CN104509361A - Planting method for increasing breeding yield of bamboo shoots seedlings - Google Patents
Planting method for increasing breeding yield of bamboo shoots seedlings Download PDFInfo
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- CN104509361A CN104509361A CN201410803336.1A CN201410803336A CN104509361A CN 104509361 A CN104509361 A CN 104509361A CN 201410803336 A CN201410803336 A CN 201410803336A CN 104509361 A CN104509361 A CN 104509361A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0262—Mulches, i.e. covering material not-pre-formed in mats or sheets
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
- C05F5/002—Solid waste from mechanical processing of material, e.g. seed coats, olive pits, almond shells, fruit residue, rice hulls
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Abstract
The invention discloses a planting method for increasing breeding yield of bamboo shoots seedlings. The method mainly comprises the steps of afforesting, namely, selecting a planting base for bamboo shoots seedlings, the afforesting technology for breeding of bamboo shoots seedlings, and modifying and afforesting method for phyllostachys praecox; managing bamboo forest, namely, managing a young forest and managing a grown forest. According to the planting method for increasing the breeding yield of the bamboo shoots seedlings, the standard reconstruction of the a bamboo shoots seedlings base is improved, and the basic guarantee is provided to increase the yield of the bamboo shoots; the methods such as increasing the thickness of a covering, physically preserving the heat, increasing the temperature of the heat with bio-fertilizer are performed for increasing the yield of phyllostachys praecox in anti-season planting; with the adoption of the technology, the yield per mu is doubled and more than 2,000kg.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to thunder bamboo planting technology field, be specially a kind of implantation methods improving thunder bamboo shoots seedling breeding output.
Background technology
Lei Zhu is a kind of Fine Shoot Bamboo Species kind of China, primary growth in Zhejiang and Yangtze River Delta Area, have bamboo shoot early, the bamboo shoot phase is long, bamboo shoot are delicious, the features such as strong adaptability, have the laudatory title of " king of Shoot bamboo ", have and have higher nutritive value and commodity value.In all bamboo shoots kinds, Lei Zhu goes out bamboo shoot the earliest, generally three, the April, namely, before and after the Ching Ming Festival, the thunder bamboo shoots can turning out season eat for people, now, because the listing of thunder bamboo shoots is concentrated, output is large, supply exceed demand in market, generally can only sell for 1.6 12 yuans/kilogram, cultivate thunder bamboo shoots technology and method according to routine, one mu of thunder bamboo shoots is by normal yield results, output is generally 1000 kgs/acre, and annual income is about about 1,600 one 2000 yuan, and its economic benefit is lower.If but adopt common anti-season to cultivate organic thunder bamboo shoots technology and method, there is again the defect that output is lower.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of implantation methods improving thunder bamboo shoots seedling breeding output, greatly can improve the output of bamboo shoots, the quality of bamboo shoots can also be improved.
In order to reach above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of implantation methods improving thunder bamboo shoots seedling breeding output, mainly comprises the following aspects:
The first, select the planting base of thunder bamboo shoots seedling: (1) weather conditions: average temperature of the whole year 12 DEG C-16 DEG C, annual precipitation 1250mm-1800mm, March-May, August-season of rainwater of having in September; (2) soil condition: sandy loam or red, yellow soil, PH4.5-7.0, dark more than the 50cm of soil, loose ventilative, draining is good; (3) orographic condition: below height above sea level 5000m, the gradient 15 degree once, leeward on the sunny side;
The second, the afforestation technology of thunder bamboo shoots seedling breeding: (1) levels off hilltops, cleaning forest land, opens up wasteland comprehensively, cleaning stone, cleaning butt, the bamboo root and stem of certain plants; Depth of soil preparation is 30cm; Per hectare digs 1000-1500, cave, the dark 40cm of the wide 70cm of the long 60cm in cave; Trench digging: furrow width 25cm, degree of depth 30cm, opens a ditch every 10m; (2) female bamboo is selected: female bamboo quality: robust growth, leaf be luxuriant, without the Fine species for planting of damage by disease and insect; Mother bambooage life in-2 years in 1 year; Female bamboo size: diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 2cm-4cm;
3rd step, the trimming of Lei Zhu: (1) stays whip: carry out whip 15cm-20cm, removes whip 25cm-30cm; (2) branch is stayed: 4 grades-7 grades, bamboo branch;
4th step, method of forestation: (1) moves bamboo method of forestation: be with native whip horizontal, degree of depth 20cm-25cm; Whip soil branch, lower tight upper pine, insulation of watering, timber pile is fixed; Afforestation Time: October in autumn-November is advisable, before and after raining; Before and after plum season set-in of plum rains, late May-early June or December in winter-February;
Bamboo grove manages:
The first, young growth manages: (1) water management: plant latter continuous 5 days without precipitation, need water once, every strain 15kg; (2) weed with a hoe: 1 year three times, February is shallow cuts 10cm, and without whip, place is ploughed deeply; May-plough deeply 30cm June, loosen the soil September-October 20cm; (3) rational application of fertilizer:, long whip is fertile, after June, Hsinchu grew into forest, execute urea 45kg per hectare, phosphate fertilizer 110kg per hectare, potash fertilizer 25kg per hectare, fertilizer ploughs under in soil and implements; Two, vernalization is fertile, and September, thunder bamboo started to sprout, and executed human urine 1-1.5t per hectare, water-filling one times sprinkles and waters; Three, pregnant bamboo shoot are fertile, and it is fertile that early November executes pregnant bamboo shoot, plough under in soil, add raw yellow soil 1-1.5t per hectare with pig manure hurdle fertilizer or the fertile 3-4t per hectare of chicken and duck; Four, long bamboo shoot fertilizer goes out bamboo shoot first half of the month, executes long bamboo shoot fertilizer, with the every strain of urea 10-15g, in addition, also will execute cave fertilizer after digging bamboo shoot, each bamboo shoot cave-applied fertilizer 3-5kg urea; (4) bamboo grove protection: the hook tip is carried out June in Hsinchu, and stay a 6-10 shelves, carry out after-culture in time, pest control, winter shakes snow, prevents pressure tree;
The second, management of growing into forest: (1) stays female bamboo: per hectare stays Hsinchu 3000 strain every year, starts to stay foster, female bamboo of equally distributed stalwartness of selecting and remain March; (2) upgrade: female bamboo retains 4 years, and the old bamboo of more than 5 years connects the root and stem of certain plants and cuts out when June loosens the soil; The bamboo grove that grows into forest retains vertical bamboo degree 9000-12000 strain; (3) tip is hooked: June carries out, and stays 12 grades, branch; (4) water: August-September, when meeting arid, per hectare was poured water 15t, and before covering October-December, per hectare is poured water 300t, depending on the increase and decrease of weather precipitation event, is advisable to irrigate; (5) loosen the soil: 1 year secondary, carry out in conjunction with fertilising, May-June ploughs deeply and loosens the soil, degree of depth 25cm-30cm; August-September, shallow cutting is loosened the soil, degree of depth 10-20cm; (6) apply fertilizer: per hectare executes urea 750kg decomposed dung 15t, ploughs deeply the middle 20cm-25cm that buries, promote Rhizome wood growtht; August-September, per hectare sealing fertilizer 1.5t, spread fertilizer over the fields, and shallow cutting is buried, and promotes differentiation of shoot bud; Per hectare manuring 60t, urea 750kg, promote that underground bamboo shoot blastogenesis is long, December-February next year bamboo shoot cave-applied fertilizer, often spread manuer in holes after digging bamboo shoot urea 10g-20g, per hectare 400kg; (7) cover: the bamboo plantation grown into forest for 4 years-5 years can cover, and female bamboo normally stays foster, can cover continuously for many years.
Preferably, stay when digging in whip process and do not hinder whip bud and screw, retain on strong shape bud 5, what aged bamboo whip or whip look turned black can not do female bamboo, require native more than the 10KG of band, stay in the process of branch and require that cutting tip otch does not smoothly ftracture, bamboo branch is dense can suitably prune bamboo branch.
Preferably, new afforestation the first two years can interplant the short bar farming of beans, medicinal material and economic crops.
Preferably, cover the cladding material mainly leaf of bamboo, rice chaff, straw, wheat husk or the weeds of bamboo plantation, covering method generally adopts double-deck cladding process, lower floor is thermosphere, 15cm-20cm, the temperature enhancing material of employing is the leaf of bamboo, straw or weeds, and upper strata is heat-insulation layer, 10cm-20cm, the temperature enhancing material of employing is rice chaff; Controlling surface temperature is about 15 DEG C, removes and covers thing at early March, and the temperature rises to during higher than covering ground temperature, should by removing covering.
Preferably, cutting out the bamboo that blooms in time, increase nitrogenous fertilizer, blooming for suppressing to slow down Lei Zhu.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the implantation methods of this raising thunder bamboo shoots seedling breeding output, strengthen the standardization transformation of thunder bamboo shoots seedling base, basic guarantee is provided for improving thunder bamboo shoot output, adopt increase mantle thickness to be incubated by physics and to utilize bio-fertilizer to increase soil temperature etc. and improve thunder bamboo shoots off-season cultivation output, use this technology per mu yield can increase by 1 times, reach more than 2000 kilograms.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of technical scheme: afforestation: the first, select the planting base of thunder bamboo shoots seedling: (1) weather conditions: average temperature of the whole year 12 DEG C-16 DEG C, annual precipitation 1250mm-1800mm, March-May, August-there is more rich rainwater in September; (2) soil condition: sandy loam or red, yellow soil, PH4.5-7.0, dark more than the 50cm of soil, loose ventilative, draining is good; (3) orographic condition: below height above sea level 5000m, the gradient 15 degree once, leeward on the sunny side; The second, the afforestation technology of thunder bamboo shoots seedling breeding: (1) levels off hilltops, cleaning forest land, opens up wasteland comprehensively, cleaning stone, cleaning butt, the bamboo root and stem of certain plants; Depth of soil preparation is 30cm; Per hectare digs 1000-1500, cave, the dark 40cm of the wide 70cm of the long 60cm in cave; Trench digging: furrow width 25cm, degree of depth 30cm, opens a ditch every 10m; (2) female bamboo is selected: female bamboo quality: robust growth, leaf be luxuriant, without the Fine species for planting of damage by disease and insect; Mother bambooage life in-2 years in 1 year; Female bamboo size: diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 2cm-4cm; 3rd step, the trimming of Lei Zhu: (1) stays whip: carry out whip 15cm-20cm, remove whip 25cm-30cm, stay when digging in whip process and do not hinder whip bud and screw, retain on strong shape bud 5, what aged bamboo whip or whip look turned black can not do female bamboo, requires native more than the 10KG of band, stay in the process of branch and require that cutting tip otch does not smoothly ftracture, bamboo branch is dense can suitably prune bamboo branch; (2) branch is stayed: 4 grades-7 grades, bamboo branch; 4th step, method of forestation: (1) moves bamboo method of forestation: be with native whip horizontal, degree of depth 20cm-25cm; Whip soil branch, lower tight upper pine, insulation of watering, timber pile is fixed; Afforestation Time: October in autumn-November is advisable, before and after raining; Before and after plum season set-in of plum rains, late May-early June or December in winter-February;
Bamboo grove manages: the first, and young growth manages: (1) water management: plant latter continuous 5 days without precipitation, need water once, every strain 15kg; (2) weed with a hoe: 1 year three times, February is shallow cuts 10cm, and without whip, place is ploughed deeply; May-plough deeply 30cm June, loosen the soil September-October 20cm; (3) rational application of fertilizer:, long whip is fertile, after June, Hsinchu grew into forest, execute urea 45kg per hectare, phosphate fertilizer 110kg per hectare, potash fertilizer 25kg per hectare, fertilizer ploughs under in soil and implements; Two, vernalization is fertile, and September, thunder bamboo started to sprout, and executed human urine 1-1.5t per hectare, water-filling one times sprinkles and waters; Three, pregnant bamboo shoot are fertile, and it is fertile that early November executes pregnant bamboo shoot, plough under in soil, add raw yellow soil 1-1.5t per hectare with pig manure hurdle fertilizer or the fertile 3-4t per hectare of chicken and duck; Four, long bamboo shoot fertilizer goes out bamboo shoot first half of the month, executes long bamboo shoot fertilizer, with the every strain of urea 10-15g, in addition, also will execute cave fertilizer after digging bamboo shoot, each bamboo shoot cave-applied fertilizer 3-5kg urea; (4) bamboo grove protection: the hook tip is carried out June in Hsinchu, and stay a 6-10 shelves, carry out after-culture in time, pest control, winter shakes snow, prevents pressure tree; The second, management of growing into forest: (1) stays female bamboo: per hectare stays Hsinchu 3000 strain every year, starts to stay foster, female bamboo of equally distributed stalwartness of selecting and remain March; (2) upgrade: female bamboo retains 4 years, and the old bamboo of more than 5 years connects the root and stem of certain plants and cuts out when June loosens the soil; The bamboo grove that grows into forest retains vertical bamboo degree 9000-12000 strain; (3) tip is hooked: June carries out, and stays 12 grades, branch; (4) water: August-September, when meeting arid, per hectare was poured water 15t, and before covering October-December, per hectare is poured water 300t, depending on the increase and decrease of weather precipitation event, is advisable to irrigate; (5) loosen the soil: 1 year secondary, carry out in conjunction with fertilising, May-June ploughs deeply and loosens the soil, degree of depth 25cm-30cm; August-September, shallow cutting is loosened the soil, degree of depth 10-20cm; (6) apply fertilizer: per hectare executes urea 750kg decomposed dung 15t, ploughs deeply the middle 20cm-25cm that buries, promote Rhizome wood growtht; August-September, per hectare sealing fertilizer 1.5t, spread fertilizer over the fields, and shallow cutting is buried, and promotes differentiation of shoot bud; Per hectare manuring 60t, urea 750kg, promote that underground bamboo shoot blastogenesis is long, December-February next year bamboo shoot cave-applied fertilizer, often spread manuer in holes after digging bamboo shoot urea 10g-20g, per hectare 400kg; (7) cover: the bamboo plantation grown into forest for 4 years-5 years can cover, female bamboo normally stays foster, can cover continuously for many years, cover the cladding material mainly leaf of bamboo, rice chaff, straw, wheat husk or the weeds of bamboo plantation, covering method generally adopts double-deck cladding process, lower floor is thermosphere, 15cm-20cm, the temperature enhancing material of employing is the leaf of bamboo, straw or weeds, and upper strata is heat-insulation layer, 10cm-20cm, the temperature enhancing material of employing is rice chaff; Controlling surface temperature is about 15 DEG C, removes and covers thing at early March, and the temperature rises to during higher than covering ground temperature, should by removing covering.
Cut out the bamboo that blooms in time, increase nitrogenous fertilizer, bloom for suppressing to slow down Lei Zhu, new afforestation the first two years can interplant the short bar farming of beans, medicinal material and economic crops, increases economic efficiency with this.
Although illustrate and describe embodiments of the invention, for the ordinary skill in the art, be appreciated that and can carry out multiple change, amendment, replacement and modification to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, scope of the present invention is by claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (6)
1. improve an implantation methods for thunder bamboo shoots seedling breeding output, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
Afforestation:
The first step, selects the planting base of thunder bamboo shoots seedling: (1) weather conditions: average temperature of the whole year 12 DEG C-16 DEG C, annual precipitation 1250mm-1800mm, March-May, August-season of rainwater of having in September; (2) soil condition: sandy loam or red, yellow soil, PH4.5-7.0, dark more than the 50cm of soil, loose ventilative, draining is good; (3) orographic condition: below height above sea level 5000m, the gradient 15 degree once, leeward on the sunny side;
Second step, the afforestation technology of thunder bamboo shoots seedling breeding: (1) levels off hilltops, cleaning forest land, opens up wasteland comprehensively, cleaning stone, cleaning butt, the bamboo root and stem of certain plants; Depth of soil preparation is 30cm; Per hectare digs 1000-1500, cave, the dark 40cm of the wide 70cm of the long 60cm in cave; Trench digging: furrow width 25cm, degree of depth 30cm, opens a ditch every 10m; (2) female bamboo is selected: female bamboo quality: robust growth, leaf be luxuriant, without the Fine species for planting of damage by disease and insect; Mother bambooage life in-2 years in 1 year; Female bamboo size: diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 2cm-4cm;
3rd step, the trimming of Lei Zhu: (1) stays whip: carry out whip 15cm-20cm, removes whip 25cm-30cm; (2) branch is stayed: 4 grades-7 grades, bamboo branch;
4th step, method of forestation: (1) moves bamboo method of forestation: be with native whip horizontal, degree of depth 20cm-25cm; Whip soil branch, lower tight upper pine, insulation of watering, timber pile is fixed; Afforestation Time: October in autumn-November is advisable, before and after raining; Before and after plum season set-in of plum rains, late May-early June or December in winter-February;
Bamboo grove manages:
The first step, young growth manages: (1) water management: plant latter continuous 5 days without precipitation, need water once, every strain 15kg; (2) weed with a hoe: 1 year three times, February is shallow cuts 10cm, and without whip, place is ploughed deeply; May-plough deeply 30cm June, loosen the soil September-October 20cm; (3) rational application of fertilizer:, long whip is fertile, after June, Hsinchu grew into forest, execute urea 45kg per hectare, phosphate fertilizer 110kg per hectare, potash fertilizer 25kg per hectare, fertilizer ploughs under in soil and implements; Two, vernalization is fertile, and September, thunder bamboo started to sprout, and executed human urine 1-1.5t per hectare, water-filling one times sprinkles and waters; Three, pregnant bamboo shoot are fertile, and it is fertile that early November executes pregnant bamboo shoot, plough under in soil, add raw yellow soil 1-1.5t per hectare with pig manure hurdle fertilizer or the fertile 3-4t per hectare of chicken and duck; Four, long bamboo shoot fertilizer goes out bamboo shoot first half of the month, executes long bamboo shoot fertilizer, with the every strain of urea 10-15g, in addition, also will execute cave fertilizer after digging bamboo shoot, each bamboo shoot cave-applied fertilizer 3-5kg urea; (4) bamboo grove protection: the hook tip is carried out June in Hsinchu, and stay a 6-10 shelves, carry out after-culture in time, pest control, winter shakes snow, prevents pressure tree;
Second step, management of growing into forest: (1) stays female bamboo: per hectare stays Hsinchu 3000 strain every year, starts to stay foster, female bamboo of equally distributed stalwartness of selecting and remain March; (2) upgrade: female bamboo retains 4 years, and the old bamboo of more than 5 years connects the root and stem of certain plants and cuts out when June loosens the soil; The bamboo grove that grows into forest retains vertical bamboo degree 9000-12000 strain; (3) tip is hooked: June carries out, and stays 12 grades, branch; (4) water: August-September, when meeting arid, per hectare was poured water 15t, and before covering October-December, per hectare is poured water 300t, depending on the increase and decrease of weather precipitation event, is advisable to irrigate; (5) loosen the soil: 1 year secondary, carry out in conjunction with fertilising, May-June ploughs deeply and loosens the soil, degree of depth 25cm-30cm; August-September, shallow cutting is loosened the soil, degree of depth 10-20cm; (6) apply fertilizer: per hectare executes urea 750kg decomposed dung 15t, ploughs deeply the middle 20cm-25cm that buries, promote Rhizome wood growtht; August-September, per hectare sealing fertilizer 1.5t, spread fertilizer over the fields, and shallow cutting is buried, and promotes differentiation of shoot bud; Per hectare manuring 60t, urea 750kg, promote that underground bamboo shoot blastogenesis is long, December-February next year bamboo shoot cave-applied fertilizer, often spread manuer in holes after digging bamboo shoot urea 10g-20g, per hectare 400kg; (7) cover: the bamboo plantation grown into forest for 4 years-5 years can cover, and female bamboo normally stays foster, can cover continuously for many years.
2. the implantation methods of raising thunder bamboo shoots seedling breeding output according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: stay when digging in whip process and do not hinder whip bud and screw, retain on strong shape bud 5, what aged bamboo whip or whip look turned black can not do female bamboo, require native more than the 10kg of band, stay in the process of branch and require that cutting tip otch does not smoothly ftracture, bamboo branch is dense can suitably prune bamboo branch.
3. the implantation methods of raising thunder bamboo shoots seedling breeding output according to claim 1, is characterized in that: planting density is per hectare 900-1500.
4. the implantation methods of raising thunder bamboo shoots seedling breeding output according to claim 1, is characterized in that: new afforestation the first two years can interplant the short bar farming of beans, medicinal material and economic crops.
5. the implantation methods of raising thunder bamboo shoots seedling breeding output according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the cladding material mainly leaf of bamboo, rice chaff, straw, wheat husk or the weeds covering bamboo plantation, covering method generally adopts double-deck cladding process, lower floor is thermosphere, 15cm-20cm, the temperature enhancing material of employing is the leaf of bamboo, straw or weeds, and upper strata is heat-insulation layer, 10cm-20cm, the temperature enhancing material of employing is rice chaff; Controlling surface temperature is about 15 DEG C, removes and covers thing at early March, and the temperature rises to during higher than covering ground temperature, should by removing covering.
6. the implantation methods of raising thunder bamboo shoots seedling breeding output according to claim 1, is characterized in that: cut out the bamboo that blooms in time, increases nitrogenous fertilizer, blooms for suppressing to slow down Lei Zhu.
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CN110692448A (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2020-01-17 | 丽水市林业科学研究院 | Method for promoting bamboo shoots of yellow sweet bamboos to emerge in advance |
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