JP2007236371A - New variety of kamo eggplant and method for cultivating the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for cultivating tasty Kamo eggplants with increased harvest efficiently throughout the year through solving such problems that, in general, for Kamo eggplants, seedlings are made with traditional seeds, the peak of their shipping is June to July and their cultivation is ended at the end of September, but their harvest is lower than other varieties of eggplants, i.e. being as low as one-third compared with the others, and furthermore, such Kamo eggplants have not been cultivated throughout the year. <P>SOLUTION: The method for cultivating the tasty new variety of Kamo eggplants comprises the following practice: For eggplants improved from a wild variety of ones and Kamo eggplants 2, seeding and raising seedling are conducted in June to July. The seedlings of the Kamo eggplant 2 are grafted to an eggplant stock 1 to make grafted seedlings, which are transplanted to a cultivation greenhouse in July to September, and a hydroponic technique or the like is adopted. The size of the final Kamo eggplants 8 to be harvested in September to the next year's June end is limited at 7-10 cm in diameter and 150-300 g in weight, and the objective Kamo eggplants are cultivated throughout the year by warming the inside of the greenhouse at 12°C or higher in cold season. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to Kamo eggplant.

  Kamo Nausu is a circular eggplant that has been said to have been the best in Japan since the Edo period, and is indistinguishable from the Atsushi Marushiko. It is divided into “Sanheta” and is made in the Kamikamo district of Kyoto City. The fruits are 9cm to 15cm in diameter and weigh about 250g to 400g. They use traditional seeds and have been cultivated at the end of September at the peak of shipment from June to July. The amount of harvested eggplants is as low as 1/3, which requires time and labor that requires more water and fertilizer than ordinary eggplants.

Kamo Nasu is a circular eggplant that has been said to be the best in Japan since the Edo period, and is made in the Kamikamo area of Kyoto. It was out of the gate until some time, but recently it has been made elsewhere.
The size of the fruit is 9cm to 15cm in diameter, 250g to 400g in weight, and seedlings are made with traditional seeds, sowing time is sowing from February to May, and planting is done in mid-May. From June to July was the peak season for shipment, and the cultivation was finished at the end of September due to weakening of the stock due to heat and fruit weight. The disadvantage is that the yield is as low as about 1/3 compared to ordinary plants, and cultivation is said to be a water-eating fertilizer eater, which requires troublesome work that requires a lot of hard labor as farm work. It has never been cultivated throughout the year because it cannot grow as expected when there is insufficient sunshine or low temperatures. The key is to increase the yield by efficiently cultivating Kamo eggplant, and unless this is solved, the value will be halved even if it can be cultivated throughout the year. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for increasing yields and cultivating delicious, safe and secure Kamo eggplant efficiently throughout the year.

  We have been cultivated throughout the year, and the disadvantage is that the yield is low, increasing the yield of Kamo eggplant, researching the technology to grow delicious, safe and secure Kamo eggplant throughout the year for several years I have done it. The method of cultivating delicious Kamo eggplant efficiently throughout the year by increasing the yield is to grow seedlings with a sowing time of June-July. Grafting the seedlings of Kamo on the eggplant rootstock to make grafted seedlings, planting the grafted seedlings in a cultivation house from July to September and harvesting from September to the end of June of the following year, during the low temperature period in the cultivation house It exists in the cultivation method of the new kind kamo eggplant characterized by cultivating through the year by heating to 12 degreeC or more, and exists in the new kind kamo eggplant harvested by the said cultivation method.

Traditionally, Kamo eggplants are seeded with traditional seeds, sowing time is from February to May, but the new species Kamo eggplant is sowed from June to July. The seeds of Kamo eggplant are sown at the same time, the seeds of rootstock are sowed one by one in the soil of the pot, and the seeds of Kamo eggplant are sown in seedling boxes to grow.
After about 25 days have passed, the seedlings of Kamo to the rootstock seedlings in the pot are grafted with ceramic pins to make grafted seedlings. Choosing a rootstock and grafting Kamo's seedlings to make grafted seedlings will bring out the original power of Kamo's egg using the power of the rootstock and improve the taste and yield of Kamo's eggplant. It is cultivation technology to do. The eggplant rootstock improved from the wild species is not limited to Taitaro (made by Takii).

  The conventional planting time of Kamo eggplant is from April to mid-May, but the new Kamo eggplant is planted from July to September. It is a high temperature period. A 50% light-shielding net is lined in the cultivation house to shield the light. The reason for planting in the high temperature period from July to September is to select eggplant rootstocks whose roots grow vigorously during the high temperature period, to reduce the burden on the seedlings and to increase the function of the foliage. . After September, the planting grows quickly and the branches and fruits do not grow greatly. The shading net lining the cultivation house will be removed at the end of September after seeing the temperature and growth.

Traditionally, the cultivation of Kamo eggplants uses pesticides to control the pest Southern Thrips thrips, but the new species Kamo Eggplant uses natural enemy bugs to control the Pest Southern Thrips thrips and the mating of flowers frees bees. It is a cultivation method for new varieties of Kamo eggplant, which is cultivated throughout the year using a highly sustainable agricultural production method (a production method that integrates soil-making, chemical fertilizer and chemical pesticides).
Conventionally, Kamo eggplant cultivation is tailored in an X shape with 3 branches, but the new Kamo eggplant has 4 branches and 4 branches. A support method is characterized in that a reinforcing yarn is entangled and attached, the tip and center portions of the yarn are fixed, a branch is suspended, and the burden of the branch caused by the fruit is reduced. In order to cultivate the new variety Kamo eggplant throughout the year, the low temperature period from around November is cultivated throughout the year by heating the cultivation house to 12 ° C or higher.

Conventionally, Kamo eggplant cultivation is said to be a water-eating fertilizer, so the troublesome labor that requires heavy labor for farming is the solution method of eggplant cultivation by hydroponic soil cultivation (simultaneous irrigation cultivation). The solution of fertilizer dissolved in irrigation automatically every day is divided into several times a day (24 hours), regularly instilled with irrigation tubes on both sides of the root of the strain, and amino acid fertilizer was dissolved in water It is in the cultivation method of the new kind Kamo eggplant characterized by spraying a liquid regularly on a leaf surface. Fertilizer for simultaneous irrigation fertilizer includes amino acid fertilizer. Foliar spraying is automatically sprayed with a fine fog system installed in the cultivation house. Amino acid fertilizers are based on natural fish-derived amino acids, and are effective in improving the taste and quality of new varieties of Kamo eggplant and increasing the ball growth, and are particularly effective in promoting growth at low temperatures and low temperatures.

Kamo eggplant, which is a characteristic of Kamo eggplant, is divided into three pieces. The new Kamo eggplant is composed of both black amber and yellowish green. It is in the new species Kamo eggplant.

Conventionally, Kamo eggplant fruits are harvested with a diameter of 9 cm to 15 cm and a weight of 250 g to 400 g, but the new Kamo eggplants limit the size of the fruits to be harvested to a diameter of 7 cm to 10 cm and a weight of 150 g to 300 g. In the cultivation method of the new species Kamo eggplant, which is cultivated throughout the year, and in the new species Kamo eggplant harvested by the cultivation method.

Kamo eggplant has been cultivated at the end of September from June to July, and the new Kamo eggplant is harvested from July to August when the stock and branches are weakened by heat and fruit weight. Avoid harvesting and harvest from September to the end of June of the following year to finish cultivation.

Traditionally, Kamo eggplant has a disadvantage that the monthly yield is as low as 4 to 7 from one stock, but the new species Kamo eggplant is to increase the monthly yield from 12 to 20 per share As well as being successful, the skin that is the advantage of Kamo eggplant is soft and the flesh is dense and elastic, so it does not lose its shape even when cooked. It also has elements such as low oil absorption, non-stickiness over time, and good taste, as well as a highly sustainable agricultural production system (production that integrates soil-making, chemical fertilizer and chemical pesticide reduction) Method) and hydroponic soil cultivation (simultaneous fertilization with irrigation), and cultivated efficiently and successfully cultivated delicious, safe and secure new Kamo eggplants throughout the year.

The ability to provide new varieties of Kamo eggplant to consumers' tables when the Kamo eggplant is grown and not shipped. By changing the cultivation method and cultivation time, cultivating efficiently, and limiting the size of fruits to be harvested to a diameter of 7 cm to 10 cm and a weight of 150 g to 300 g, the monthly yield is 4 to 7 By increasing the number to 12 to 20 and growing new varieties of Kamo eggplants throughout the year, eggplant farmers can be profitable and operate stably.
Because of the stable management, the number of eggplant growers has increased, and the number of secondary processed food companies has also increased. , Wine pickles, sushi, and other dishes can also be activated throughout the year.
Cultivation of the new varieties Kamo eggplant incorporates an environmentally friendly and sustainable agricultural production method (production method that integrates soil creation, chemical fertilizer and chemical pesticides), and hydroponics soil cultivation (simultaneous irrigation cultivation) In each day, the fertilizer and mineral salt dissolved in irrigation are divided into several times a day (24 hours), and regularly infused with irrigation tubes on both sides of the root of the strain. A cultivation method characterized by periodically spraying leaves of fertilizer and mineral salt on the leaves of the new Kamo eggplant and a large size of 7 to 10 cm in diameter and 150 to 300 g in weight of young fruits By harvesting in this way, it is possible to harvest fresh and shiny new Kamo eggplant that is soft, smooth, fleshy and elastic, does not absorb too much oil, is soft and has a good texture, and is safe and secure. It was.

  This will be specifically described with reference to FIG. The seeds of the new species Kamo eggplant 2 collected from seeded eggplants that were cultivated and harvested from grafted seedlings, grafted with seedlings of Kamo to Taitaro (made by Takii) of eggplant rootstock 1 improved from wild species, June to 7 The seeds of the rootstock 1 that improved the wild species in the moon are sown at the same time, the seeds of the new species Kamo eggplant 2 are seeded in the seedling box, and the seeds of the rootstock 1 are seeded in the pot soil one by one. About 25 days after sowing, the seedlings of the rootstock 1 of the pot are grafted with the seedlings of the new species Kamo eggplant 2 with ceramic pins, and the grafted seedlings of the new species Kamo eggplant 2 are made.

Cultivation is carried out under eco-farmers certified by the prefectural government using an environmentally friendly and sustainable agricultural production method (a production method that integrates soil-making, chemical fertilizer and chemical pesticides). At the beginning of July, compost the fields in the cultivation house and plow deeply. At least 10 days before planting, spray 25kg of organic fertilizer and mix well in all layers before setting up.
The width of the ridge 3 is 100 cm and the height is 30 cm. After planting new seedlings of Kamo eggplant 2 in the pot for about 25 days, in July-September, grafted seedlings are planted at intervals of 70 cm to 80 cm in the center of the culm 3 in the cultivation house lined with a 50% light-shielding net.

  After planting, the natural enemy of the Thrips thrips is released to the leaves 12 and is environmentally friendly and sustainable. Agricultural production method (production method that reduces soil, chemical fertilizer and chemical pesticides in an integrated manner) It is characterized by the fact that it is cultivated by cultivating, automatically by hydroponic soil cultivation (simultaneous fertilization with irrigation) every day, fertilizer and mineral salt dissolved in irrigation divided into several times a day (24 hours), regularly It is in the cultivation method characterized by instilling with the irrigation tube 14 on the both sides of the root of the strain | stump | stock 4. The amount of fertilizer applied simultaneously is instilled with a solution of 0.1% fertilizer and 0.01% mineral salt in the irrigation, 2 liters to 4 liters per day (24 hours) divided into 3 to 4 times. To do. Fertilizer includes amino acid fertilizer. Foliar spraying is characterized by automatically spraying foliar with a solution of 0.5% to 1% amino acid fertilizer and 0.01% mineral salt in water using a fine fog system installed in the cultivation house. It is in the cultivation method. Amino acid fertilizer is composed mainly of amino acids derived from natural fish, and is effective for improving the taste and quality of new varieties of Kamo eggplant and increasing the ball growth, and is particularly effective for promoting growth at low temperatures and low temperatures. Mineral salt is a water molecule cluster in which water is dissolved in irrigation. The water molecule cluster is modified to a very small size and fertilizer in irrigation. And the leaf 12 is infiltrated to improve the momentum of the tree and improve the taste of the new species Kamo eggplant 2. In addition to fertilizer, 60g-70g of organic fertilizer is applied to one stock every year in view of the momentum of the tree. The shading net lining the cultivation house will be removed at the end of September after seeing the temperature and growth.

  After planting, two new Kamo eggplant 2 grafted seedlings grow and the first flower 13 blooms, leaving the main branch 5 and one of the future branches 5 below the first flower 13 and the other branches 5 and buds. 7 is pruned to strain 4. Then, one technique from the main branch 5, one from the branch 5, and one branch 5 are stretched to make the technique 5 tailored to four. The width of the branch 5 is about 100 cm, which is the same as the width of the ridge, and is about 50 cm in the direction of the heel 3, so that the branch 5 spreads sideways after a strong momentum and the height from the heel 3 is about 140 cm. Strain 4 is cultivated by keeping the top of cocoon 3 below 20 cm. When twigs 6 are formed on each of the four branches 5 at intervals of about 10 cm and flowers 13 are attached to the twigs 6, the twigs 6 ahead of the flowers 13 are pruned, and one fruit 8 is cultivated from one twig 6. . The harvest of the fruit 8 is to cut out the twig 6 with a scissors leaving one sprout 7 of the twig 6 from the branch 5, and to harvest the fruit 8 together with the twig 6 to a diameter of 7 cm to 10 cm and a weight of 150 g to 300 g. Features. The buds 7 between the branches 5 and the remaining twigs 6 grow to give flowers 13, and fruits 8 are harvested by repeated cultivation. Cultivation ends at the end of June of the following year. It is characterized by avoiding the harvest from July to August, when the stock 4 weakens due to heat and weight. Shortly after the first flower 13 blooms, the bees are released to the cultivation house and the flowers 13 are mated.

  The support of the branch 5 stands on both sides of the stock 4 at intervals of 250 cm from the ground, and the support wire 10 is stretched between the pillars 9 along the ridge 3 on both sides of the stock 4 at 80 cm and 145 cm from the ground. The tip of a resin reinforcing thread 11 entangled with each of the four tailored branches 5 is fixed and suspended on a 145 cm support wire 8 from the ground, and is also secured and suspended on an 80 cm wire 8 from the ground. This is a method of supporting the branch 5 of the new species Kamo eggplant, which is characterized by reducing the burden on the branch 5 caused by 8. It was a disadvantage that the monthly yield was as small as 4 to 7 from one stock, but the new cultivar Kamo eggplant 2 increased the monthly yield from 1 to 12 to 20 with the above cultivation method. It is possible to cultivate the new and safe Kamo eggplant 2 efficiently and throughout the year.

Seed the seeds of Kamo eggplant and the wild eggplant rootstock, Taitaro (made by Takii) on June 20th, the seed of Kamo eggplant in the seedling box, the seed of the rootstock in the pot soil Growing seedlings one by one. On July 15th, the new seeds of Kamo eggplants will be grafted by grafting Kasuga seedlings to the rootstock seeds of the pot with ceramic pins. On July 1st, we cultivated deeply the fields in the cultivation house of Akio Miyazaki, one of the inventors of the present invention who was certified by Okayama Prefecture. On July 25th, 5 kg of organic fertilizer was sprayed and mixed well in all layers, and then the ridges were 70 m long. The width of the ridges was 100 cm and the height was 30 cm. On August 8, a 50% light-shielding net was installed inside the cultivation house vinyl to shield it from light.
On August 10, 80 new Kamo eggplant seedlings were planted at intervals of 70 to 80 cm in the center of the cocoon.

Cultivation is the environmentally friendly and sustainable agricultural production method (production method that reduces soil, chemical fertilizer, and chemical pesticides in an integrated manner) by releasing the natural enemy of the Thrips thrips to the leaves after planting. Incorporation of hydroponic soil cultivation (simultaneous fertilization and fertilization), the amount of simultaneous fertilization is automatically every day, and a solution of 0.1% fertilizer and 0.01% mineral salt dissolved in the irrigation per day (24 hours) The cultivation method is characterized in that 2 liters to 4 liters are divided into 3 to 4 times, and drip is periodically performed on the both sides of the strain with an irrigation tube. Fertilizer includes amino acid fertilizer. Moreover, the leaf surface is periodically sprayed with the fine fog system which has installed the liquid which melt | dissolved the amino acid fertilizer 0.5% -1% and mineral salt 0.01% in water in the cultivation house. To do. The fine fog system can set the time and automatically spray the foliage.
The amino acid fertilizer was made from Eisai, which is mainly composed of amino acids derived from natural fish, and the mineral salt was made from natural salt made from 100% deep sea water.

The stock grows and leaves the main branch and one of the most promising branches below the first flower, and prunes the other branches and buds to form a stock. 1 branch from the main branch, 1 branch from the branch, and 4 branches.
The width of the branch is about 100 cm, which is the same as the width of the reed, and 50 cm in the reed direction. After the branch is strong, it spreads sideways and stops at a height of about 170 cm from the ground. The stock is cultivated to 20 cm or less from the top of the straw. When twigs are made on the four branches at intervals of about 10 cm and flowers are attached to the twigs, the twigs from the flowers are pruned and basically one fruit is grown from one twig. Harvesting the fruit leaves a sprout of twigs from the branches, cuts off the twigs with fruits, checks the size of the fruits together with the twigs, and limits the diameter to 7-10cm and weight 150g-300g. Harvest. The buds grow naturally between the technique and the remaining twigs, and the twigs are cultivated. The cultivation is repeated, and the fruits are harvested until the strains from September to the end of June are killed.

  To protect and reinforce the branches, hang a branch by fixing each branch to a wire with a plastic thread entangled with each branch tailored to four branches and stretching the tip and center of the thread between struts. This is a support method that reduces the burden on branches. As for fertilizer, 60g-70g is given to one stock per year in view of the momentum of the organic fertilizer in addition to hydroponics. The mating of the flowers is done by releasing the bees. The shading net of the cultivation house was removed on September 26.

Fruits were harvested from harvesting the fruit of the new Kamo eggplant on September 3 until the strain was killed on June 28 of the following year. The yield is about 2560 kg per year, 32 kg per share, and 200 g per piece. From September to the end of June of the following year, the average yield is 16 from one stock per month.
In the next fiscal year, we can expect further increase in yield by cultivating the point of cultivation, cultivation methods effective for growth promotion at low temperatures and low temperatures.
At the end of December, a tasting party was held at a hotel in Tokyo, gaining popularity and deepening confidence in the taste.

Nasushi Kamo is the peak season for shipments from June to July, and has finished growing at the end of September.
Recently, the demand for Kamo eggplant has increased a little, and foreigners such as gourmet Hong Kong have come to Japan for sightseeing and an increasing number of people want Kamo eggplant food. I think that the demand will increase even more when we can produce delicious new varieties of Kamo eggplant dishes at a time when Kamo eggplant is not shipped. By increasing the yield and cultivating throughout the year, the number of new cultivated Kamo eggplants grows, and secondary processed foods can be produced throughout the year, leading to the activation of local industries.

(1) Rootstock (2) Kamo eggplant (3) Straw (4) Strain (5) Branch (6) Twig (7) Bud (8) ) Fruit (9) Strut (10) Wire (11) Reinforcement thread (12) Leaf (13) Flower (14) Irrigation tube

Claims (3)

Both seedlings that have been sown in June-July are used to grow seedlings with improved wild seeds and Kasuga seedlings. The seedlings with Kasuga are grafted onto the seedlings to make grafted seedlings. A new species characterized by being planted in a cultivation house from July to September and harvested from September to the end of June of the following year. The low temperature period is cultivated throughout the year by heating the cultivation house to 12 ° C or higher. How to grow Kamo eggplant. A method for cultivating a new species of Kamo eggplant, characterized in that the size of fruits to be harvested is limited to a diameter of 7 cm to 10 cm and a weight of 150 g to 300 g, and is cultivated throughout the year. A new species of Kamo eggplant harvested by the cultivation method according to claim 1 or claim 2.

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