CN102972286A - Seed selecting and breeding method of hybrid corn new variety - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a seed selecting and breeding method of a hybrid corn new variety. The method comprises the following steps of: taking an American 783 line and a Soviet 37 line imported from Henan as base materials and culturing to form a selfing line #7713 female parent; taking a selfing line #176 male parent which takes a local farm variety of the Buniyache village of Guizhou Pan County to select 7713 and 176 lines to carry out measurement; and selecting and breeding a high-output corn new variety Senyu#1 through multi-point test sieving. The cultured Senyu#1 is a new corn variety which is disease-resistant, lodging-resistant, high-output and stable-output, is hybridized and bred by high-output and high-combining-ability seeds in China, and has strong disease resistance and lodging resistance; and according to the new corn variety, a reasonable plant type structure, a lower spike position and a developed root system can be realized, and the variety has the very strong lodging resistance and the relatively strong drought tolerance.

Description

A kind of hybrid maize variety seed selection and breeding method

Technical field

The present invention relates to the corn selection, be specifically related to gloomy beautiful No. 1 hybrid maize variety seed selection and breeding method.

Background technology

At present, the corn variety of large-area applications is Zheng Dan 958 and dredges single 20, Zheng Dan, 958 production applications for many years in the production, and kind property is degenerated to some extent, and its comprehensive resistance, yielding ability all descend to some extent; Dredge single 20 disease resistances, yielding ability is all fine, but maximum shortcoming is the biased height of fringe, easily lodging is often because of the lodging Severe Reduction.For satisfying the ever-increasing demand to high-quality, diversification food of people, especially land utilization rate is stablized, is continued, is developed in a healthy way, the production structure adjustment is carried out in China's agricultural production, maize sown area is increasing, satisfy the needs of agricultural production high yield, high-quality, resistance, wide adaptability, satisfy peasant's needs and cultivate target as maize seed.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention is to for the needs that satisfy agricultural production we high yield, high-quality, resistance, wide adaptability, satisfy peasant's needs, as our breeding goal, can better serving agriculture, Serve the farmers for enterprise provides better kind, is better applied simultaneously.

To achieve these goals, the present invention is by the following technical solutions:

The present invention relates to a kind of gloomy beautiful No. 1 hybrid maize variety seed selection and breeding method, it is characterized in that: adopt the following steps seed selection:

1. U.S. 785 choosing systems that introduce from Henan hybridize with a variant of Soviet Union 37, therefrom roguing 6 generations selfing in 3 years and cultivate inbred line 7713 female parents, mend with Panxian of Guizhou that mud is mute removes the village take local farm variety as main, therefrom select good strain to carry out 6 generations selfing in 3 years and bring out inbred line 176 male parents;

2. choose isolated area, prevent that the foreign pollen string is assorted, in real time early sowing, rational close planting regulates the wrong phase of Parent, broadcasts first female parent, treats to broadcast in 6 days male parent;

3. strengthen rich water quality management, strictly hold and castrate to close, accomplish totally, in time, thoroughly, establish that quality first;

4. strengthen artificial pollination, improve output, results are strengthened the breeding of parent's pure keeping in good time.

5. hybridize gloomy beautiful No. 1 with female parent 7713 and male parent 176;

Adopt the following steps breeding:

1. selection of land: the irrigated land corn should select that physical features is smooth, well-formed, good permeability, plot that soil fertility is higher, the overlay film corn can be selected middle fertility above non-irrigated level land, bench terrace, must guard against and selects steep hillslope, waterlogged lowland, heavy saline, criminal's wind ground;

2. whole basal dressing: the autumn fertilising should be carried out in area with good conditionsi, the autumn ploughs and the autumn and winter are converged ground, turns over mu in conjunction with the front stubble autumn and executes farmyard manure 2000-2500kg, turns over rear timely rake drag and drags flatly, chooses clean root stubble, accomplish Horizon, soil thin, without rubbish, unrooted stubble;

3. sowing: in good time planting early enough, the sowing of clear and bright front and back is advisable, rational close planting, every mu of plantation 3000-3400 strain is advisable;

4. execute seed manure: use sufficient base fertilizer, N, P, K compounding application topdress minutes for 3 times, accomplish " front light, middle heavy, rear benefit ", " 3 cun far away, and 3 cun dark, and no seedling injury is not hindered root ", 50 kilograms of every mu of consumptions;

5. field management: in time thinning, final singling and intertill and clean tillage, corn grouting will be watered in right amount according to the rainfall situation, in time irrigation and drainage.

Beneficial effect

" gloomy beautiful No. 1 " is that the hybrid maize single cross hybrid that industry Co., Ltd breeds is planted by Guizhou Daewoo.Fringe is thick, grain is large, resistance, and its hybrid combination is 7713 * 176, and maternal 7713 is the U.S.s that introduced from Henan in 1999.T85 is hybridized with a variant of Soviet Union 37, and through how for the roguing selfing, it is good to breed Comprehensive Traits, and coordinate force is high, adaptable inbred line; Male parent 176 be mend from the Pan county mud mute remove select elite plant to carry out the roguing selfing of 6 generations village's Germplasm Resources of Local, breed resistance, inbred line that coordinate force is high.

Maternal 7713 kind growing ways are strong, better resistance, blade and cane band are purple green, and leaf sheath purple, blade are the exhibition type that drapes over one's shoulders.Plant height 175cm, high 70 hoes in fringe position, total leaf number is 15, the tassel branch is flourishing; pollen amount is large, and tassel is red, and the male and female florescence is consistent, pollinates; ripening rate is high, and filigree is red, the long tubular of fruit ear; spike length 14cm, thick 4.1cm. tassel row number 12-14 row of fringe, the heavy 70.2g of single fringe grain; thousand kernel weight 260g, seed is yellow, half horse flute profile; red axle, the 119 days time of infertility, resistance.

Male parent 176 seedling leaves light greens, leaf sheath are green, and blade is for partly draping over one's shoulders the exhibition type, and growing way is strong, cane is thick; plant height 176cm, high 80 hoes in fringe position, the number of blade is 16, the tassel branch is flourishing especially; pollen amount is large, and loose powder is concentrated, and flower pesticide is faint yellow, and pollen grain husk shell is slightly red; tassel is red, and the male and female florescence is consistent, the filigree pale red; the long cartridge type of fruit ear, thick 4.6cm tassel row number 14-16 row of spike length 14.2cm fringe, thousand kernel weight 276g; seed is yellow, white axle, half horse flute profile, 125 days breeding times, resistance.

Winter in 2003 was measured observation in Hainan with 7713 * 176, and through the multiple spot test, the high-yield corn that selects newly makes up " gloomy beautiful No. 1 ".

Gloomy beautiful No. 1 that the method according to this invention is cultivated is disease-resistant, anti-fall, the stable high yield corn variety of China's high yield high-combining ability germplasm cross breeding, and it has following at least one or a plurality of advantage.

1, disease resistance is strong, identifies according to Institute of Plant Protection, academy of agricultural sciences, Sichuan Province: in the Chinese People's Anti-Japanese Military and Political College, helminthosporium maydis, anti-head-smut, in anti-banded sclerotial blight, anti-stem rot, sense corn borer.

2, lodging resistance is strong, and reasonably plant type structure, lower fringe position and flourishing root system make this kind have extremely strong anti-fall performance, and have stronger drought resistance.

3, stable high yield was participated in Guizhou C group corn variety district in gloomy beautiful No. 1 2006 and is had a try and test, 667.8 kilograms of average yield per mus, and contrast volume increase 7.55% increase production extremely significantly, and output occupies the 8th, and 8 pilot output 7 increase 1 and subtract, and volume increase accounts for 87.5% of pilot number; Participated in the B of Guizhou Province group corn variety district in 2007 and have a try and test, 656 kilograms of average yield per mus, contrast volume increase 9.15% is increased production extremely significantly, and output occupies second.8, pilot is all increased production, and 661.9 kilograms of 16 average yield per mus in 2 years, contrast volume increase had respectively 87.5% and 100% pilot contrast volume increase, average out to 93.8% in 8.35%, 2006 year and 2007.

568.5 kilograms of 2008 annual per mu yields, the contrast volume increase 5.7%, and output occupies the 4th, 75% pilot volume increase, 547 kilograms of 2007 annual per mu yields, the contrast volume increase 1.9%, and output occupies the tenth, 40% pilot volume increase, 567.1 kilograms of two annual per mu yields, the contrast volume increase 3.8%; 2 years 9 times 5 increase 4 and subtract, up to standardly count 55.6%.

4, best in quality, exterior quality is good, interior quality detects through Ministry of Agriculture's cereal and quality of item supervision and inspection center: unit weight 744 grams per liters, surpass country-level commodity (710g/L) Standard for Maize, crude protein (butt) 10.06%, crude fat (butt) 3.48%, thick starch (butt) 75.89%, lysine (butt) 0.28%.

5, seeding technique is simple, and output is high, and the seed production cost is low.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is from generation to generation collection of illustrative plates of seed selection.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.

1, parental source

" gloomy beautiful No. 1 " is that the hybrid maize single cross hybrid that industry Co., Ltd breeds is planted by Guizhou Daewoo.Fringe is thick, grain is large, resistance, and its hybrid combination is 7713 * 176, and maternal 7713 is the U.S.s that introduced from Henan in 1999.T85 is hybridized with a variant of Soviet Union 37, and through how for the roguing selfing, it is good to breed Comprehensive Traits, and coordinate force is high, adaptable inbred line; Male parent 176 be mend from the Pan county mud mute remove select elite plant to carry out the roguing selfing of 6 generations village's Germplasm Resources of Local, breed resistance, inbred line that coordinate force is high, winter in 2003 was measured observation in Hainan with 7713 * 176, through the multiple spot test, the high-yield corn that selects newly makes up " gloomy beautiful No. 1 ".

2, feature

2.1, seedling and tree characteristics: this kind seedling growth is strong, and it is purple green that leaf sheath and plant are, and plant type is for draping over one's shoulders the exhibition type, and plant height is 243cm, high 114 hoes in fringe position, filigree is red, prosperity of tassel branch is redness, loose powder is concentrated, pollen amount is large.

2.2, fruit ear and grain characters: fruit ear is long cartridge type, spike length 21.3cm, tassel row number 15.5 row, the heavy 207.2g of single fringe grain, 100-grain weight 39.8g, red axle, half solids, seed is yellow.

2.3, breeding time: be medium variety the 124 days time of infertility, blue or green bar yellow maturity.

2.4, resistance: identify according to Institute of Plant Protection, academy of agricultural sciences, Sichuan Province: ' in the Chinese People's Anti-Japanese Military and Political College, helminthosporium maydis, anti-head-smut, in anti-banded sclerotial blight, anti-stem rot, the sense corn borer, lodging resistance is strong.

2.5 quality: exterior quality is good, interior quality detects through Ministry of Agriculture's cereal and quality of item supervision and inspection center: unit weight 744 grams per liters, crude protein (butt) 10.06%, crude fat. (butt) 3.48%, thick starch (butt) 75.89%, lysine (butt) 0.28%.

3, output performance

3.1, participated in Guizhou C group corn variety district in 2006 and have a try and test, ' 667.8 kilograms of average yield per mus, contrast volume increase 7.55%. increase production extremely significantly, output occupies the 8th, and 8 pilots are produced and taken 7 to increase l and subtract, and volume increase accounts for 87.5% of pilot number; The participation B of Guizhou Province group corn variety district had a try and tests in 2007,656 kilograms of average yield per mus, contrast volume increase 9.15%, increase production extremely remarkable, output occupies second 8 pilots and all increases production, 661.9 kilograms of 16 average yield per mus in 2 years, contrast volume increase had respectively 87.5% and 100% pilot contrast volume increase, average out to 93.8% in 8.35%2006 years and 2007.

3.2,568.5 kilograms of production test 2008 annual per mu yields, the contrast volume increase 5.7%, output occupies the 4th, 75% pilot volume increase.547 kilograms of 2007 annual per mu yields, contrast volume increase 1.9%, and output occupies the cun. position, 40% pilot volume increase.567.1 kilograms of two annual per mu yields, the contrast volume increase 3.8%; Increase 4 and subtract the 55.6%. that counts up to standard for 2 years 9 times 5

4, seeding technique

Choose isolated area, prevent that the foreign pollen string is assorted.

In real time early sowing, rational close planting regulates the wrong phase of Parent, broadcasts first female parent, treats to broadcast in 6 days male parent.

Strengthen rich water quality management.

Strictly hold and castrate to close, accomplish totally, in time, thoroughly, establish that quality first.

Strengthen artificial pollination, improve output, in good time results.

Strengthen the breeding of parent's pure keeping.

5, suitable planting zone and technical essential

5.1, suitable planting zone: this varietal resistance is strong, and Comprehensive Traits is good, the Lupanshui City of suitable WESTERN GUIZHOU, Bijie Prefecture, Affected It In Qianxinan, In Qiannan, Anshun, 1000-1900 meters height above sea level plantations such as Guiyang.And Yunnan identical ecological zone plantation.

5.2, the culture technique main points

5.2.1, in good time planting early enough, clear and bright before and after sowing be advisable.

5.2.2, rational close planting, every mu of plantation 3000-3400 strain is advisable.

5.2.3, apply fertilizers scientifically and in time pour water, use sufficient base fertilizer, N, P, K compounding application; Topdress minutes for 3 times, accomplish " front light, middle heavy, rear benefit ", " 3 cun far away, and 3 cun dark, and no seedling injury is not hindered root ".50 kilograms of every mu of consumptions.Enhance field management in time irrigation and drainage.

Attached sheet: proterties gathers phenophase, resistance, tree characteristics and the proterties record of fringe section

Table 1:2006 Corn In Guizhou Province district's examination C group output summary sheet

Table 1-1:2006 Corn In Guizhou Province district's examination B group output

Table 1-2:2007 Corn In Guizhou Province district's examination B group resistance

Table 2:2006 Corn In Guizhou Province production test II group major traits table

。

Claims (1)

1. a hybrid maize variety is chosen seeds and breeding method, it is characterized in that, the seed selection step is as follows:

U.S. 785 choosing systems that introduce from Henan cultivate into No. 7713 female parents of inbred line with Soviet Union 37 for basic material, mend mud take Panxian of Guizhou and make mute and remove locality, village farm variety and cultivate into No. 176 male parents of inbred line as basic material; Choosing is 7713 and 176 to be measured, and through the multiple spot experiment sieving, selects corn variety gloomy beautiful No. 1;

Choose isolated area, prevent that the foreign pollen string is assorted, in real time early sowing, rational close planting regulates the wrong phase of Parent, broadcasts first female parent, treats to broadcast in 6 days male parent;

Strengthen rich water quality management, strictly hold to castrate and close, accomplish totally, in time, thoroughly, establish that quality first;

Strengthen artificial pollination, improve output, results are strengthened the breeding of parent's pure keeping in good time;

Hybridize gloomy beautiful No. 1 with female parent 7713 and male parent 176;

The breeding step is as follows:

Selection of land: the irrigated land corn should select that physical features is smooth, well-formed, good permeability, plot that soil fertility is higher, and the overlay film corn can be selected middle fertility above non-irrigated level land, bench terrace, must guard against and selects steep hillslope, waterlogged lowland, heavy saline, criminal's wind ground;

Whole ground basal dressing: autumn fertilising should be carried out in area with good conditionsi, the autumn ploughs and the autumn and winter are converged ground, turns over mu in conjunction with the front stubble autumn and executes farmyard manure 2000-2500kg, turns over rear timely rake drag and drags flatly, chooses clean root stubble, accomplish Horizon, soil thin, without rubbish, unrooted stubble;

Sowing: in good time planting early enough, the sowing of clear and bright front and back is advisable, rational close planting, every mu of plantation 3000-3400 strain is advisable;

Execute seed manure: use sufficient base fertilizer, N, P, K compounding application topdress minutes for 3 times, accomplish " front light, middle heavy, rear benefit ", " 3 cun far away, and 3 cun dark, and no seedling injury is not hindered root ", 50 kilograms of every mu of consumptions;

Field management: in time thinning, final singling and intertill and clean tillage, corn grouting will be watered in right amount according to the rainfall situation, in time irrigation and drainage.

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