CN102960241A - Seed selection and breeding method of hybrid corn new species - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a seed selection and breeding method of a hybrid corn new species. The method comprises the following steps of: selecting an elite plant and Zhen 367 from local corn seeds in Buniyasa Village, Pan Country, Guizhou as basis materials for cultivating a No. 37-3 female parent of an inbred line, taking 478 and Dan 340 for hybridization, choosing the best for inbred cultivation to obtain a No. 97-1 male parent, performing test-cross on strains 37-3 and 97-1, performing multi-point test screening, and breeding the high-yield corn new species, namely Senyu No. 8. The method disclosed by the invention realizes the agricultural requirements for high yield and stable yield, and the corn species has the advantages of high yield, stable yield, high quality, high resistance and wide suitability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the corn selection, be specifically related to gloomy beautiful No. 8 hybrid maize varieties seed selection and breeding method.
Background technology
At present, the corn variety of large-area applications is Zheng Dan 958 and dredges single 20, Zheng Dan, 958 production applications for many years in the production, and kind property is degenerated to some extent, and its comprehensive resistance, yielding ability all descend to some extent; Dredge single 20 disease resistances, yielding ability is all fine, but maximum shortcoming is the biased height of fringe, easily lodging is often because of the lodging Severe Reduction.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to cultivate a kind of needs that satisfy the agricultural year stable yields, the corn seed of high yield, stable yields, high-quality, high resistance, wide adaptability is main target.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is by the following technical solutions:
The present invention relates to a kind of gloomy beautiful No. 8 hybrid maize varieties seed selection and breeding method, it is characterized in that: adopt the following steps seed selection:
1. mend mute the removing of mud from Panxian of Guizhou and select good strain and loyal 367 to be hybridized to the local maize seed in village to pre-pay kind, therefrom roguing was through 6 generations selfing in 3 years, and seed selection forms maternal 37-3; Carry out the roguing seed selection with 478 with red 340 hybridization, through the preferentially selfing in 3 years 6 generations, seed selection forms male parent 97-1;
2. choose isolated area, prevent that the foreign pollen string is assorted, in real time early sowing, rational close planting regulates the wrong phase of Parent, broadcasts first female parent, treats to broadcast male parent in 6 days, and parental is 1:6, and flower synchronization is good, and randomised block design, residential quarter area 20m are adopted in test
2, zone leader 5m, wide 4m repeats for three times, five-element district, wide-and narrow-row or wait the line-spacing plantation, planting density 3800-4000 strain/mus are sowed with the best climate and other natural phenomena of a season in locality, the middle three row meters product in paid residential quarter;
3. strengthen rich water quality management, strictly hold and castrate to close, accomplish totally, in time, thoroughly, establish that quality first;
4. choosing is that 37-3 and 97-1 are measured, and through the multiple spot experiment sieving, selects corn variety gloomy beautiful No. 8;
Adopt the following steps breeding:
1. selection of land: the irrigated land corn should select that physical features is smooth, well-formed, good permeability, plot that soil fertility is higher, the overlay film corn can be selected middle fertility above non-irrigated level land, bench terrace, must guard against and selects steep hillslope, waterlogged lowland, heavy saline, criminal's wind ground;
2. whole basal dressing: the autumn fertilising should be carried out in area with good conditionsi, the autumn ploughs and the autumn and winter are converged ground, turns over mu in conjunction with the front stubble autumn and executes farmyard manure 2000-2500kg, turns over rear timely rake drag and drags flatly, chooses clean root stubble, accomplish Horizon, soil thin, without rubbish, unrooted stubble;
3. sowing: the irrigated land is sowing at the beginning of mid-March to 5 month, the overlay film corn was than local open country corn early sowing 7-10 days, every mu of seeding quantity is 2kg, can adopt narrow-row drilling, wide row 70cm, spacing in the rows 30cm gloomy beautiful No. 8, mu is kept a full stand of seedings about 4000 strains, after planting, every mu of usefulness 48% drag-line missible oil 200-250mL is watered 30-40kg or is watered 30-40kg with 50% acetochlor ec 100-150mL and evenly sprays the earth's surface;
4. execute seed manure: execute special compound fertilizer for corns 20-25kg, zinc sulphate 1-2kg or every mu for every mu and execute diammonium phosphate 12-15kg, urea 3-5kg, ammonification potassium or potassium sulphate 5-7kg, zinc sulphate 1-2kg;
5. field management: in time thinning, final singling and intertill and clean tillage, thinning during 3-4 sheet leaf, final singling during 5-6 sheet leaf, and intertill and clean tillage is carried out in final singling between combination, (before when pulling out) imposes jointing fertilizer during 6-7 sheet leaf, impose urea 10-12 kilogram in conjunction with plowing every mu, water subsequently, corn is long to carry out topdressing to 13-14 sheet leaf the second time, mu imposes 20 kilograms in urea, in the middle of two strain corns or in the corn both sides, dig the 10cm deep-topdressing, earthing, and water in good time;
6. prevent and treat mythimna separata and corn borer: be sprinkled in the horn mouth with the thimet granule, every strain 7-8 grain, reserve level 1-1.5 kilogram, corn grouting will be watered in right amount according to the rainfall situation.
Beneficial effect
Gloomy beautiful No. 8 is that the corn single cross hybrid that industry Co., Ltd breeds is planted by Guizhou Daewoo, with the assorted male parent 97-1 of maternal 37-3.Maternal 37-3 mended mute the removing of mud from Panxian of Guizhou in 2000 to select elite plant and loyal 367 to hand over into the local maize seed in village to pre-pay kind, and therefrom roguing was through 6 generations selfing in 3 years, and it is good to breed Comprehensive Traits, coordinate force height, adaptable inbred line.Full fertility is 128 days, though the sheet light green color, leaf sheath is green; seedling stage, blade gap distance was short, and blade is the exhibition type that drapes over one's shoulders, plant height 180cm; the high 75cm in fringe position, 16 of total leaf numbers, spike length 14.5cm; the thick 3.8cm of fringe, tassel row number 10-12 is capable, the heavy 66.2g of single fringe grain; thousand kernel weight 240g, seed is yellow, the solids type; white axle, tassel are red.The male and female Honoka phase is consistent, female fringe Bao Yechang, and it is neat to weave silk, and filigree is white.The long tubular of fruit ear, resistant to lodging, disease resistance is good, the proterties stable and consistent.
Male parent 97-1 hybridizes with 478 and red 340 to carry out the roguing seed selection, and through the preferentially selfing in 3 years 6 generations, it is high to have bred coordinate force, the inbred line of resistance.Be 132 days breeding time, and seedling leaves is green, and the leaf sheath light green color is to shooting stage blade upper punch, light green.Plant height 190cm, the high 83cm in fringe position, 18 of total leaf numbers; spike length 13.4cm, the thick 4.6cm of fringe, tassel row number 14-16 is capable; the heavy 80.3g thousand kernel weight of single fringe grain 2801g, seed is yellow, red axle; half horse flute profile, tassel is flourishing, and pollen amount is large; the flower pesticide light green, pollen grain husk shell is slightly red, tassel white; the male and female florescence is consistent, male and female line number Bao Yechang, filigree white.The long cartridge type of fruit ear, resistance, proterties stable and consistent.
Winter in 2003 was measured in Hainan self bred inbred line 37-3 and 97-1, through the multiple spot experiment sieving, and gloomy beautiful No. 8 of the high-yield corn new varieties that select, disease resistance is stronger, and adaptability is better.
Gloomy beautiful No. 8 that the method according to this invention is cultivated is disease-resistant, anti-fall, the stable high yield corn variety of China's high yield high-combining ability germplasm cross breeding, and it has following at least one or a plurality of advantage.
1, disease resistance is strong, through the disease inoculated identification result of plant protection institute of Yunnan Province agriculture university: in anti-helminthosporium maydis, head smut, it is sick to feel curved fringe, feels curved spore disease, rust, ear rot, banded sclerotial blight, stem rot, highly feels graywall, leaf blight.
2, lodging resistance is strong, and reasonably plant type structure, lower fringe position and flourishing root system make this kind have extremely strong anti-fall performance, and have stronger drought resistance.
3, stable high yield was participated in Lincang City's hybrid maize variety regional test (mid-early maturity group) in gloomy beautiful No. 8 2008, average yield per mu 585.9kg, and contrast " Xing Huangdan 892 " volume increase 8.2%, volume increase reaches utmost point significance level; Continuous examination average yield per mu 684kg in 2009, contrast " Xing Huangdan 892 " volume increase 17.87%, volume increase reaches extremely remarkable.
4, best in quality, exterior quality is good, detect through Ministry of Agriculture's cereal and quality of item supervision and inspection center: unit weight 732g/L, surpass country-level commodity (710g/L) Standard for Maize, crude protein (butt) 11.46%, crude fat (butt) 4.59%, thick starch (butt) 69.33%, lysine (butt) 0.34%.
5, seeding technique is simple, and output is high, and the seed production cost is low.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
1, parental source
Mend mute the removing in the local maize seed in village of mud take Panxian of Guizhou and select elite plant to cultivate maternal 37-3 with loyal 367 as basic material, therefrom roguing was through 6 generations selfing in 3 years, and seed selection forms maternal 37-3;
Cultivate male parent 97-1 take 478 and red 340 as basic material, through the preferentially selfing in 3 years 6 generations, seed selection forms male parent 97-1.
2, feature
2.1 seedling and tree characteristics: this kind seedling growth is strong, leaf sheath is aubergine, the blade tip end is oblate, fringe position section cane band purple, plant type is half compactness, plant height 255cm, the high 126cm in fringe position, filigree white, flower pesticide is yellow, and tassel is aubergine, and loose powder is concentrated, pollen amount is large, seedling stage first leaf blade tip shape point to circular, leaf sheath anthocyanin color is strong, in the angle between fringe upper leaf and stem, upper leaf attitude hettocyrtosis type, l/3 place leaf stance flexion type, in the width of blade, 18 of total leaf numbers.
2.2 fruit ear and grain characters: fruit ear is cartridge type, spike length 18.6cm, and tassel row number 14.9 row, several 29.3 of row grain, thousand kernel weight 284.1 grams, seed-producing rate 83.2%, 3.0 centimetres of bald sharp degree, the axle look red, horse partially in the grain type, seed is yellow.Fruit ear was weaved silk in the time; In the filigree anthocyanin color intensity; A little less than the fruit ear bract lepicena anthocyanin color intensity; In the fringe handle length; Fruit ear shape cylinder shape; The cob color is red; Seed top yellow of light color, axle side seed coat color far away is yellow, and the seed type is like the horse flute profile.
2.3 breeding time: be medium variety the 113 days time of infertility, blue or green bar yellow maturity.
2.4 resistance: 2009 through the disease inoculated identification result of plant protection institute of Yunnan Province agriculture university: in anti-helminthosporium maydis, head smut, it is sick to feel curved fringe, feels curved spore disease, rust, ear rot, banded sclerotial blight, stem rot, highly feels graywall, leaf blight.
2.5 quality: exterior quality is good, detects through Ministry of Agriculture's cereal and quality of item supervision and inspection center: unit weight 732g/L, crude protein (butt) 11.46%, crude fat (butt) 4.59%, thick starch (butt) 69.33%, lysine (butt) 0.34%.
3, output performance
Participated in the test of Lincang Prefecture, Yunnan Province in 2008, the average standby 585.9kg that produces, contrast " Xing Huangdan 892 " volume increase 8.2%, the output luffing is 489.0-733.0kg.Wherein face Xiang point contrast " Xing Huangdan 892 " volume increase 4.7%; Zhenkang point contrast " Xing Huangdan 892 " volume increase 20%; Deep blue source point contrast " Xing Huangdan 892 " volume increase 4.3%; Two river point contrasts " Xing Huangdan 892 " volume increase 4.8%, disease resistance is stronger, and adaptability is better.
4, seeding technique
Choose isolated area, prevent that the foreign pollen string is assorted.
In real time early sowing, rational close planting regulates the wrong phase of Parent, broadcasts first female parent, treats to broadcast male parent in 6 days, and the male parent row is advisable than 1:6, and flower synchronization is good.
Strengthen rich water quality management.
Strictly hold and castrate to close, accomplish totally, in time, thoroughly, establish that quality first.
Strengthen artificial pollination, improve output, in good time results.
Strengthen the breeding of parent's pure keeping.
5, high-yield culture technique
Planting early enough is sowed before and after Clear and Bright and is advisable in good time.
Rational close planting, every mu of plantation 3800-4000 strain is advisable.
Apply fertilizers scientifically and in time pour water, use sufficient base fertilizer, N, P, K compounding application; Topdress minutes for 3 times, accomplish " front light, middle heavy, rear benefit ", " 3 cun far away, and 3 cun dark, and no seedling injury is not hindered root ".50 kilograms of every mu of consumptions are enhanced field management, in time irrigation and drainage.
Table 1: phenophase, resistance, tree characteristics and the proterties record of fringe section
Continued 1
Continued 2
Table 2: corn regional test output
Table 3: corn variety Disease Resistance Identification result
Table 4: variety trial variance analysis table (by distinguishing fully at random the group model design analysis)
Table 5: each each breed difference significance Duncan, S multiple ratio are
| Process | Average | 5% significance level | 1% utmost point significance level |
| 7(people's expectations jade 18) | 12.786667 | a | A |
| 11（RD7—13） | 12.693333 | a | AB |
| 3(calabash shell serving as a dipper examination 2587) | 12.313334 | ab | AB |
| Beautiful No. 2 of 4(farming) | 12.26 | ab | AB |
| 5（YA920682） | 12.133333 | ab | AB |
| 2(honest 818) | 11.913333 | b | ABC |
| 6(self-sufficient and strategically located region jade 07-1) | 11.86 | b | BC |
| No. 3,9(China examination) | 11.086667 | c | CD |
| No. 8,1(pilot scale) | 10.713333 | cd | DE |
| 12(Xing Huangdan 892ck) | 10.446667 | d | DE |
| Gloomy beautiful No. 8 of 8() | 10.186666 | d | E |
| 10(Bi Dan 15) | 10.106667 | d | E |
。
Claims (1)
1. a hybrid maize variety is chosen seeds and breeding method, and the step that it is characterized in that choosing seeds is as follows:
Mend mute the removing of mud from Panxian of Guizhou and select good strain and loyal 367 to be hybridized to the local maize seed in village to pre-pay kind, therefrom roguing was through 6 generations selfing in 3 years, and seed selection forms maternal 37-3; Carry out the roguing seed selection with 478 with red 340 hybridization, through the preferentially selfing in 3 years 6 generations, seed selection forms male parent 97-1;
The breeding step is as follows:
Whole ground basal dressing: autumn fertilising should be carried out in area with good conditionsi, the autumn ploughs and the autumn and winter are converged ground, turns over mu in conjunction with the front stubble autumn and executes farmyard manure 2000-2500kg, turns over rear timely rake drag and drags flatly, chooses clean root stubble, accomplish Horizon, soil thin, without rubbish, unrooted stubble;
Execute seed manure: execute special compound fertilizer for corns 20-25kg, zinc sulphate 1-2kg or every mu for every mu and execute diammonium phosphate 12-15kg, urea 3-5kg, ammonification potassium or potassium sulphate 5-7kg, zinc sulphate 1-2kg;
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103430832A (en) * | 2013-08-19 | 2013-12-11 | 广西兆和种业有限公司 | Corn breeding method |
| CN103461114A (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2013-12-25 | 广西万禾种业有限公司 | Method for growing hybrid corn |
| CN104488516A (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2015-04-08 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所 | Method for non-tillage covering cultivation of corn by using crofton weed |
| CN105218198A (en) * | 2015-11-06 | 2016-01-06 | 东北农业大学 | The integrated fertilizing method that the agricultural machinery agronomy that a kind of cold ground corn yield and quality promotes combines |
| CN105454031A (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2016-04-06 | 云南北玉种子科技有限公司 | Cultivation method of high-yield and high-resistance corn |
| CN107581052A (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2018-01-16 | 沈阳北玉种子科技有限公司 | A kind of seed selection of corn variety and cultivation technique |
| CN107581053A (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2018-01-16 | 沈阳北玉种子科技有限公司 | A kind of breeding technique of the beautiful corn variety in north |
| CN108283114A (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2018-07-17 | 安徽天勤农业科技有限公司 | A kind of molecular breeding method of height cold resistance corn seed |
| CN109220783A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-01-18 | 曲靖促创科技有限公司 | A kind of good quality and high output extensively fits the breeding method of corn variety |
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- 2012-12-11 CN CN 201210532700 patent/CN102960241A/en active Pending
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103430832A (en) * | 2013-08-19 | 2013-12-11 | 广西兆和种业有限公司 | Corn breeding method |
| CN103461114A (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2013-12-25 | 广西万禾种业有限公司 | Method for growing hybrid corn |
| CN104488516A (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2015-04-08 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所 | Method for non-tillage covering cultivation of corn by using crofton weed |
| CN104488516B (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2017-10-17 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所 | A kind of method of utilization Eupatorium adenophorum no-tillage and cover maize planting |
| CN105218198A (en) * | 2015-11-06 | 2016-01-06 | 东北农业大学 | The integrated fertilizing method that the agricultural machinery agronomy that a kind of cold ground corn yield and quality promotes combines |
| CN105218198B (en) * | 2015-11-06 | 2018-05-04 | 东北农业大学 | The integrated fertilizing method that a kind of agricultural machinery agronomy of cold ground corn yield and quality lifting combines |
| CN105454031A (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2016-04-06 | 云南北玉种子科技有限公司 | Cultivation method of high-yield and high-resistance corn |
| CN107581052A (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2018-01-16 | 沈阳北玉种子科技有限公司 | A kind of seed selection of corn variety and cultivation technique |
| CN107581053A (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2018-01-16 | 沈阳北玉种子科技有限公司 | A kind of breeding technique of the beautiful corn variety in north |
| CN108283114A (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2018-07-17 | 安徽天勤农业科技有限公司 | A kind of molecular breeding method of height cold resistance corn seed |
| CN109220783A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-01-18 | 曲靖促创科技有限公司 | A kind of good quality and high output extensively fits the breeding method of corn variety |
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Application publication date: 20130313 |