CN104429789A - Stereoscopic cultivation method for epiphytic orchid and grape - Google Patents
Stereoscopic cultivation method for epiphytic orchid and grape Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104429789A CN104429789A CN201410614680.6A CN201410614680A CN104429789A CN 104429789 A CN104429789 A CN 104429789A CN 201410614680 A CN201410614680 A CN 201410614680A CN 104429789 A CN104429789 A CN 104429789A
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- grape
- epiphytic orchid
- cultivation method
- epiphytic
- orchid
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/02—Cultivation of hops or vines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/04—Supports for hops, vines, or trees
- A01G17/06—Trellis-work
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a stereoscopic cultivation method for epiphytic orchid and grape. The method is based on a flat shed grape trellis, the grape branches and tendrils are used for shading the epiphytic orchid, the epiphytic orchid is used for preserving soil moisture for the grape, and therefore the artificial shading facility cost of the epiphytic orchid and the input of grape irrigation water are reduced. The yields of the epiphytic orchid and grape cultivated through the method are both improved by 1.2-1.5 times compared with a common cultivation method, and energy-saving efficient and stereoscopic cultivation of the epiphytic orchid and grape is realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to biological technical field of cultivation, particularly relate to the efficient energy-saving vertical cultivation of epiphytic orchid and grape.
Background technology
Grape (Grapes) is Vitis (Vitis) defoliation liana.Palmate leaf, leaf alternate, base portion is heart-shaped, and both sides are drawn close, and edge bastard 3-5 is scarce to be split, and compound raceme is generally conical, is also panicle.Berry mostly is circular or oval, and color and luster is different with kind.The mankind just start to cultivate this planting fruit-trees a long time ago, almost account for 1/4th of whole world fruits output, and its nutritive value is very high, can be made into must, raisins and wine.
At present, the kind of grape on producing is implanted with 4 kinds, single hedge frame, frame, T-shape frame and V-type frame cultivation posture.Cultivate the situation having most of space to be wasted under postures can cause frame usually for 4 kinds of grape, in addition, because grape root does not have vegetation to block, grape root system easily lacks moisture in the soil.
Epiphytic orchid, also claims hot bandwidth, practises and is called cattleya.The root mass of major part epiphytic orchid is aerial root, often depends on rock, trunk, exposed and give birth to.Usually they are only by air humidity and mist dew, rainwater, supply moisture, so, most of epiphytic orchid, only suitable soilless culture.Epiphytic orchid, no matter it is growing nonparasitically upon another plant property, partly growing nonparasitically upon another plant property and can ground natural disposition, all requires the state orchid taken root than ground more loose, substrate culture that more can be hydrophobic, ventilative.
Inventor finds in long-term floriculture research, epiphytic orchid is cultivated under grape trellis, space idle under can making full use of grape trellis, make grape complicated and confused for epiphytic orchid is shaded, and the branches and leaves of epiphytic orchid block earth's surface, grape root system place, for grape root system soil moisture conservation, this stereo cultivation method can avoid the waste of daily pouring flowers non-available water, and its production facility cost such as manually to shade has high input problem.
Summary of the invention
The present invention, for overcoming deficiency of the prior art, proposes the stereo cultivation method of a kind of epiphytic orchid and grape.Technical scheme provided by the present invention is:
A stereo cultivation method for epiphytic orchid and grape, is characterized in that:
(1) based on flat canopy grape trellis, grape trellis line-spacing is 300cm, high 180-200cm, and grape trellis supports with fore-set, and fore-set spacing is 300cm, and grape trellis canopy face is installed suspension type spraying irrigation pipe, 30-50cm below nozzle distance grape trellis canopy face;
(2) by wine-growing in the middle of two fore-sets, spacing in the rows is 300cm;
(3) by the field planting of epiphytic orchid seedling on dead volume trunk;
(4) dead volume trunk is vertically fixed on apart from the furrow face beyond grape root 40-60cm, spacing 30-50cm.
As preferably, the spraying of suspension type described in step (1) irrigation pipe is parallel with grape trellis, and the spacing of irrigation pipe of spraying is 100cm.
As preferably, grape variety described in step (2) is the grape variety of resistance to rich water, not easily dehiscent fruit.
As preferably, epiphytic orchid seedling described in step (3) is the healthy strong sprout of seedling age more than 3 months.
As preferably, need before epiphytic orchid seedling field planting described in step (3) to encase root with sphagna, when being fixed to by epiphytic orchid on dead volume trunk, keep every clump of spacing to be 10-20cm.
As preferably, be fixedly be close on dead volume trunk by spiral for epiphytic orchid seedling described in step (3), simultaneously fixing with flat binding binding.
As preferably, dead volume trunk described in step (3) need use after sterilization.
As preferably, 1-3d before epiphytic orchid seedling field planting described in step (3), grape is doubly sprayed with 64% Sandofan dilution 800-1000 and is carried out plant protection protection; 1-2d after the field planting of epiphytic orchid seedling, doubly sprays 50% carbendazim dilution 800-1000 and sprays; After 2-3d, spray B1 root element dilution 1000-1500 and doubly spray, hestening rooting; The humidity of trunk 70%-90% is kept in 30d.
As preferably, described grape will maintain grape after pruning year by year and reach 2.0-2.5 in the leaf area index in 6-10 month, shades for epiphytic orchid provides.
beneficial effect of the present invention
1, this method can decrease epiphytic orchid and manually to shelter from heat or light the input of facility cost and grape irrigation water.
2, the output of the epiphytic orchid planted of the inventive method and grape is all corresponding than conventional cultivation exceeds 1.2-1.5 doubly, achieves the efficient energy-saving vertical cultivation of orchid and grape.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with concrete example, the present invention is further detailed explanation.
specific embodiment:
1, the management of grape
Select to build garden more than 2 years, the vineyard of rain shelter cultivation pattern, that plants in garden is resistance to rich water and the grape variety of not easily dehiscent fruit; Its furrow face width 300cm, be flat canopy formula built, frame height is 180cm; Plan field planting epiphytic orchid above the ground, suspension type spray painting irrigation pipe is installed, 50cm below spray painting mouth distance grape trellis canopy face.
After grape rudiment in spring 30d, prune away unnecessary or without flower fringe branches and tendrils; In April, manually draw climing, to cover, whole frame, branch are not overlapping to be as the criterion, and the leading shoot of its fruit bearing shoot stays 10 leaf pinching, and sublateral shoot stays 1 leaf pinching; In June, secondary sublateral shoot stays 2 leaf pinching; In November, allow its leaf-fall, and cut off the sick tender strain of the old and the weak, retain the aging branch that hibernaculum is full.
After grape fallen leaves before rudiment, full garden sprays the lime sulfur of 13 Baume degrees; And in grape root both sides, trench digging shallow embedding fertilizer, mu consumption is 1000kg.
Periodic cleaning ground grape fallen leaves and weeds.
2, the preparation of epiphytic orchid cultivation matrix and field planting
The rough coat of collection diameter 10cm, length 80cm or smooth dead volume trunk, after 75% tpn 800 times sterilization, be vertically fixed on apart from the furrow face beyond grape root 60cm; Butt spacing 50cm.
Field planting is started in April.Select the seedling age epiphytic orchid of 3 months healthy strong sprout, every clump of 3 strains, encase root with a small amount of sphagna, spacing in the rows 10cm, are spirally close on trunk, simultaneously fixing with flat binding binding.
3, integrated management
3d before epiphytic orchid field planting, plant protection protection is carried out in grape 64% Sandofan, 800 times of sprayings; After epiphytic orchid field planting 1d, spray 50% carbendazim 800 times; After field planting 3d, spray B1 root element 1000 times, hestening rooting; Trunk humidity is kept to be 85% in 30d.
Trunk humidity is kept to be 75%.At fine day, upper, middle and lower noon summer in every day respectively sprays 1 time, and autumn in every morning and noon respectively spray 1 time, and noon winter in every day sprays 1 time; Overcast and rainy, optionally spray 1 every day, spray time is 1min at every turn; When flowering stage or temperature are lower than 15 DEG C, stop spray.
The plant strain growth phase, according to the growth needs of different phase, with spending precious 1 to No. 5 series fertilizer 1200 times, every 7d sprays 1 time; After flowering stage, blossom fall resting stage and temperature lower than 15 DEG C higher than 32 DEG C time, stop spray fertile.
In June, adopt 25% triazolone 3000,10% generation height 1000-1500 doubly, 50% carbendazim 800-1000 doubly, 78% section win 600-800 doubly and 1.8% Avermectin 3000-5000 doubly etc. Multiple Pesticides be used alternatingly, every 15d sprays 1 time, control grape damage by disease and insect; In 7-10 month, adopt 0.5% jinggangmycin aqua 500-800 doubly, 2% penicillin aqua 500-1000 doubly, 72% agricultural streptomycin sulphate 2000-2500 doubly 3 kinds of agricultural chemicals be used alternatingly, every 20d sprays 1 time, the disease of control epiphytic orchid; With the peanut press pulp after pulverizing, evenly trickle down the ground under grape trellis, the insects such as control cutworm, snail, slug, topdress to grapevine seedling simultaneously.
4, the output of grape and epiphytic orchid
The present embodiment gained vintage exceeds 1.5 times than common cultivation, and epiphytic orchid output is higher than common cultivation 1.2 times.
The aforementioned description to concrete exemplary of the present invention is to illustrate and the object of illustration.These descriptions not want the present invention to be defined as disclosed precise forms, and obviously, according to above-mentioned instruction, can much change and change.The object selected exemplary embodiment and describe is to explain certain principles of the present invention and practical application thereof, thus those skilled in the art can be realized and utilize various different exemplary of the present invention and various different selection and change.Scope of the present invention is intended to limited by claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (9)
1. a stereo cultivation method for epiphytic orchid and grape, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) based on flat canopy grape trellis, grape trellis line-spacing is 300cm, high 180-200cm, and grape trellis supports with fore-set, and fore-set spacing is 300cm, and grape trellis canopy face is installed suspension type spraying irrigation pipe, 30-50cm below nozzle distance grape trellis canopy face;
(2) by wine-growing in the middle of two fore-sets, spacing in the rows is 300cm;
(3) by the field planting of epiphytic orchid seedling on dead volume trunk;
(4) dead volume trunk is vertically fixed on apart from the furrow face beyond grape root 40-60cm, spacing 30-50cm.
2. the stereo cultivation method of epiphytic orchid as claimed in claim 1 and grape, is characterized in that: the spraying of suspension type described in step (1) irrigation pipe is parallel with grape trellis, and it is 100cm that tube pitch is irrigated in spraying.
3. the stereo cultivation method of epiphytic orchid as claimed in claim 1 and grape, is characterized in that: the kind of grape described in step (2) is the grape variety of resistance to rich water, not easily dehiscent fruit.
4. the stereo cultivation method of epiphytic orchid as claimed in claim 1 and grape, is characterized in that: epiphytic orchid seedling described in step (3) is the healthy strong sprout of seedling age more than 3 months.
5. the stereo cultivation method of epiphytic orchid as claimed in claim 1 and grape, it is characterized in that: need before epiphytic orchid seedling field planting described in step (3) to encase root with sphagna, every clump of 2-3 strain, keeps every clump of spacing to be 10-20cm when being fixed to by epiphytic orchid on dead volume trunk.
6. the stereo cultivation method of epiphytic orchid as claimed in claim 1 and grape, is characterized in that: be fixedly be close on dead volume trunk by spiral for epiphytic orchid seedling described in step (3), simultaneously fixing with flat binding binding.
7. the stereo cultivation method of epiphytic orchid as claimed in claim 1 and grape, is characterized in that: dead volume trunk described in step (3) need use after sterilization.
8. the stereo cultivation method of epiphytic orchid as claimed in claim 1 and grape, is characterized in that: 1-3d before epiphytic orchid seedling field planting described in step (3), and grape is doubly sprayed with 64% Sandofan dilution 800-1000 and carried out plant protection protection; 1-2d after the field planting of epiphytic orchid seedling, doubly sprays 50% carbendazim dilution 800-1000 and sprays; After 2-3d, spray B1 root element dilution 1000-1500 and doubly spray, hestening rooting; The humidity of trunk 70%-90% is kept in 30d.
9. the stereo cultivation method of epiphytic orchid as claimed in claim 1 and grape, is characterized in that: described grape will maintain grape after pruning year by year and reach 2.0-2.5 in the leaf area index in 6-10 month, shades for epiphytic orchid provides.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410614680.6A CN104429789B (en) | 2014-11-04 | 2014-11-04 | The stereo cultivating method of a kind of epiphytic orchid and grape |
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| CN201410614680.6A CN104429789B (en) | 2014-11-04 | 2014-11-04 | The stereo cultivating method of a kind of epiphytic orchid and grape |
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| CN104429789A true CN104429789A (en) | 2015-03-25 |
| CN104429789B CN104429789B (en) | 2016-06-01 |
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Cited By (3)
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| CN105794612A (en) * | 2016-03-16 | 2016-07-27 | 中国科学院武汉植物园 | Construction method for tropical rainforest hanging garden |
| CN106900476A (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-06-30 | 杨国春 | A kind of method of the naked interplanting hickory chick of grape |
| CN111631123A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-09-08 | 深圳市好园丁网络科技有限公司 | Wild-imitating planting method for epiphytic orchid |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105794612A (en) * | 2016-03-16 | 2016-07-27 | 中国科学院武汉植物园 | Construction method for tropical rainforest hanging garden |
| CN106900476A (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-06-30 | 杨国春 | A kind of method of the naked interplanting hickory chick of grape |
| CN111631123A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-09-08 | 深圳市好园丁网络科技有限公司 | Wild-imitating planting method for epiphytic orchid |
| CN111631123B (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2021-10-08 | 深圳市好园丁网络科技有限公司 | Wild-imitating planting method for epiphytic orchid |
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| CN104429789B (en) | 2016-06-01 |
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