CN103461114A - Method for growing hybrid corn - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for growing hybrid corn. According to the method for growing the hybrid corn, the male parent of corn and the female parent of the corm are used for breeding corn seeds. The method for growing the hybrid corn is characterized in that the male parent and the female parent are sown at different times, the female parent is sown firstly, two thirds of the male parent is sown when the female parent grows above the ground, and the other one third of the male parent is sown 3-8 days later. The 'Wanhe 188' produced with the method has the advantages that the yield is high and stable, the quality is good, and the resistance is high.

Description

The producing method for seed of a kind of hybrid maize

Technical field

The present invention relates to agricultural production, particularly a kind of producing method for seed of corn.

Background technology

Corn is the second largest cereal crops in Guangxi, is the main feed of livestock breeding and the mountain area people's main food, the rich significant problem of owing to be related to grain security and social stability of corn.In the mountain area of some maize plantings, because ecological condition is complicated, working condition is poor, particularly kind updates slowly, yields poorly and shakiness, the wretched insufficiency that has caused corn to supply with.

Nearly ten years, the kinds such as " honest 619 " of offshore company, " enlightening card 007 ", " enlightening card 008 " have occupied leading position, these variety seeds not only price are high, and seed can not enoughly be supplied, also due to long-term planting, the kind of " honest 619 ", " enlightening card 007 " has started to degenerate, and output constantly reduces, and in production, in the urgent need to corn variety, substitutes above-mentioned kind.Therefore be badly in need of working out and be applicable to the mountain area plantation, and the superior corn kind of high yield, stable yields, high-quality, better resistance, the problem that corn is supplied with wretched insufficiency solved.

Summary of the invention

The invention provides the plantation of a kind of applicable mountain area, and the producing method for seed of the hybrid maize of high yield, stable yields, high-quality, better resistance.

For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is:

The producing method for seed of a kind of hybrid maize, used the male parent of corn and female parent to breed maize seed, it is characterized in that:

By male parent and maternal intermission seeding, female parent is first broadcast, and 2/3 male parent grows ground at female parent and just sows immediately, remains 1/3 male parent and sows after 3-8 days.

The Parent planting proportion is 1:4 ~ 5.

Mu plant number should be in the scope of 4500 ~ 5500 strains.

During the single file single-strain planting, the plantation specification is 60 ~ 65cm * 22cm.

During the duplicate rows single-strain planting, little line-spacing is 40cm, and wide row space is 85cm, and spacing in the rows is 22cm.

Seeding quantity is 2 ~ 3, every cave.

Transplanted seedlings during the 3-4 leaf when described female parent, supplied hole; The phase final singling of 4-6 leaf, a seedling is stayed in every cave, and in conjunction with fertilising, intertill and clean tillage and impurity elimination.

" ten thousand standing grain 188 " that above method makes, the inventor, through small scale experiments, has following good effect:

(1) high yield, stable yields: the large grain of this corn new product fringe is dark, and output is high, 600 kilograms of left and right of general per mu yield, land for growing field crops, and 452.5 kilograms of spring and autumn district examination average yield per mus in 2010, than honest 619 volume increase 8.9% of contrast.507.0 kilograms of spring and autumn production test in 2011 average yield per mus.

(2) product are of fine quality: seed is golden yellow, solids, grain test weight 774g/L, crude protein 10.1%, crude fat 4.64%, thick starch 71.3%, lysine 0.28%.Content of starch reaches the standard of high starch maize, and with honest 619, relatively crude protein, crude fat content are respectively 9.28%, 3.82%.

(3) better resistance: the bar maturation of living, anti-fall, anti-banded sclerotial blight, rust, helminthosporium maydis.In Maize Varieties In Guangxi regional test field investigation banded sclerotial blight 0.0%, 1.9 grades of rust, 1.9 grades of helminthosporium maydis, stem rot 0%, head smut 0.0%.

(4) drought-enduring anti-lean: well developed root system, seedling stage, growing way was prosperous, and the strain thick bar is strong.Drought-enduring, impoverishment tolerant.The corn ear maturation corn straw leaf also keep dark green, can make green fodder.

2011-2012, in the plantation of the counties such as Long Lin, XiLin, Baise, in the situation that serious autumn drought, plant in the plot barren in the mountain area soil property, performance high yield, stable yields.

Embodiment

" ten thousand standing grain 188 " made in embodiment is autumn in 2012 two river trial-productions in Wuming.

One, selection of land: be chosen in 30 mu of Wuming two village, river trial-productions, condition is good, adopts the space isolation, and spacer is sugarcane field and the mountain ridge.Do not plant other kind corn on every side in 300-400 rice scope, and row to irrigate condition good, soil fertility is medium.

Two, whole ground: tractor-ploughing, with the ox trench digging, require to reach that soil block is in small, broken bits, plot is smooth wholely, surrounding will be held ，Ru Yong paddy field, drain ditch successfully and carry out the production of hybrid seeds, will play drill seeding kind.

Three, base: before sowing behind whole good ground, base is evenly imposed in dressing furrow and makes seed manure, the peasant household of farmyard manure is arranged, can execute rotten hot farmyard manure 30-40 load by mu, without the peasant household of farmyard manure, can execute 10 kilograms of import composite fertilizers by mu.According to the actual conditions in trial-production field, 30 jin of high-qualitys Russia composite fertilizers for dressing furrow, add a small amount of farmyard manure, mixed Furadan, the mixing of the agricultural chemicals such as worm spirit spread fertilizer over the fields.Seed and fertilizer interval are more than 2 cun, in order to avoid seed is caused to poisoning.

Four, intermission seeding:

1, the sowing time: in order to obtain higher seed production, broadcast the corn female parent on August 2,3 days, August 10, female parent grew ground, broadcast male parent first, i.e. 2/3 male parent, broadcast first male parent and within 3-8 days, broadcast later the second batch male parent, i.e. 1/3 male parent, wherein: the second batch male parent is broadcast as the best after first male parent is sowed 5 days again.

As sowed the seed in spring, can be selected in late January or early Febuary, too early after all affecting output late, one week in all can sow before and after the beginning of spring spring, early easily run into low temperature, seed or seedling are endured cold cold.Planted in fall is excessively slow, to the cut tobacco pollination, is run into cold air, affects solid and later stage grouting, require sufficient water sowing, film covers, at soil, can grab agglomerating, and 1 meter high putting down, mass of soil can scatter, moisture suitable sowing in soil is described, if the sowing time arrived, the weather arid, requiring pours water sows by specification again, lid kind of a 2-3 centimetre.

2, type of seeding:

(1) father and mother's row ratio: the Parent planting proportion is 1:4.Plant 1 row male parent, plant 4 row female parents.

(2) plantation specification: mu plant number is in 4500 ~ 5000 strain scopes, if 5500 strains can be planted in the field of high liquid manure, adopts the single file single-strain planting, and its specification is 60 ~ 65cm * 22cm.Also can adopt the duplicate rows single-strain planting, specification is little row 40cm, wide row space 85cm, spacing in the rows 22cm.

3, seeding quantity, every cave 2-3 grain.

Sow maternal 4 jin, 1 jin of male parent for every mu.

Five, field management:

1, thinning, final singling: generally should stay seedling than planting density, specific practice, for transplanting seedlings during the 3-4 leaf when maternal, is supplied hole more; The phase final singling of 4-6 leaf, a seedling is stayed in every cave, in conjunction with in the fertilising, intertill and clean tillage and impurity elimination.Note impurity elimination strain, diseased plant, stay and be good for seedling, pure seedling strong sprout.

2, intertillage fertilising is applied fertilizer when final singling, 20 jin of rivers and ponds urea+10 jin composite fertilizers for mu, and intertill and loosen the soil, weeding.Carry out heavy dressing fertilizer, large ridging when maternal 12 leaf.20 jin, 40 jin+potash fertilizer of composite fertilizer for mu.

3, roguing:

In whole production of hybrid seeds process according to plant type, leaf look color, the features such as plant growing way are differentiated hybrid strain, pull out in time.Particularly will removal of impurities before taking out male loose powder, remove growing way vigorous especially, take out male special early plant and leaf shape and most of plant is visibly different and diseased plant, make maternal uniformity.

Typical paternal plant belongs to Half Close Plant Type of Hybrid, leaf look pale green, and blade is hard straight, and vein is more clear, and female Honoka silk is thicker, and the filigree amount is less, the hard straight upper punch of tassel branch.The typical red bar of maternal plant cane base portion, leaf color is yellowish, bract more firmly, thicker, tighter.

Harvest spike election, female seed harvest cool sun screening ear 3 days to remove a particularly large and most obvious ear ear grain color, different ear, recognize and severe ear rot and ear rot go pick rotten grains.

4, emasculation:

The emasculation principle is " in time thoroughly clean ", and regulating the florescence is the key of hybrid corn seed breeding success, is to run at work in the situation of flowering asynchronism just to carry out.

Regulate: generally, who is short whose method slowly for control method, with quick-acting fertilizer (composite fertilizer or potassium dihydrogen phosphate), attacks and grows that slow parent.If also can touch tassel in conjunction with taking to touch luxuriant emasculation when maternal development progress is slow, but tassel is just extractd tassel while also not extracting out, can promote the female parent 2-3 days of weaving silk in advance.

5, artificial supplementary pollination: artificial supplementary pollination can improve seed amount, can increase output.To keep soil moisture regime during artificial pollination, the heading of male parent pollination, and maternal pollination is solid all needs a large amount of moisture content.

The female parent of the present embodiment trial-production is in left and right emasculation on September 28, and organizes the professional and technical personnel to carry out removal of impurities, maternally October 1, weaves silk, and male parent was taken out male loose powder in about October 1, and flower synchronization is good.Each maternal bud carries out artificial pollination 2-3 time, between pollination period and after pollination, respectively carries out a pumping irrigation, guarantees ground moistening, is convenient to pollination, improves ripening rate.

Six, desinsection: growing period adds the agricultural chemicals such as pyridine worm miaow and kills maize borer, aphid etc. and spray jinggangmeisu and carbendazim etc. is prevented and treated banded sclerotial blight, stem rot etc. by Avermectin.

Seven, harvesting and threshing cool sun: When the female yellow bracts positions taken by a single acquirer can harvest the sun single storage method, the female parent seed processing, as well as other mixed corn.

After November 13, female parent is ripe successively, arranges peasant household first to receive male parent, and the maternal corn ear of rear receipts carries out list and receives single the solarization, guarantees seed quality.

This time ten thousand standing grain 188 corn trial-productions obtain and are successful on the whole, and finally roll over 450 jin of per mu yields.

Claims (7)

1. the producing method for seed of a hybrid maize, used the male parent of corn and female parent to breed maize seed, it is characterized in that:

By male parent and maternal intermission seeding, female parent is first broadcast, and 2/3 male parent grows ground at female parent and just sows immediately, remains 1/3 male parent and sows after 3-8 days.

2. the producing method for seed of hybrid maize according to claim 1 is characterized in that:

The Parent planting proportion is 1:4 ~ 5.

3. the producing method for seed of hybrid maize according to claim 2 is characterized in that:

Mu plant number should be in the scope of 4500 ~ 5500 strains.

4. the producing method for seed of hybrid maize according to claim 3 is characterized in that:

During the single file single-strain planting, the plantation specification is 60 ~ 65cm * 22cm.

5. the producing method for seed of hybrid maize according to claim 3 is characterized in that:

During the duplicate rows single-strain planting, little line-spacing is 40cm, and wide row space is 85cm, and spacing in the rows is 22cm.

6. the producing method for seed of hybrid maize according to claim 2 is characterized in that:

Seeding quantity is 2 ~ 3, every cave.

7. the producing method for seed of hybrid maize according to claim 6 is characterized in that:

Transplanted seedlings during the 3-4 leaf when described female parent, supplied hole; The phase final singling of 4-6 leaf, a seedling is stayed in every cave, and in conjunction with fertilising, intertill and clean tillage and impurity elimination.