CN105330438A - Pesticide and fertilizer combination special for late winter and early spring facility cultivation for early-maturing eggplants and application method - Google Patents
Pesticide and fertilizer combination special for late winter and early spring facility cultivation for early-maturing eggplants and application method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pesticide and fertilizer combination special for late winter and early spring facility cultivation for early-maturing eggplants and an application method, and belongs to the technical field of agriculture. The pesticide and fertilizer combination special for late winter and early spring facility cultivation for the early-maturing eggplants is prepared from 2182-5353 parts of base pesticide fertilizer, 350-1600 parts of field planting agent, 61-129 parts of seedling strengthening pesticide fertilizer, 3-5 parts of flower dipping agent and 265-516 parts of fruit strengthening pesticide fertilizer. The pesticide and fertilizer combination for the eggplants can provide needed nutrition scientifically and reasonably according to the growth law of the eggplants, and inhibit occurrence and spread of disease before eggplant plants are attacked or during the early stage when the plants are attacked, loss caused by the disease is reduced, and the pesticide fertilizer needed during the whole growth reason of the eggplants can be met. The selected agents are chemical or biological reagents low in toxicity or free of toxicity and residual, which is beneficial for protecting environment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of precocious eggplant severe winter-the fertile and application process of the special set meal medicine of facility cultivation in early spring, belong to field of agricultural production technologies.
Background technology
Eggplant (SolanummelongenaL.) originates from India in South East Asia, Burma and contiguous torrid areas, anciently claims to fall Soviet Union, the Kunlun melon etc.Eggplant happiness is warm, heat-resisting, is rich in the multiple nutritional components of needed by human body, unique flavor, strong adaptability.China is eggplant producing country the biggest in the world, has plantation in China, is the vegetables kind of China's summer and autumn.
The edge of a field purchasing price of eggplant presents certain fluctuation, and early spring, the facility eggplant output value was apparently higher than the open country eggplant output value.In general, eggplant listing early stage, i.e. in the time in the early spring such as the Spring Festival, Lantern Festival, price is 5 ~ 9 yuan/kg, and price declines subsequently fast, and in year 6, July, when eggplant goes on the market in a large number, price drops to 1 ~ 2 yuan/kg, and tends towards stability.In order to obtain higher economic benefit, peasant tends to select facility cultivation in early spring usually, and field planting in September in the first year, facility is passed the winter, and December in next year gathers, and catches up with and goes on the market at Spring Festival.But the production of winter facility vegetables carries out under low temperature and less sunshine, canopy humidity is large, canopy internal-external temperature difference is large and restriction is ventilated condition.The requirement of this condition to fertilising and cultivation and administrative skill is very high, should ensure high and stable yields, preferably also will guarantee to go on the market in advance.Once fertilizer and control measures improper use, very easily affect crop growing state, cause generation and the propagation of crop pest, cause crop failure, the final institute benefit that obtains is not directly proportional to input.The set meal medicine still lacked at present for precocious Eggplant Varieties facility cultivation is special is fertile.
Chinese patent CN103641545A discloses a kind of Fertilizer special for eggplant, comprises potassium sulfate, urea, general calcium, ammonium chloride, borax, ammonium molybdate, specialist additive; Wherein, the content of potassium sulfate is 25% ~ 35% (weight), and the content of urea is 10% ~ 20% (weight), and the content of borax is 5% ~ 9% (weight).This Fertilizer special for eggplant reasonably reduces amount of application of nitrogen fertilizer on the one hand and increases Potassium Fertilizer, not only promote to reduce production cost and reduce fertilizer waste, maintain the normal equilibrium of nitrogen in the ecosystem, and contribute to reducing the nitrates accumulation in vegetables, improve quality of vegetable and improve vegetable crop; On the other hand, this fertilizer and fertilizer mix to be executed, and can promote the vegetable increase production such as eggplant, tomato, capsicum, increases matter and go on the market in advance.But this Fertilizer special for eggplant also has certain shortcoming, such as in trace element, proportioning contains boron, molybdenum, and other trace elements such as iron content, zinc, manganese, copper, do not lack the moderate-elements such as calcium, magnesium, silicon yet.
Chinese patent CN104692887A discloses a kind of eggplant special-purpose irrigation fertilizer, by 25 ~ 35 parts of ammonium phosphate, and 10 ~ 20 parts of calcium superphosphate, 15 ~ 25 parts of urea, 7 ~ 9 parts of potassium sulfate, 9 ~ 11 parts of organic matters, 1 ~ 3 part of medium trace element, 0.1 ~ 0.3 part of successive planting resistant agent composition.This eggplant special-purpose irrigation fertilizer formula contains macroelement, medium trace element and organic matter, comprehensive nutrition; Wherein, organic matter material composition is various, and wide material sources are nutritious.In actual applications, this eggplant special-purpose irrigation fertilizer has the benefit that increases both production and value significantly.But potassium element is on the low side in this eggplant set meal fertilizer formula, and nitrogen, phosphoric are too high, fertilizer ratio and eggplant is caused to grow the goodness of fit of nutrient requirement characteristics on the low side.
Generally speaking, the proportioning of the Fertilizer special for eggplant involved by above-mentioned patent is constant, only can meet the growth rhythm of a certain specified phase of eggplant, and vegetables are all not identical with ratio to the kind of fertilizer demand in the different steps in vegetative period, so eggplant whole breeding time can not be met to the balance supply of nutrient; In addition, only there is single fertilizer function, not there is desinsection, suppress the function of germ, prevention and elimination of disease and pests.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides the special set meal medicine fertilizer of a kind of precocious eggplant facility cultivation and application process, meet eggplant whole breeding time to the demand of nutrient, and there is controlling disease, promote effect of quality, eggplant can be promoted early to send out ripe soon, while stable yields volume increase, go on the market in advance.
Term illustrates:
Well-rotted farmyard manure: with plant and animal residues (as feces of livestock and poultry, agricultural crop straw etc.) for raw material, through harmless treatment, the organic materials become thoroughly decomposed of banking up, containing a large amount of organic, farm manure after banking up and becoming thoroughly decomposed pathogenic bacterium content wherein greatly reduce.
Compost tea: with a certain proportion of agricultural wastes (feces of livestock and poultry, crop material, weeds etc.) be raw material, after harmless treatment, banking up and become thoroughly decomposed, add the microbial nutrition material of specific proportioning, with water or sulfuric acid, the vat liquor obtained after filtering, is rich in a large amount of organic and profitable strain.
Microbial-bacterial fertilizer: refer to microorganisms with specific functions and mainly have the fertilizer of microbial fertilizer and fertilizer effect with plant and animal residues (as feces of livestock and poultry, agricultural crop straw etc.) concurrently through the class that harmless treatment, the organic materials that becomes thoroughly decomposed are composited for raw material.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
The special set meal medicine of a kind of precocious eggplant facility cultivation is fertile, and in mass parts, comprising: basic medicine fertilizer 2182 ~ 5353 parts, field planting medicament 350 ~ 1600 parts, strong sprout, medicine fertilizer 61 ~ 129 parts, dipped in flower pesticide agent 3 ~ 5 parts, strong fruit medicine fertilizer 265 ~ 516 parts.
Described basic medicine fertilizer comprises: well-rotted farmyard manure 2000 ~ 5000 mass parts, soil conditioner 50 ~ 100 mass parts, balanced type Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 50 ~ 100 mass parts, microbial-bacterial fertilizer 50 ~ 100 mass parts, 50% carbendazol wettable powder 800 times liquid 2 ~ 2.5 mass parts, 95% dislikes mould medicine liquid 3000 times of liquid 30 ~ 50 mass parts;
The present invention is preferred, and in described basic medicine fertilizer, described soil conditioner is silico-calcium potassium magnesium soil conditioner, wherein, calcium oxide content is 31% ~ 35%, and content of magnesia is 6% ~ 10%, silica content is 25% ~ 30%, and phosphorus pentoxide content is 5% ~ 8%; Described balanced type Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium is balanced type nitro-compound fertilizer, and N-P-K content is with N, P
2o
5, K
2o counts the nitro-compound fertilizer that mass percent is respectively 17%, 17% and 17%; Described microbial-bacterial fertilizer main component is chicken manure, subtilis, bacillusmusilaginosiengineering, Bacillus licheniformis, wherein, You effect Jun Shuo≤200,000,000/g alive, Dan Lin Jia≤8%, You Ji Zhi≤40%, An Ji Suan≤8%, xanthohumic acid Jia≤10%, Huo Gai≤10%, Fu Zhi Suan≤10%, Zhong Wei measures Yuan Su≤10%, and pH value is 5.0 ~ 8.0.The balanced type nitro-compound fertilizer of the following stated of the present invention is all with identical herein.
Preferred further, described basic medicine fertilizer comprises: use well-rotted farmyard manure 3500 mass parts, silico-calcium potassium magnesium soil conditioner 100 mass parts, balanced type nitro-compound fertilizer 50 mass parts, microbial-bacterial fertilizer 50 mass parts, 50% carbendazol wettable powder 800 times liquid 2 mass parts; 95% dislikes mould medicine liquid 3000 times of liquid 50 mass parts;
Described field planting medicament comprises: 95% dislikes mould clever wettable powder 300 times of liquid 50 ~ 100 mass parts, the withered Garrick of green grass or young crops of volume ratio 9:1 and Oleum Bulbus Allii 500 ~ 600 times of liquid 300 ~ 1500 mass parts;
The present invention is preferred, and described field planting medicament comprises: 95% dislikes mould clever wettable powder 300 times of liquid 50 mass parts, the withered Garrick of green grass or young crops of volume ratio 9:1 and Oleum Bulbus Allii 500 ~ 600 times of liquid 800 mass parts.
Described strong sprout, medicine fertilizer comprised: balanced type nitro-compound fertilizer 20 ~ 45 mass parts, moderate-element Liquid Fertilizer 6 ~ 9 mass parts, compost tea 20 ~ 45 mass parts, Ao Like-mould only 300 times of liquid 15 ~ 30 mass parts;
The present invention is preferred, in described strong sprout medicine fertilizer, the nutrient content mass percent of described moderate-element Liquid Fertilizer is: calcium oxide 8.2% ~ 15%, magnesium oxide 1.8% ~ 3%, nitrogen 16% ~ 18%, potassium oxide 0% ~ 1%, trace element (iron, manganese, copper, zinc, boron) 0.2% ~ 3%; The water ratio of described compost tea is 83%.
Further preferred, described strong sprout, medicine fertilizer comprised: nitro-compound fertilizer 30 mass parts, moderate-element Liquid Fertilizer 9 mass parts, loose stool water 30 mass parts of becoming thoroughly decomposed, Ao Like-mould only 300 times of liquid 20 mass parts.
Describedly dip in flower pesticide agent and comprise: containing 25 ~ 30mg/kg drop-proof agent and 0.1% (w/w) 50% iprodione wettable powder dip in flower pesticide liquid 3 ~ 5 mass parts, 2.5% fludioxonil suspension agent 0.01 ~ 0.02 mass parts.
The present invention is preferred, described in dip in flower pesticide agent and comprise: 50% iprodione wettable powder of the drop-proof agent containing 25 ~ 30mg/kg and 0.1% (w/w) dip in flower pesticide liquid totally 3 mass parts, 2.5% fludioxonil suspension agent 0.02 mass parts.
Described strong fruit medicine fertilizer comprises: high potassium type nitro-compound fertilizer 105 ~ 210 mass parts, moderate-element Liquid Fertilizer 34 ~ 50 mass parts, microelement foliage fertilizer 0.4 ~ 0.6 mass parts, compost tea 105 ~ 210 mass parts, Garrick difficult to understand-mould only 300 times of liquid 15 ~ 30 mass parts, copper rosinate missible oil 500 times of liquid 6 ~ 15 mass parts of 12%;
The present invention is preferred, and described high potassium type nitro-compound fertilizer is that N-P-K content is with N, P
2o
5, K
2o counts the nitro-compound fertilizer that mass percent is respectively 15%, 5% and 25%; The nutrient content mass percent of described moderate-element Liquid Fertilizer is: calcium oxide 8.2% ~ 15%, magnesium oxide 1.8% ~ 3%, nitrogen 16% ~ 18%, potassium oxide 0% ~ 1%, trace element (iron, manganese, copper, zinc, boron) 0.2% ~ 3%; The nutrient content per-cent of described microelement foliage fertilizer is: iron 0.9% ~ 1.2%, manganese 0.9% ~ 1.2%, copper 0.2% ~ 0.4%, zinc 0.6% ~ 1%, and boron 0.9% ~ 1.5% forms, and wherein, iron, manganese, copper, zinc element are EDTA Chelating state; Described compost tea water ratio is 83%.
Preferred further, described strong fruit medicine fertilizer comprises: high potassium type nitro-compound fertilizer 150 mass parts, moderate-element Liquid Fertilizer 40 mass parts, microelement foliage fertilizer 0.5 mass parts, compost tea 150 mass parts, Garrick difficult to understand-mould only 300 times of liquid 20 mass parts, copper rosinate missible oil 500 times of liquid 10 mass parts of 12%;
Fertilizer used in the present invention and agricultural chemicals are conventional commercial product.Wherein, 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 95% is disliked the medicaments such as mould spirit, the iprodione wettable powder of 50%, the copper rosinate missible oil of 12% and is commercially available prod formulation, i.e. name of product.
Present invention also offers the application process of a kind of precocious eggplant facility cultivation special set meal medicine fertilizer, comprise the steps:
(1) application process of basic medicine fertilizer:
Before field planting 3 ~ 15 days, in conjunction with whole, by well-rotted farmyard manure 2000 ~ 5000kg/ mu and microbial-bacterial fertilizer 50 ~ 100kg/ mu trench digging deep placement, by described soil conditioner and each 50 ~ 100kg/ mu of balanced type Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium, mix in field, spread fertilizer over the fields in soil surface, turn over and bury; Disliking mould medicine liquid with 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 800 times of liquid and 3000 times 95% and spray ground, harrowing into 15 centimetres of depths, for preventing and treating verticillium and Phomopisis vexans.
Eggplant verticillium wilt has another name called " half of crazy ", is the Major Diseases of eggplant, and germ can survive 6-8 in soil, susceptible disease when temperature water temperature that is low, that water is low.Eggplant Phomopisis vexans is the exclusive disease of eggplant, and temperature is suitable for, susceptible disease under the condition of high humidity, and once morbidity, is in a bad way, causes the remarkable underproduction of eggplant.Therefore before plantation, the pathogenic bacteria in soil to be killed, the generation of pre-disease prevention.
50% carbendazol wettable powder and the mould spirit of evil all belong to the interior absorption broad-spectrum germicide of high-efficiency low-toxicity, use, have preventive and therapeutic effect in various crop by fungus-caused disease as soil disinfectant.
(2) application process of field planting medicament:
During field planting, dislike mould clever wettable powder 300 times of immersion roots 10 ~ 15 minutes with 95%, band medicine is transplanted, for preventing and treating root rot; After seedling is delayed in field planting, with the withered Garrick of the green grass or young crops of volume ratio 9:1 and Oleum Bulbus Allii 500-600 times liquid irrigating root, every strain 0.2 ~ 0.25kg, 3 ~ 7 days 1 time, totally 1 ~ 2 time; Preferably 5 days 1 time, fill with root 2 times altogether, for the control of blight.
Root rot is the important soil-borne disease of one of eggplant, and cause the dead seedling of big area, sickness rate reaches 40%, and indivedual plot is even up to 90%, and ground temperature 10 ~ 20 DEG C of susceptible diseases, generally start disease after eggplant field planting.The measure taking medicament to fill with root after soaking root or field planting when eggplant field planting in time effectively can prevent and treat this disease and occur.
Wilt of eggplant is also one of Major Diseases of eggplant, the environment susceptible disease of warm moist, and disease feels breeding time for blooming the phase of bearing fruit.Oleum Bulbus Allii is the active sulfide essential oil extracted from garlic, it is important bacteriocidal substance, blue or green withered Garrick take herbal medicine as raw material, and through extraction, the composite and plant-sourced Chinese herbal medicinal bactericide that obtains, these two kinds of medicaments all have broad-spectrum sterilization, feature without poisoning, noresidue.Use Oleum Bulbus Allii and the withered Garrick of green grass or young crops to fill with root after eggplant field planting, effectively can prevent and treat blight.
(3) strong sprout medicine fertilizer application process:
After seedling is delayed in field planting, topdress 1 time, within 10 ~ 15 days afterwards, topdress 1 time, topdress altogether 2 ~ 3 times; Every mu of ground consumption that topdresses is balanced type Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 10 ~ 15kg at every turn, moderate-element Liquid Fertilizer 3kg, compost tea 10 ~ 15kg; Use Ao Like 50 ~ 100g seedling stage, be watered 15 ~ 30 kilograms and spray, every 7 ~ 10 days 1 time, connect spray 1 ~ 2 time, to prevent and treat gray mold.
Gray mold is the important disease of eggplant, and illumination is not enough, temperature is on the low side (16 ~ 20 DEG C), when humidity is larger, susceptible disease, this sick popular time the general underproduction 20% ~ 30%, severe one can reach 50%.
Austria makes every effort to overcome (only mould) is plant-sourced Chinese herbal medicinal bactericide, can strengthen crop immunizing power, improves resistance against diseases, has good preventive and therapeutic effect to grey mould of egg plant.
(4) application process of flower pesticide agent is dipped in:
Band medicine dips in flower, and what namely first prepare 50% iprodione wettable powder of the drop-proof agent and 0.1% (w/w) containing 25 ~ 30mg/kg dips in flower pesticide liquid 3 ~ 5kg, then adds 2.5% fludioxonil suspension agent 10 ~ 20g and carries out dipping in flower and smearing.
The present invention is preferred, described in dip in flower and dip in small brushes and dip in flower pesticide agent, smear anthocaulus, the corolla after process will be removed gently after Fruit.
Contaminate petal because grey mould of egg plant pathogenic bacteria is many at Post flowering, then contaminate fruit, also can be entered by base of fruit portion, therefore the florescence is the important Control stage of this disease.Dip in flower pesticide agent in set meal medicine fertilizer provided by the invention, except containing except hormone, also added the medicament preventing and treating gray mold, while dipping in flower and fruit, also can prevent and treat the generation of gray mold, saving of work and time is efficient.
Although eggplant accounts for about 15% of total nutrient demand at the nutrient needed for the phase of bearing fruit of blooming; but now should not apply fertilizer more; to prevent fruit drop, early stage, the fertilizer used can ensure the nutrient demand in this period, therefore this in period cultivation work emphasis be flower and fruit protecting.
(5) application process of strong fruit medicine fertilizer:
Topdress 1 time after door eggplant bears fruit, within 10 ~ 15 days afterwards, topdress 1 time, topdress altogether 3 ~ 5 times; Every mu of ground consumption that topdresses is high potassium type nitro-compound fertilizer 10 ~ 15kg at every turn, moderate-element Liquid Fertilizer 3kg, microelement foliage fertilizer 50g, compost tea 10 ~ 15kg;
The four door socket eggplant phases of bearing fruit entered the Sheng phase of gathering, and topdressed once every 7 ~ 10 days, topdressed altogether 5 ~ 7 times; Every mu of ground consumption that topdresses is high potassium type Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 15 ~ 20kg at every turn, moderate-element Liquid Fertilizer 5kg, microelement foliage fertilizer 50g, compost tea 15 ~ 20kg;
Bear fruit the phase door eggplant, every mu of ground uses Ao Like 50g at every turn, is watered 15 kilograms, within every 7 ~ 10 days, sprays 1 time, connects spray 1 ~ 2 time, continues to strengthen the control to gray mold;
Door is after eggplant bears fruit, and every mu of ground sprays 12% copper rosinate missible oil, 500 times of liquid 3 ~ 5kg at every turn, every spray in 10 days 1 time, connects spray 2 ~ 3 times, in Phomopisis vexans period occurred frequently, suppresses the dip-dye of pathogenic bacteria in time.
Copper rosinate missible oil is the copper agent sterilization pesticide of high-efficiency low-toxicity wide spectrum, and the multiple diseases caused fungus and bacterium has the dual function of prevention and therapy, significantly can also promote vegetable growth.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1. precocious eggplant of the present invention severe winter-early spring facility cultivation set meal medicine fertile, can provide scientifically and rationally outside desired nutritional according to the growth rhythm of eggplant, can also in the generation of the early stage suppression disease of eggplant plant premorbid or morbidity and propagation, reducing the loss that disease causes, is the medicine fertilizer that can meet required for the whole Growing season of eggplant.
2. the medicament selected by eggplant set meal medicine fertilizer of the present invention all belongs to chemistry or the biological reagent of low toxicity or nontoxic, noresidue, being reduced to minimum on the impact of environment, has positive social benefit and environmental benefit.
3. precocious eggplant of the present invention severe winter-the fertile and application process of facility cultivation set meal medicine in early spring can promote that eggplant grows, while stable volume increase, eggplant can be concentrated the listing phase shift to an earlier date about 10 ~ 15 days, drastically increase planting benefit.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, set forth the present invention further.Should be understood that these embodiments are only not used in for illustration of the present invention to limit the scope of the invention.
Except special instruction, the medicine in embodiment, fertilizer are commercial products.
The fertilizer used in embodiment is as follows:
Described soil conditioner is silico-calcium potassium magnesium soil conditioner, and wherein, calcium oxide content is 31% ~ 35%, and content of magnesia is 6% ~ 10%, and silica content is 25% ~ 30%, and phosphorus pentoxide content is 5% ~ 8%;
Described balanced type nitro-compound fertilizer is that N-P-K content is with N, P
2o
5, K
2o counts the nitro-compound fertilizer that mass percent is respectively 17%, 17% and 17%; Described microbial-bacterial fertilizer main component is chicken manure, subtilis, bacillusmusilaginosiengineering, Bacillus licheniformis, wherein, You effect Jun Shuo≤200,000,000/g alive, Dan Lin Jia≤8%, You Ji Zhi≤40%, An Ji Suan≤8%, xanthohumic acid Jia≤10%, Huo Gai≤10%, Fu Zhi Suan≤10%, Zhong Wei measures Yuan Su≤10%, and pH value is 5.0 ~ 8.0;
Described high potassium type nitro-compound fertilizer is that N-P-K content is with N, P
2o
5, K
2o counts the nitro-compound fertilizer that mass percent is respectively 15%, 5% and 25%;
The nutrient content mass percent of described moderate-element Liquid Fertilizer is: calcium oxide 8.2% ~ 15%, magnesium oxide 1.8% ~ 3%, nitrogen 16% ~ 18%, potassium oxide 0% ~ 1%, trace element (iron, manganese, copper, zinc, boron) 0.2% ~ 3%;
The nutrient content per-cent of described microelement foliage fertilizer is: iron 0.9% ~ 1.2%, manganese 0.9% ~ 1.2%, copper 0.2% ~ 0.4%, zinc 0.6% ~ 1%, and boron 0.9% ~ 1.5% forms, and wherein, iron, manganese, copper, zinc element are EDTA Chelating state;
Described compost tea water ratio is 83%.
Embodiment 1:
Precocious eggplant provided by the invention severe winter-facility cultivation in early spring special set meal medicine fertilizer comprises: basic medicine fertile 3752kg, field planting medicament 850kg, the fertile 99kg of medicine in strong sprout, dips in flower pesticide agent 3kg, the fertile 454kg of strong fruit medicine.
Wherein:
Fertile every mu of basis medicine throws in well-rotted farmyard manure 3500kg, balanced type nitro-compound fertilizer 50kg, silicon-calcium-magnesium phosphorus soil conditioner 100kg, microbial-bacterial fertilizer 50kg, 50% carbendazol wettable powder 800 times liquid 2kg and the 3000 times of mould medicine liquid 50kg of 95% evil.
Field planting medicament mu consumption comprises: 95% dislikes mould clever wettable powder 300 times of liquid 50kg, the withered Garrick of green grass or young crops of 9:1 and Oleum Bulbus Allii 500 times of liquid 800kg.
The fertile mu consumption of medicine in strong sprout comprises: balanced type nitro-compound fertilizer 30kg, moderate-element Liquid Fertilizer 9kg, compost tea 30kg, Ao Like-mould only 300 times of liquid 15kg.
Dip in flower pesticide agent mu consumption to comprise: the iprodione wettable powder containing 25 ~ 30mg/kg drop-proof agent and 0.1% (w/w) 50% dip in flower pesticide liquid 3kg, 2.5% fludioxonil suspension agent 0.01kg.
The fertile mu consumption of strong fruit medicine comprises: high potassium type nitro-compound fertilizer 185kg, moderate-element Liquid Fertilizer 44kg, microelement foliage fertilizer 0.5kg, compost tea 185kg, Ao Like-mould only 300 times of liquid 30kg, copper rosinate missible oil 500 times of liquid 9kg of 12%.
Application process:
Using of A basis medicine fertilizer:
Carry out in conjunction with whole.Well-rotted farmyard manure and microbial-bacterial fertilizer trench digging deep placement, turn over after chemical fertilizer broadcast application and bury.Dislike mould medicine liquid with 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 800 times of liquid and 3000 times 95% and spray ground, harrow into 15 centimetres of depths, carry out soil sterilization process, for preventing and treating verticillium and Phomopisis vexans.
Using of B field planting medicament:
During field planting, dislike mould clever wettable powder 300 times of immersion roots 10 ~ 15 minutes with 95%, band medicine is transplanted, for preventing and treating root rot; After seedling is delayed in field planting, with the withered Garrick of green grass or young crops and Oleum Bulbus Allii 500-600 times liquid irrigating root, every strain 0.2kg, 5 days 1 time, continuous irrigation root 2 times, for the control of blight.
Using of C medicine in strong sprout fertilizer:
After seedling is delayed in field planting, topdress 1 time, within 12 days afterwards, topdress 1 time, topdress altogether 3 times.Every mu of ground consumption that topdresses is balanced type nitro-compound fertilizer 10kg at every turn, moderate-element Liquid Fertilizer 3kg, compost tea 10kg; Use Ao Like-mould only 50g seedling stage, be watered 15 kilograms and spray, every 7 days 1 time, connect spray 2 times, to prevent and treat gray mold.
D dips in the application process of flower pesticide agent:
Band medicine dips in flower, namely first configure containing 25 ~ 30mg/kg drop-proof agent and 0.1%50% iprodione wettable powder dip in flower pesticide liquid 3kg, then add 2.5% fludioxonil suspension agent 10mkg, small brushes dips in flower pesticide agent, smear anthocaulus, the corolla after process will be removed gently after Fruit.
E strengthens the application process of fruit medicine fertilizer:
Topdress 1 time when door eggplant stares, 12d topdresses 1 time afterwards, totally 3 times.Every mu of ground consumption that topdresses is high potassium type nitro-compound fertilizer 15kg at every turn, moderate-element Liquid Fertilizer 3kg, microelement foliage fertilizer 50mkg, compost tea 15kg.
The four door socket eggplant phases of bearing fruit entered the Sheng phase of gathering, and topdressed once every 7 ~ 10d, totally 7 times.Every mu of ground consumption that topdresses is high potassium type nitro-compound fertilizer 20kg at every turn, moderate-element Liquid Fertilizer 5kg, microelement foliage fertilizer 50mkg, compost tea 20kg.
Bear fruit the phase door eggplant, every mu of ground uses Ao Like-mould only 50mkg at every turn, is watered 15 kilograms, within every 7 days, sprays 1 time, connect spray 2 times, prevent and treat gray mold.
After door eggplant bears fruit, every mu of ground sprays 12% copper rosinate missible oil, 500 times of liquid 3kg at every turn, every spray in 10 days 1 time, connects spray 3 times, control Phomopisis vexans.
Embodiment 2:
Precocious eggplant provided by the invention severe winter-facility cultivation in early spring special set meal medicine fertilizer comprises: basic medicine fertile 2683kg, field planting medicament 560kg, the fertile 69kg of medicine in strong sprout, dips in flower pesticide agent 4kg, the fertile 376kg of strong fruit medicine.
Wherein:
Fertile every mu of basis medicine throws in well-rotted farmyard manure 2500kg, balanced type nitro-compound fertilizer 50kg, silicon-calcium-magnesium phosphorus soil conditioner 50kg, microbial-bacterial fertilizer 50kg, 50% carbendazol wettable powder 800 times liquid 2kg and the 3000 times of mould medicine liquid 30kg of 95% evil.
Field planting medicament mu consumption comprises: 95% dislikes mould clever wettable powder 300 times of liquid 60kg, the withered Garrick of green grass or young crops of 9:1 and Oleum Bulbus Allii 500 times of liquid 500kg.
The fertile mu consumption of medicine in strong sprout comprises: balanced type nitro-compound fertilizer 24kg, moderate-element Liquid Fertilizer 6kg, compost tea 24kg, Ao Like (mould only) 300 times of liquid 18kg.
Dip in flower pesticide agent mu consumption to comprise: the 50% iprodione wettable powder containing 25 ~ 30mg/kg drop-proof agent and 0.1% (w/w) dip in flower pesticide liquid 4kg, 2.5% fludioxonil suspension agent 0.01kg.
The fertile mu consumption of strong fruit medicine comprises: high potassium type nitro-compound fertilizer 156kg, moderate-element Liquid Fertilizer 40kg, microelement foliage fertilizer 0.5kg, compost tea 156kg, Ao Like-mould only 300 times of liquid 15kg, copper rosinate missible oil 500 times of liquid 8kg of 12%.
Application process:
Application process is with embodiment 1, and difference is:
In described field planting medicament, after seedling is delayed in field planting, with the withered Garrick of green grass or young crops and Oleum Bulbus Allii 500-600 times liquid irrigating root 1 time, every strain consumption 0.2kg;
Described strong sprout, medicine fertilizer topdressed 2 times altogether in seedling stage, and wherein, Ao Like-mould only 60g, is watered 18kg; Balanced type nitro-compound fertilizer and compost tea mu consumption are respectively 12kg and 12kg at every turn;
In described strong fruit medicine fertilizer, high potassium type nitro-compound fertilizer, moderate-element Liquid Fertilizer, microelement foliage fertilizer and compost tea to be stared and four door sockets to topdress 4 times and 6 times period door eggplant respectively; Wherein, stare and four door socket periods door eggplant, the consumption that topdresses of high potassium type nitro-compound fertilizer, moderate-element Liquid Fertilizer and compost tea is respectively every mu of 12kg, 4kg and 12kg and 18kg, 4kg and 18kg;
Described Ao Like-mould only sprays 1 time in the door eggplant phase of bearing fruit; Described 12% copper rosinate missible oil 500 times of liquid connect spray 2 times after door eggplant bears fruit, and every mu of consumption is 4kg at every turn.
Embodiment 3:
Precocious eggplant provided by the invention severe winter-facility cultivation in early spring special set meal medicine fertilizer comprises: basic medicine fertile 4343kg, field planting medicament 1080kg, the fertile 129kg of medicine in strong sprout, dips in flower pesticide agent 5kg, the fertile 521kg of strong fruit medicine.
Wherein:
Fertile every mu of basis medicine throws in well-rotted farmyard manure 4000kg, balanced type nitro-compound fertilizer 100kg, silicon-calcium-magnesium phosphorus soil conditioner 100kg, microbial-bacterial fertilizer 100kg, 50% carbendazol wettable powder 800 times liquid 2.5kg and the 3000 times of mould medicine liquid 50kg of 95% evil.
Field planting medicament mu consumption comprises: 95% dislikes mould clever wettable powder 300 times of liquid 80kg, the withered Garrick of green grass or young crops of 9:1 and Oleum Bulbus Allii 500 times of liquid 1000kg.
The fertile mu consumption of medicine in strong sprout comprises: balanced type nitro-compound fertilizer 45kg, moderate-element Liquid Fertilizer 9kg compost tea 45kg, Ao Like-mould only 300 times of liquid 30kg.
Dip in flower pesticide agent mu consumption to comprise: the iprodione wettable powder containing 25 ~ 30mg/kg drop-proof agent and 0.1% (w/w) 50% dip in flower pesticide liquid 5kg, 2.5% fludioxonil suspension agent 0.02kg.
The fertile mu consumption of strong fruit medicine comprises: high potassium type nitro-compound fertilizer 215kg, moderate-element Liquid Fertilizer 60kg, microelement foliage fertilizer 0.6kg, compost tea 215kg, Ao Like-mould only 300 times of liquid 30kg, copper rosinate missible oil 500 times of liquid 15kg of 12%.
Application process:
Application process is with embodiment 1, and difference is:
In described field planting pharmacy application, after seedling is delayed in field planting, blue or green withered Garrick and Oleum Bulbus Allii 500-600 times of liquid irrigating root consumption are every strain 0.2kg;
During described strong sprout, medicine fertilizer used, Ao Like-mould only 100g, is watered 30kg; Balanced type nitro-compound fertilizer and compost tea mu consumption are respectively 15kg and 15kg at every turn;
During described strong fruit medicine fertilizer is used, high potassium type nitro-compound fertilizer, moderate-element Liquid Fertilizer, microelement foliage fertilizer and compost tea are stared door eggplant and are topdressed period 5 times; Wherein, stare and four door socket periods door eggplant, the consumption that topdresses of high potassium type nitro-compound fertilizer, moderate-element Liquid Fertilizer and compost tea is respectively every mu of 15kg, 5kg and 15kg and 20kg, 5kg and 20kg;
Described 12% copper rosinate missible oil 500 times of liquid Application after door eggplant bears fruit is at every turn every mu of 5kg.
Comparative example:
The fertilizer of comparative example and application process thereof are peasant habit method, and namely in whole Di Qianmushi NPK composite fertilizer, (N-P-K content is with N, P
2o
5, K
2o counts, and mass content is 18%-18%-18%) 100kg, biological organic fertilizer 50kg, be to concentrate and use; Seedling stage, urea or two ammoniums were executed in punching, and mu amount of application is 15 ~ 25kg; Simple substance potash fertilizer is executed in fruiting period punching, and mu amount of application is 5 ~ 15kg.
Table 1: the result of use (every canopy is in 1.1 mu of ground) of precocious eggplant Winter-Spring-facility cultivation in early spring special set meal medicine fertilizer
In time uprooting plants after their edible portions have been harvested mid-May, adopt the special set meal medicine fertilizer of eggplant provided by the invention and application process thereof, mid-term of gathering comparatively does sth. in advance 10-15 days in comparative example canopy room, and every canopy comparatively comparative example on average increases production 28%, and income increases by 186%.
Above content is the further description done the present invention in conjunction with concrete optimal way, can not assert that specific embodiment of the invention is confined to these explanations.For the those of ordinary skill of technical field of the present invention; make some equivalent alternative or obvious modification without departing from the inventive concept of the premise; and performance or purposes identical, all should be considered as belonging to the scope of patent protection that claims that the present invention submits to are determined.
Claims (10)
1. the special set meal medicine of precocious eggplant facility cultivation is fertile, and it is characterized in that, in mass parts, comprising: basic medicine fertilizer 2182 ~ 5353 parts, field planting medicament 350 ~ 1600 parts, strong sprout, medicine fertilizer 61 ~ 129 parts, dipped in flower pesticide agent 3 ~ 5 parts, strong fruit medicine fertilizer 265 ~ 516 parts;
Described basic medicine fertilizer comprises: well-rotted farmyard manure 2000 ~ 5000 mass parts, soil conditioner 50 ~ 100 mass parts, balanced type Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 50 ~ 100 mass parts, microbial-bacterial fertilizer 50 ~ 100 mass parts, 50% carbendazol wettable powder 800 times liquid 2 ~ 2.5 mass parts, 95% dislikes mould medicine liquid 3000 times of liquid 30 ~ 50 mass parts;
Described field planting medicament comprises: 95% dislikes mould clever wettable powder 300 times of liquid 50 ~ 100 mass parts, the withered Garrick of green grass or young crops of volume ratio 9:1 and Oleum Bulbus Allii 500 ~ 600 times of liquid 300 ~ 1500 mass parts;
Described strong sprout, medicine fertilizer comprised: balanced type nitro-compound fertilizer 20 ~ 45 mass parts, moderate-element Liquid Fertilizer 6 ~ 9 mass parts, compost tea 20 ~ 45 mass parts, Ao Like-mould only 300 times of liquid 15 ~ 30 mass parts;
Describedly dip in flower pesticide agent and comprise: containing 25 ~ 30mg/kg drop-proof agent and 0.1% (w/w) 50% iprodione wettable powder dip in flower pesticide liquid 3 ~ 5 mass parts, 2.5% fludioxonil suspension agent 0.01 ~ 0.02 mass parts;
Described strong fruit medicine fertilizer comprises: high potassium type nitro-compound fertilizer 105 ~ 210 mass parts, moderate-element Liquid Fertilizer 34 ~ 50 mass parts, microelement foliage fertilizer 0.4 ~ 0.6 mass parts, compost tea 105 ~ 210 mass parts, Garrick difficult to understand-mould only 300 times of liquid 15 ~ 30 mass parts, copper rosinate missible oil 500 times of liquid 6 ~ 15 mass parts of 12%.
2. the special set meal medicine of precocious eggplant facility cultivation as claimed in claim 1 is fertile, it is characterized in that, in described basic medicine fertilizer, described soil conditioner is silico-calcium potassium magnesium soil conditioner, wherein, calcium oxide content is 31% ~ 35%, and content of magnesia is 6% ~ 10%, silica content is 25% ~ 30%, and phosphorus pentoxide content is 5% ~ 8%; Described balanced type Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium is balanced type nitro-compound fertilizer, and N-P-K content is with N, P
2o
5, K
2o counts the nitro-compound fertilizer that mass percent is respectively 17%, 17% and 17%; Described microbial-bacterial fertilizer main component is chicken manure, subtilis, bacillusmusilaginosiengineering, Bacillus licheniformis, wherein, You effect Jun Shuo≤200,000,000/g alive, Dan Lin Jia≤8%, You Ji Zhi≤40%, An Ji Suan≤8%, xanthohumic acid Jia≤10%, Huo Gai≤10%, Fu Zhi Suan≤10%, Zhong Wei measures Yuan Su≤10%, and pH value is 5.0 ~ 8.0.
3. the special set meal medicine of precocious eggplant facility cultivation as claimed in claim 1 is fertile, it is characterized in that, described basic medicine fertilizer comprises: use well-rotted farmyard manure 3500 mass parts, silico-calcium potassium magnesium soil conditioner 100 mass parts, balanced type nitro-compound fertilizer 50 mass parts, microbial-bacterial fertilizer 50 mass parts, 50% carbendazol wettable powder 800 times liquid 2 mass parts; 95% dislikes mould medicine liquid 3000 times of liquid 50 mass parts.
4. the special set meal medicine of precocious eggplant facility cultivation as claimed in claim 1 is fertile, it is characterized in that, described field planting medicament comprises: 95% dislikes mould clever wettable powder 300 times of liquid 50 mass parts, the withered Garrick of green grass or young crops of volume ratio 9:1 and Oleum Bulbus Allii 500 ~ 600 times of liquid 800 mass parts.
5. the special set meal medicine of precocious eggplant facility cultivation as claimed in claim 1 is fertile, it is characterized in that, in described strong sprout medicine fertilizer, the nutrient content mass percent of described moderate-element Liquid Fertilizer is: calcium oxide 8.2% ~ 15%, magnesium oxide 1.8% ~ 3%, nitrogen 16% ~ 18%, potassium oxide 0% ~ 1%, trace element (iron, manganese, copper, zinc, boron) 0.2% ~ 3%; The water ratio of described compost tea is 83%.
6. the special set meal medicine of precocious eggplant facility cultivation as claimed in claim 1 is fertile, it is characterized in that, describedly dip in flower pesticide agent and comprise: 50% iprodione wettable powder of the drop-proof agent containing 25 ~ 30mg/kg and 0.1% (w/w) dip in flower pesticide liquid totally 3 mass parts, 2.5% fludioxonil suspension agent 0.02 mass parts.
7. the special set meal medicine of precocious eggplant facility cultivation as claimed in claim 1 is fertile, and it is characterized in that, in described strong fruit medicine fertilizer, described high potassium type nitro-compound fertilizer is that N-P-K content is with N, P
2o
5, K
2o counts the nitro-compound fertilizer that mass percent is respectively 15%, 5% and 25%; The nutrient content mass percent of described moderate-element Liquid Fertilizer is: calcium oxide 8.2% ~ 15%, magnesium oxide 1.8% ~ 3%, nitrogen 16% ~ 18%, potassium oxide 0% ~ 1%, trace element (iron, manganese, copper, zinc, boron) 0.2% ~ 3%; The nutrient content per-cent of described microelement foliage fertilizer is: iron 0.9% ~ 1.2%, manganese 0.9% ~ 1.2%, copper 0.2% ~ 0.4%, zinc 0.6% ~ 1%, and boron 0.9% ~ 1.5% forms, and wherein, iron, manganese, copper, zinc element are EDTA Chelating state; Described compost tea water ratio is 83%.
8. the special set meal medicine of precocious eggplant facility cultivation as claimed in claim 1 is fertile, it is characterized in that, described strong fruit medicine fertilizer comprises: high potassium type nitro-compound fertilizer 150 mass parts, moderate-element Liquid Fertilizer 40 mass parts, microelement foliage fertilizer 0.5 mass parts, compost tea 150 mass parts, Ao Like-mould only 300 times of liquid 20 mass parts, copper rosinate missible oil 500 times of liquid 10 mass parts of 12%.
9. the application process of precocious eggplant facility cultivation as claimed in claim 1 special set meal medicine fertilizer, is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
(1) application process of basic medicine fertilizer:
Before field planting 3 ~ 15 days, in conjunction with whole, by well-rotted farmyard manure 2000 ~ 5000kg/ mu and microbial-bacterial fertilizer 50 ~ 100kg/ mu trench digging deep placement, by described soil conditioner and each 50 ~ 100kg/ mu of balanced type Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium, mix in field, spread fertilizer over the fields in soil surface, turn over and bury; Disliking mould medicine liquid with 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 800 times of liquid and 3000 times 95% and spray ground, harrowing into 15 centimetres of depths, for preventing and treating verticillium and Phomopisis vexans;
(2) application process of field planting medicament:
During field planting, dislike mould clever wettable powder 300 times of immersion roots 10 ~ 15 minutes with 95%, band medicine is transplanted, for preventing and treating root rot; After seedling is delayed in field planting, with the withered Garrick of the green grass or young crops of volume ratio 9:1 and Oleum Bulbus Allii 500-600 times liquid irrigating root, every strain 0.2 ~ 0.25kg, 3 ~ 7 days 1 time, totally 1 ~ 2 time; Preferably 5 days 1 time, fill with root 2 times altogether, for the control of blight;
(3) strong sprout medicine fertilizer application process:
After seedling is delayed in field planting, topdress 1 time, within 10 ~ 15 days afterwards, topdress 1 time, topdress altogether 2 ~ 3 times; Every mu of ground consumption that topdresses is balanced type Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 10 ~ 15kg at every turn, moderate-element Liquid Fertilizer 3kg, compost tea 10 ~ 15kg; Use Ao Like 50 ~ 100g seedling stage, be watered 15 ~ 30 kilograms and spray, every 7 ~ 10 days 1 time, connect spray 1 ~ 2 time, to prevent and treat gray mold;
(4) application process of flower pesticide agent is dipped in:
Band medicine dips in flower, and what namely first prepare 50% iprodione wettable powder of the drop-proof agent and 0.1% (w/w) containing 25 ~ 30mg/kg dips in flower pesticide liquid 3 ~ 5kg, then adds 2.5% fludioxonil suspension agent 10 ~ 20g and carries out dipping in flower and smearing;
(5) application process of strong fruit medicine fertilizer:
Topdress 1 time after door eggplant bears fruit, within 10 ~ 15 days afterwards, topdress 1 time, topdress altogether 3 ~ 5 times; Every mu of ground consumption that topdresses is high potassium type nitro-compound fertilizer 10 ~ 15kg at every turn, moderate-element Liquid Fertilizer 3kg, microelement foliage fertilizer 50g, compost tea 10 ~ 15kg;
The four door socket eggplant phases of bearing fruit entered the Sheng phase of gathering, and topdressed once every 7 ~ 10 days, topdressed altogether 5 ~ 7 times; Every mu of ground consumption that topdresses is high potassium type Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 15 ~ 20kg at every turn, moderate-element Liquid Fertilizer 5kg, microelement foliage fertilizer 50g, compost tea 15 ~ 20kg;
Bear fruit the phase door eggplant, every mu of ground uses Ao Like 50g at every turn, is watered 15 kilograms, within every 7 ~ 10 days, sprays 1 time, connects spray 1 ~ 2 time, continues to strengthen the control to gray mold;
Door is after eggplant bears fruit, and every mu of ground sprays 12% copper rosinate missible oil, 500 times of liquid 3 ~ 5kg at every turn, every spray in 10 days 1 time, connects spray 2 ~ 3 times, in Phomopisis vexans period occurred frequently, suppresses the dip-dye of pathogenic bacteria in time.
10. the application process of precocious eggplant facility cultivation as claimed in claim 9 special set meal medicine fertilizer, it is characterized in that, described dips in the application process of flower pesticide agent, described in dip in flower and to dip in small brushes and dip in flower pesticide agent, smear anthocaulus, the corolla after process will be removed gently after Fruit.
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Effective date of registration: 20221220 Address after: 276700 Xingda West Street, Linshu County, Linyi City, Shandong Province, No. 19 Patentee after: KINGENTA ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING GROUP Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: Shandong Jinqiu Yuantian Biotechnology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 276700 Xingda West Street, Linshu County, Linyi City, Shandong Province, No. 19 Patentee before: KINGENTA ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING GROUP Co.,Ltd. |