通过此处排出。
Bennett的容纳件可手动操作，这需要使用者从此处移除药丸并且经由他的手将药丸传送到他的嘴中。因此，昏昏沉沉的、颤抖的或虚弱的使用者可能掉下药丸、污染药丸并且甚至丢失药丸，如本文上面所描述的。
Schukmann的US 4402425公开了一种药片分配容纳件，其具有装载弹簧的滑动按钮和底部突起，所述按钮被操作以释放一片药片并且所述底部突起阻挡其它药片。用于单独药片的逐一分配的容纳件包含提供在存储室下方的容纳件的壁中的药片掉落开口和装载弹簧的滑块，所述滑块在开口的区域的前部行进并且在每种情况下释放药片中的一片使它能够掉下，该滑块与分配棘爪相关联，分配棘爪在滑块的按下位置通过致动按钮被继续朝向外侧，从而阻碍存储室的底部开口和药片掉落开口之间的路径。
类似于与Bennett的容纳件相关的缺点，Schukmann的容纳件并不意在使用者将药丸直接分配到他的嘴中而是到他的手中，从而潜在地导致药丸在吐下之前的污染或丢失。
额外的现有技术文件描述用于分配诸如药丸、药片等的固体药剂，所述额外的现有技术文件包括：US 5657901、FR 2637266、US 2007/114239、US 4354619、US 2004/124204、US 7147130、US 5850919、US 5018644、US 4653668、US 4744492、US 4784291和US6131765。然而，上面的专利文件没有解决与如本文上面描述的药丸分配相关联的问题。
IIzuka的JP 2008110158公开了一种吸入式药物传送装置，该药物传送装置具有主体、刺穿装置和接口管，该主体具有存储填充有药物的胶囊的存储室，刺穿装置在设置在主体的存储室中的胶囊中打孔，接口管将刺穿的胶囊的药物吸入通过与存储室连接的排放路径。主体由在两个位置具有开口的圆筒构件组成。接口管被提供在圆筒构件的一个开口1d中，并且通过诸如枢轴或铰链的连接部分可打开地与圆筒构件连接并且打开存储室的进口以在打开状态加载胶囊的盖构件被提供在圆筒构件的其它开口1e中。仅在吸入期间通过接口管允许外部空气被引入主体内的止回阀被设置在盖构件中。
IIzuka的装置允许使用者避免药丸的手动处理，然而该装置是个复杂的设计，其增加制造成本以及销售价格。此外，所述装置像许多吸入器一样被设计为传送来自胶囊的精细粉末而不是胶囊本身。
因此，本发明的主要目的是提供用于容纳和分配固体药用药丸的容器，该容器克服如本文上面部分中所描述的与现有技术相关联的困难和缺点。
此外，本发明的目的是提供用于在医院或护理设施中以及在家中容纳和分配固体药用药丸的容器。
本发明的又一目的是提供用于容纳和每次分配一片或更多片固体药用药丸的容器，无论何时，根据需要，所述容器与确保养生药丸的受控连续传送的类型的自动药物分配器结合使用。
本发明的另一目的是提供用于容纳和分配固体药用药丸的容器，该容器在药物到达患者之前阻止药物的污染或丢失。
本发明的又一目的是提供用于容纳和分配固体药用药丸的容器，该容器容易制造、成本低并且使用简单。
本发明的附加目的和优点将随描述的进行变得明显。
发明内容
根据本发明的一个优选实施例，公开一种用于容纳固体药用药丸和将固体药用药丸直接分配到使用者的嘴中的容器，该容器包含具有通向喷嘴出口的存储室的容纳件，该喷嘴出口的尺寸被设计以舒适地插入使用者的嘴唇之间。喷嘴出口被进一步提供有可移位的密封封口，该密封封口具有通常闭合的位置，其中为了确保来自室的至少一片药丸的分配，封口从闭合的位置的移位由与喷嘴出口相互作用的使用者的嘴致动。
为了确保来自室的至少一片药丸的分配，封口从闭合的位置的移位优选地由气压差致动，具体地，由使用者的嘴施加到喷嘴和封口的抽吸、吸气或呼气致动。
优选地，喷嘴的开口的内直径小于4cm，任选地小于3cm。
优选地，容器附加地包含进口，其用于将至少一片固体药用药丸引入室内以经由喷嘴出口分配。
根据一方面，进口被铰链式地附接到开口，该开口被提供在容纳件的表面中。根据另一方面，进口包含单向阀。根据另一实施例，进口包含由具有可重新密封地可打开的狭缝的半柔性材料覆盖的开口。
优选地，容器被提供有手柄，其用于以相对于使用者的嘴的分配关系引进且定位容器的喷嘴出口。
密封的封口优选地通过与在喷嘴出口内部提供的框架内接合而维持在其闭合的位置。优选地，密封封口被铰链式地附接到喷嘴内部提供的至少部分柔性的框架装置并且封口通过与柔性的框架内接合而保持维持在其闭合的位置。
至少部分柔性的框架优选地被提供有可由密封封口密封的开口，并且封口响应于框架的两侧之间的气压差而可移位的通过开口。
至少部分柔性的框架优选地被提供有可由密封封口密封的开口，并且封口可向内移位通过开口以朝向所述室将药丸插入其中并且可向外移位以朝向喷嘴出口将药丸分配到使用者的嘴。
在本发明的具体优选实施例中，容器被用于从所述室分配至少一片药丸，其中药丸的任何一个线性测量值在3mm和30mm之间。
容器优选地与自动的、受控的固体药用药丸分配器结合使用。
分配容器优选地被提供以与一体的外壳结合，其中一体的外壳可锁定至药丸分配器，并且一体的外壳和分配容器一起是一次性的，以确保分配器被多个连续患者连续使用，且新的一体的外壳和分配容器附接到分配器以用于每个连续患。
用于容纳和分配固体药用药丸的所公开的容器，其被提供以每次分配一片或更多片，无论何时，所述容器与药物分配器结合使用，所述药物分配器是能够根据需要以每种类型药丸的传送之间的预定的规定的最小时间间隔，将来自具有有待被分配的至少一列药丸的泡罩包类型的任何标准商业的平坦的多个药丸容纳包的养生药丸进行受控的连续传送的类型，该分配器包含：
a.接近入口，其尺寸被设计以接收至少一种这样的泡罩包并且将该包引导到至少一个马达驱动的泡罩包推进单元，推进单元进而顺序地将该包推入固定的药丸脱离(depilling)台，该台包含：
ⅰ.药丸检测装置；
ⅱ.泡罩包支撑物，其具有至少一个药丸接收孔，该药丸接收孔的尺寸被设计并且其被定位以接收泡罩包阵列中的不同尺寸、形状和间隔的药丸；和，
ⅲ.马达驱动的药丸脱离按压装置，其被定位为，在激活时，随着泡罩包被推进通过分配器内的固定的药丸脱离台，每次迫使一片药丸从其相应的泡罩经由所述孔通过泡罩的垫板；
b.药丸从孔进入的通道；和，
c.根据本发明的用于接收来自通道的药丸的分配容器。
任选地，所述可移位的密封封口由多个柔性活板(flap)形成。
任选地，所述柔性活板至少部分地重叠。
可替代地，所述可移位的密封封口由多条柔性丝状物形成。
任选地，所述喷嘴出口可释放地连接到所述容器。
在本发明的另一些实施例中，所述可释放的喷嘴出口是一次性的且是可移位的。
任选地，所述喷嘴出口被提供有止动表面，该止动表面以相对所述可移位的密封封口的前面的间隔关系被定位并且被向外地定位在所述可移位的密封封口的前面，所述止动表面被提供有至少一个空气孔，所述至少一个空气孔确保在使用者的嘴和所述封口之间的空气移位以打开孔，所述表面适于使药丸偏转离开所述封口并且碰到所述表面，所述喷嘴出口被进一步提供有开口，其被定位以在重力的影响下分配离开所述封口的药丸，而不管所述药丸是否到达所述止动表面以及所述药丸是否偏转。
虽然根据本发明的可移位的密封封口优选地由使用者将空气吹入容器内以迫使密封封口打开或施加通过脸颊动作或肺部动作产生的抽吸来激活以将封口朝向使用者拉开，可能具有其它替代的嘴激活的开口机构，如由使用者的嘴唇、齿或下巴的压力操作的机械闩锁、当呼吸被呼入容器中时使用者的呼吸温度的传感器、当所述呼吸被呼入容器中时由使用者的呼吸湿度激活的传感器或甚至由使用者的排出的呼吸的含量激活的二氧化碳传感器。
为了实现上面的目的以及相关的目的，可以以附图中示出的形式来体现本发明。对于详细具体的参考图，需要强调的是通过示例的方式示出细节并且仅为了本发明的优选实施例的示例性讨论的目的并且所述细节在提供被认为是最有用的并且易于理解本发明的原理和概念方面的描述的情况下被提出。就这一点而言，没有尝试比本发明的基本理解需要的更详细的示出本发明的细节，本描述连同附图使本发明的若干形式如何可以在实际中被体现对本领域技术人员来说是明显的。
附图说明
图1示出本发明的用于容纳和分配固体药用药丸的容器的横截面侧视图，该容器具有存储室内的药丸；
图2a和图2b示出向外朝向容器的开口枢转的出口封口(图2a)和向内朝向容器的存储室枢转的封口(图2b)；
图3示出容器的一个替代实施例，其中存储室包含进口和手柄，通过该进口一片或更多片药丸可插入，该手柄用于确保使用者握住容纳件以将容器引到靠近使用者的嘴并且将喷嘴出口定位在使用者的嘴内；
图4示出图3的容器的实施例，该容器进一步包含一体的外壳，其可锁定到自动的、受控的固体药丸药物分配器；
图5是根据以色列说明书号220794的药物分配器的前部透视图，其中本发明的容器被包含在其中；
图6示出本发明的用于容纳和分配固体药用药丸的容器的横截面侧视图，该容器具有在存储室内的药丸，其中可移位的密封封口由如图6a所示的至少部分地重叠的多个柔性活板形成；
图6b示出由多个柔性丝状物形成的密封封口；
图7示出本发明的用于容纳和分配固体药用药丸的容器的横截面侧视图，该容器具有在存储室内的药丸；以及
图7a和图7b是图7的容器的部分视图，其中喷嘴出口分别可释放地连接到所述容器和从所述容器分离，所述喷嘴出口被提供具有止动表面并且具有确保使用者的嘴和容器的封口之间的空气移位的空气孔，所述喷嘴出口被进一步提供有开口，该开口被定位以在重力的影响下分配离开所述封口的药丸。
具体实施方式
图1示出本发明的用于容纳和分配固体药用药丸的容器的一个优选实施例的横截面侧视图，并且其一般由数字100指定。容器100包含具有通向喷嘴出口106的存储室104的容纳件102。药丸108被示出定位在存储室104中。
喷嘴出口106以使得将喷嘴出口106舒适布置在使用者(未示出)的嘴唇之间的方式被成形和定尺寸。从而喷嘴出口106的开口110的内直径(d)小于4cm，优选地小于3cm，这也确保药丸108的现有通道通过喷嘴出口106的开口110并且阻止药丸从室的轻易手动移除。
图1中示出可移位的密封封口112的一个优选实施例，其具有通常闭合的位置。为确保，封口112从通常闭合的位置到能够分配来自存储室104的药丸的打开的位置的移位优选地由当与喷嘴出口106相互作用时的使用者的嘴致动，如本文下面进一步所描述的。
根据一个优选实施例，封口112通过与提供在喷嘴出口106内并且围绕封口112的框架114内接合而维持在其通常闭合的位置。封口112的一端113优选地铰链式地被附接到框架114的一端116，用于确保封口112选择性地向内朝向存储室104枢转并且向外朝向开口110枢转。
封口112的移位(即，枢转)经由使用者的嘴(如上面提到的)由气压差来致动，其中该差可以通过使用者的嘴产生的抽吸、吸气或呼气中的一个或更多个来产生。当使用者使用他的嘴产生抽吸或吸气时，封口112向外朝向开口110枢转(见图2a)，并且当使用者使用他的嘴产生呼气时，封口112向内朝向存储室104枢转(见图2b)。
附加地，对于随后嘴致动的分配，为了首先将一片或更多片药丸插入室104中，封口112的向内移位可以由推进器设备(未示出)来致动，该推进装置通过开口110被插入，用于在封口112上提供类似于通过由使用者的嘴产生的呼气压力提供的力。推进器设备可以是由手和朝向封口112的推力保持的窄的细长物体。当使用者期望咽下容纳在存储室104中的药丸108时，使用者的嘴通常用于致动封口112的移位。当使用者或药物分配者期望将药丸108插入存储室104中时，推进器设备通常用于致动封口112的移位。
参考图1，与封口112铰链式连接的框架114的那端116相对的框架114的端118至少由诸如橡胶或其它密封材料的柔性材料构成，用于在框架114和封口112之间提供密封的关系。优选地，框架114的全部内周边由柔性的密封材料构成。
在一个替代实施例中(未示出)，封口112的至少一端包含柔性密封材料，用于直接地提供与喷嘴出口106的内壁120的密封关系。
当在封口112向内或向外移位之后，将药丸108设置在存储室104中时，药丸108从容器100排出通过喷嘴出口106的开口110，直接到达使用者的嘴中。因此，避免了由处理药丸的不稳定的人造成的潜在问题。附加地，污染之后的未经授权的麻醉性止痛药经由与使用者的嘴接触的销售或传递的机会被极大地减小。
一旦使用者停止使用他的嘴抽吸、吸气或呼气，封口112以相反方向枢转并且返回至通常闭合的位置。类似地，当推进器设备在被用于向内地移位封口112之后从喷嘴出口106移除，封口112以相反方向枢转并且返回至通常闭合的位置。
根据本发明的一个优选实施例，存储室104的壁122被密封以使将药丸插入其中的唯一方法是通过喷嘴出口106。
根据一个替代实施例，如图3所见，存储室204的壁222a包含一片或更多片药丸108通过其可插入的单向陷门(trap)224。单向陷门224确保药丸进入存储室204并减小药丸通过其离开的机会。在一个替代的方面中，进口包含由例如包含狭缝的半柔性材料覆盖的开口(未示出)。药丸通过使用者提供用于将药丸推进通过狭缝的推力可以进入存储室，但由于使药丸穿过狭缝的足够大的推力不能从存储室内产生，药丸不能通过狭缝离开存储室。在又一个进一步替代的方面中，进口包含由第二封口覆盖的开口(未示出)，其中第二封口在其一端处被铰链式地附接到开口的一端。
根据一个实施例，如图3所示，容器200附加地包含手柄226，该手柄用于确保使用者握住容纳件202并且用于在分配关系中将容器200引到靠近使用者的嘴并且将喷嘴出口206定位在使用者的嘴内。然而，在一个替代实施例中，容器200不包含手柄(未示出)。因此，当使用者期望接收来自容器200的药丸时，根据需要他通过直接握住容纳件202手动地定位容器200。
在一个优选实施例中，容器200与自动的、受控的固体药丸药物分配器结合使用，例如，由与本发明的相同的发明人在以色列专利申请IL220794中描述的药物分配器，其公开内容通过引用被完全地并入本文。
参考图4，容器200被进一步提供与一体的外壳228结合，所述外壳可锁定至以色列专利申请IL220794中描述的药丸分配器。为了确保药丸分配器被多个连续患者连续使用，容器200和外壳228两者是一次性的，其中新的容器200和外壳228被提供到药丸分配器以用于每个连续患者。
因此，本发明的一个优选实施例进一步包含用于容纳和每次分配一片或更多片固体药用药丸的容器200，当与以色列专利申请IL220794中描述的类型的药丸分配器结合使用时，其根据需要以每种类型药丸的传送之间的预定的规定的最小时间间隔，将来自具有有待被分配的两列和多行药丸的泡罩包类型的任何标准商业的平坦的多个药丸容纳包的养生药丸进行受控的连续传送。
药丸分配器包含接近入口，该接近入口的尺寸被设计以接收任何这样的泡罩包中的至少一个并且将泡罩包引导到至少一对马达驱动的驱动轮，该驱动轮进而连续地将泡罩包推进到固定的药丸脱离台。该药丸脱离台包含药丸检测装置；泡罩包支撑物，其具有两个分隔开的药丸接收孔，每个孔的尺寸被设计并且其被定位以接收泡罩包阵列中不同尺寸、形状和间隔的药丸；和马达驱动的药丸脱离按压装置，其被定位成，在激活时，随着泡罩包被推进通过分配器内的固定的药丸脱离台，每次迫使一片药丸从其相应的泡罩经由所述孔中的一个通过泡罩的垫板。
分配器进一步包含通道和分配容器，药丸从孔进入该通道，该分配容器用于接收来自该通道的药丸。
现参考图5，看到药物分配器300的前透视图，其中外部壳体被移除以示出分配器的内部部件，分配器包含如图3所见的本发明的容器200。更具体地，看到分配器300包含接近入口302，泡罩包304通过该接近入口302被插入。优选地，泡罩包304是双阵泡罩包类型的标准商业的平坦的多药丸容纳包，具有两列和多行药丸306。授权的医疗人员手动地将泡罩包304插入通过接近入口302直到泡罩包304的远侧边缘305通过一对马达驱动的驱动轮308a被接收，优选地，该驱动轮为正齿轮。
在一个优选实施例中，存在用于将泡罩包304朝向药丸脱离台312推进的第二对驱动轮310a、310b。
仍然参考图5，驱动轮308a、308b和310a、310b沿着泡罩包支撑装置的中心纵向轴线被纵向地定位，优选地包含沿着泡罩包304被运送的表面314。上部轮308a、310a位于表面314上方，而下部轮308b、310b位于表面314下方。为了观察下部轮308b、310b，图5中示出的表面314被部分切去。表面314中的纵向间隔开的开口316确保轮齿309a、309b和311a、311b啮合。
结合图4参考图3，图3示出药丸脱离台312和通道332a、332b，并且图4示出表面314、泡罩包304、通道332a、332b和一个药丸脱离装置326，其中为了清楚，分配器的其它部件被移除。
随着泡罩包304到达药丸脱离台312，药丸检测装置(未示出)包含具有例如，IR、激光源和检测器或位于泡罩包304的相对纵向侧上的任何其它检测系统的传感器系统以确定至少一片药丸是否存在于药丸的第一行中。如果存在至少一片药丸，则药丸脱离台312的至少一个药丸脱离装置326被激活，用于每次迫使一片药丸从其泡罩离开泡罩包304的平坦的衬垫，通过表面314的药丸接收孔(未示出)。
在操作中，例如，一旦确定药丸脱离装置326被定位在容纳药丸306的泡罩之上，药丸脱离马达被致动并且药丸脱离装置326被降低，从而将药丸306推出其泡罩通过药丸接收孔(未示出)进入通道332a，该通道经由每次仅允许一片药丸穿过其中的单向阀(未示出)通向本发明的药丸分配容器200。如图3和图4所见，优选地，容器200被提供有用于确保使用者操作容器的手柄226。
参考图6和图6a，示出本发明的用于容纳和分配来自存储室404的固体药用药丸408的容器400，其中图6a示出的可移位的密封封口412由至少部分地重叠的多个柔性活板413形成。
参考图6b，其示出一个替代实施例，其中密封封口412由多个柔性丝状物415形成。
现参考图7、图7a和图7b，分别看到本发明的容器500的横截面视图和两个部分视图，其中喷嘴出口506分别可释放地连接到容器500(如图7a所见)，并且从所述容器500分离(如图7b所示)。在这个实施例中，所述喷嘴出口506被提供有以相对于所述可移位的密封封口512的间隔关系定位的止动表面507，并且止动表面507被向外地定位在所述可移位的密封封口512的前面，所述止动表面被提供有空气孔509，空气孔509确保在使用者的嘴和所述封口512之间的空气的移位以打开孔，所述表面507适于使药丸508偏转离开所述封口并且碰到所述表面507，所述喷嘴出口506被进一步提供有开口511，其被定位成在重力的影响下分配离开所述封口的药丸508，而不管所述药丸是否到达所述止动表面507以及所述药丸是否被偏转。
应当理解的是，本发明的实施例的以上描述仅用于说明性的目的，并不意味着是详尽的或将本发明限制于精确的形式或所公开的形式，因为许多修改和变体是可能的。这样的修改和变体意图被包括在如由随附的权利要求所限定的本发明的范围内。

Claims (22)

1.一种用于容纳和分配固体药用药丸的容器，该容器能够将所述固体药用药丸直接分配到使用者的嘴中，其特征在于，所述容器包含具有通向喷嘴出口的存储室的容纳件，所述喷嘴出口的尺寸被设计为舒适地插入使用者的嘴唇之间，所述喷嘴出口被进一步提供有可移位的密封封口，所述密封封口具有通常闭合的位置，其中为确保来自所述室的至少一片药丸的分配，所述封口从所述闭合的位置的移位由所述使用者的嘴与所述喷嘴出口相互作用致动，并且其中为确保来自所述室的至少一片药丸的分配，所述封口从所述闭合的位置的移位由气压差致动。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于容纳和分配固体药用药丸的容器，其中为确保来自所述室的至少一片药丸的分配，所述封口从所述闭合的位置的移位由所述使用者的嘴施加到所述喷嘴和所述封口的抽吸致动。
3.根据权利要求1所述的用于容纳和分配固体药用药丸的容器，其中为确保来自所述室的至少一片药丸的分配，所述封口从所述闭合的位置的移位由所述使用者的嘴施加到所述喷嘴和所述封口的吸气致动。
4.根据权利要求1所述的用于容纳和分配固体药用药丸的容器，其中为确保来自所述室的至少一片药丸的分配，所述封口从所述闭合的位置的移位由所述使用者的嘴施加到所述喷嘴和所述封口的呼气致动。
5.根据权利要求1所述的用于容纳和分配固体药用药丸的容器，其中所述喷嘴的开口的内直径小于4cm。
6.根据权利要求1所述的用于容纳和分配固体药用药丸的容器，附加地包含进口，其用于将至少一片固体药用药丸引入所述室内以经由所述喷嘴出口分配。
7.根据权利要求6所述的用于容纳和分配固体药用药丸的容器，其中所述进口被铰链式地附接到开口，所述开口被提供在所述容纳件的表面中。
8.根据权利要求6所述的用于容纳和分配固体药用药丸的容器，其中所述进口包含单向阀。
9.根据权利要求6所述的用于容纳和分配固体药用药丸的容器，其中所述进口包含由具有可重新密封地可打开的狭缝的半柔性材料覆盖的开口。
10.根据权利要求6所述的用于容纳和分配固体药用药丸的容器，无论何时，所述容器与自动的、受控的固体药丸药物分配器结合使用。
11.根据权利要求1所述的用于容纳和分配固体药用药丸的容器，其中所述容器被提供有手柄，其用于以相对于所述使用者的嘴的分配关系引进且定位所述容器的所述喷嘴出口。
12.根据权利要求1所述的用于容纳和分配固体药用药丸的容器，其中所述密封封口通过与框架内接合被维持在其闭合的位置，所述框架被提供在所述喷嘴出口的里面。
13.根据权利要求1所述的用于容纳和分配固体药用药丸的容器，其中所述密封封口被铰链式地附接到至少部分柔性的框架装置，所述框架装置被提供在所述喷嘴的里面，并且所述封口通过与所述柔性的框架内接合被维持在其闭合的位置。
14.根据权利要求13所述的用于容纳和分配固体药用药丸的容器，其中所述至少部分柔性的框架被提供有可由所述密封封口密封的开口，并且所述封口响应于在所述框架的两侧之间的气压差而可移位通过所述开口。
15.根据权利要求13所述的用于容纳和分配固体药用药丸的容器，其中所述至少部分柔性的框架被提供有可由所述密封封口密封的开口，并且所述封口可向内移位通过所述开口以朝向所述室将药丸插入其中，并且所述封口可向外移位以朝向所述喷嘴出口将药丸分配到所述使用者的嘴。
16.根据权利要求1所述的用于容纳和分配固体药用药丸的容器，无论何时，所述容器用于分配来自所述室的至少一片药丸时，所述药丸的任何一个线性测量值在3mm和30mm之间。
17.根据权利要求1所述的用于容纳和分配固体药用药丸的容器，其中所述可移位的密封封口由多个柔性活板形成。
18.根据权利要求17所述的用于容纳和分配固体药用药丸的容器，其中所述柔性活板至少部分地重叠。
19.根据权利要求1所述的用于容纳和分配固体药用药丸的容器，其中所述可移位的密封封口由多个柔性丝状物形成。
20.根据权利要求1所述的用于容纳和分配固体药用药丸的容器，其中所述喷嘴出口可释放地连接到所述容器。
21.根据权利要求20所述的用于容纳和分配固体药用药丸的容器，其中所述可释放的喷嘴出口是一次性的且是可移位的。
22.根据权利要求1所述的用于容纳和分配固体药用药丸的容器，其中所述喷嘴出口被提供有止动表面，所述止动表面以相对于所述可移位的密封封口的间隔关系被定位并且向外地被定位在所述可移位的密封封口的前面，所述止动表面被提供有空气孔，所述空气孔确保在所述使用者的嘴和所述封口之间的空气的移位以打开孔，所述表面适于使药丸偏转离开所述封口并且碰到所述表面，所述喷嘴出口被进一步提供有开口，其被定位以在重力的影响下分配离开所述封口的药丸。
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JP6392223B2 (ja) 2018-09-19
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