CN104488487A - Blueberry cultivation method - Google Patents
Blueberry cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104488487A CN104488487A CN201410673510.5A CN201410673510A CN104488487A CN 104488487 A CN104488487 A CN 104488487A CN 201410673510 A CN201410673510 A CN 201410673510A CN 104488487 A CN104488487 A CN 104488487A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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Abstract
The invention discloses a blueberry cultivation method and belongs to the technical field of agricultural fruit tree cultivation. The blueberry cultivation method includes the steps of S1, selection and planting of blueberry seedlings, namely, selecting high-quality thick damage-free high-bush blueberry seedlings, half-high-bush blueberry seedlings and low-bush blueberry seedlings, and during planting, planting a line of high-bush blueberry seedlings and half-high-bush blueberry seedlings between two lines of low-bush blueberry seedlings, wherein the high-bush blueberry seedlings and the half-high-bush blueberry seedlings are planted at intervals, in other words, at least one half-high-bush blueberry seedling is planted between each two high-bush blueberry seedlings; S2, irrigation management; S3, fertilization management; S4, pruning management; S5, control of diseases and insect pests; S6, fruit harvesting. The blueberry cultivation method has the advantages that blueberries cultivated by the method are good in harvest, fresh in pulp, heavy, good in color and luster and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agriculture fruit-tree breeding technical field, particularly relate to a kind of cultivation method of blueberry.
Background technology
The fruit of blueberry is a kind of small berries, and fruit is blueness, color and luster is beautiful, blueness is wrapped up by 1 layer of white fruit powder, and pulp exquisiteness, seed are minimum.Blueberry on average weighs 0.5 ~ 2.5g, maximum heavy 5g, and edible rate is 100%, sweet and sour palatability, and has fragrant refreshing pleasant fragrance, for eating good merchantable brand raw.
The flower of blueberry is raceme.Inflorescence major part side is raw, sometimes pushes up life.Hua Dansheng or twin between axil.The bud of blueberry general raw at branch top.Spring, bud arrived full-bloom stage after first sprouting 3 ~ 4 weeks.When after flower bud germination, leaf bud starts growth, to leaf bud ability germination and growth during full-bloom stage to its due length.
Blueberry is overgrown with bushes, height of tree most diverse, and Gao Keda 10m often controls at about 3m in cultivation; General 1 ~ the 3m of the high clump blueberry height of tree; The half high clump blueberry height of tree 50 ~ 100cm; The short clump blueberry height of tree 30 ~ 50cm.
The blade alternate of blueberry, Gao Cong, half high clump and short clump blueberry are fallen leaves before entering the winter, and lagophthalmos is evergreen, and blade can retain 2 ~ 3 years on tree body.Leaf blade size is by the 0.7 ~ 3.5cm to the 8cm of high clump blueberry of short clump blueberry, and length is not etc.Blade shape is modal is oval.Major part kind leaf back by villous, also by villous on the flower of some kind and fruit, but the little villous of short clump blueberry blade.
The root system of blueberry does not have root hair, and absorbing capacity is little.The root system of blueberry is thin, and in threadiness, radicula diameter before branch is 50 ~ 75 μm.The radicula of nearly all blueberry has the parasitism of AM fungi, thus it is difficult to the absorption of moisture and nutrient due to what do not have root hair to cause to overcome blueberry root system.Research proves, the parasitism of mycorrhizal fungi is useful to blueberry growth.
At present, along with people are to the continuous concern of health, to fruit, the demand as blueberry also increases gradually, so high yield blueberry of fine quality is also the target that orchard worker and researcher constantly pursue always.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of cultivation method of blueberry, the blueberry high yield that the method cultivates and fruit has the features such as delicious meat, weight is large, color and luster is good.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A cultivation method for blueberry, it comprises the steps:
S1, the selection of blueberry seedling and plantation, select the sturdy undamaged high clump blueberry of high-quality, half high clump blueberry and short clump blueberry seedling, during plantation, a line Gao Cong blueberry and half high clump blueberry is planted between two row short clump blueberry, wherein, high clump blueberry and half high clump blueberry interval plantation, namely plant at least one half high clump blueberry between every two high clump blueberries;
S2, management of watering, waters normal root water after plantation in time, the pH value of normal root water is less than 6, and fruit tree should regularly be watered, and keeps the water content control of soil 45% ~ 55%, but, before the developmental stage and fruit maturation of fruit, kept the water content control of soil 25% ~ 30%;
S3, fertilizing management, annual fertilising three times, applies fertilizer after plantation at once, and second time fertilising is in fruit tree SPRING WHEAT BEFORE AND AFTER FLOWERING, and third time fertilising is carried out in time after fruit harvest;
S4, prune management, treelet phase First Year wipes out bud, expands tree crown, and increase the quantity of branch, after field planting, Second Year, the 3rd year spring wipe out small stems, within the 4th year, continues to expand tree crown, cuts small stems; Become wipe out overstocked branch, thin and delicate branch, sick worm branch the length of time, wipe out a part of bud, each vigorous branches stays 2 ~ 3 buds;
S5, the control of damage by disease and insect, prevents and treats in time according to different damage by disease and insect, uses the little agricultural chemicals of toxicity to prevent and treat;
S6, picking fruit, the 4th year starts to pluck Blueberry, and harvesting in the 4th year controls to be no more than 1.5 kilograms in every tree, later cumulative year after year.
By the technical scheme of the invention described above, the blueberry high yield that method of the present invention cultivates and fruit has the features such as delicious meat, weight is large, color and luster is good.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the FB(flow block) of the cultivation method of blueberry of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail:
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of cultivation method of blueberry, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
S1, the selection of blueberry seedling and plantation, select the sturdy undamaged high clump blueberry of high-quality, half high clump blueberry and short clump blueberry seedling, and such blueberry tree survival rate is high, and anti-disease ability also can be better.During plantation, plant a line Gao Cong blueberry and half high clump blueberry between two row short clump blueberry, wherein, high clump blueberry and half high clump blueberry interval plantation, namely plant at least one half high clump blueberry between every two high clump blueberries.Such plantation is in picturesque disorder, is convenient to ventilate and daylighting, and make the fruit of blueberry very large plentiful, mouthfeel also can be better.When planting, the spacing between blueberry seedling controls between 2.5 meters ~ 3 meters, and namely this spacing effectively ensures the output of blueberry, also makes the fruit of blueberries very large.
S2, management of watering, waters normal root water after plantation in time, and the pH value of normal root water is less than 6, and such water had both been conducive to fruit tree and has grown up, and also made the fruit mouthfeel born good.Fruit tree should regularly be watered, and keep the water content control of soil 45% ~ 55%, this water content is conducive to the growth of fruit tree and fruit.But kept the water content control of soil 25% ~ 30% before the developmental stage and fruit maturation of fruit, now, it is higher in order to ensure the Blueberry sugar content born for reducing irrigation amount, makes mouthfeel better.
S3, fertilizing management, annual fertilising three times, applies fertilizer after plantation at once, and second time fertilising is in fruit tree SPRING WHEAT BEFORE AND AFTER FLOWERING, and third time fertilising is carried out in time after fruit harvest.First time fertilising is that health is grown up strong and sturdy in order to make the blueberry sapling of new plantation adapt to new soil environment as early as possible.Second time fertilising is that the flower opened is more very large more in order to make fruit tree bloom, and lays the first stone for bearing more very large fruit later.Third time fertilising is to make fruit tree repair as early as possible, supplements the nutrition needed for growing up, for yielding positive results next time provides a good basis.
S4, prune management, treelet phase First Year wipes out bud, expands tree crown, and increase the quantity of branch, after field planting, Second Year, the 3rd year spring wipe out small stems, within the 4th year, continues to expand tree crown, cuts small stems; Become wipe out overstocked branch, thin and delicate branch, sick worm branch the length of time, wipe out a part of bud, each vigorous branches stays 2 ~ 3 buds.Wiping out small and weak branch is expansion in order to ensure tree crown and shape, lays the foundation for bearing better Blueberry.In order to ensure the very large of blueberries, the bud that each vigorous branches is retained can not more than 3.
S5, the control of damage by disease and insect, prevents and treats in time according to different damage by disease and insect, uses the little agricultural chemicals of toxicity to prevent and treat.Shaoshi agricultural chemicals as far as possible, even if applying pesticides also will select agricultural chemicals that is little with the property of medicine, environmental protection as far as possible.Also the extermination of disease and insect pest of natural biology chain mode can be carried out by the mode of introduction of animal.
S6, picking fruit, the 4th year starts to pluck Blueberry, and harvesting in the 4th year controls to be no more than 1.5 kilograms in every tree, later cumulative year after year.Picking fruit was from the 4th year, and the fruit number that First Year is plucked needs strictly to control, the Quality and yield of blueberries after such guarantee.
In order to the mouthfeel that the output increasing fruit is become reconciled, fertilizer executed in step s3 is based on fertilizer, composite fertilizer is auxiliary, described fertilizer and the percentage by weight of composite fertilizer are 80 ~ 90%: 10 ~ 20%, the ight soil that described fertilizer comprises animal and the plant of becoming thoroughly decomposed, the orchard organic fertilizer of every 667 square metres 2000 kilograms.
The above; be only the present invention's preferably embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, is anyly familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; the change that can expect easily or replacement, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claims.
Claims (2)
1. a cultivation method for blueberry, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
S1, the selection of blueberry seedling and plantation, select the sturdy undamaged high clump blueberry of high-quality, half high clump blueberry and short clump blueberry seedling, during plantation, a line Gao Cong blueberry and half high clump blueberry is planted between two row short clump blueberry, wherein, high clump blueberry and half high clump blueberry interval plantation, namely plant at least one half high clump blueberry between every two high clump blueberries;
S2, management of watering, waters normal root water after plantation in time, the pH value of normal root water is less than 6, and fruit tree should regularly be watered, and keeps the water content control of soil 45% ~ 55%, but, before the developmental stage and fruit maturation of fruit, kept the water content control of soil 25% ~ 30%;
S3, fertilizing management, annual fertilising three times, applies fertilizer after plantation at once, and second time fertilising is in fruit tree SPRING WHEAT BEFORE AND AFTER FLOWERING, and third time fertilising is carried out in time after fruit harvest;
S4, prune management, treelet phase First Year wipes out bud, expands tree crown, and increase the quantity of branch, after field planting, Second Year, the 3rd year spring wipe out small stems, within the 4th year, continues to expand tree crown, cuts small stems; Become wipe out overstocked branch, thin and delicate branch, sick worm branch the length of time, wipe out a part of bud, each vigorous branches stays 2 ~ 3 buds;
S5, the control of damage by disease and insect, prevents and treats in time according to different damage by disease and insect, uses the little agricultural chemicals of toxicity to prevent and treat;
S6, picking fruit, the 4th year starts to pluck Blueberry, and harvesting in the 4th year controls to be no more than 1.5 kilograms in every tree, later cumulative year after year.
2. the cultivation method of blueberry according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the fertilizer of the fertilizing management in described step S3 is based on fertilizer, composite fertilizer is auxiliary, described fertilizer and the percentage by weight of composite fertilizer are 80 ~ 90%:10 ~ 20%, the ight soil that described fertilizer comprises animal and the plant of becoming thoroughly decomposed, the orchard organic fertilizer of every 667 square metres 2000 kilograms.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410673510.5A CN104488487A (en) | 2014-11-21 | 2014-11-21 | Blueberry cultivation method |
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| CN201410673510.5A CN104488487A (en) | 2014-11-21 | 2014-11-21 | Blueberry cultivation method |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106973749A (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2017-07-25 | 黄平县华富生态种养殖科技发展有限公司 | The implantation methods of blueberry |
| CN106993503A (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2017-08-01 | 黄平县华富生态种养殖科技发展有限公司 | Method is planted between high clump blueberry and short clump blueberry |
| CN107667798A (en) * | 2017-11-02 | 2018-02-09 | 成都金川田农机制造有限公司 | Blueberry method for planting |
-
2014
- 2014-11-21 CN CN201410673510.5A patent/CN104488487A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106973749A (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2017-07-25 | 黄平县华富生态种养殖科技发展有限公司 | The implantation methods of blueberry |
| CN106993503A (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2017-08-01 | 黄平县华富生态种养殖科技发展有限公司 | Method is planted between high clump blueberry and short clump blueberry |
| CN107667798A (en) * | 2017-11-02 | 2018-02-09 | 成都金川田农机制造有限公司 | Blueberry method for planting |
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