CN104396534B - Promote the method for cultivating seedlings of children's summer in age rubber fast-growing - Google Patents
Promote the method for cultivating seedlings of children's summer in age rubber fast-growing Download PDFInfo
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- CN104396534B CN104396534B CN201410725711.5A CN201410725711A CN104396534B CN 104396534 B CN104396534 B CN 104396534B CN 201410725711 A CN201410725711 A CN 201410725711A CN 104396534 B CN104396534 B CN 104396534B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field that forestry nursery stock is cultivated, particularly relate to a kind of method for cultivating seedlings promoting children's summer in age rubber fast-growing, this breeding method comprises the steps: total step (1), whole makees bed；Total step (2), seedling are bred: the most 1. First Year is collected seed standby；The most 2. wet concentration summer rubber seed is standby；The most 3. sow；The most 4. manage after sowing: water one time after finishing kind and permeable survive the winter；The most 5. annual seedling seedling management；The most 6. raw nursery stock seedling management in 2 years, cultivating seedlings completes.Present invention is mainly used for the cultivating seedlings of children's summer in age rubber fast-growing.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical field that forestry nursery stock is cultivated, particularly relate to a kind of method for cultivating seedlings promoting children's summer in age rubber fast-growing.
Background technology
Summer rubber (Quercus robur L.) original name summer oak, be Fagaceae (Fagaceae) oak belong to (QuercusL.) deciduous tree, the height of tree is up to 40m.Sprout, by hair, the most i.e. comes off；Sprig reddish brown, without hair, by gray circular hole skin；Blade long inverted ovoid is to oval, long6 ~20cm, wide3 ~8cm, nose-circle pauses, and base portion is out-of-flatness ear shape, and leaf margin has4 ~The depth not grade is justified crenation by 7；Infructescence is thin, and long 1~ 4Cm, tool fruit2 ~4 pieces；Nut oval or ellipse, smooth, really footpath1 ~1.5 cm, long2 ~3.5 cm.May at florescence, really phase9 ~October.
CNKI, all places and tie up the literature search of general three big China Journal Net, the summer rubber seedling-raising technique that data information is reflected from seed maturity, collect, store, sow and later stage nursery stock is managed and protected etc. nursery link, mostly have identical part.Summer rubber nursery stock generally exists on producing that neither one well and easily screens seed method, seed easily goes mouldy after storing away in winter, it is uneven to emerge, emerge after the seedling growth problem such as slowly.
Visit Russia of delegation of Xinjiang in 2014 forest-science academy, investigate Russian cold-resistant fruit tree and afforestation fine tree species, visit technician notices that the big cities such as Muscovite Novosibirsk city, Sankt Peterburg and Moscow, and the main green tree species in city is mainly based on summer rubber and tilia.According to her ten thousand Milunovich doctor's introductions of chief's Wu Xianke Vladimir of Russia's Lisa literal arts Horticultural Research Institute, the seed selection of summer rubber is difficult, emergence rate is low and juvenile stage poor growth, is also their subject matter of facing.According to the investigation in our summer rubber cultivating seedlings bases a lot of to Northern Xinjiang, the most generally occur not choosing seeds, emergence rate is low and the poky problem of juvenile stage.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention: the seed selection difficulty, the storage in winter that generally exist during solving summer rubber nursery stock production hold the key technology difficult problem such as suitable rotten kind, uneven emergence rate of emerging is low, juvenile stage seedling growth slow, outplanting phase length.
Technical scheme: promote the method for cultivating seedlings of children's summer in age rubber fast-growing, this breeding method comprises the steps: total step (1), make bed: select fertile soil wholely, soil depth 60-80cm, pour water conveniently, draining, aeration is good, smooth plot is as nursery, every mu of nursery executes farm organic fertilizer 2000-3000kg, nursery is ploughed deeply by early autumn, degree of depth 25-30cm, foreign material in plot are all removed, before sowing, need to manually plough, the degree of depth is 15-20cm, essence harrows thin a kind of farm tools, the bedding of whole ground, the long 10-15m of furrow, wide 4-5m, subterranean pest-insect is killed in combination with the Furadan executing 1-2kg/ mu, before sowing, apply phosphoric acid diamidogen 40-50kg/ mu；
Total step (2), seedling are bred: the most 1. First Year is collected seed: before and after lunar calendar Mid-autumn Festival of First Year 7 days, start to collect summer rubber seed, by the summer rubber seed collected in the storage of the cool place place of being dried, standby；The most 2. wet concentration summer rubber seed: putting in bucket by the above-mentioned middle summer rubber seed collected, water is totally submerged summer rubber seed, changes a water every day；After 6-8 days, the summer rubber seed floated on the surface is rejected, heavy underwater summer rubber seed is pulled out, standby；The most 3. sowing: the above-mentioned summer rubber seed the most 2. collected is sowed in ready nursery in total step (1), according to line-spacing 40-45cm during sowing, spacing in the rows 10-15cm, application rate 80-100kg/ mu, sow ditch depth 5-8cm, earthing 2-4cm；The most 4. manage after sowing: water one time after finishing kind and permeable survive the winter；The most 5. annual seedling seedling management: Second Year, after April and May respectively watering a water, from binding for the first time at the beginning of summer rubber nursery stock 6 months, at interval of 15-18 day, is executed carbamide 4-6kg/ mu and waters once, executing five carbamide altogether；Summer rubber nursery stock is accumulative waters 7 times, executes carbamide 20-30kg/ mu；The most 6. raw nursery stock seedling management in 2 years: after April and May respectively watering a water, from summer rubber nursery stock binding for the first time at the beginning of 6 months, at interval of 15-18 day, execute carbamide 4-6kg/ mu and water once, executing five carbamide altogether for the 3rd year；Summer rubber nursery stock adds up to water 7 times on the 3rd year, executes carbamide 20-30kg/ mu, and cultivating seedlings completes.
Beneficial effect: the present invention solves the practical problem in summer rubber cultivating seedlings, for many years in " Lin Yuan nursery, Xinshi District, Urumqi City " (enterprise, address: nest fort, little ground nursing house north) summer rubber cultivating seedlings during, no matter in technology application or all achieve successfully in commodity production.From nineteen ninety-five to 2014 year, Lin Yuan nursery, Xinshi District, Urumqi City has been produced by this technological innovation and has sold summer rubber nursery stock more than 100 ten thousand strain, it is thus achieved that economic benefit more than 500 ten thousand yuan, commercial can say more successful, and effect is the most notable.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1, promote the method for cultivating seedlings of children's summer in age rubber fast-growing, this breeding method comprises the steps: total step (1), make bed: select fertile soil wholely, soil depth 60-80cm, pour water conveniently, draining, aeration is good, smooth plot is as nursery, every mu of nursery executes farm organic fertilizer 2000-3000kg, nursery is ploughed deeply by early autumn, degree of depth 25-30cm, foreign material in plot are all removed, before sowing, need to manually plough, the degree of depth is 15-20cm, essence harrows thin a kind of farm tools, the bedding of whole ground, the long 10-15m of furrow, wide 4-5m, subterranean pest-insect is killed in combination with the Furadan executing 1-2kg/ mu, before sowing, apply phosphoric acid diamidogen 40-50kg/ mu；
Total step (2), seedling are bred: the most 1. First Year is collected seed: before and after lunar calendar Mid-autumn Festival of First Year 7 days, start to collect summer rubber seed, by the summer rubber seed collected in the storage of the cool place place of being dried, standby；The most 2. wet concentration summer rubber seed: putting in bucket by the above-mentioned middle summer rubber seed collected, water is totally submerged summer rubber seed, changes a water every day；After 6-8 days, the summer rubber seed floated on the surface is rejected, heavy underwater summer rubber seed is pulled out, standby；The most 3. sowing: the above-mentioned summer rubber seed the most 2. collected is sowed in ready nursery in total step (1), according to line-spacing 40-45cm during sowing, spacing in the rows 10-15cm, application rate 80-100kg/ mu, sow ditch depth 5-8cm, earthing 2-4cm；The most 4. manage after sowing: water one time after finishing kind and permeable survive the winter；The most 5. annual seedling seedling management: Second Year, after April and May respectively watering a water, from binding for the first time at the beginning of summer rubber nursery stock 6 months, at interval of 15-18 day, is executed carbamide 4-6kg/ mu and waters once, executing five carbamide altogether；Summer rubber nursery stock is accumulative waters 7 times, executes carbamide 20-30kg/ mu；The most 6. raw nursery stock seedling management in 2 years: after April and May respectively watering a water, from summer rubber nursery stock binding for the first time at the beginning of 6 months, at interval of 15-18 day, execute carbamide 4-6kg/ mu and water once, executing five carbamide altogether for the 3rd year；Summer rubber nursery stock adds up to water 7 times on the 3rd year, executes carbamide 20-30kg/ mu, and cultivating seedlings completes.
At present, stop growing the technical method of (dormancy) by using wet concentration kind method, accelerating germination in 6-8 days autumn seeding method and 5 Capsicum yield of the 6-8 season of growth month in the coming year to break summer rubber seedling, insemination and emergence rate can be made to reach more than 95%, emerge neat；Summer rubber one year seedling Seedling height is up to 105cm, footpath, ground 1cm, mean height growth 60-70cm, footpath, ground 0.8cm.2 years raw seedling-height growth of summer rubber are up to 230cm, footpath, ground 1.5cm, and mean height grows up to 200-210cm, footpath, ground 1.3cm, and within 2 years, raw nursery stock just can go out garden.And general literature mentions that summer rubber one year seedling Seedling height is only 12-30cm, the thick 0.2-0.5cm in footpath, ground, nursery stock 4-5 life and just can go out garden.
Use summer rubber wet concentration kind method, accelerating germination sowing in 6-8 days autumns, 6-8 month seedling growth phase impose the technical measures such as 5 liquid manure, it is possible to greatly facilitating summer rubber nursery stock fast-growth, nursery stock goes out garden than conventional seedbed system method 2-3 in advance, and summer rubber nursery stock is born with for 2 years can go out garden.
Concrete practice: process of the test:
1, make bed: select the plot nursery that fertile soil, soil layer deep (60-80cm), convenience of pouring water, draining, aeration are good, smooth, this formation being conducive to summer rubber and growth wholely.Every mu of ground spreads fertilizer over the fields farm organic fertilizer 2000～3000kg, and nursery plot is ploughed deeply by early autumn, and the foreign material in plot are all removed by the degree of depth 25～30cm.Before sowing, need to manually plough, the degree of depth is 15～20cm, and essence harrows thin a kind of farm tools, the bedding of whole ground, furrow length 10～15m, wide 4m.Subterranean pest-insect is killed in combination with the Furadan executing 1～2kg/ mu.Before sowing, trench digging mu applies phosphoric acid diamidogen 40-50kg, sowing in time.
2, seedling is bred: 1. collect seed: before and after Northern Xinjiang annual Mid-autumn Festival 7 days for the first time after early frost, seed maturity season, starts to collect seed, is laid in by the seed collected in advance on the concrete floor in cool place, it is impossible to be exposed to the sun.Ripe healthy seed is brown color or yellowish-brown, and crust is hard smooth and glossy；2. wet concentration summer rubber seed: put in bucket by the seed collected, the water yield to reach to be totally submerged by seed, changes a water every day.After 6-8 days, the seed floated on the surface all is pulled out and throw away, heavy underwater seed and the seed that had 40-50% to show money or valuables one carries unintentionally are pulled out, standby；3. sowing: with the summer rubber planting seed urging bud autumn.The seed of sowing in spring typically will be through Sand culture in winter, but test for many years proves, through the Sand culture in a winter, seed is perishable, and germination percentage is low, and Some seeds is mould becomes black, so it is not recommended that summer rubber seed of sowing in spring.According to line-spacing 40cm during sowing, spacing in the rows 10cm, program request of ditching, note showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally and locate downwards, every mu of sowing quantity 80-100kg.Sowing ditch depth 5cm, earthing 2cm are thick, suppress slightly；4. manage after sowing: water one time after finishing kind in time and permeable survive the winter；5. one year seedling seedling management: general output of seedling is about every mu of 16000 strains.In addition to conventional April, May respectively watering a water, all can there is the phenomenon that i.e. stops growing that naturally binds of 3-5 time in the growth busy season of the 6-8 month in summer rubber, and when binding for the first time at the beginning of general 6 months, every first quarter moon combines every mu and spreads fertilizer over the fields carbamide 5kg and water once, executes five carbamide altogether.Summer rubber nursery stock First Year is accumulative to water 7 times, and mu executes carbamide 25kg.6. raw Seedling seedling management in 2 years.In addition to conventional April, May respectively watering a water, all can there is the phenomenon that i.e. stops growing that naturally binds of 3-5 time in the growth busy season of the 6-8 month in summer rubber, and when binding for the first time at the beginning of general 6 months, every first quarter moon combines every mu and spreads fertilizer over the fields carbamide 4-6kg and water once, executes five carbamide altogether.Summer rubber nursery stock Second Year is accumulative to water 7 times, and mu executes carbamide 20-30kg.
Experiment effect: 1. before sowing, uses summer rubber wet concentration kind method, can summer rubber breeding and inferior strain be made a distinction, it is ensured that the emergence rate of seedling more than 95%, emerges neat, and emergence rate is high.This seed choosing method is simple, convenient and swift.2. using summer rubber accelerating germination in 6-8 days autumn seeding method, nursery stock is faster than the seedling growth speed that spring is sowed, it is also possible to avoid summer rubber seed to be difficult to storage winter, the drawback easily gone rotten；3. 6-8 month juvenile stage seedling growth phase, impose 5 liquid manure technical measures every year, it is possible to break children rubber seedling growth phase summer in age stop growing for 3-5 time, promotion summer rubber children nursery stock in age fast-growth, fast-growing effect is notable.Nursery stock goes out garden than conventional seedbed system method 2-3 in advance, and summer rubber nursery stock is born with for 2 years can go out garden.Cultivate summer rubber seedling by this set supporting technology method and can carry out popularization and application in summer rubber cultivating seedlings base, the whole nation.
Claims (1)
1. promote the method for cultivating seedlings of children's summer in age rubber fast-growing, it is characterized in that: this breeding method comprises the steps: total step (1), make bed: select fertile soil wholely, soil depth 60-80cm, pour water conveniently, draining, aeration is good, smooth plot is as nursery, every mu of nursery executes farm organic fertilizer 2000-3000kg, nursery is ploughed deeply by early autumn, degree of depth 25-30cm, foreign material in plot are all removed, before sowing, need to manually plough, the degree of depth is 15-20cm, essence harrows thin a kind of farm tools, the bedding of whole ground, the long 10-15m of furrow, wide 4-5m, subterranean pest-insect is killed in combination with the Furadan executing 1-2kg/ mu, before sowing, apply phosphoric acid diamidogen 40-50kg/ mu；
Total step (2), seedling are bred: the most 1. First Year is collected seed: before and after lunar calendar Mid-autumn Festival of First Year 7 days, start to collect summer rubber seed, by the summer rubber seed collected in the storage of the cool place place of being dried, standby；The most 2. wet concentration summer rubber seed: putting in bucket by the above-mentioned middle summer rubber seed collected, water is totally submerged summer rubber seed, changes a water every day；After 6-8 days, the summer rubber seed floated on the surface is rejected, heavy underwater summer rubber seed is pulled out, standby；The most 3. sowing: the above-mentioned summer rubber seed the most 2. collected is sowed in ready nursery in total step (1), according to line-spacing 40-45cm during sowing, spacing in the rows 10-15cm, application rate 80-100kg/ mu, sow ditch depth 5-8cm, earthing 2-4cm；The most 4. manage after sowing: water one time after finishing kind and permeable survive the winter；The most 5. annual seedling seedling management: Second Year, after April and May respectively watering a water, from binding for the first time at the beginning of summer rubber nursery stock 6 months, at interval of 15-18 day, is executed carbamide 4-6kg/ mu and waters once, executing five carbamide altogether；Summer rubber nursery stock is accumulative waters 7 times, executes carbamide 20-30kg/ mu；The most 6. raw nursery stock seedling management in 2 years: after April and May respectively watering a water, from summer rubber nursery stock binding for the first time at the beginning of 6 months, at interval of 15-18 day, execute carbamide 4-6kg/ mu and water once, executing five carbamide altogether for the 3rd year；Summer rubber nursery stock adds up to water 7 times on the 3rd year, executes carbamide 20-30kg/ mu, and cultivating seedlings completes.
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| CN104871808B (en) * | 2015-07-01 | 2017-03-08 | 新疆林业科学院 | A kind of employing Gibberellins solution promotes the cultural method of young age summer rubber nursery stock fast-growing |
| CN105594534A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-05-25 | 新疆林业科学院 | Method for facilitating straight growth of annual young nursery stock of quercus robur L. |
| CN105993787B (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2019-03-05 | 新疆玉维鲜农业科技中心 | The fast numerous, rapid culture method of stingless U.S.'s gleditsia sinensis |
| CN113179842A (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2021-07-30 | 伊犁哈萨克自治州林木良种繁育试验中心 | High-survival-rate reinforced planting method for oak seedlings |
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Inventor after: Wang Zhijun Inventor after: Zhang Baoen Inventor after: Jin Kaiyan Inventor after: Zhang Lunan Inventor after: Zhang Dezhi Inventor after: ABUDUREXITI REHEMAN Inventor after: Zhang Dongya Inventor after: BAHAERGULI AYOUFU Inventor after: Sun Shouwen Inventor before: Wang Zhijun Inventor before: Zhang Baoen Inventor before: Jin Kaiyan Inventor before: Zhang Lunan Inventor before: Zhang Dezhi Inventor before: ABUDUREXITI REXITI Inventor before: Zhang Dongya Inventor before: BAHAERGULI AYOUFU Inventor before: Sun Shouwen |
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Free format text: CORRECT: INVENTOR; FROM: WANG ZHIJUN ZHANG BAOEN JIN KAIYAN ZHANG LUNAN ZHANG DEZHI ABUDUREXITI REXITI ZHANG DONGYA BAHAERGULI AYOUFU SUN SHOUWEN TO: WANG ZHIJUN ZHANG BAOEN JIN KAIYAN ZHANG LUNAN ZHANG DEZHI ABUDUREXITI REHEMAN ZHANG DONGYA BAHAERGULI AYOUFU SUN SHOUWEN |
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Granted publication date: 20160817 Termination date: 20171204 |