RU149913U1 - TWO-PLANE TREES FOR MANAGING Grapes - Google Patents

Abstract

A two-plane trellis for maintaining grape bushes, including a trellis support, consisting of a vertical part and two inclined planes with several tiers of wire on inclined planes, characterized in that 4 tiers of wire are stretched on inclined planes, the first tier being located at a height of 110-130 cm, and the fourth - at a height of 230-240 cm from the soil surface, at the level of the fourth tier, the inclined planes are connected by a horizontal bar from the inside to each other, and from the outside - to the inclined plane o Orae adjacent row, the inner and outer rails of horizontal tensioned wire 2 rows 50 cm apart.

Description

The utility model relates to viticulture and is intended to support vineyards and vines cultivated under industrial conditions.

A two-plane trellis for maintaining grape bushes is known, consisting of two inclined planes 250 cm high, close at the base and diverging upward, in the lower part the distance between them is 60 cm, and in the upper part up to 150 cm. The wire is stretched in 6 tiers, the first tier - at a height of 50 cm from the soil surface, the second after 30 cm, and each next after 40 cm (Stepan Shevchenko. Supports in the vineyard: an economical option // Earth is my nurse. - 2010. - No. 19 (541). - S. 8-9).

Common signs of the known and claimed trellis: two inclined planes with several tiers of wire.

The low location of the first tier of wire on the trellis entails the following disadvantages:

due to the close proximity of the clusters to the soil, the probability of berry damage by fungal diseases increases;

when covering bushes for the winter period, short sleeves do not bend well to the ground and often break;

since the ripened clusters and perennial parts of the bush are located low from the soil surface, harvesting and pruning are carried out in a bent working position that is inconvenient for humans, which leads to high labor costs.

Closest to the claimed is a two-plane trellis for maintaining grape bushes (according to F.M. Pronin), including a trellis support, consisting of a vertical part and two inclined planes, with three tiers of wire on inclined planes, while the first tier is located at a height of 70 cm from the soil surface, and the second and third - after 40 cm from the previous tier (Encyclopedia of Viticulture. - Chisinau: Ch. ed. Mold. Sov. Encyclopedia, 1987. - T. 3, S. 435).

Common signs of the known and claimed trellis: trellis support, consisting of a vertical part and two inclined planes, with several tiers of wire on inclined planes.

Due to the limited space of the trellis, part of the growth of the grape bush hangs, as a result of which pollination worsens during flowering, shoots ripen worse, the crown of the bush is poorly ventilated, which generally negatively affects the productivity of the vineyard. In addition, labor costs for caring for the crown of the bush and during harvesting are increasing.

The utility model is based on the task of improving the design of a two-plane trellis for maintaining grape bushes, in which the bush is given a natural spatial shape at a high distance from the soil surface, where all the vines (shoots) are evenly distributed over the entire trellis space and which can be used to implement the technology of covering viticulture . The proposed constructive use of trellis will reduce material and labor costs for maintaining grape bushes and vines on these trellises, as well as create optimal conditions for their growth, which will increase their load, thereby ensuring higher productivity of the vineyard.

The problem is solved in that on a two-plane trellis for maintaining grape bushes, including a trellis support, consisting of a vertical part and two inclined planes with several tiers of wire on inclined planes, according to a utility model, 4 tiers of wire are stretched on inclined planes, the first tier being located at a height of 110-130 cm, and the fourth - at a height of 230-240 cm from the soil surface, at the level of the fourth tier, inclined planes are connected by a horizontal bar on the inside, and on the outside with torons - with an inclined plane

the supports of the adjacent row, while on the inner and outer horizontal slats 2 rows of wire are stretched at a distance of 50 cm from each other.

The essence of the utility model of a two-plane trellis for maintaining grape bushes is illustrated by the drawing.

The drawing shows two two-plane trellis (front view).

A two-plane trellis for maintaining grape bushes contains a trellis support, which consists of a vertical part 1 and two inclined planes 2 with tiers of wire 3, inner 4 and 5 outer horizontal strips with rows of wire 6.

When the fruiting part of the bush is placed at a height of 110-130 cm from the soil surface, crown aeration improves, which leads to better pollination during flowering and reduction of crop damage by fungal diseases, in addition, the volume of perennial wood increases, which leads to an improvement in the quality of grapes. Sleeves elongated at an angle can be bent easily and without damage to the soil while covering the bushes from frost. Caring for the crown of the bush at a specified height requires less expenses for growing crops, which reduces the cost of production. Placing horizontal strips 4, 5 with rows of wire 6 at a distance of 50 cm from each other at a height of 230-240 cm from the soil surface allows the shoots to be located in the horizontal plane, fixing on wire 6 without drooping, while the shoots are not damaged when agricultural machinery travels along row-spacing, and the bush, using a horizontal plane, develops the maximum area of the photosynthetic surface, which, in turn, improves the insolation regime and thereby improves the quality and yield of grapes.

The proposed design of a two-plane trellis allows to reduce material and labor costs for maintaining grape bushes due to:

facilitating the pruning of bushes and harvesting, as these types of work are carried out in the most convenient position for the worker;

rational use of trellis space.

In addition, optimal conditions are created for the growth of the vine bush due to:

removing the barren part of the shoots from the cluster zone;

better ventilation and lighting of bushes, in particular clusters;

better pollination during flowering, as a result of which the clusters are more full-bodied, the berries ripen well and the clusters acquire a presentation;

eliminate the risk of fungal diseases, as clusters are located high from the surface of the earth;

the ability to easily and without damage cover elongated sleeves for the winter.

Claims (1)

A two-plane trellis for maintaining grape bushes, including a trellis support, consisting of a vertical part and two inclined planes with several tiers of wire on inclined planes, characterized in that 4 tiers of wire are stretched on inclined planes, the first tier being located at a height of 110-130 cm, and the fourth - at a height of 230-240 cm from the soil surface, at the level of the fourth tier, the inclined planes are connected by a horizontal bar from the inside to each other, and from the outside - to the inclined plane o Orae adjacent row, the inner and outer rails of horizontal tensioned wire 2 rows 50 cm apart.

Images