CN104541915A - Fruit and vegetable interplanting method - Google Patents
Fruit and vegetable interplanting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104541915A CN104541915A CN201510041837.5A CN201510041837A CN104541915A CN 104541915 A CN104541915 A CN 104541915A CN 201510041837 A CN201510041837 A CN 201510041837A CN 104541915 A CN104541915 A CN 104541915A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
Abstract
The invention relates to a fruit and vegetable interplanting method, in particular to a method for planting vetch and loquat jointly on a mountain slope forest land. The fruit and vegetable interplanting method specifically includes steps of transforming the mountain slope forest land, planting the loquat and the vetch, trimming and fertilizing the loquat, culturing seedlings of the vetch, and fertilizing, irrigating and cultivating the vetch. By the above technical scheme, output and quality of the vetch can be remarkably improved, the vetch can be harvested each year after first three years, the interplanted loquat is high in year and agricultural economic benefits are increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural production, be specifically related to the method for a kind of fruits and vegetables interplanting.
Background technology
Common vetch dish, the purple dustpan of formal name used at school, belongs to perennial pteridophyte, has exist widely in mountain area, Dabie Mountain.Containing the various trace elements such as rich in protein, vitamin and potassium, calcium, squama in common vetch dish, common vetch dish not only can be made into delicious dish, have more the effects such as anticancer, heat-clearing, removing toxic substances, fat-reducing, beauty treatment, to the virus such as influenza, encephalitis B, there is obvious inhibitory action simultaneously, be long-term outlet, be in great demand overseas vegetables, is particularly exported to Japan.
At present, common vetch dish is field acquisition mostly, although also there is local experiment artificial planting, it yields poorly, and the common vetch dish stem of collection is thin, poor quality, and to pluck after one, two year common vetch dish will withered or no longer bract bud.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is just to provide the method for a kind of fruits and vegetables interplanting, and it can effectively solve the problem, and the output of common vetch dish is high, and common vetch dish is sturdy, and quality better can be plucked for a long time, can not the underproduction.
For achieving the above object, present invention employs following technical scheme:
A method for fruits and vegetables interplanting, refers to the method at forest land, hillside joint implant common vetch dish and loquat, specifically comprises following operating procedure:
S1: become staged by whole for forest land, hillside, each planting site behind whole ground is offered along the contour on hillside respectively, domatic outside between adjacent planting site adopts stone to pile the ridge of building a dam, ditch is offered in the middle part of each planting site, ditch along the length direction of planting site offer and in ditch along its length interval compartment is set, ditch is separated into each tank by compartment, the two ends compartment of each tank arranges first respectively, the second-rate mouth of a river, cell wall outside tank is offered the 3rd flowing water mouth, the height and first of the 3rd flowing water mouth on same tank, the height of flowing water mouth highly less in the second-rate mouth of a river is consistent, compartment on adjacent ditch and the 3rd flowing water mouth are arranged in interleaved shape respectively, the ditch, top in forest land, hillside is connected with water supply installation, the upper outside of Ba Geng is provided with the sparge pipe of horizontal shape layout, the pipe shaft of sparge pipe is arranged at intervals with hole for water spraying/shower nozzle, the sidewall of the oblique sensing in the water outlet direction Ba Geng of hole for water spraying/shower nozzle, planting site is divided into the first planting site be positioned at inside ditch and the second planting site be positioned at outside ditch by ditch, first planting site adopts improvement soil to fill out whole forming, improvement soil is dry land soil, peat soil and fiery loam obtain according to the weight ratio mixed preparing of 0.5:1:0.2 ~ 0.8:1:0.4, the paddy soils of dry land soil for getting after 3 ~ June of paddy field draining dry field, do not sow crop during dry field and dig 2 ~ 3 times, fire loam is stalk, tree branches and leaves, the fire ash that weeds burn till obtains according to the weight ratio mixed preparing of 1:2 ~ 3 with forest land soil (native country in forest land, hillside),
S2: autumn Mo in the first year excavates the dark planting hole of 0.6m in the second planting site, 1.5kg weeds are thrown in planting hole, then 0.2kg lime is used, 2.0kg poultry muck, the compacting of 1.0kg cake fertilizer, covering with plastic film becomes thoroughly decomposed, become thoroughly decomposed the liftoff film of recession, fertilizer in planting hole is stirred and spreads, winter Mo in the first year or the loquat sapling downgraded of planting in planting hole at the beginning of the spring then, irrigate with water, loquat pumping young sprout turns the green rare rich water interval of aging rear one-level and waters fertile twice then, water interval 20d between fertilizer for twice, containing 2% urea and 0.5% potassium chloride in the rare rich water of one-level, spring, summer, autumn, winter takes out slightly secondary respectively, Post flowering carries out flower thinning, in autumn in the same year the common vetch dish seedling of artificial propagation/wild planted at first kind and locate interval bottom the next-door neighbour ridge, dam on the ground and plant, and pour water in ditch, and water surface elevation in ditch is lower than the ground level 12 ~ 17cm of the first planting site, stop after the Frost's Descent irrigating and at earth's surface bedding one deck leaf of the first planting site,
S3: Second Year starts after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term) to irrigate, and 4 ~ May, common vetch dish started bract bud, what after bract bud, night every day opened that hole for water spraying/shower nozzle carries out 3 ~ 5min spreads spray/spray painting, and bract bud First Year is not plucked common vetch dish; Loquat young sprout in spring turns the green rare rich water interval of aging rear secondary and waters fertile twice, water interval 20d between fertilizer for twice, containing 5% urea and 1% potassium chloride in the rare rich water of secondary, loquat to be pruned and tie rod makes loquat tree crown be globular model, angle between major branch and mobile jib is 50 ~ 55 °, Post flowering carries out flower thinning, Second Year Fertilizer In Autumn a barnyard manure and composite fertilizer, the applied amount of barnyard manure is 500 ~ 800kg/ mu, and the applied amount of composite fertilizer is 200 ~ 250kg/ mu; Second Year early August broadcasts sowing perennial ryegrass on first and second planting site, before ryegrass seed sowing, every 1kg seed adds 2kg bacillus subtilis GB03 bacterium liquid and 1.5g pak-chor 4 ~ 4.5h, bacillus subtilis GB03 bacterium liquid be bacillus subtilis GB03 mother liquor dilute 10 times formulated, OD in bacillus subtilis GB03 mother liquor
600be 0.8 ~ 1.0, after seed soaking, ryegrass seed and 8kg fused calcium magnesium phosphate, 10kg fire loam are mixed and are all broadcasted sowing, the mu amount of broadcasting sowing of ryegrass seed is 0.8kg, Ryegrass Growth is to carrying out first time harvesting during plant height 40 ~ 45cm as farming animals herbage, toothing 5 ~ 8cm during first time harvesting, promote that perennial ryegrass tillers and regenerates, perennial ryegrass regrow to carry out aftercrop during plant height 35 ~ 40cm and by harvesting herbage and leaf bedding on the earth's surface of first and second planting site, toothing 1 ~ 3cm during aftercrop, stops after the Frost's Descent irrigating;
S4: from the 3rd year, be repeated below operation every year: start after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term) to irrigate, and 3, April applies once to help bud fertile to common vetch dish, what after bract bud, night every day opened that hole for water spraying/shower nozzle carries out 3 ~ 5min spreads spray/spray painting, 4 ~ May plucks 3 ~ 4 times common vetch dish, loquat new life slightly turned the green aging rare rich water interval of rear use three grades and watered fertile twice spring Mo, water interval 20d between fertilizer for twice, containing 8% urea and 1.5% potassium chloride in three grades of rare rich water, loquat is pruned and tie rod, the angle between newborn major branch and mobile jib is made to be 50 ~ 55 °, Post flowering carries out flower thinning, pluck really and use a barnyard manure and composite fertilizer autumn respectively, each applied amount of barnyard manure is 500 ~ 800kg/ mu, each applied amount of composite fertilizer is 200 ~ 250kg/ mu, Second Year early August broadcasts sowing perennial ryegrass on first and second planting site, before ryegrass seed sowing, every 1kg seed adds 2kg bacillus subtilis GB03 bacterium liquid and 1.5g pak-chor 4 ~ 4.5h, bacillus subtilis GB03 bacterium liquid be bacillus subtilis GB03 mother liquor dilute 10 times formulated, OD in bacillus subtilis GB03 mother liquor
600be 0.8 ~ 1.0, after seed soaking, ryegrass seed and 8kg fused calcium magnesium phosphate, 10kg fire loam are mixed and are all broadcasted sowing, the mu amount of broadcasting sowing of ryegrass seed is 0.8kg, Ryegrass Growth is to carrying out first time harvesting during plant height 40 ~ 45cm as farming animals herbage, toothing 5 ~ 8cm during first time harvesting, promote that perennial ryegrass tillers and regenerates, perennial ryegrass regrow to carry out aftercrop during plant height 35 ~ 40cm and by harvesting herbage and leaf bedding on the earth's surface of first and second planting site, toothing 1 ~ 3cm during aftercrop, stop after the Frost's Descent irrigating, help bud fertilizer to obtain for fiery loam and people's retention of urine liquid/urea mixed preparing.
The plantation of common vetch dish, topmost is exactly the control of liquid manure, and the happiness of common vetch dish happiness water is cloudy, but also water funk flood, and very harsh to soil for growth.The present invention is by the transformation in forest land, above-mentioned hillside, the irrigation system that ditch is formed, forest land, the irrigation of uniform fluid flow whole hillside can be made, water lev el control simultaneously in ditch lower than first planting site earth's surface 12 ~ 17cm, ensure that the happiness water of common vetch dish is irrigated and there will not be waterlogging, common vetch dish is planted bottom the ridge, dam, to to get well more than level land planting effect, common vetch dish is by the impact of Ba Geng, the new cauline leaf sent out is grown to away from Ba Geng side, the plant hormone in it is made to stimulate root to sprout more gemma, improve output, the setting of Ba Geng simultaneously, first kind can be made to plant ground side's current does not penetrate in ditch from the trickling of the earth's surface of the first planting site from its underpart, prevent the waterlogging of common vetch dish, in addition, stone piles the Ba Geng built, fixation can be played at the initial stage of forest land transformation, preventing came down during rainy season causes forest land, hillside to be ruined, hole for water spraying/shower nozzle sprayed in short-term at night, Simulated rainwater sky, made the sparse spray of part rainwater on common vetch dish bud, promoted the growth of common vetch dish bud, made common vetch dish bud more sturdy, the improvement soil of above-mentioned preparation simultaneously, support in acidity and fertilizer the best demand more grown with common vetch dish to match, make common vetch dish more sturdy, perennial ryegrass can vegetate in the soil property of the first planting site in addition, perennial ryegrass, the leaf of harvesting cover, and common vetch dish can be survived the winter better, ensure that common vetch dish to germinate spore the coming year, perennial ryegrass, leaf rot and help the applying of bud fertilizer can be good at supplementary first planting site fertility and regulate acidity, common vetch dish can both be plucked every year.
In addition, adopt the loquat of such scheme plantation, survival rate 100%, loquat is all greenery throughout the year, forms the fence sheltered from heat or light in the periphery of common vetch dish, ensures that common vetch dish is to the demand of growing environment, shortens the cycle of whole forest land transformation simultaneously.In addition, the joint implant of loquat and common vetch dish, can improve the economic benefit of growing vegetables.The loquat sapling downgraded directly can be bought from nursery factory and obtain, can grow into forest fast, simultaneously, the fertilizer become thoroughly decomposed in advance can ensure that loquat sapling is to the demand of nutrient and prevent from fertilizer from becoming thoroughly decomposed being burnt to death by sapling root system, the fertilising changed year by year, also the growth demand according to loquat sapling Different periods sets, loquat First Year protects to survive, low concentration fertilizer is needed to water fertile and whole flower thinning, Second Year protects strong sprout, in needs, concentration fertilizer waters the fertile flower with removing 90%, 3rd year and be later protect output, higher concentration fertilizer is needed to water the fertile flower with removing 20 ~ 30%.In addition, the loquat of dwarfing, reduction loquat flower thinning, fruit thinning, bagging, the labour intensity of gathering, meanwhile, ensure rationally sheltering from heat or light of common vetch dish.
Certainly, independent the played Main Function of the above-mentioned just each factor of simple elaboration, by the mutual coordinative role of each factor, make common vetch dish all can carry out the harvesting of high yield every year, and the common vetch dish plucked is sturdy, quality better.
Detailed scheme is:
The height of Ba Geng is 60 ~ 80cm, it is 30 ~ 35cm that improvement soil fills out whole thickness, the downside that improvement soil fills out flood is provided with sandy soils, extends in sandy soils bottom the ridge, dam, and the ground level of the second planting site is higher than the ground level 20 ~ 25cm of the first planting site.Can plant at second kind after Second Year and on the ground plant tea tree, tea tree is positioned at the inner side of loquat and interval-staggered with loquat.Improvement soil is that dry land soil, peat soil and fiery loam obtain according to the weight ratio mixed preparing of 0.5:1:0.2, helps bud fertilizer to be that 50kg fire loam and the preparation of 10L people's retention of urine liquid obtain.Downgrading loquat branch also in great numbers, just as forming a hedge hurdle in the outside in ditch, now planting larger tea seedling within it, tea tree happiness is cloudy, can be good at growth, and many crop interplantings, improve whole economic benefit.
Technique scheme can significantly improve the yield and quality of common vetch dish, and the 3rd year can both pluck common vetch dish afterwards every year, and the loquat simultaneously planted also can realize high yield, improves the economic well-being of workers and staff of peasant.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The structural representation in ditch is offered on Fig. 1 is domatic;
Fig. 2 is domatic sectional schematic diagram.
Embodiment
In order to make objects and advantages of the present invention clearly understand, below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is specifically described.Should be appreciated that following word only in order to describe one or more concrete embodiments of the present invention, considered critical is not carried out to the protection domain that the present invention specifically asks.
Following embodiment 1 ~ 2 is carried out in the cool breeze farm of Yuexi County Hong Sheng agricultural science and technology Co., Ltd, gemma refers to and the common vetch dish root and stem of certain plants sends tender white gemma, gemma is plucked after growing up to common vetch dish, loose stool water behaviour retention of urine liquid and 2 times of water mixed preparing obtain, and urea water is that 100 ~ 200g urea and the preparation of 1L water obtain.The concrete amount of application of fertilizer do not clearly not stated in following embodiment 1,2, those skilled in the art can use in right amount according to the effect of fertilizer and use age, ensure reliably planting of crops, in addition, in whole planting process, all need to carry out weeding every year, loosen the soil, the operation such as desinsection.In the present invention if no special instructions, the percentage of component is mass concentration.
Embodiment 1
Hold fire line successfully in forest land, selected hillside and carry out refining mountain, fine day is selected to grill thoroughly burned for ground, by tree root behind burning ground, the grass root and stem of certain plants is rooted out, staged is become by whole for forest land, hillside, each planting site 11 behind whole ground is offered along the contour on hillside respectively, domatic outside between adjacent planting site 11 adopts stone to pile the ridge 12 of building a dam, ditch 13 is offered in the middle part of each planting site 11, ditch 13 along the length direction of planting site 11 offer and in ditch 13 along its length interval compartment 131 is set, ditch 13 is separated into each tank by compartment 131, the two ends compartment 131 of each tank arranges first respectively, the second-rate mouth of a river 132, cell wall outside tank is offered the 3rd flowing water mouth 133, the height and first of the 3rd flowing water mouth 133 on same tank, the height of flowing water mouth highly less in the second-rate mouth of a river 132 is consistent (if the height at the first-class mouth of a river is lower than the height at the second mouth of a river, then the height of the 3rd flowing water mouth 133 is consistent with the height at the first-class mouth of a river), compartment 131 on adjacent ditch 13 is arranged in interleaved shape, the 3rd flowing water mouth 133 on adjacent ditch 13 is arranged in interleaved shape, the ditch, top 13 in forest land, hillside is connected with water supply installation, the upper outside on the ridge, dam 12 is provided with the sparge pipe 14 of horizontal shape layout, the pipe shaft of sparge pipe 14 is arranged at intervals with hole for water spraying, the sidewall on the ridge, oblique sensing dam, water outlet direction 12 of hole for water spraying, planting site 11 is divided into the first planting site 111 be positioned at inside ditch 13 and the second planting site 112 be positioned at outside ditch 13 by ditch 13, first planting site 111 adopts improvement soil to fill out whole forming, improvement soil is dry land soil, peat soil and fiery loam obtain according to the weight ratio mixed preparing of 0.5:1:0.2, the paddy soils of dry land soil for getting after 3 ~ June of paddy field draining dry field, do not sow crop during dry field and dig 2 ~ 3 times, fire loam is stalk, tree branches and leaves, the fire ash that weeds burn till obtains according to the weight ratio mixed preparing of 1:2 with forest land soil, the height on the ridge, dam 12 is 60 ~ 80cm, it is 30 ~ 35cm that improvement soil fills out whole thickness, the downside that improvement soil fills out flood is provided with sandy soils 15, extend in sandy soils 15 bottom the ridge, dam 12, the width of the first planting site 111 is 30 ~ 40cm, the width of the second planting site 112 is 1 ~ 1.2m, and the ground level of the second planting site is higher than the ground level 20 ~ 25cm of the first planting site,
Autumn Mo in the first year plants in 112 ground at second kind and excavates the dark planting hole of 0.6m, 1.5kg weeds are thrown in planting hole, then 0.2kg lime is used, 2.0kg poultry muck, the compacting of 1.0kg cake fertilizer, covering with plastic film becomes thoroughly decomposed, become thoroughly decomposed the liftoff film of recession, fertilizer in planting hole is stirred and spreads, winter Mo in the first year or the loquat sapling 11b downgraded that plants in planting hole at the beginning of the spring then, irrigate with water, loquat pumping young sprout turns the green rare rich water interval of aging rear one-level and waters fertile twice then, water interval 20d between fertilizer for twice, containing 2% urea and 0.5% potassium chloride in the rare rich water of one-level, spring, summer, autumn, winter takes out slightly secondary respectively, Post flowering is all extractd, in autumn in the same year the common vetch dish seedling 11a of artificial propagation is close on the first planting site 111 and locates interval bottom the ridge, dam 12 and plant, the width of planting hole is 20 ~ 25 centimetres, size is 20 × 20cm, plant by spacing in the rows 15cm, during transplanting, common vetch dish seedling 11a answers transplantation with soil, do not hinder root system, normal root water is watered after cultivation, and pour water in ditch 13, and water surface elevation in ditch 13 is lower than the ground level 12 ~ 17cm of the first planting site 111, stop after the Frost's Descent irrigating and at earth's surface bedding one deck leaf of the first planting site 111, the leaf that Za Shu can be selected to descend slowly and lightly and pine needle carry out bedding,
Second Year starts after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term) to irrigate, and 4 ~ May, common vetch dish started bract bud, and what after bract bud, night every day opened that hole for water spraying carries out 3 ~ 5min spreads spray, and undertaken topdressing carrying seedling by loose stool water or urea water before gemma and after gemma, bract bud First Year is not plucked common vetch dish; Loquat young sprout in spring turns the green rare rich water interval of aging rear secondary and waters fertile twice, water interval 20d between fertilizer for twice, containing 5% urea and 1% potassium chloride in the rare rich water of secondary, loquat 11b to be pruned and tie rod makes that loquat 11b is preced with in globular model, angle between major branch and mobile jib is 50 ~ 55 °, tie rod uses soft rope to leave behind along the reverse direction of shoot growth, the bamboo let that the other end ground of soft rope plugs is fixed, angle between adjustment major branch and trunk is 50 ~ 55 °, after branch is shaping, soft rope is taken off; Post flowering removes the flower of 90%, Second Year Fertilizer In Autumn a barnyard manure and composite fertilizer, and the applied amount of barnyard manure is 500 ~ 800kg/ mu, and the applied amount of composite fertilizer is 200 ~ 250kg/ mu; Second Year early August broadcasts sowing perennial ryegrass on first and second planting site, before ryegrass seed sowing, every 1kg seed adds 2kg bacillus subtilis GB03 bacterium liquid and 1.5g pak-chor 4 ~ 4.5h, bacillus subtilis GB03 bacterium liquid be bacillus subtilis GB03 mother liquor dilute 10 times formulated, OD in bacillus subtilis GB03 mother liquor
600be 0.8 ~ 1.0, after seed soaking, ryegrass seed and 8kg fused calcium magnesium phosphate, 10kg fire loam are mixed and are all broadcasted sowing, the mu amount of broadcasting sowing of ryegrass seed is 0.8kg, Ryegrass Growth is to carrying out first time harvesting during plant height 40 ~ 45cm as farming animals herbage, toothing 5 ~ 8cm during first time harvesting, promote that perennial ryegrass tillers and regenerates, perennial ryegrass regrow to carry out aftercrop during plant height 35 ~ 40cm and by harvesting herbage and leaf bedding on the earth's surface of first and second planting site, toothing 1 ~ 3cm during aftercrop, stops after the Frost's Descent irrigating;
From the 3rd year, be repeated below operation every year: start after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term) to irrigate, and 3, April applies once to help bud fertile to common vetch dish, undertaken topdressing carrying seedling by loose stool water or urea water before gemma or after gemma, what after bract bud, night every day opened that hole for water spraying carries out 3 ~ 5min spreads spray, 4 ~ May plucks 3 ~ 4 times common vetch dish, does not injure root during harvesting, executes loose stool water once after each harvesting, loquat new life slightly turned the green aging rare rich water interval of rear use three grades and watered fertile twice spring Mo, water interval 20d between fertilizer for twice, containing 8% urea and 1.5% potassium chloride in three grades of rare rich water, loquat 11b is pruned and tie rod, make the angle between newborn major branch and mobile jib be 50 ~ 55 °, Post flowering carries out flower thinning, plucks really and uses a barnyard manure and composite fertilizer autumn respectively, each applied amount of barnyard manure is 500 ~ 800kg/ mu, and each applied amount of composite fertilizer is 200 ~ 250kg/ mu, Second Year early August broadcasts sowing perennial ryegrass on first and second planting site, before ryegrass seed sowing, every 1kg seed adds 2kg bacillus subtilis GB03 bacterium liquid and 1.5g pak-chor 4 ~ 4.5h, bacillus subtilis GB03 bacterium liquid be bacillus subtilis GB03 mother liquor dilute 10 times formulated, OD in bacillus subtilis GB03 mother liquor
600be 0.8 ~ 1.0, ryegrass seed and 8kg fused calcium magnesium phosphate after seed soaking, 10kg fire loam is mixed and is all broadcasted sowing, the mu amount of broadcasting sowing of ryegrass seed is 0.8kg, Ryegrass Growth is to carrying out first time harvesting during plant height 40 ~ 45cm as farming animals herbage, toothing 5 ~ 8cm during first time harvesting, promote that perennial ryegrass tillers and regenerates, perennial ryegrass regrow to carry out aftercrop during plant height 35 ~ 40cm and by harvesting herbage and leaf bedding first, the earth's surface of two planting sites, toothing 1 ~ 3cm during aftercrop, stop after the Frost's Descent irrigating, help bud fertilizer to prepare for 50kg fire loam and 10L people's retention of urine liquid to obtain.
Embodiment 2
Hold fire line successfully in forest land, selected hillside and carry out refining mountain, fine day is selected to grill thoroughly burned for ground, by tree root behind burning ground, the grass root and stem of certain plants is rooted out, staged is become by whole for forest land, hillside, each planting site 11 behind whole ground is offered along the contour on hillside respectively, domatic outside between adjacent planting site 11 adopts stone to pile the ridge 12 of building a dam, ditch 13 is offered in the middle part of each planting site 11, ditch 13 along the length direction of planting site 11 offer and in ditch 13 along its length interval compartment 131 is set, ditch 13 is separated into each tank by compartment 131, the two ends compartment 131 of each tank arranges first respectively, the second-rate mouth of a river 132, cell wall outside tank is offered the 3rd flowing water mouth 133, the height and first of the 3rd flowing water mouth 133 on same tank, the height of flowing water mouth highly less in the second-rate mouth of a river 132 is consistent (if the height at the first-class mouth of a river is lower than the height at the second mouth of a river, then the height of the 3rd flowing water mouth 133 is consistent with the height at the first-class mouth of a river), compartment 131 on adjacent ditch 13 is arranged in interleaved shape, the 3rd flowing water mouth 133 on adjacent ditch 13 is arranged in interleaved shape, the ditch, top 13 in forest land, hillside is connected with water supply installation, the upper outside on the ridge, dam 12 is provided with the sparge pipe 14 of horizontal shape layout, the pipe shaft of sparge pipe 14 is arranged at intervals with shower nozzle, the sidewall on the ridge, oblique sensing dam, water outlet direction 12 of shower nozzle, planting site 11 is divided into the first planting site 111 be positioned at inside ditch 13 and the second planting site 112 be positioned at outside ditch 13 by ditch 13, first planting site 111 adopts improvement soil to fill out whole forming, improvement soil is dry land soil, peat soil and fiery loam obtain according to the weight ratio mixed preparing of 0.8:1:0.4, the paddy soils of dry land soil for getting after 3 ~ June of paddy field draining dry field, do not sow crop during dry field and dig 2 ~ 3 times, fire loam is stalk, tree branches and leaves, the fire ash that weeds burn till obtains according to the weight ratio mixed preparing of 1:3 with forest land soil (native country in forest land, hillside), the height on the ridge, dam 12 is 60 ~ 80cm, it is 30 ~ 35cm that improvement soil fills out whole thickness, and the downside that improvement soil fills out flood is provided with sandy soils, extends in sandy soils bottom the ridge, dam 12, the width of the first planting site 111 is 30 ~ 40cm, and the width of the second planting site 112 is 1 ~ 1.2m,
Autumn Mo in the first year plants in 112 ground at second kind and excavates the dark planting hole of 0.6m, 1.5kg weeds are thrown in planting hole, then 0.2kg lime is used, 2.0kg poultry muck, the compacting of 1.0kg cake fertilizer, covering with plastic film becomes thoroughly decomposed, become thoroughly decomposed the liftoff film of recession, fertilizer in planting hole is stirred and spreads, winter Mo in the first year or the loquat 11b seedling 11b downgraded that plants in planting hole at the beginning of the spring then, irrigate with water, loquat pumping young sprout turns the green rare rich water interval of aging rear one-level and waters fertile twice then, water interval 20d between fertilizer for twice, containing 2% urea and 0.5% potassium chloride in the rare rich water of one-level, spring, summer, autumn, winter takes out slightly secondary respectively, Post flowering is all extractd, in autumn in the same year the common vetch dish seedling 11a of artificial propagation is close on the first planting site 111 and locates interval bottom the ridge, dam 12 and plant, the width of planting hole is 20 ~ 25 centimetres, size is 20 × 20cm, plant by spacing in the rows 15cm, during transplanting, common vetch dish seedling 11a answers transplantation with soil, do not hinder root system, normal root water is watered after cultivation, and pour water in ditch 13, and water surface elevation in ditch 13 is lower than the ground level 12 ~ 17cm of the first planting site 111, stop after the Frost's Descent irrigating and at earth's surface bedding one deck leaf of the first planting site 111, the leaf that Za Shu can be selected to descend slowly and lightly and pine needle carry out bedding,
Second Year starts after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term) to irrigate, and 4 ~ May, common vetch dish started bract bud, and what after bract bud, night every day opened that hole for water spraying carries out 3 ~ 5min spreads spray, and undertaken topdressing carrying seedling by loose stool water or urea water before gemma and after gemma, bract bud First Year is not plucked common vetch dish; Loquat young sprout in spring turns the green rare rich water interval of aging rear secondary and waters fertile twice, water interval 20d between fertilizer for twice, containing 5% urea and 1% potassium chloride in the rare rich water of secondary, loquat 11b to be pruned and tie rod makes that loquat 11b is preced with in globular model, angle between major branch and mobile jib is 50 ~ 55 °, tie rod uses soft rope to leave behind along the reverse direction of shoot growth, the bamboo let that the other end ground of soft rope plugs is fixed, angle between adjustment major branch and trunk is 50 ~ 55 °, after branch is shaping, soft rope is taken off; Post flowering removes the flower of 90%, Second Year Fertilizer In Autumn a barnyard manure and composite fertilizer, and the applied amount of barnyard manure is 500 ~ 800kg/ mu, and the applied amount of composite fertilizer is 200 ~ 250kg/ mu; Second Year early August broadcasts sowing perennial ryegrass on first and second planting site, before ryegrass seed sowing, every 1kg seed adds 2kg bacillus subtilis GB03 bacterium liquid and 1.5g pak-chor 4 ~ 4.5h, bacillus subtilis GB03 bacterium liquid be bacillus subtilis GB03 mother liquor dilute 10 times formulated, OD in bacillus subtilis GB03 mother liquor
600be 0.8 ~ 1.0, after seed soaking, ryegrass seed and 8kg fused calcium magnesium phosphate, 10kg fire loam are mixed and are all broadcasted sowing, the mu amount of broadcasting sowing of ryegrass seed is 0.8kg, Ryegrass Growth is to carrying out first time harvesting during plant height 40 ~ 45cm as farming animals herbage, toothing 5 ~ 8cm during first time harvesting, promote that perennial ryegrass tillers and regenerates, perennial ryegrass regrow to carry out aftercrop during plant height 35 ~ 40cm and by harvesting herbage and leaf bedding on the earth's surface of first and second planting site, toothing 1 ~ 3cm during aftercrop, stops after the Frost's Descent irrigating;
From the 3rd year, be repeated below operation every year: start after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term) to irrigate, and 3, April applies once to help bud fertile to common vetch dish, undertaken topdressing carrying seedling by loose stool water or urea water before gemma or after gemma, what after bract bud, night every day opened that hole for water spraying carries out 3 ~ 5min spreads spray, 4 ~ May plucks 3 ~ 4 times common vetch dish, does not injure root during harvesting, executes loose stool water once after each harvesting, loquat new life slightly turned the green aging rare rich water interval of rear use three grades and watered fertile twice spring Mo, water interval 20d between fertilizer for twice, containing 8% urea and 1.5% potassium chloride in three grades of rare rich water, loquat 11b is pruned and tie rod, make the angle between newborn major branch and mobile jib be 50 ~ 55 °, Post flowering carries out flower thinning, plucks really and uses a barnyard manure and composite fertilizer autumn respectively, each applied amount of barnyard manure is 500 ~ 800kg/ mu, and each applied amount of composite fertilizer is 200 ~ 250kg/ mu, Second Year early August broadcasts sowing perennial ryegrass on first and second planting site, before ryegrass seed sowing, every 1kg seed adds 2kg bacillus subtilis GB03 bacterium liquid and 1.5g pak-chor 4 ~ 4.5h, bacillus subtilis GB03 bacterium liquid be bacillus subtilis GB03 mother liquor dilute 10 times formulated, OD in bacillus subtilis GB03 mother liquor
600be 0.8 ~ 1.0, ryegrass seed and 8kg fused calcium magnesium phosphate after seed soaking, 10kg fire loam is mixed and is all broadcasted sowing, the mu amount of broadcasting sowing of ryegrass seed is 0.8kg, Ryegrass Growth is to carrying out first time harvesting during plant height 40 ~ 45cm as farming animals herbage, toothing 5 ~ 8cm during first time harvesting, promote that perennial ryegrass tillers and regenerates, perennial ryegrass regrow to carry out aftercrop during plant height 35 ~ 40cm and by harvesting herbage and leaf bedding first, the earth's surface of two planting sites, toothing 1 ~ 3cm during aftercrop, stop after the Frost's Descent irrigating, bud fertilizer is helped to obtain according to the weight ratio mixed preparing of 100:5 for fiery loam and urea, prepare after front water dissolves urea and carry out mixed preparing with fiery loam again.
In above-described embodiment 1,2, the plantation amount of every mu of common vetch dish is 2000 ~ 2500 strains, and produce 330 kilograms of fresh common vetch dishes per year for every mu, the length of plucking fresh common vetch dish is 15 ~ 20cm, and the root diameter (RD) of fresh common vetch dish root is 0.8 ~ 1.2cm, and the fibrosis of fresh common vetch dish is low.
The plantation of tradition level land, the plantation amount of mu common vetch dish is 4500 ~ 6000 strains, and produce 300 kilograms of fresh common vetch dishes per year for every mu, the length of plucking fresh common vetch dish is 15 ~ 20cm, and the root diameter (RD) of fresh common vetch dish root is 0.3 ~ 0.6cm, and the fibrosis on fresh common vetch dish surface is high.
In addition, in embodiment 1,2, loquat 11b mu carries 70 strains, and after the 3rd year, every strain loquat 11b can gather in the crops 28 ~ 35 kilograms of loquats.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; should be understood that; for those skilled in the art; to know in the present invention after contents; under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention; can also make some equal conversion to it and substitute, these convert on an equal basis and substitute and also should be considered as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a method for fruits and vegetables interplanting, refers to the method at forest land, hillside joint implant common vetch dish and loquat, specifically comprises following operating procedure:
S1: become staged by whole for forest land, hillside, each planting site behind whole ground is offered along the contour on hillside respectively, domatic outside between adjacent planting site adopts stone to pile the ridge of building a dam, ditch is offered in the middle part of each planting site, ditch along the length direction of planting site offer and in ditch along its length interval compartment is set, ditch is separated into each tank by compartment, the two ends compartment of each tank arranges first respectively, the second-rate mouth of a river, cell wall outside tank is offered the 3rd flowing water mouth, the height and first of the 3rd flowing water mouth on same tank, the height of flowing water mouth highly less in the second-rate mouth of a river is consistent, the 3rd flowing water mouth on adjacent ditch is that interleaved shape is arranged, the ditch, top in forest land, hillside is connected with water supply installation, the upper outside of Ba Geng is provided with the sparge pipe of horizontal shape layout, the pipe shaft of sparge pipe is arranged at intervals with hole for water spraying/shower nozzle, the sidewall of the oblique sensing in the water outlet direction Ba Geng of hole for water spraying/shower nozzle, planting site is divided into the first planting site be positioned at inside ditch and the second planting site be positioned at outside ditch by ditch, first planting site adopts improvement soil to fill out whole forming, improvement soil is dry land soil, peat soil and fiery loam obtain according to the weight ratio mixed preparing of 0.5:1:0.2 ~ 0.8:1:0.4, the paddy soils of dry land soil for getting after 3 ~ June of paddy field draining dry field, do not sow crop during dry field and dig 2 ~ 3 times, fire loam is stalk, tree branches and leaves, the fire ash that weeds burn till obtains according to the weight ratio mixed preparing of 1:2 ~ 3 with forest land soil,
S2: autumn Mo in the first year excavates the dark planting hole of 0.6m in the second planting site, 1.5kg weeds are thrown in planting hole, then 0.2kg lime is used, 2.0kg poultry muck, the compacting of 1.0kg cake fertilizer, covering with plastic film becomes thoroughly decomposed, become thoroughly decomposed the liftoff film of recession, fertilizer in planting hole is stirred and spreads, winter Mo in the first year or the loquat sapling downgraded of planting in planting hole at the beginning of the spring then, irrigate with water, loquat pumping young sprout turns the green rare rich water interval of aging rear one-level and waters fertile twice then, water interval 20d between fertilizer for twice, containing 2% urea and 0.5% potassium chloride in the rare rich water of one-level, spring, summer, autumn, winter takes out slightly secondary respectively, Post flowering carries out flower thinning, in autumn in the same year the common vetch dish seedling of artificial propagation/wild planted at first kind and locate interval bottom the next-door neighbour ridge, dam on the ground and plant, and pour water in ditch, and water surface elevation in ditch is lower than the ground level 12 ~ 17cm of the first planting site, stop after the Frost's Descent irrigating and at earth's surface bedding one deck leaf of the first planting site,
S3: Second Year starts after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term) to irrigate, and 4 ~ May, common vetch dish started bract bud, what after bract bud, night every day opened that hole for water spraying/shower nozzle carries out 3 ~ 5min spreads spray/spray painting, and bract bud First Year is not plucked common vetch dish; Loquat young sprout in spring turns the green rare rich water interval of aging rear secondary and waters fertile twice, water interval 20d between fertilizer for twice, containing 5% urea and 1% potassium chloride in the rare rich water of secondary, loquat to be pruned and tie rod makes loquat tree crown be globular model, angle between major branch and mobile jib is 50 ~ 55 °, Post flowering carries out flower thinning, Second Year Fertilizer In Autumn a barnyard manure and composite fertilizer, the applied amount of barnyard manure is 500 ~ 800kg/ mu, and the applied amount of composite fertilizer is 200 ~ 250kg/ mu; Second Year early August broadcasts sowing perennial ryegrass on first and second planting site, before ryegrass seed sowing, every 1kg seed adds 2kg bacillus subtilis GB03 bacterium liquid and 1.5g pak-chor 4 ~ 4.5h, bacillus subtilis GB03 bacterium liquid be bacillus subtilis GB03 mother liquor dilute 10 times formulated, OD in bacillus subtilis GB03 mother liquor
600be 0.8 ~ 1.0, after seed soaking, ryegrass seed and 8kg fused calcium magnesium phosphate, 10kg fire loam are mixed and are all broadcasted sowing, the mu amount of broadcasting sowing of ryegrass seed is 0.8kg, Ryegrass Growth is to carrying out first time harvesting during plant height 40 ~ 45cm as farming animals herbage, toothing 5 ~ 8cm during first time harvesting, promote that perennial ryegrass tillers and regenerates, perennial ryegrass regrow to carry out aftercrop during plant height 35 ~ 40cm and by harvesting herbage and leaf bedding on the earth's surface of first and second planting site, toothing 1 ~ 3cm during aftercrop, stops after the Frost's Descent irrigating;
S4: from the 3rd year, be repeated below operation every year: start after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term) to irrigate, and 3, April applies once to help bud fertile to common vetch dish, what after bract bud, night every day opened that hole for water spraying/shower nozzle carries out 3 ~ 5min spreads spray/spray painting, 4 ~ May plucks 3 ~ 4 times common vetch dish, loquat new life slightly turned the green aging rare rich water interval of rear use three grades and watered fertile twice spring Mo, water interval 20d between fertilizer for twice, containing 8% urea and 1.5% potassium chloride in three grades of rare rich water, loquat is pruned and tie rod, the angle between newborn major branch and mobile jib is made to be 50 ~ 55 °, Post flowering carries out flower thinning, pluck really and use a barnyard manure and composite fertilizer autumn respectively, each applied amount of barnyard manure is 500 ~ 800kg/ mu, each applied amount of composite fertilizer is 200 ~ 250kg/ mu, Second Year early August is first, two planting sites broadcast sowing perennial ryegrass, before ryegrass seed sowing, every 1kg seed adds 2kg bacillus subtilis GB03 bacterium liquid and 1.5g pak-chor 4 ~ 4.5h, bacillus subtilis GB03 bacterium liquid be bacillus subtilis GB03 mother liquor dilute 10 times formulated, in bacillus subtilis GB03 mother liquor, OD600 is 0.8 ~ 1.0, ryegrass seed and 8kg fused calcium magnesium phosphate after seed soaking, 10kg fire loam is mixed and is all broadcasted sowing, the mu amount of broadcasting sowing of ryegrass seed is 0.8kg, Ryegrass Growth is to carrying out first time harvesting during plant height 40 ~ 45cm as farming animals herbage, toothing 5 ~ 8cm during first time harvesting, promote that perennial ryegrass tillers and regenerates, perennial ryegrass regrow to carry out aftercrop during plant height 35 ~ 40cm and by harvesting herbage and leaf bedding first, the earth's surface of two planting sites, toothing 1 ~ 3cm during aftercrop, stop after the Frost's Descent irrigating, help bud fertilizer to obtain for fiery loam and people's retention of urine liquid/urea mixed preparing.
2. the method for fruits and vegetables interplanting according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the height of Ba Geng is 60 ~ 80cm, it is 30 ~ 35cm that improvement soil fills out whole thickness, the downside that improvement soil fills out flood is provided with sandy soils, extend to bottom the ridge, dam in sandy soils, the ground level of the second planting site is higher than the ground level 20 ~ 25cm of the first planting site.
3. the method for fruits and vegetables interplanting according to claim 1, is characterized in that: improvement soil is that dry land soil, peat soil and fiery loam obtain according to the weight ratio mixed preparing of 0.5:1:0.2.
4. the method for fruits and vegetables interplanting according to claim 1, is characterized in that: help bud fertilizer to prepare for 50kg fire loam and 10L people's retention of urine liquid and obtain.
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