CN102960240A - Seed selection and breeding method of Xidan No.5 hybrid corn new species - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a seed selection and breeding method of a Xidan No.5 hybrid corn new species. The method comprises the following steps of: taking a self-selected material 808 from Pan Country, Guizhou as a basis material for cultivating an inbred female parent Y-1, taking conventional big and yellow corn from a Guizhou mountain area as a basis material for cultivating an inbred male parent D1-7, performing test-cross on the strains Y-1 and the D1-7, performing multi-point test screening and breeding the high-yield corn new species, namely Xidan No.5. The method disclosed by the invention realizes the agricultural requirements for high yield and stable yield, and the corn species has the advantages of high yield, stable yield, high quality, high resistance and wide suitability.

Description

No. 5 hybrid maize variety seed selections in Xidan and breeding method

Technical field

The present invention relates to the corn selection, be specifically related to No. 5 hybrid maize variety seed selections in Xidan and breeding method.

Background technology

At present, the corn variety of large-area applications is Zheng Dan 958 and dredges single 20, Zheng Dan, 958 production applications for many years in the production, and kind property is degenerated to some extent, and its comprehensive resistance, yielding ability all descend to some extent; Dredge single 20 disease resistances, yielding ability is all fine, but maximum shortcoming is the biased height of fringe, easily lodging is often because of the lodging Severe Reduction.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention is to cultivate a kind of needs that satisfy the agricultural year stable yields, the corn seed of high yield, stable yields, high-quality, high resistance, wide adaptability is main target.

To achieve these goals, the present invention is by the following technical solutions:

No. 5 hybrid maize variety seed selections in a kind of Xidan and breeding method is characterized in that: adopt the following steps seed selection:

1. cultivate maternal Y-1 from material selection 808 as basic material take Panxian of Guizhou, from the Panxian of Guizhou variant of from material selection 808 parting materials, choosing seeds, the same year is through Hainan in Winter selfing bagging breeding, continuous 4 years on Guizhou, Hainan and other places 8 generations of good fruit ear preferentially selfing become maternal Y-1; With selecting the good individual plant bagging selfing of Comprehensive Traits in the Panxian of Guizhou rheum officinale maize, plant through Hainan in Winter the same year, therefrom selects the selfing of good plant individual plant bagging, therefrom select good fruit ear on Hainan, Guizhou and other places continuous 5 years 10 generations preferentially selfing become male parent D1-7;

2. choose isolated area, prevent that the foreign pollen string is assorted, in real time early sowing, rational close planting regulates the wrong phase of Parent, broadcasts first male parent, treats to broadcast female parent in 7 days, and parental 1:5～1:6 is advisable;

3. strengthen rich water quality management, strictly hold and castrate to close, accomplish totally, in time, thoroughly, establish that quality first;

4. strengthen artificial pollination, improve output, results are strengthened the breeding of parent's pure keeping in good time, and spontaneous pollination male parent ratio is not less than 15%.

Adopt the following steps breeding:

1. selection of land: the irrigated land corn should select that physical features is smooth, well-formed, good permeability, plot that soil fertility is higher, the overlay film corn can be selected middle fertility above non-irrigated level land, bench terrace, must guard against and selects steep hillslope, waterlogged lowland, heavy saline, criminal's wind ground;

2. whole basal dressing: the sowing father's former wife executes the 1500kg fertilizer, turns over rear timely rake drag and drags flatly, chooses clean root stubble, accomplish Horizon, soil thin, without rubbish, unrooted stubble;

3. sowing: planting density female parent 3800-4O00 strain/mu, with the best climate and other natural phenomena of a season sowing in locality;

4. execute seed manure: execute special compound fertilizer for corns 60kg as base fertilizer for every mu, urea 40kg topdresses;

5. field management: in time thinning, final singling and intertill and clean tillage, and water, corn grouting will be watered in right amount according to the rainfall situation. in good time

Beneficial effect

The Xidan is for No. 5 that industry Co., Ltd self bred inbred line Y-1 work female parent is all planted in the west, Yunnan, and D1-7 does the paternal hybrid assembly and forms.

Maternal Y-1 sowed in spring 120 days breeding time, summer sowing 115 days, and the leaf look dark green, and plant type half is compact, the proterties stable and consistent; plant height 190cm, the high 95cm in fringe position, 16 of total leaf numbers, spike length 18cm, the thick 4.8cm of fringe; tassel row number 14 row, seed is yellow, and solids type, red axle, tassel are red.

Male parent D1-7 is spring sowing 130 days breeding time, summer sowing 122 days, and the seedling leaves strong green, plant type is compact, the proterties stable and consistent; plant height 176cm, the high 80cm in fringe position, the thick 4.5cm of fringe, tassel row number 14-16 is capable, the heavy 80.3g thousand kernel weight of single fringe grain 2801g; seed is yellow, white axle, and half horse flute profile, filigree is red.

Winter in 2009 was measured in Zhaotong County, Yunnan self bred inbred line Y-1 and D1-7, through the multiple spot experiment sieving, and No. 5, the high-yield corn new varieties Xidan that selects, disease resistance is stronger, and adaptability is better.

Gloomy beautiful No. 8 that the method according to this invention is cultivated is disease-resistant, anti-fall, the stable high yield corn variety of China's high yield high-combining ability germplasm cross breeding, and it has following at least one or a plurality of advantage.

1, disease resistance is strong, leaf blight 0-1 level, helminthosporium maydis 0-1 level, head smut 0, bacterial wilt 0, banded sclerotial blight 0, rust 0-1 level, fringe Maize Ear Rot 0.

2, lodging resistance is strong, and reasonably plant type structure, lower fringe position and flourishing root system make this kind have extremely strong anti-fall performance, average lodging rate 0, and on average the rate of falling the folding 0.

3, stable high yield, the Xidan was participated in Zhaotong City hybrid maize variety regional test (mid-early maturity group) in No. 5 2009, average yield per mu 676.3kg, the output luffing is 461.3～994.9kg/ mu, degree of variation is 5.8804, and average yield is than CKl volume increase 6.5%, and volume increase reaches significance level, volume increase point rate 83.3%, output occupies the 1st of 13 tested varieties.

4, seeding technique is simple, and output is high, and the seed production cost is low.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.

1, parental source

From the Panxian of Guizhou variant of choosing seeds from material selection 808 parting materials, the same year is through the breeding of Hainan in Winter selfing bagging, continuous 4 years on Guizhou, Hainan and other places 8 generations of good fruit ear preferentially selfing become maternal Y-1.

With selecting the good individual plant bagging selfing of Comprehensive Traits in the Panxian of Guizhou rheum officinale maize, plant through Hainan in Winter the same year, therefrom selects the selfing of good plant individual plant bagging, therefrom select good fruit ear on Hainan, Guizhou and other places continuous 5 years 10 generations preferentially selfing become male parent D1-7.

2, feature

2.1 seedling and tree characteristics: plant type is open and flat, the strain regularity is good, plant height 282.8cm, the high 123.9cm in fringe position, spike length 17.4cm, the thick 5.8cm of fringe, bald sharp 1.6cm.

2.2 fruit ear and grain characters: tassel row number 16.7 row, several 34.1 of row grain, thousand kernel weight 371.3g, seed-producing rate 83.6%, the effective fringe 0.97 of individual plant, the heavy 198.1g of single fringe grain, individual plant productivity 191.5g, the fruit ear cartridge type, the yellow horse flute profile of seed, cob is red.

2.3 breeding time: average 146 days breeding times.

2.4 resistance: main disease-resistant resistance performance: average lodging rate 0, on average the rate of falling the folding 0,0-1 grade of leaf blight, 0-1 grade of helminthosporium maydis, head smut O, bacterial wilt 0, banded sclerotial blight 0,0-1 grade of rust, fringe Maize Ear Rot 0.

3, output performance

Average yield per mu 676.3kg, output luffing are 461.3～994.9kg/ mu, and degree of variation is 5.8804,, average yield is than CKl volume increase 6.5%, and volume increase reaches significance level, volume increase point rate 83.3%, output occupies the 1st of 13 tested varieties.

4, seeding technique

Choose isolated area, prevent that the foreign pollen string is assorted.

In real time early sowing, rational close planting regulates the wrong phase of Parent, broadcasts first male parent, treats to broadcast in 7 days female parent, and parental is 1:5～1:6.

Strengthen rich water quality management.

Strictly hold and castrate to close, accomplish totally, in time, thoroughly, establish that quality first.

Strengthen artificial pollination, improve output, in good time results.

Strengthen the breeding of parent's pure keeping.

5, high-yield culture technique

Selection of land: the irrigated land corn should select that physical features is smooth, well-formed, good permeability, plot that soil fertility is higher, and the overlay film corn can be selected middle fertility above non-irrigated level land, bench terrace, must guard against and selects steep hillslope, waterlogged lowland, heavy saline, criminal's wind ground;

Whole ground basal dressing: the sowing father's former wife executes the 1500kg fertilizer, turns over rear timely rake drag and drags flatly, chooses clean root stubble, accomplish Horizon, soil thin, without rubbish, unrooted stubble;

Sowing: planting density female parent 3800-4O00 strain/mu, with the best climate and other natural phenomena of a season sowing in locality;

Execute seed manure: execute special compound fertilizer for corns 60kg as base fertilizer for every mu, urea 40kg topdresses;

Field management: in time thinning, final singling and intertill and clean tillage, and water, corn grouting will be watered in right amount according to the rainfall situation. in good time

Attached sheet: proterties gathers

Each pilot basic condition of table 1

Table 2 product plant and proterties unit of fringe section: day, centimetre, %, gram, individual, capable, grain

Table 3 varietal resistance unit " %, level

Table 4 variety yield list position: kg/ mu, %

Table 5-1 variety trial variance analysis table (be Stochastic Model Analysis for fixing, test site and district level by kind)

Source of variation	df	SS	MS	F
					Place inner region group	12	25.1755	2.098	?
The place	5	2320.672	464.1344	?
					Kind	11	82.6164	4.5106	1.6193
Kind * place	55	255.1047	4.6383	4.9876
					Experimental error	132	122.7541	0.93	?
Total	215	2806.3227	?	?

Table 5-2 variety yield difference alphabetic flag represents the result

Process	Average	5% significance level	1% utmost point significance level
				No. 5, Xidan	12.1661	a	A
No. 6, spring happiness	12.1478	a	A
				No. 33, CK1 Shandong	11.4383	b	AB
Mountain rich 528	11.4028	b	AB
				TS12	11.3833	b	AB
Elder generation beautiful 696	11.3011	b	ABCA
				ZH608	11.0994	b	BCD
No. 1, ten thousand examinations	10.8028	bc	BCD
				Single No. 7 of Shandong	10.7556	bc	BCD
Single No. 8 of Shandong	10.3844	c	CD
				White No. 1 of Yunnan	10.3772	c	CD
ZH2005	10.2094	c	D

Table 5-3 pilot volume variance alphabetic flag represents the result

Process	Average	5% significance level	1% utmost point significance level
				The Ludian	17.3417	a	A
The station, city	12.6575	b	B
				Clear sun	10.4611	c	C
Prestige	9.8717	d	D
				The Yiliang	9.6772	d	D
The high point	6.725	e	E.

。

Claims (1)

1. No. 5 hybrid maize varieties in an Xidan are chosen seeds and breeding method, and the step that it is characterized in that choosing seeds is as follows:

Cultivate maternal Y-1 from material selection 808 as basic material take Panxian of Guizhou, cultivate male parent D1-7 take Guizhou mountainous area rheum officinale maize as basic material;

Choose isolated area, prevent that the foreign pollen string is assorted, in real time early sowing, rational close planting regulates the wrong phase of Parent, broadcasts first male parent, treats to broadcast in 7 days female parent, and parental is 1:5～1:6;

Strengthen rich water quality management, strictly hold to castrate and close, accomplish totally, in time, thoroughly, establish that quality first;

Choosing is that Y-1 and D1-7 are measured, and through the multiple spot experiment sieving, selects No. 5, high-yield corn new varieties Xidan;

The breeding step is as follows:

Selection of land: the irrigated land corn should select that physical features is smooth, well-formed, good permeability, plot that soil fertility is higher, and the overlay film corn can be selected middle fertility above non-irrigated level land, bench terrace, must guard against and selects steep hillslope, waterlogged lowland, heavy saline, criminal's wind ground;

Whole ground basal dressing: execute the 1500kg fertilizer before the sowing, turn over rear timely rake drag and drag flatly, choose clean root stubble, accomplish Horizon, soil thin, without rubbish, unrooted stubble;

Sowing: planting density female parent 3800-4000 strain/mus, with the best climate and other natural phenomena of a season sowing in locality;

Execute seed manure: execute special compound fertilizer for corns 60kg as base fertilizer for every mu, urea 40kg topdresses;

Field management: in time thinning, final singling and intertill and clean tillage, and water, corn grouting will be watered in right amount according to the rainfall situation. in good time