CN104488516A - Method for non-tillage covering cultivation of corn by using crofton weed - Google Patents
Method for non-tillage covering cultivation of corn by using crofton weed Download PDFInfo
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- CN104488516A CN104488516A CN201410775706.5A CN201410775706A CN104488516A CN 104488516 A CN104488516 A CN 104488516A CN 201410775706 A CN201410775706 A CN 201410775706A CN 104488516 A CN104488516 A CN 104488516A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for non-tillage covering cultivation of corn by using crofton weed, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural production. The method for non-tillage covering cultivation of the corn by using the crofton weed mainly comprises the following steps: sowing; applying a base fertilizer; controlling weed; covering with the crofton weed; performing final seedling; applying an additional fertilizer, wherein whole stalks and whole fields are uniformly covered along corn rows by using 22,500 kg of stems and leaves of the non-flowering crofton weed every hectare in the covering step of the crofton weed. The whole process of sowing, base fertilizer application, soil covering, weed controlling and crofton weed covering is finished in one step; the used crofton weed covering has the effects of water retention, temperature increase, leaf area increase and improvement of corn yield; the method has the advantage that the crofton weed is convenient to take and can be utilized on the spot; the contradiction between covering of crop straws and fighting with livestock for coarse fodders is overcome; a new approach is provided for application of the crofton weed in agriculture; sustainable development of the agriculture at arid areas and semi-arid areas is favorably promoted.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of agricultural production technologies, particularly a kind of method utilizing Eupatorium adenophorum no-tillage and cover maize planting.
Background technology
Eupatorium adenophorum is one of great ecocatas-trophe species of China's Faced In Sustainable Development.It originates in Central America, and about forties in 20th century imports south of Yunnan into by Chinese China-Myanmar border, be now distributed widely in Yunnan, Sichuan, Guizhou, Guangxi a lot of area and northwards pass with speed faster.Eupatorium adenophorum is as a kind of malignant weed, and seed is very little, strong stress resistance, can carry out sexual propagation and vegetative propagation, cause serious threat to the bio-diversity of tropical and subtropical region.
For slowing down the expansion of Eupatorium adenophorum and spreading, people take chemical agent, biological natural enemy to administer and machinery, manually pull out, the multiple way such as baked wheaten cake, but it is all little to produce effects.Comprehensive utilization aspect, numerous scientific workers have carried out systematic research to Eupatorium adenophorum in fields such as the energy, feed, fiber board manufacture, dyestuff, insecticide, edible fungi substrates, achieve gratifying achievement, but just there is the problems such as operation is loaded down with trivial details, cost is higher.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming that exists in prior art with not enough, a kind of method utilizing Eupatorium adenophorum no-tillage and cover maize planting is provided.
Object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of method utilizing Eupatorium adenophorum no-tillage and cover maize planting, specifically comprises the following steps:
1) sow
At the beginning of 5 months, carry out the sowing of losing no time in sowing while there is sufficient moisture in the soil of corn, adopt wide-narrow row planting, wide row 0.6m, narrow row 0.4m, does not need during sowing to turn over, and directly on sowing row, opens a dark seed furrow of 8 ~ 12 centimetres, by grain apart from 11 ~ 13.5 centimetres of drillings, per hectare sowing 75000 ~ 90000;
2) apply fertilizer to the subsoil
Apply the composite fertilizer that urea, superphosphate and potassium sulfate mix apart from seed 4 ~ 6cm place in seed furrow side, wherein (46%) 90 kilogram, urea of executing in per hectare, superphosphate (12%) 900 kilogram, potassium sulfate (50%) 210 kilogram, earthing 2.5 ~ 3.5 centimetres;
3) weed control
After earthing, per hectare soil is watered 675 kilograms with 50% acetochlor ec 1125 ~ 1500 milliliters and 38% atrazine 1125 ~ 1500 milliliters and kills weeds;
4) Eupatorium adenophorum covers
Then capable of whole stalk full field uniform fold along corn by the Eupatorium adenophorum cauline leaf per hectare 22500 kilograms of not blooming;
5) final singling
By spacing in the rows 24 ~ 26 ㎝ final singling after emerging, per hectare is kept a full stand of seedings 58000 ~ 63000 strains;
6) apply to topdress
The corn typhon mouth phase applies 510 kg urea (46%) to per hectare and topdresses.
Step 1) described in corn be preferably that plant type is compact, the corn variety of high yield, better resistance.
Step 1) described in sowing of losing no time in sowing while there is sufficient moisture in the soil refer in easy arid area in early spring, catch early spring temperature go up, soil thaw after moisture (soil moisture content) relatively high time, carry out seeding operation as early as possible, the agricultural being beneficial to save from damage seedling robs planting early enough measure; General Requirements soil plough horizon 0 ~ 10 centimetre of water content reaches 16% ~ 18%, and 10 centimetres of ground temperature are stable by sowing of just can losing no time in sowing while there is sufficient moisture in the soil when 7 ~ 8 DEG C.
Wherein, step 2) described in urea (46%) for leaded wastewater in urea be 46%; Superphosphate (12%) is P in superphosphate
2o
5content is 12%; Potassium sulfate (50%) is k in potassium phosphate
2o content is 50%.
Wherein, step 6) described in the corn typhon mouth phase be corn nourishment growth and reproduction growth go forward side by side the stage, at this moment the 11st leaf of corn launches, large pallette goes out on several, top, and as a typhon, now plant forms about 60%, tassel has started to carry out floret differentiation, being the critical period that corncob grain number form becomes, if at this moment rich water abundance is conducive to the increase of corn grain number per spike, is the critical period of corn fertilizing.The nitrogenous fertilizer now applying to account for total nitrogen fertilizer application amount 85%, as topdressing, can make milpa can not be excessive, and the large and output of fruit ear increases.
The present invention has following advantage and effect relative to prior art:
This invention is accomplished to sow, apply fertilizer to the subsoil, earthing, weed control and Eupatorium adenophorum cover that overall process is disposable to be completed, Eupatorium adenophorum used covers the effect having water conservation, heat, increase leaf area, improve corn per unit area yield, and have that Eupatorium adenophorum is drawn materials conveniently, the advantage of local use concurrently, overcome and utilize crops straw to cover the contradiction of fighting for roughage with livestock, for the application of Eupatorium adenophorum in agricultural provides a new way, be conducive to promoting arid, that semiarid zone is agriculture sustainable development.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Embodiment 1
Utilize a method for Eupatorium adenophorum no-tillage and cover maize planting, specifically comprise the following steps:
1) sow
Selection plant type is compact, the corn variety of high yield, better resistance, the sowing of losing no time in sowing while there is sufficient moisture in the soil of corn is carried out after harvesting wheat at the beginning of 5 months, adopt wide-narrow row planting, wide row 0.6m, narrow row 0.4m, does not need during sowing to turn over, and directly on sowing row, opens a dark seed furrow of 8 ~ 12 centimetres, by grain apart from 11 ~ 13.5 centimetres of drillings, per hectare sowing 75000 ~ 90000;
2) apply fertilizer to the subsoil
Apply the composite fertilizer that urea, superphosphate and potassium sulfate mix apart from seed 4 ~ 6cm place in seed furrow side, wherein (46%) 90 kilogram, urea of executing in per hectare, superphosphate (12%) 900 kilogram, potassium sulfate (50%) 210 kilogram, earthing 2.5 ~ 3.5 centimetres;
3) weed control
After earthing, per hectare soil is watered 675 kilograms with 50% acetochlor ec 1125 ~ 1500 milliliters and 38% atrazine 1125 ~ 1500 milliliters and kills weeds;
4) Eupatorium adenophorum covers
Then capable of whole stalk full field uniform fold along corn by the Eupatorium adenophorum cauline leaf per hectare 22500 kilograms of not blooming;
5) final singling
By spacing in the rows 24 ~ 26 ㎝ final singling after emerging, per hectare is kept a full stand of seedings 58000 ~ 63000 strains;
6) apply to topdress
The corn typhon mouth phase applies 510 kg urea (46%) to per hectare and topdresses.
Step 1) described in sowing of losing no time in sowing while there is sufficient moisture in the soil refer in easy arid area in early spring, catch early spring temperature go up, soil thaw after moisture (soil moisture content) relatively high time, carry out seeding operation as early as possible, the agricultural being beneficial to save from damage seedling robs planting early enough measure; General Requirements soil plough horizon 0 ~ 10 centimetre of water content reaches 16% ~ 18%, and 10 centimetres of ground temperature are stable by sowing of just can losing no time in sowing while there is sufficient moisture in the soil when 7 ~ 8 DEG C.
Wherein, step 2) described in urea (46%) for leaded wastewater in urea be 46%; Superphosphate (12%) is P in superphosphate
2o
5content is 12%; Potassium sulfate (50%) is k in potassium phosphate
2o content is 50%.
Wherein, step 6) described in the corn typhon mouth phase be corn nourishment growth and reproduction growth go forward side by side the stage, at this moment the 11st leaf of corn launches, large pallette goes out on several, top, and as a typhon, now plant forms about 60%, tassel has started to carry out floret differentiation, being the critical period that corncob grain number form becomes, if at this moment rich water abundance is conducive to the increase of corn grain number per spike, is the critical period of corn fertilizing.The nitrogenous fertilizer now applying to account for total nitrogen fertilizer application amount 85%, as topdressing, can make milpa can not be excessive, and the large and output of fruit ear increases.
For exploring Eupatorium adenophorum no-tillage and cover to the effect of increasing production of corn, field trial research has been carried out in Yunnan Prov Academy Of Agricultural Sciences, Agricultural Research Institute Of Environmental Resources, result shows: Eupatorium adenophorum no-tillage and cover maize planting per unit area yield is 9796.5 kg/ha, process 8622 kilograms of volume increase 1174.5 kg/ha than custom plantation (plantation of turning over), amplification is 13.6%; Each corn plant height ratio custom plantation increase by 11.2 ~ 25.4 breeding time ㎝, amplification is 3.1 ~ 60.6%; Maximum SL A is increased to 0.19 ㎡ by 0.16 ㎡ being accustomed to planting; Increase by 0.03 ㎡, increase 18.8%.At 0 ~ 10 ㎝ soil layer, seedling stage, soil moisture content brought up to 24.7%, the many retainings of per hectare about 36 tons by be accustomed to planting 22.3%; Ground temperature brings up to 26.5 DEG C by 25.5 DEG C.
This invention is accomplished to sow, apply fertilizer to the subsoil, earthing, weed control and Eupatorium adenophorum cover that overall process is disposable to be completed, Eupatorium adenophorum used covers the effect having water conservation, heat, increase leaf area, improve corn per unit area yield, and have that Eupatorium adenophorum is drawn materials conveniently, the advantage of local use concurrently, overcome and utilize crops straw to cover the contradiction of fighting for roughage with livestock, for the application of Eupatorium adenophorum in agricultural provides a new way, be conducive to promoting arid, that semiarid zone is agriculture sustainable development.
Above-described embodiment is the present invention's preferably embodiment; but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; change, the modification done under other any does not deviate from Spirit Essence of the present invention and principle, substitute, combine, simplify; all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. utilize a method for Eupatorium adenophorum no-tillage and cover maize planting, it is characterized in that specifically comprising the following steps:
1) sow
At the beginning of 5 months, carry out the sowing of losing no time in sowing while there is sufficient moisture in the soil of corn, adopt wide-narrow row planting, wide row 0.6m, narrow row 0.4m, does not need during sowing to turn over, and directly on sowing row, opens a dark seed furrow of 8 ~ 12 centimetres, by grain apart from 11 ~ 13.5 centimetres of drillings, per hectare sowing 75000 ~ 90000;
2) apply fertilizer to the subsoil
The composite fertilizer that urea, superphosphate and potassium sulfate mix is applied apart from seed 4 ~ 6cm place, wherein 90 kilograms, urea of executing in per hectare, superphosphate 900 kilograms, potassium sulfate 210 kilograms, earthing 2.5 ~ 3.5 centimetres in seed furrow side;
3) weed control
After earthing, per hectare soil is watered 675 kilograms with 50% acetochlor ec 1125 ~ 1500 milliliters and 38% atrazine 1125 ~ 1500 milliliters and kills weeds;
4) Eupatorium adenophorum covers
Then capable of whole stalk full field uniform fold along corn by the Eupatorium adenophorum cauline leaf per hectare 22500 kilograms of not blooming;
5) final singling
By spacing in the rows 24 ~ 26 ㎝ final singling after emerging, per hectare is kept a full stand of seedings 58000 ~ 63000 strains;
6) apply to topdress
The corn typhon mouth phase applies 510 kg urea to per hectare and topdresses.
2. the method utilizing Eupatorium adenophorum no-tillage and cover maize planting according to claim 1, is characterized in that: step 1) described in corn be that plant type is compact, the corn variety of high yield, better resistance.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410775706.5A CN104488516B (en) | 2014-12-15 | 2014-12-15 | A kind of method of utilization Eupatorium adenophorum no-tillage and cover maize planting |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410775706.5A CN104488516B (en) | 2014-12-15 | 2014-12-15 | A kind of method of utilization Eupatorium adenophorum no-tillage and cover maize planting |
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| CN104488516A true CN104488516A (en) | 2015-04-08 |
| CN104488516B CN104488516B (en) | 2017-10-17 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104838855A (en) * | 2015-05-15 | 2015-08-19 | 张掖市农业科学研究院 | Planting method of green sweet corns |
| CN105432311A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-03-30 | 狄正兴 | Cultivation method for covering oilseed rape straw between corn rows |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2007019178A2 (en) * | 2005-08-03 | 2007-02-15 | Cargill, Incorporated | Corn protein concentrates |
| CN102960241A (en) * | 2012-12-11 | 2013-03-13 | 云南西都种业有限责任公司 | Seed selection and breeding method of hybrid corn new species |
| CN103039242A (en) * | 2012-12-22 | 2013-04-17 | 苍溪县农业技术推广站 | Pollution-free and high-yield cultivation method for corns |
| CN103125257A (en) * | 2013-03-26 | 2013-06-05 | 云南省农业科学院药用植物研究所 | Environment-friendly prevention and control method of panax notoginseng diseases |
| CN103694020A (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2014-04-02 | 攀枝花市西宇生物科技有限公司 | Comprehensive utilization process for ageratina adenophora |
-
2014
- 2014-12-15 CN CN201410775706.5A patent/CN104488516B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2007019178A2 (en) * | 2005-08-03 | 2007-02-15 | Cargill, Incorporated | Corn protein concentrates |
| CN102960241A (en) * | 2012-12-11 | 2013-03-13 | 云南西都种业有限责任公司 | Seed selection and breeding method of hybrid corn new species |
| CN103039242A (en) * | 2012-12-22 | 2013-04-17 | 苍溪县农业技术推广站 | Pollution-free and high-yield cultivation method for corns |
| CN103125257A (en) * | 2013-03-26 | 2013-06-05 | 云南省农业科学院药用植物研究所 | Environment-friendly prevention and control method of panax notoginseng diseases |
| CN103694020A (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2014-04-02 | 攀枝花市西宇生物科技有限公司 | Comprehensive utilization process for ageratina adenophora |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 李兵; 周金玉; 马武芬: "紫茎泽兰在云南等地的开发利用前景", 《现代农业科技》 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104838855A (en) * | 2015-05-15 | 2015-08-19 | 张掖市农业科学研究院 | Planting method of green sweet corns |
| CN104838855B (en) * | 2015-05-15 | 2017-09-26 | 张掖市农业科学研究院 | A kind of implantation methods of green corn |
| CN105432311A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-03-30 | 狄正兴 | Cultivation method for covering oilseed rape straw between corn rows |
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| CN104488516B (en) | 2017-10-17 |
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Granted publication date: 20171017 Termination date: 20181215 |