JP2014087268A - Eggplant cultivation method and eggplant - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an eggplant cultivation method by which various effects can be obtained such as that harvesting work of eggplants and internal management work can be performed easily and efficiently while a worker is in a state of standing upright without taking unnatural posture.SOLUTION: The method comprises: a planting step of planting a plurality of eggplant seedlings 30 at predetermined intervals in a longitudinal direction and forming a row of eggplants; and a training step of inducing a trunk 31 of the eggplant tree 30 to a horizontal direction or a direction toward obliquely upward to make it as a main branch, when a height Hfrom a top surface of a passage 10 provided on the left/right sides of the row of trees to the top edge of each trunk 31 becomes 50 to 100 cm, and trimming the branches so as to make a height Hfrom the top surface of the passage 10 to the highest point of a main branch 32 be in a range of 70 to 140 cm and an extention width Win a lateral direction of the main branch 32 be in a range of 50 to 140 cm. Eggplants 34 are harvested after passing through these steps.

Description

  The present invention relates to an eggplant cultivation method for cultivating eggplant and an eggplant cultivated by this eggplant cultivation method.

  As shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, the conventional cocoon cultivation forms a cocoon 20 in a field, and a plurality of cocoon seedlings 30 are planted at a predetermined interval in the front-rear direction at the center of the upper surface 21 of the cocoon. It is common to do this by forming a tree line. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a state in which eggplant cultivation is performed by a conventional method as viewed from a direction parallel to the tree line. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a state in which eggplant cultivation is performed by a conventional method as viewed from above the tree line. In FIG. 6, the leaves and palms of the palm tree 30 are omitted for convenience of illustration. On the left and right sides of the palm tree row 30, there are provided passages 10 for performing management work of the palm tree 30 and harvesting work of the palm tree.

  In the conventional cocoon cultivation, tailoring of each planted coconut seedling 30 (hereinafter, the planted seedling is referred to as a “tree”) is performed as shown in FIG. When the height is reached, the main branch 32 is generally attracted obliquely upward on the left and right sides of the main trunk 31 (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 to 3). As shown in FIG. 6, about four main branches 32 are attracted from one tree 30. This tailoring is called “V-shaped tailoring” or “U-shaped tailoring” because of the form of the palm tree 30 when viewed from a direction parallel to the tree line. The V-tailored coconut tree 30 has the advantage that light reaches the inside of the coconut tree 30 and thus the growth of buds generated inside the tree 30 is promoted, and a large amount of harvest per tree can be secured. doing.

However, in the V-shaped tailoring adopted in conventional cocoon cultivation, the height H _A (FIG. 5) from the upper surface of the passage 10 to the upper end of the trunk 31 of the palm tree 30 was set to be as low as about 40 cm. In addition, since the height H _B (FIG. 5) from the upper surface of the passage 10 to the highest point of the main branch 32 is set as high as around 200 cm, there are the following problems. That is, in cocoon cultivation, it is necessary to frequently perform an operation of removing excess buds and old leaves (hereinafter referred to as “internal management operation”) so that light can easily reach the inside of the palm tree 30. There is. However, the V-shaped coconut tree 30 has to perform its internal management work from its low position to its high position, and the farmer's person 100 bends as shown in FIG. On the other hand, there was a problem that he was forced to take an unreasonable posture, such as stretching his back, and had a heavy physical burden. In order to increase the yield of eggplant, it is necessary to carry out the internal management work carefully and frequently. However, if the physical burden is large, the internal management work will be neglected, leading to a decrease in the yield of eggplant. There is a fear.

This physical burden is further increased as the spread width W _A (FIG. 5) in the left-right direction of the main branch 32 is increased, and the number of places that are difficult to reach is increased. In addition, during the internal management work, there is a problem that the main branch 32 and the leaves attached to the left and right sides of the tree 30 are obstructed and the workability is lowered. The same can be said for the eggplant harvesting. In recent years, farmers tend to be aging, but considering the above physical burden in cocoon cultivation, the area used for cocoon cultivation has been reduced even though they own large fields. There were not a few farmers who suppressed it.

  The insulator 34 is composed of the main branch 32 and the side branch 35 branched from the main branch 32. Of these, the insulator 34 constituting the side branch 35 accounts for more than half of the total yield. For this reason, in order to increase the yield of the cocoon 34, it is necessary to make the side branch 35 have a large number of the cocoon 34. It is necessary to accelerate. However, in the V-shaped tailoring adopted in the conventional cocoon cultivation, the main branch 32 must be extended from the upper surface of the passage 10 to around 200 cm, and the growth of the side branch 35 is delayed. As a result, the coconut 34 can be harvested. There is also a problem that the time is delayed. While the main branch 32 is growing, nutrients are taken up by the growth of the main branch 32, so that the nutrients tend not to be used for growth of the side branch 35.

  Furthermore, in the palm cultivation, since the palm tree 30 is likely to have pests, it is necessary to frequently carry out a spraying operation of the agricultural chemical. However, in order to spray the pesticide on the V-shaped palm tree 30, it is necessary to spray the pesticide to a high position, and there is a problem that the pesticide is sprayed in large quantities on the body of the person spraying it. Although pesticides are used that have little harm to the human body, if they are inhaled in large quantities, they may be harmful to health. In addition, spraying pesticides at high locations increases the amount of pesticides scattered around the area, increasing the amount of pesticide used and increasing the adverse effects of the pesticide on the surroundings.

Furthermore, in the conventional coconut cultivation method for V-shaped tailoring, the main branch 32 is attracted to a high position diagonally upward, so that it is necessary to stand the field with the long support 50 tilted as shown in FIG. was there. The work of standing the long and heavy support column 50 obliquely at an accurate inclination angle is not always easy and requires labor and labor. Moreover, since the long support | pillar 50 is expensiveness, the conventional cultivation method of the eggplant which performs V-shaped tailoring, etc. needed the material cost of about 500,000 yen per 1000 m < ² > of fields, and also had the problem that introduction cost was high. This introduction cost is considered to be one of the reasons why the number of farmers who start new palm cultivation does not increase.

JP 2007-236371 A JP 2010-233512 A Actual No. 3040357

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and the height of the branches of the palm tree ranges from the lower waist of the person to the chest, and the passages on the left and right sides of the palm tree line By making the hand reach the inside of the coconut tree, the internal management work of the coconut tree and the harvesting work of the coconut tree can be performed easily and efficiently without taking an unreasonable posture by the person standing in the passage It provides a method for cultivating eggplant. It is also an object of the present invention to provide a method for cultivating eggplant that can grow side branches of a palm tree at an early stage and can harvest many eggplants from an early stage. Furthermore, it is possible to spray pesticides throughout the palm tree without spraying pesticides up to a high position, so that the pesticides do not shake the body of the person spraying them, and the amount of pesticides that are scattered around It is also an object of the present invention to provide an eggplant cultivation method that can be suppressed. Furthermore, it is also an object of the present invention to provide a method for cultivating eggplant that does not require an operation of standing a long support at an angle and can reduce the material cost at the time of introduction.

The above issues
A planting process in which a plurality of palm seedlings are planted at a predetermined interval in the front-rear direction to form a palm tree;
Lord attract a direction toward the main stem in the horizontal direction or obliquely upward at the height H _A from the upper surface of the passage on the left and right of the tree row to the top of each eggplant tree main trunk becomes 50~100cm with a branch, the height _{H B} from an upper surface of the passage to the highest point of the main branch is in the range of 70～140Cm, and spread width _{W a} of the left and right direction of the main branch and scope of 50~140cm A tailoring process for branching so that
This is solved by providing a method for cultivating eggplant, which is characterized by harvesting the eggplant.

  As a result, the position of the main branch of the palm tree can be set within a range that can be reached by a person standing in the right and left passages of the palm tree without taking an unreasonable posture. For this reason, it becomes possible to carry out the internal management work of the palm tree and the harvesting work of the palm tree easily and efficiently. Since the palm cultivation method of the present invention has less physical burden, it can be easily performed even by an elderly person. For this reason, it is considered that there are fewer farmers who refrain from physical burden and limit the cultivation area of eggplant. In addition, since the internal management work of palm trees can be performed carefully and frequently, it is possible to increase the yield of palm trees per tree. Therefore, it can be expected that the yield of eggplant in Japan will increase.

  In addition, in the method for cultivating eggplant of the present invention, the main branch is shorter than the conventional method for cultivating eggplant by V-shaped tailoring (the time to stop the growth by pinching the main branch is early), so the side branch is grown early. It will be possible to increase the initial yield of the eggplant. Eggplants harvested early are high in transaction price and contribute to securing farmers' profits.

  Furthermore, in the method of cultivating coconuts of the present invention, since the coconut trees are tailored to be in the range of 100 to 140 cm from the road surface even at the highest part of the main branch, the entire coconut tree can be obtained without spraying pesticides up to a high position. Can be sprayed with pesticides. This not only prevents the pesticide from splashing on the body of the person spraying it, so that the health of the person is not harmed, but also prevents the pesticide from flying to useless places and reduces the amount of pesticide used. It can also be suppressed.

  Furthermore, in the cocoon cultivation method of the present invention, the length of the support is shorter than the support used in the conventional V-shaped tailoring, so the material cost can be reduced. And in the coconut cultivation method of this invention, it is not necessary to stand a support | pillar diagonally like the conventional V-shaped tailoring, and since a support | pillar should just stand upright, it is also possible to reduce the effort and labor which stand a support | pillar.

  By the way, in the palm cultivation method of this invention, since the height of a palm tree is made lower than the conventional palm cultivation method by V-shaped tailoring, the yield per tree is compared with the conventional palm cultivation method. It seems to decrease. However, in the method of coconut cultivation according to the present invention, the main branch of the coconut tree is not expanded upward, but is expanded in the direction of the tree line. Therefore, the yield per tree is cultivated by conventional V-shaped tailoring. It is possible to surpass the method. In addition, since the palm cultivation method of the present invention can easily manage palm trees, it is easy to devise the tailoring of palm trees. For this reason, it is also possible to secure a larger yield by arranging the main branches on which the side branches are formed densely or by using auxiliary branches described later.

The fact that the main branches of the palm tree spread in the direction of the tree line also means that the number of palm tree seedlings can be reduced. For this reason, in the eggplant cultivation method of this invention, it is also possible to reduce the purchase cost of the eggplant seedling. The reduced amount of palm seedlings can be covered by the yield per tree. The coconut cultivation method of the present invention, when the number of coconut seedlings is reduced compared with the conventional cocoon cultivation method by V-shaped tailoring, when harvested per 1000 m ^{2 of} field, It is possible to surpass the amount.

  In the above-described palm cultivation method of the present invention, the specific tailoring method of the palm tree is not particularly limited as long as the position of the main branch can be within the above range. For example, the following two tailoring methods are available. A suitable example is given. First, in the tailoring process, a main branch is attracted to the left and right sides from the upper end of the main trunk of each palm tree. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 1, the form of the palm tree when viewed from a direction parallel to the tree row can be Y-shaped or T-shaped. Second, in the tailoring process, the main branch is attracted only to the left and right sides from the upper end of the main trunk of each palm tree. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 3, the form of the palm tree when viewed from the direction parallel to the tree row can be formed in an inverted L shape. In both the first method and the second method, the tip of the main branch may be extended upward as long as the position of the main branch is within the above range.

  In addition, the above-described method for cultivating eggplant according to the present invention is characterized in that the highest point in the main branch of the palm tree is limited as compared with the conventional method for cultivating eggplant by V-shaped tailoring. However, one of the features is that the branching point of the main branch of the palm tree (substantially coincides with the upper end of the trunk) does not become lower than the conventional palm cultivation method using V-shaped tailoring. Yes. The former can be realized by pinching the main branch of the palm tree at a predetermined height and stopping its growth. On the other hand, the latter can be realized by a plurality of methods. The method of realizing the latter is roughly divided into a method of increasing the position where the palm seedlings are planted and a method of increasing the position where the main branch of the palm tree branches (ie, increasing the trunk of the palm tree) There is.

Among these, as a method of raising the position for planting the palm seedlings, a cocoon is formed in the field (providing a cocoon formation process), and in the planting process, a plurality of palm seedlings are placed on the upper surface of the cocoon. A method of planting at a predetermined interval in the front-rear direction is mentioned. As a result, the position of the main branch of the palm tree can be increased by the height of the cocoon. The height from the upper surface of the passage to the upper surface of the cocoon is preferably 25 cm or higher than that of the cocoon (usually around 20 cm) formed by the conventional V-shaped tailoring method. Thereby, it becomes easy to set height _HA from the upper surface of a channel | path to the upper end of the main trunk of each palm tree in said range. The height from the upper surface of the passage to the upper surface of the ridge is not particularly limited as long as the height _HA can be in the above range, but if it is too high, the labor associated with the formation of the ridge increases. 60 cm or less, more preferably 50 cm or less, and further preferably 40 cm or less.

Further, as a method for increasing the position for planting the coconut seedlings, a method using the height of the seedling pot in which the coconut seedlings are planted may be used. Specifically, using a plant grown in a bottomless seedling pot as a palm seedling to be planted in the planting process, in the planting process, the root of the palm seedling is exposed from the bottom of the seedling pot and the root is soiled. This is a method of planting coconut seedlings by installing a seedling pot so as to come into contact with the plant. This makes it possible to increase the planting position of the palm seedlings by the height of the soil (usually about 5 to 15 cm) placed in the seedling pot. Therefore, it becomes easier to set the height _HA from the upper surface of the passage to the upper end of the main trunk of each palm tree within the above range. Here, the “bottomless seedling pot” is a concept including both a seedling pot having a structure without a bottom from the beginning and a structure obtained by removing the bottom of a seedling pot having a structure after the bottom.

On the other hand, as a method of increasing the position where the main branch of the palm tree branches, there is a method of using the buds that emerge from a high position on the trunk of the palm tree as the main branch. That is, in the cocoon cultivation method of the present invention, in the tailoring process, the main trunk extending upward from the first flower of the coconut tree of each coconut tree is usually attracted in the horizontal direction or the diagonally upward direction. The main branch (subordinate concept of the main branch; the same shall apply hereinafter) and the buds that come directly under the flower are attracted as the second main branch (subordinate concept of the main branch; the same applies hereinafter). , The main trunk extending upward from the second and subsequent flowers on the main trunk of each palm tree is drawn in the horizontal direction or in a diagonally upward direction to become the first main branch, and comes out from directly below the flower It is a method of using axillary buds as a second main branch and attracting them. This makes it possible to increase the position at which the main branch branches (that is, to increase the main trunk of the palm tree). Therefore, it becomes easier to set the height _HA from the upper surface of the passage to the upper end of the main trunk of each palm tree within the above range.

At this time, in the tailoring process, it is preferable to attract the buds that emerge from the lower side of the portion that attracts the second main branch among the flowers that arrive at the main trunk of each palm tree as auxiliary branches. A side branch is also formed from this auxiliary branch, and the side branch is made of coconut. For this reason, the vacant space formed between the main branches can be used effectively, and the yield per tree can be further increased. The tailoring of this auxiliary branch is the same as the tailing of the main branch described above. That is, Seieda as the height _{H B} from an upper surface of the passage to the highest point of the auxiliary branch 'is in the range of 70～140Cm, and spread width _{W A} of the left and right direction of the auxiliary branch' is in the range of 50~140cm I do.

Moreover, as a method of raising the position where the main branch in the palm tree branches, a method of planting a tall palm seedling in the planting step can also be mentioned. Specifically, it is a method of using grafted seedlings in which a saplings are in contact with rootstocks as palm seedlings to be planted in the planting process, and the rootstocks are cut right above the main leaves. This is because most of the coconut seedlings used in economic cultivation are grafted seedlings, cultivars that are resistant to pathogens are used as rootstocks, and delicious varieties are used as hogi. . However, since the common grafted seedlings of coconut palms are cut off directly above Futaba as rootstocks, their height is not high. In this regard, as described above, the rootstock height is increased by using the rootstock that is cut right above the main leaf (the leaf that reaches above Futaba). Can be higher than typical grafted seedlings. Therefore, it becomes easier to set the height _HA from the upper surface of the passage to the upper end of the main trunk of each palm tree within the above range.

  In the above, multiple patterns have been described for the method to prevent the position where the main branch of the palm tree branches off from being lowered (the main trunk of the palm tree is raised), but these methods can not be adopted only independently. They can also be used in combination with each other.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the height of the branch of the palm tree is set from the lower waist to the upper chest of the person, and the path from the left and right sides of the palm tree line to the inside of the palm tree. By providing a coconut tree, a palm cultivation method that can easily and efficiently perform the internal management work of the palm tree and the harvesting process of the palm tree without taking an unreasonable posture by a person standing in the passage It becomes possible. Moreover, the side branch of a palm tree can be grown early, and it becomes possible to provide the palm cultivation method which can harvest many palm trees from an early stage. Furthermore, it is possible to spray pesticides throughout the palm tree without spraying pesticides up to a high position, so that the pesticides do not shake the body of the person spraying them, and the amount of pesticides that are scattered around It is also possible to provide an eggplant cultivation method that can be suppressed. Furthermore, it is possible to provide a method for cultivating eggplant that does not require an operation of standing a long support at an angle and can reduce the cost of materials at the time of introduction.

It is the figure which showed the state which looked at the mode which is performing palm cultivation with the method of the 1st embodiment of this invention from the direction parallel to a tree line. It is the figure which showed the state which looked at the mode which is performing palm cultivation with the method of the 1st embodiment of this invention from the upper direction of the tree line. It is the figure which showed the state which looked at the mode which is performing palm cultivation with the method of the 2nd embodiment of this invention from the direction parallel to a tree line. It is the figure which showed the state which looked at the mode which is performing palm cultivation with the method of the 2nd embodiment of this invention from the upper direction of a tree line. It is the figure which showed the state which looked at the mode which is performing palm cultivation with the conventional method from the direction parallel to a tree line. It is the figure which showed the state which looked at the state which is performing palm cultivation with the conventional method from the upper direction of a tree line.

  Hereinafter, the suitable embodiment of the coconut cultivation method of this invention is described more concretely using drawing. In the following, the embodiment of the present invention will be described by taking two embodiments (first embodiment and second embodiment) as examples, but the technical scope of the present invention is limited to these embodiments. Without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

1.0 Eggplant cultivation method of the first embodiment First, the eggplant cultivation method of the first embodiment will be described. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a state in which palm cultivation is performed by the method of the first embodiment of the present invention as viewed from a direction parallel to a tree line. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a state in which palm cultivation is performed by the method according to the first embodiment of the present invention as viewed from above the tree line. In FIG. 2, the leaves and palms of the palm tree 30 are omitted for convenience of illustration. The eggplant cultivation method of the first embodiment is to harvest the eggplant after undergoing the paddy formation process, the planting process, the attracting means installation process, and the tailoring process. Hereinafter, the palm cultivation method of the first embodiment will be described in detail for each step.

1.1 Wrinkle formation process A wrinkle formation process is a process of forming the wrinkle 20 in the place where the eggplant grows in a field, as shown in FIG.1 and FIG.2. In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, only one ridge 20 is drawn, but it is also possible to form the ridges 20 in a plurality of rows according to the size of the field. The length of the basket 20 in the front-rear direction is also appropriately determined according to the size of the field. A passage 10 is provided on the left and right sides of the basket 20. The height h ₁ of the reed 20 (height from the upper surface of the passage 10 to the upper surface 21 of the reed 20) is the height _HA from the upper surface of the passage 10 to the upper end of the main trunk 31 of the palm tree 30 as described above. If it can be set as the range of 50-100 cm, it will not specifically limit. In eggplant cultivation method of the first embodiment, it has a height h ₁ of the ridges 20 to about 30 cm.

Also, left-right width ridges 20 W _B is not particularly limited. However, too narrow a width W _B of the ridges 20, to the ridges 20 is easily collapsed, the stability of the eggplant tree 30 is deteriorated. Therefore, the width _{W B} of the ridges 20 is generally a 30cm or more. Width _{W B} of the ridges 20 is preferred when the 50cm or more. On the other hand, an excessively large width W _B of the ridges 20, not only a human standing in the passage 10 is not easily access inside eggplant tree 30, so laborious to work of forming ridges 20. Therefore, the width _{W B} of the ridges 20 is generally less 140cm. Width _{W B} of the ridges 20 is preferably When 120cm less, more preferable to less 100 cm. The width W _{B of the} cocoon 20 is not meaningful even if it is wider than the width W _A of the main branch 32 of the palm tree 30 in the left-right direction. Become. Therefore, the width W _B of the ridges 20 are spread width W _A and equal to or in the main branch 32 is less.

1.2 Planting Step As shown in FIG. 2, the planting step is a step of planting a plurality of palm seedlings 30 at a predetermined interval in the front-rear direction to form a palm tree row. In the cocoon cultivation method of the first embodiment, a plurality of cocoon seedlings 30 are planted at predetermined intervals in the front-rear direction along the center line on the upper surface 21 of the cocoon 20. The kind of the palm seedling 30 to be planted in the planting process is not particularly limited, but as described above, most of the palm seedling 30 is a grafted seedling in the economical cultivation of the palm. In the coconut cultivation method of the first embodiment, “Trero” (variety registration number 3700) which is resistant to diseases is used as rootstock, and grafted seedlings using delicious “Chukuyo” as hogi are used. . As described above, the rootstock is not cut right above the Futaba but can be cut right above the main leaf. This makes it possible to maintain a high height h ₂ of the trunk 31 of the eggplant seedlings 30. In addition, the palm seedling 30 can be made more resistant to diseases.

By the way, the palm seedling 30 is normally in a state of being planted in a seedling pot. Generally, the palm seedling 30 is planted by removing the palm seedling 30 from the seedling pot together with the soil and planting it in a hole dug in the upper surface 21 of the cocoon 20. However, in the cocoon cultivation method of the first embodiment, the bottomless seedling pot 40 is used as the seedling pot, and the root of the palm seedling is extracted from the bottom of the seedling pot 40 without removing the seedling 30 from the seedling pot 40. The seedling pot 40 is placed on the upper surface 21 of the cocoon 20 so that the roots come into contact with the soil of the cocoon 20 so that the palm seedling 30 is planted. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 1, the palm seedling 30 is planted at a high position by the height h ₃ of the seedling pot 40 (strictly, the height of the soil put in the seedling pot 40). Is possible. In the palm cultivation method of the first embodiment, the height of the seedling pot 40 is about 12 cm, and the height of the soil put therein is about 10 cm. Since the seedling pot 40 remains as it is below the main trunk 31 of the palm seedling 30, the stability of the palm tree 30 after planting is maintained. However, when the palm tree 30 after planting is unstable, the periphery of the seedling pot 40 may be filled with soil, or the lower part of the seedling pot 40 may be buried in the basket 20.

  The bottomless seedling pot 40 may be a bottomed seedling pot obtained by cutting the bottom of the bottomed seedling pot with a scissors or a cutter, but this operation is not always easy. For this reason, in the eggplant cultivation method of the first embodiment, a seedless pot 40 having a structure without a bottom is used from the beginning. However, in this case, soil or the like may fall from under the seedling pot 40. For this reason, the bottomless seedling pot 40 was housed in a bottomed seedling pot (not shown) having the same shape as that, and soil was put into the seedling pot to raise seedlings. The seedling 30 after raising is transported to the field in a state where it is planted in a bottomed seedling pot (more precisely, a bottomless seedling pot 40 accommodated in the bottomed seedling pot), and immediately before planting. The bottomless seedling pot 40 is taken out from the bottomed seedling pot and planted.

The distance D _A (FIG. 2) in the front-rear direction at the center point of the place where the palm seedling 30 is planted is not particularly limited. However, too narrow in the longitudinal direction of the spacing D _A of the eggplant seedlings 30, there is no space to let spread main branch 32 and the auxiliary branch 33 in eggplant tree 30 to tree column direction, ensuring the yield per tree It becomes difficult to do. In addition, the number of palm seedlings 30 to be used also increases. Therefore, distance _{D A} in the front-rear direction of the eggplant seedlings 30 is usually a 70cm or more. Spacing _{D A} of the front-rear direction of the eggplant seedlings 30, preferable to be 90cm or more, and more preferably more than 100 cm.

On the other hand, if the distance D _A (FIG. 2) in the front-rear direction of the palm seedling 30 is too wide, useless space will be generated unless the main branch 32 and the auxiliary branch 33 of the palm tree 30 are extended in the row direction. become. However, if the main branch 32 and the auxiliary branch 33 are extended too much, the auxiliary branch 35 (FIG. 1) grows slowly, which is not preferable from the viewpoint of early harvesting. Therefore, distance _{D A} in the front-rear direction of the eggplant seedlings 30 is usually less 200 cm. Spacing _{D A} of the front-rear direction of the eggplant seedlings 30 preferably is not more than 170cm, and more preferably a 150cm below. Spacing _{D A} of the front-rear direction of the eggplant seedlings 30 are optimally per 110～130Cm. In eggplant cultivation method of the first embodiment, the spacing D _A of the front-rear direction of the eggplant seedlings 30 is approximately 120 cm.

1.3 Attracting means installation process The attracting means installation process is a process of installing attracting means for attracting the main branch 32 and the auxiliary branch 33 of the palm tree 30 in a later tailoring process. The attracting means is usually provided by stretching an attracting wire along the direction in which the main branch 32 and the auxiliary branch 33 are desired to be attracted. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, from the upper part of the main trunk 31 in each palm tree 30, four main branches 32a, second main branches 32b, third main branches 32c, and fourth main branches 32d are formed. When the main branch 32 is attracted in an X shape in plan view and the two auxiliary branches 33 including the first auxiliary branch 33a and the second auxiliary branch 33b are attracted to the left and right, the main trunk of each palm tree 30 A total of six induction wires (not shown) extending radially from the upper part of 31 may be stretched.

  The end portions of these attracting wires are usually tied to a plurality of support columns 50 erected on the field and wires 61 and 62 provided in a stretched state between these support columns 50. In the palm cultivation method of the first embodiment, the support columns 50 are erected at predetermined intervals along the front-rear direction on both sides of the palm tree row. If necessary, wires (wires other than the wires 61 and 62) may be stretched at other locations. For example, a wire can be provided at a position parallel to the wires 61 and 62 and passing near the upper portion of the main trunk 31. In the cocoon cultivation method of the first embodiment, since the support 50 is shorter than the support (usually 200 cm or more) in the conventional cocoon cultivation method, the cost is low, and it is not necessary to incline with respect to the ground. The labor and cost of constructing it can be reduced. In the eggplant cultivation method of the first embodiment, the full length of the support 50 (the length including the portion buried in the ground) is about 120 cm.

The distance D _B (FIG. 2) in the front-rear direction in which the columns 50 are erected is not particularly limited, but if it is too narrow, the number of columns 50 increases and the material cost also increases. Therefore, distance _{D B} is usually equal to or greater than 100 cm. Interval _{D B} is preferable to be more than 150 cm, and more preferably is not less than 200 cm. In contrast, an excessively wide gap D _B, to keep the taut wire 61 may become difficult. Therefore, distance _{D B} is usually less 400 cm. Interval _{D B} is preferable to be less 350 cm, and more preferably is not more than 300 cm. In eggplant cultivation method of the first embodiment, the spacing _{D B,} is about 240 cm.

Further, the horizontal distance D _C (FIGS. 1 and 2) at which the support 50 is erected is not particularly limited, but usually, the spread width W _A in the left-right direction of the main branch 32 in the palm tree 30 (FIG. 2). ) And the width W _A ′ of the auxiliary branch 33 in the left-right direction (FIG. 2). Also in eggplant cultivation method of the first embodiment, the right and left direction between the upright posts 50, are set to about 100 cm, spread in the lateral direction of the spread width W _A and the auxiliary branch 33 in the lateral direction of the main branch 32 The width W _A ′ is substantially matched. This attracting means installation step may be completed before the main planting step of the palm tree 30 or the auxiliary branch 33 is started in the following tailoring step, and may be performed before the planting step.

1.4 Tailoring process The tailoring process is a process in which the palm tree 30 is tailored by attracting or cutting back the main branch 32 and auxiliary branch 33 of the palm tree 30 and completing the tree pattern. . In the palm cultivation method of the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the palm tree 30 has a Y-shaped tree shape when the palm tree 30 is viewed from a direction parallel to the tree line. The main branch 32 and the auxiliary branch 33 are attracted obliquely upward from the upper end of the main trunk 31 to the left and right sides.

  More specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, two main branches 32 (a first main branch 32a and a fourth main branch 32d) are attracted to the right side from the main trunk 31 of each palm tree 30, and the main trunk 31 is attracted. The two main branches 32 (second main branch 33b and third main branch 32b) are attracted to the left side from 31. In addition, one auxiliary branch 33 (first auxiliary branch 33a) is attracted to the right side from the main trunk 31, and one auxiliary branch 33 (second auxiliary branch 33b) is attracted to the left side from the main trunk 31. The first auxiliary branch 33a is attracted at an approximately middle position between the first main branch 32a and the fourth main branch 32d, and the second auxiliary branch 33b is approximately at an intermediate position between the second main branch 32b and the third main branch 32c. Is attracted by. Thus, by attracting a plurality of main branches 32 and auxiliary branches 33 from each palm tree 30, it is possible to secure a large yield per tree.

  Of the buds attached to the palm tree 30, which one is attracted as the main branch 33 and which is attracted as the auxiliary branch 33 is not particularly limited, but in the palm cultivation method of the first embodiment, the palm tree 30 The main trunk 31 extending upward from the flower that first arrived at the main trunk 31 is attracted obliquely upward to form the first main branch 32a, and the buds that come out immediately below the flower are attracted as the second main branch 32b. In addition, the second main branch is attracted as the third main branch 32c, and the buds that come out immediately below the flower that has arrived second on the first main branch 32a (the flower that arrived next to the flower that attracted the second main branch 32b). The axillary bud that comes from directly below the flower that first arrived at 32b is attracted as a fourth main branch 32d. Furthermore, a pair of buds that emerge from a high position near the branch point of the first main branch 32a and the second main branch 32b in the main trunk 31 are attracted as a first auxiliary branch 33a and a second auxiliary branch 33b, respectively. Since these buds are strong, each main branch 32 and each auxiliary branch 33 grow strongly. By the way, when it is desired to raise the main trunk 31, the main trunk 31 extending upward from the second and subsequent flowers on the main trunk 31 of the palm tree 30 is used as the first main branch 32 a, and the buds that come out immediately below the flower Can be attracted as the second main branch 32b. In this case, the method of attracting the third main branch 32c, the fourth main branch 32d, the first auxiliary branch 33a, and the second auxiliary branch 33b is substantially the same as before.

The height H _A (FIG. 1) from the upper surface of the passage 10 to the upper end of the main trunk 31 of the palm tree 30 is not particularly limited as long as it is in the range of 50 to 100 cm. However, in order to be able to perform the internal management work of the palm tree 30 and the harvesting operation of the palm tree in a more comfortable posture without bending the waist, the height _HA is 60 cm or more. Preferably, 70 cm or more is more preferable. On the other hand, the height _HA is preferably 90 cm or less so that the internal management work of the palm tree 30 and the harvesting work of the palm tree can be performed in a more comfortable posture without stretching the back. , 80 cm or less is more preferable. In the eggplant cultivation method of the first embodiment, the height _HA is about 75 cm. The height _HA substantially matches the height of the lowest point of the main branch 32 and the height of the lowest point of the auxiliary branch 33.

In addition, the height H _B from the upper surface of the passage 10 to the highest point of the main branch 32 (FIG. 1) and the height H _B ′ (FIG. 1) from the upper surface of the passage 10 to the highest point of the auxiliary branch 33 are already present. As stated, it is not particularly limited as long as it is in the range of 70 to 140 cm. However, in order to be able to perform the internal management work of the palm tree 30 and the harvesting work of the palm tree in a more comfortable posture without bending the waist, the height H _B and the height H _B ' Is preferably 80 cm or more, and more preferably 90 cm or more. On the other hand, in order to be able to carry out the internal management work of the palm tree 30 and the harvesting work of the palm tree in a more comfortable posture without stretching the back, the height H _B and the height H _B ′ are 130 cm or less, more preferably 120 cm or less, and even more preferably 110 cm or less. In the eggplant cultivation method of the first embodiment, the height H _B and the height H _B ′ are about 100 cm.

Further, the spreading width W _A in the left-right direction of the main branch 32 (FIGS. 1 and 2) and the spreading width W _A ′ in the left-right direction of the auxiliary branch 33 (FIGS. 1 and 2) are also as described above. If it is the range of 50-140 cm, it will not specifically limit. However, 1 in order to ensure the yield per tree, the width _{W A} and width _{W A} 'is preferably When 60cm or more, more preferably when the 70cm or more, more preferably when the 80cm or more, when the 90cm or more optimal It is. On the other hand, and internal management work and eggplant harvest work of eggplant trees 30, in order to be able to be carried out in a more comfortable position without having to or forced to extend the hand or the stretch, the width W _A and the width _{W a} 'preferably when less 130 cm, and more preferably when the 120cm or less, more preferably to less 110 cm. In eggplant cultivation method of the first embodiment, and the width _{W A} and width _{W A} 'is about 100 cm.

1.5 Harvest The above-described tailoring process is performed, and when the insulator 34 grows to a predetermined size, the insulator 34 is harvested. When cultivated by the cocoon cultivation method of the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, all the coconuts 34 are such that a person 100 standing upright on the passage 10 on both sides of the cocoon tree bends and stretches. It will be in a position where you can harvest without forcing your hands out. In particular, the coconut tree 34 formed near the center of the coconut tree 30 can be harvested in an easy posture.

1.6 Test The cocoon cultivation was actually performed by the cocoon cultivation method of the first embodiment. First, at the time of its introduction, in the case of the conventional eggplant cultivation method by V-shaped tailoring (FIGS. 5 and 6), the material cost which required around 500,000 yen per 1000 m ^{2 of} field is the first embodiment. In the coconut cultivation method (FIGS. 1 and 2), it was possible to reduce the cost to about 280,000 yen per 1000 m ^{2 of} field. In addition, in the conventional coconut cultivation method using V-shaped tailoring, 570 coconut seedlings were required per 1000 m ² of the field, and in the coconut cultivation method of the first embodiment, the coconut seedling can be reduced to 520 per 1000 m ² of the field. It was. For this reason, it was possible to reduce the purchase cost of palm seedlings and the labor and cost required for the planting. Furthermore, at the time of the tailoring process and the harvesting of the eggplant, it was possible to carry out with an easy posture while standing upright from the path of the palm tree line, and there was little physical burden. Furthermore, when spraying the agricultural chemical, the agricultural chemical was sprayed at a low position, and the worker's body was hardly applied with the agricultural chemical. In addition, the amount of agricultural chemicals used was reduced.

  And in the initial yield from the middle of June to the end of July, the eggplant cultivation method of the first embodiment markedly exceeded. For this reason, it turned out that the eggplant cultivation method of a 1st embodiment is a cultivation method with a higher profit rate than the eggplant cultivation method by the conventional V-shaped tailoring. On the other hand, in the harvest amount in the whole harvest period from the middle of June to the beginning of November, no significant difference was observed between the cocoon cultivation method of the first embodiment and the cocoon cultivation method by the conventional V-shaped tailoring. However, the eggplant cultivation method of the first embodiment is still in a pilot stage. In the palm cultivation method of the first embodiment, considering that the internal management work becomes easier, more precise internal management work can be taken into consideration, so that more palms can be formed and the whole harvest period It is expected that the amount of harvest in can greatly exceed the conventional eggplant cultivation method by V-shaped tailoring. As mentioned above, it turned out that the insulator cultivation method of a 1st embodiment is advantageous in all aspects compared with the insulator cultivation method by the conventional V-shaped tailoring.

2.0 Eggplant cultivation method of 2nd embodiment Then, the eggplant cultivation method of 2nd embodiment is demonstrated. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a state in which eggplant cultivation is performed by the method of the second embodiment of the present invention as seen from a direction parallel to the tree line. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a state in which palm cultivation is performed by the method of the second embodiment of the present invention as seen from above the tree line. In FIG. 4, the leaves and palms of the palm tree 30 are omitted for convenience of illustration. Similarly to the cocoon cultivation method of the first embodiment, the cocoon cultivation method of the second embodiment harvests the cocoon after the cocoon formation step, the planting step, the attracting means installation step, and the tailoring step. In the cocoon cultivation method of the second embodiment, in the tailoring process, as shown in FIG. 3, the coconut tree is shaped like an inverted L when the palm tree 30 is viewed from a direction parallel to the tree line. The main branch 32 and the auxiliary branch 33 are attracted obliquely upward only from the upper end of the main trunk 31 of the tree 30 to the left and right sides.

  More specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, one main branch (first main branch 32a) is connected to the wire 61 (or from the main trunk 31 of each palm tree 30 to the rear side in the tree line direction (upward in the drawing). The wire 62) is pulled along the wire 62 and is pulled obliquely upward from the middle toward the wire 64 (or the wire 63), and one main branch (second side) from the main trunk 31 to the tree line direction front side (downward in the drawing). The main branch 32b) is attracted along the wire 61 (or the wire 62) and is attracted obliquely upward from the middle toward the wire 64 (or the wire 63). Then, one auxiliary branch 33 (first auxiliary branch 33 a) is attracted from the main trunk 31. The first auxiliary branch 33a is attracted at a substantially intermediate position between the first main branch 32a and the second main branch 32b. For this reason, the palm tree 30 has an E shape (or an inverted E shape) when viewed from above.

In the palm cultivation method of the second embodiment, the palm trees 30 adjacent to each other in the tree line direction may be tailored in the same direction. However, in the palm cultivation method of the second embodiment, FIG. As shown, the left and right sides of the palm tree 30 adjacent to each other are tailored so as to be staggered. Thus, planting position eggplant tree 30 adjacent back and forth, left and right are adapted to alternately switched in, ridges 20, a width W _B of the left-right direction in the lateral direction of the main branch 32 and the auxiliary branch 33 Are formed so as to be slightly wider than the spreading widths W _A and W _A ′.

In addition, the second main branch of the coconut tree 30 on the rear side of the one coconut tree 30 is located at a substantially intermediate position between the first main branch 32a and the first auxiliary branch 33a of the one coconut tree 30. The leading end side of the one palm tree 30 is attracted, and the palm tree 30 on the front side of the one palm tree 30 is located at a substantially middle position between the second main branch 32b and the first auxiliary branch 33a of the one palm tree 30. The leading end side of the first main branch 32a is attracted. Interval longitudinal eggplant tree 30 D _A, the interval D _A and either the same extent in the eggplant cultivation method of the first embodiment can be somewhat narrow. This makes it possible to densely plant the palm tree 30 and increase the yield of the palm tree.

  In the palm cultivation method of the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the wires 61 and 63 are provided in a state of being stretched so as to be parallel to the upper and lower two stages on the left side of the tree row. The two wires 62 and 64 on the right side are provided in a state of being stretched so as to be parallel to the upper and lower two stages on the right side of the tree line. Between the wire 61 and the wire 64 and between the wire 62 and the wire 63, an attracting wire (not shown) for attracting the main branch 32 and the auxiliary branch 33 in a direction perpendicular to the wires 61 to 64 is stretched. Is provided. In addition, about the structure which is not mentioned especially, since the structure similar to a 1st embodiment is employable, detailed description is omitted. It is expected that the same method as in the first embodiment is also achieved in the above-described eggplant cultivation method of the second embodiment.

10 Passage 20 ２１ 21 Top surface of 畝 30 Palm tree (seed)
31 main trunk 32 main branch 32a first main branch 32b second main branch 32c third main branch 32d fourth main branch 33 auxiliary branch 33a first auxiliary branch 33b second auxiliary branch 34 insulator 35 side branch 40 seedling pot 50 strut 61 wire 62 wire 63 wire 64 wire 100 farmer human D _a in the lateral direction erected in the longitudinal direction of the spacing D _C pillars erected in the longitudinal direction of the spacing D _B pillars at the center point of the place of planting eggplant seedlings distance H _a Height from the upper surface of the passage to the upper end of the main trunk of the palm tree H Height from the upper surface of the passage _B to the highest point of the main branch of the palm tree H _B 'Highest point of the auxiliary branch of the palm tree from the upper surface of the passage up to a height W _a main branch spread width W _a 'spread width W _B ridge width h ₁ ridge height h ₂ eggplant seedlings in the lateral direction in the lateral direction of the branch auxiliary in the lateral direction (tree) The height of the main trunk h ₃ Height of the seedling pot

Claims (10)

A planting process in which a plurality of palm seedlings are planted at a predetermined interval in the front-rear direction to form a palm tree;
Lord attract a direction toward the main stem in the horizontal direction or obliquely upward at the height H _A from the upper surface of the passage on the left and right of the tree row to the top of each eggplant tree main trunk becomes 50~100cm with a branch, the height _{H B} from an upper surface of the passage to the highest point of the main branch is in the range of 70～140Cm, and spread width _{W a} of the left and right direction of the main branch and scope of 50~140cm A tailoring process for branching so that
A method of cultivating eggplant characterized by harvesting the eggplant after passing through. A wrinkle forming process for forming wrinkles,
The method of coconut cultivation according to claim 1, wherein in the planting step, a plurality of coconut seedlings are planted at predetermined intervals in the front-rear direction with respect to the upper surface of the cocoon. The palm seedlings to be planted in the planting process are grown in a bottomless seedling pot,
3. The planting plant is planted in a fixed planting process by exposing a plant root of the palm seedling from the bottom of the planting pot and placing the planting pot so that the root contacts the soil. Coconut cultivation method.   The method of coconut cultivation according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the palm seedling to be planted in the planting process is a grafted seedling in which a rootstock is in contact with a rootstock, and the rootstock is cut out directly above the main leaf as a rootstock. . In the tailoring process, the main trunk that extends above the main trunk of each palm tree is drawn in the horizontal or diagonally upward direction to become the first main branch, and comes out directly under the flower. The eggplant cultivation method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the bud is attracted as a second main branch. In the tailoring process, the main trunk extending upward from the second and subsequent flowers on the main trunk of each palm tree is attracted in the horizontal direction or in a diagonally upward direction to become the first main branch, and immediately below the flower The cocoon cultivation method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the buds that come out of the plant are attracted as second main branches. In the tailoring process, the height H from the upper surface of the passage to the highest point of the auxiliary branch is attracted as an auxiliary branch from the lower main branch of the main trunk of each palm tree. _B 'is in the range of 70～140Cm, and the spread width _{W a} of the auxiliary branch of the left-right direction' eggplant cultivation method according to claim 5 or 6, wherein performs Seieda to be in the range of 50～140Cm.   The method for cultivating coconut palm according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein in the tailoring step, the main branch is attracted to the left and right sides from the upper end of the main trunk of each coconut tree.   The palm cultivation method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein in the tailoring step, the main branch is attracted only from the upper end of the main trunk of each palm tree to the left and right sides.   Eggplant cultivated by the method of coconut cultivation according to claim 1.

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