CN113179842A - High-survival-rate reinforced planting method for oak seedlings - Google Patents
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 241000219492 Quercus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000727913 Parthenocissus tricuspidata Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium phosphate Substances [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000157282 Aesculus Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003450 growing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000282376 Panthera tigris Species 0.000 description 6
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- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-survival-rate reinforced planting method for oak seedlings, which comprises the following specific steps: first step seed selection and cultivation; secondly, land preparation; thirdly, planting seedlings; fourthly, seedling cultivation and growth; and fifthly, changing beds for transplanting. When the seedling transplanting machine is used for planting the oak seedlings, the seedlings cultured in the cultivating box are cooled, the adaptability of the seedlings to the growing environment is effectively reduced, the greenhouse environment is prevented from being adapted, meanwhile, the adaptability of the seedlings to the low-temperature environment is enhanced, the cold resistance is enhanced, the activity enhancement induction is firstly carried out in the transportation before transplanting, the growing activity of the seedlings is enhanced, the survival rate is enhanced, then, the lateral shielding is carried out when the seedlings are planted and the large seedlings are transplanted in a bed changing manner, the growth is promoted, and in addition, the junction position of the bottom of the seedlings and the ground is continuously piled with high soil when the bed changing transplanting is carried out, so that the whole seedlings are more stable, and the survival rate is enhanced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of planting methods of oak seedlings, in particular to a high-survival-rate reinforced planting method of oak seedlings.
Background
The trunk of the oak adult tree is as high as 30 meters, the oak adult tree is hard in material, is vividly grown, has brownish gray bark, fine cracks, brownish gray twigs, intergrowth leaves, is thick, smooth and glossy, and is in an inverted oval shape or an elliptical shape, and an effective method is needed in planting when the oak adult tree is cultured.
The traditional planting method of the oak seedlings in summer has the following defects:
generally, when the oak seedling is cultivated and planted, seeds are scattered through a simple mode, then the seedling is simply transplanted after growing to a certain degree, the survival rate cannot be well enhanced due to the measure of nursery stock treatment, the oak tree can grow to a high height, so that the stability of the root is enhanced in the planting process, and otherwise the survival rate is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a reinforced planting method of high-survival-rate oak seedlings, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a high-survival-rate reinforced planting method for oak seedlings comprises the following specific steps:
first step seed selection and cultivation: firstly, selecting aesculus kawachii seeds stored for 1 to 2 years, then dispersedly placing the seeds in soil pre-placed in an incubator, then setting the temperature illumination and humidity conditions for normal growth of the aesculus kawachii seeds in the incubator, then reducing the temperature of the incubator by 5 to 10 ℃ after the seeds are cultured until the seedlings grow out, and continuing culturing for 10 days;
the second step of land preparation: selecting a land which is not blocked by high objects around and is close to a water source, loosening and turning soil, wherein the loosening and turning soil is repeatedly performed twice, fertilizer is put in each loosening and turning process, then a planting pit and a drainage ditch are dug, base fertilizer is poured into the planting pit, the thickness of the base fertilizer is kept at 5-10 cm, a layer of humus soil with the thickness of 3-5 cm is spread on the surface of the base fertilizer, then straw is covered on the land, combustion is performed, the process is continuously performed for 2-4 times, so that the whole land is sufficient, meanwhile, diseases and pests in the soil are killed, and the temperature of the land is increased;
thirdly, seedling planting: bagging all the prepared seedlings in a cultivation box, digging the roots of the seedlings together with cultivated soil, transporting the seedlings to a prepared soil place through a vehicle, keeping the original depth of soil marks of the seedlings, backfilling the excavated soil according to a soil layer rule, filling a long-acting fertilizer simultaneously during backfilling, piling up a small soil pile above a planting pit after the seedlings are completely backfilled, enabling the small soil pile to surround the seedlings, ensuring that the height of the small soil pile is 4-6 cm lower than the tops of the seedlings, enabling the small soil pile to protect the growth of the seedlings, measuring the height of a fall between the tops of the seedlings and the small soil pile once every 1 month by a planting person, and increasing the height of the small soil pile when the height of the fall is less than 4 cm;
fourthly, seedling cultivation and growth: spraying clear water to branches and trunks of seedlings between 6 and 9 am every day, spraying a mixed solution of ammonium nitrate, monopotassium phosphate and water to branches and leaves of seedlings between 5 and 7 pm every day, continuously spraying the mixed solution for 3 to 4 months until the seedlings grow to reach 100 to 120 centimeters;
fifthly, bed changing and transplanting: and (3) selecting a piece of planting land again, wherein the preparation time and conditions of the land are the same as those in the second step, the diameter of the planting pit is twice of that of the planting pit dug in the second step, 5-10 kg of animal manure is applied to each pit as base fertilizer, then the nursery stock with natural mother soil is transplanted along with the planting pit, when the nursery stock is planted, the fertilizer is normally applied and watered, and 10-20 cm of nutrient soil is filled at the junction position of the bottom of the nursery stock and the ground every 4-6 months, so that the nutrient soil completely wraps the bottom branches of the nursery stock and is compacted for 3-5 years, and therefore, the growing nursery stock branches are buried under the soil, the stability of the nursery stock is enhanced, and the survival rate is enhanced.
Further, before the first seed selection and cultivation, firstly, the selected seeds are scattered and laid on the plate body with the fine through holes, the plate body with the fine through holes is placed in the incubator, water mist is sprayed onto the seeds, and the seeds are stirred by using a soft appliance in the spraying process, so that the seeds are fully contacted.
Further, the land preparation requires 7 to 15 days before the seeds develop seedlings.
Furthermore, the cap bag used by the seedling in the seedling planting step is uniformly provided with pores invisible to naked eyes, and meanwhile, in the transportation process of using a vehicle, the temperature of the space where the seedling is located is higher than the temperature which is reduced and reached after the seedling grows out in the first step, so that the seedling enters the condition state favorable for growth.
Furthermore, after the seedlings are planted in the planting pits in the third step, the long rod bodies are inserted around the planting pits, a through hole is inserted, the through holes are distributed around the planting pits at equal intervals, and water flow penetrates into the soil at the roots of the seedlings when watering is facilitated.
Furthermore, after the seedlings are cultivated to reach the height of 40-50 cm in the fourth step, the wall-built supports are arranged on the two sides of the seedlings, the support height is lower than the height of the seedlings, the cultivated partridge lizards are planted below the supports, and after the supports are fully climbed, the two sides of the growing nursery stocks are shielded, so that the nursery stocks can effectively grow upwards.
Furthermore, after the parthenocissus tricuspidata is planted on two sides of the nursery stock, the glue and the fertilizer for the nursery stock are changed into twice of the original watering amount and fertilizing amount.
Further, before the fifth step of bed changing and transplanting, one third of the total amount of the branches and leaves at the top of the nursery stock are cut off.
Furthermore, after the fifth step of bed changing and transplanting, lifting platforms are built on two sides of the nursery stock and distributed at two ends of the field, and shading cloth is arranged between the lifting platforms to shade two sides of the nursery stock and promote the growth of the nursery stock.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
when the seedling transplanting machine is used for planting the oak seedlings, the seedlings cultured in the cultivating box are cooled, the adaptability of the seedlings to the growing environment is effectively reduced, the greenhouse environment is prevented from being adapted, meanwhile, the adaptability of the seedlings to the low-temperature environment is enhanced, the cold resistance is enhanced, the activity enhancement induction is firstly carried out in the transportation before transplanting, the growing activity of the seedlings is enhanced, the survival rate is enhanced, then, the lateral shielding is carried out when the seedlings are planted and the large seedlings are transplanted in a bed changing manner, the growth is promoted, and in addition, the junction position of the bottom of the seedlings and the ground is continuously piled with high soil when the bed changing transplanting is carried out, so that the whole seedlings are more stable, and the survival rate is enhanced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of the steps of the reinforced planting method of high-survival-rate oak seedlings.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: a high-survival-rate reinforced planting method for oak seedlings comprises the following specific steps:
first step seed selection and cultivation: firstly, selecting the summer oak seeds stored for 1 year, then dispersedly placing the seeds in soil pre-placed in an incubator, then setting the temperature illumination and humidity conditions for normal growth of the summer oak seeds in the incubator, then reducing the temperature of 5 ℃ in the incubator after the seedlings grow out, and continuing to cultivate for 10 days;
the second step of land preparation: selecting a land which is not shielded by high objects around and is close to a water source, loosening and turning soil, wherein the loosening and turning soil is repeatedly carried out twice, fertilizer is put in each loosening and turning process, then a planting pit and a drainage ditch are dug, base fertilizer is poured into the planting pit, the thickness of the base fertilizer is kept at 5 cm, then a layer of humus soil with the thickness of 3 cm is spread on the surface of the base fertilizer, then straw is covered on the land, combustion is carried out, and the process is continuously carried out for 2 times, so that the whole land is sufficient in organic fertilizer, meanwhile, pests in the soil are killed, and the temperature of the land is raised;
thirdly, seedling planting: bagging all the prepared seedlings in a cultivation box, digging the roots of the seedlings together with cultivated soil, transporting the seedlings to a prepared soil place through a vehicle, keeping the original depth of soil marks of the seedlings, backfilling the excavated soil according to a soil layer rule, filling a long-acting fertilizer simultaneously during backfilling, piling up a small soil pile above a planting pit after the seedlings are completely backfilled, enabling the small soil pile to surround the seedlings, ensuring that the height of the small soil pile is lower than 4 cm of the top of the seedlings, enabling the small soil pile to protect the growth of the seedlings, measuring the height of a drop between the top of the seedlings and the small soil pile every 1 month by a planting person, and increasing the height of the small soil pile when the height of the drop is lower than 4 cm;
fourthly, seedling cultivation and growth: spraying clear water to branches and trunks of seedlings at 6 am every day, spraying a mixed solution of ammonium nitrate, monopotassium phosphate and water to branches and leaves of seedlings at 5 pm every day, continuously spraying for 3 months, and continuously culturing until the seedling culture growth reaches 100 cm, wherein the mass ratio of the ammonium nitrate, the monopotassium phosphate and the water in the mixed solution is 2: 1: 99;
fifthly, bed changing and transplanting: and (3) selecting a piece of planting land again, wherein the preparation time and conditions of the land are the same as those in the second step, the diameter of the planting pit is twice of that of the planting pit dug in the second step, 5 kilograms of animal manure is applied to each pit as base fertilizer, then the nursery stock with natural mother soil is transplanted along with the planting pit, after the nursery stock is planted, the fertilization and watering are normally carried out, and 10 centimeters of nutrient soil is filled at the junction position of the bottom of the nursery stock and the ground every 4 months, so that the nutrient soil completely wraps the branches at the bottom of the nursery stock and is compacted for 3 years, and thus, the growing nursery stock branches are buried under the soil, the stability of the nursery stock is enhanced, and the survival rate is enhanced.
Before the first step of seed selection and cultivation, firstly, the selected seeds are scattered and paved on a plate body with a small through hole, the plate body with the small through hole is placed in an incubator, water mist is sprayed on the seeds, and the seeds are stirred by a soft appliance in the spraying process, so that the seeds are fully contacted.
Land preparation needs to be performed within 7 days before the seeds develop seedlings.
The cap bag that the seedling used in the seedling step of planting evenly seted up the invisible pore of naked eye on, simultaneously in using vehicle transportation for the temperature in the space that the seedling is located reduces the temperature that reaches after the seedling grows out in the first step, makes the seedling get into under the condition state that is favorable to growing.
And thirdly, after the seedlings are planted in the planting pits, the long rod bodies are inserted around the planting pits, a through hole is inserted, the through holes are distributed around the planting pits at equal intervals, and water flow penetrates into the soil at the roots of the seedlings when watering is facilitated.
After the seedling is cultivated to reach the height of 40 cm in the fourth step, the supports in the shape of the fence are built on the two sides of the seedling, the support height is lower than the height of the seedling, the mountain climbing tiger which is cultivated in advance is planted below the support, and after the support is fully climbed by the mountain climbing tiger, the two sides of the growing nursery stock are shielded, so that the nursery stock can grow upwards effectively.
After the parthenocissus tricuspidata is planted on two sides of the nursery stock, the glue and the fertilizer for the nursery stock are changed into twice of the original watering amount and fertilizing amount.
And before the fifth step of bed changing and transplanting, cutting off one third of the total amount of the branches and leaves at the top of the nursery stock.
And fifthly, after the beds are changed and transplanted, lifting platforms are built on two sides of the nursery stock and distributed at two ends of the field, and shading cloth is pulled between the lifting platforms to shade two sides of the nursery stock and promote the growth of the nursery stock.
After the technical scheme is implemented, the survival rate of the oak seedlings reaches seventy-five percent.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: a high-survival-rate reinforced planting method for oak seedlings comprises the following specific steps:
first step seed selection and cultivation: firstly, selecting the summer oak seeds stored for 1.5 years, then dispersedly placing the seeds in soil pre-placed in an incubator, then setting the temperature illumination and humidity conditions for normal growth of the summer oak seeds in the incubator, then reducing the temperature of 8 ℃ in the incubator after the seedlings grow out, and continuing to cultivate for 10 days;
the second step of land preparation: selecting a land which is not shielded by high objects around and is close to a water source, loosening and turning soil, wherein the loosening and turning soil is repeatedly carried out twice, fertilizer is put in each loosening and turning process, then a planting pit and a drainage ditch are dug, base fertilizer is poured into the planting pit, the thickness of the base fertilizer is kept at 8 cm, then a layer of humus soil with the thickness of 4 cm is spread on the surface of the base fertilizer, then straw is covered on the land, combustion is carried out, the process is continuously carried out for 3 times, so that the whole land is sufficient in organic fertilizer, meanwhile, pests in the soil are killed, and the temperature of the land is raised;
thirdly, seedling planting: bagging all the prepared seedlings in a cultivation box, digging the roots of the seedlings together with cultivated soil, transporting the seedlings to a prepared soil place through a vehicle, keeping the original depth of soil marks of the seedlings, backfilling the excavated soil according to a soil layer rule, filling a long-acting fertilizer simultaneously during backfilling, piling up a small soil pile above a planting pit after the seedlings are completely backfilled, enabling the small soil pile to surround the seedlings, ensuring that the height of the small soil pile is 5 cm lower than the top of the seedlings, enabling the small soil pile to protect the growth of the seedlings, measuring the height of a drop between the top of the seedlings and the small soil pile every 1 month by a planting person, and increasing the height of the small soil pile when the height of the drop is less than 4 cm;
fourthly, seedling cultivation and growth: spraying clear water to branches and trunks of seedlings at 8 am every day, spraying a mixed solution of ammonium nitrate, monopotassium phosphate and water to branches and leaves of seedlings at 6 pm every day, continuously spraying for 3.5 months, and then continuously culturing until the seedlings grow to 110 cm;
fifthly, bed changing and transplanting: and (3) selecting a piece of planting land again, wherein the preparation time and conditions of the land are the same as those in the second step, the diameter of the planting pit is twice of that of the planting pit dug in the second step, 8 kilograms of animal manure is applied to each pit as base fertilizer, then the nursery stock with natural mother soil is transplanted along with the planting pit, after the nursery stock is planted, the fertilization and watering are normally carried out, and 15 centimeters of nutrient soil is filled at the junction position of the bottom of the nursery stock and the ground every 5 months, so that the nutrient soil completely wraps the branches at the bottom of the nursery stock and is compacted for 4 years, and thus, the growing nursery stock branches are buried under the soil, the stability of the nursery stock is enhanced, and the survival rate is enhanced.
Before the first step of seed selection and cultivation, firstly, the selected seeds are scattered and paved on a plate body with a small through hole, the plate body with the small through hole is placed in an incubator, water mist is sprayed on the seeds, and the seeds are stirred by a soft appliance in the spraying process, so that the seeds are fully contacted.
Land preparation needs to be performed within 11 days before the seeds develop seedlings.
The cap bag that the seedling used in the seedling step of planting evenly seted up the invisible pore of naked eye on, simultaneously in using vehicle transportation for the temperature in the space that the seedling is located reduces the temperature that reaches after the seedling grows out in the first step, makes the seedling get into under the condition state that is favorable to growing.
And thirdly, after the seedlings are planted in the planting pits, the long rod bodies are inserted around the planting pits, a through hole is inserted, the through holes are distributed around the planting pits at equal intervals, and water flow penetrates into the soil at the roots of the seedlings when watering is facilitated.
After the seedling is cultivated to reach 45 centimeters in height in the fourth step, the supports in the shape of the built enclosing walls on the two sides of the seedling are used, the support is made to be lower than the height of the seedling, then the mountain climbing tiger which is cultivated in advance is planted below the support, and after the support is fully climbed by the mountain climbing tiger, the two sides of the growing nursery stock are shielded, so that the nursery stock can grow upwards effectively.
After the parthenocissus tricuspidata is planted on two sides of the nursery stock, the glue and the fertilizer for the nursery stock are changed into twice of the original watering amount and fertilizing amount.
And before the fifth step of bed changing and transplanting, cutting off one third of the total amount of the branches and leaves at the top of the nursery stock.
And fifthly, after the beds are changed and transplanted, lifting platforms are built on two sides of the nursery stock and distributed at two ends of the field, and shading cloth is pulled between the lifting platforms to shade two sides of the nursery stock and promote the growth of the nursery stock.
After the technical scheme is implemented, the survival rate of the oak seedlings reaches eighty-five percent.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: a high-survival-rate reinforced planting method for oak seedlings comprises the following specific steps:
first step seed selection and cultivation: firstly, selecting summer oak seeds stored for 2 years, then dispersedly placing the seeds in soil pre-placed in an incubator, then setting the temperature illumination and humidity conditions for normal growth of the summer oak seeds in the incubator, then reducing the temperature of 10 ℃ in the incubator after the seedlings grow out, and continuing to cultivate for 10 days;
the second step of land preparation: selecting a land which is not shielded by high objects around and is close to a water source, loosening and turning soil, wherein the loosening and turning soil is repeatedly carried out twice, fertilizer is put in each loosening and turning process, then a planting pit and a drainage ditch are dug, base fertilizer is poured into the planting pit, the thickness of the base fertilizer is kept at 10 cm, then a layer of humus soil with the thickness of 5 cm is spread on the surface of the base fertilizer, then straw is covered on the land, combustion is carried out, and the process is continuously carried out for 4 times, so that the whole land is sufficient in organic fertilizer, meanwhile, diseases and pests in the soil are killed, and the temperature of the land is raised;
thirdly, seedling planting: bagging all the prepared seedlings in a cultivation box, digging the roots of the seedlings together with cultivated soil, transporting the seedlings to a prepared soil place through a vehicle, keeping the original depth of soil marks of the seedlings, backfilling the excavated soil according to a soil layer rule, filling a long-acting fertilizer simultaneously during backfilling, piling up a small soil pile above a planting pit after the seedlings are completely backfilled, enabling the small soil pile to surround the seedlings, ensuring that the height of the small soil pile is 6 cm lower than the top of the seedlings, enabling the small soil pile to protect the growth of the seedlings, measuring the height of a drop between the top of the seedlings and the small soil pile every 1 month by a planting person, and increasing the height of the small soil pile when the height of the drop is less than 4 cm;
fourthly, seedling cultivation and growth: spraying clear water to branches and trunks of seedlings at 9 am every day, spraying a mixed solution of ammonium nitrate, monopotassium phosphate and water to branches and leaves of seedlings at 7 pm every day, continuously spraying for 4 months, and continuously culturing until the seedling culture growth reaches 120 cm, wherein the mass ratio of the ammonium nitrate to the monopotassium phosphate to the water in the mixed solution is 2: 1: 99;
fifthly, bed changing and transplanting: and (3) selecting a piece of planting land again, wherein the preparation time and conditions of the land are the same as those in the second step, the diameter of the planting pit is twice of that of the planting pit dug in the second step, 10 kilograms of livestock manure is applied to each pit as base fertilizer, then the nursery stock with natural mother soil is transplanted along with the planting pit, after the nursery stock is planted, the fertilization and watering are normally carried out, and 20 centimeters of nutrient soil is filled at the junction position of the bottom of the nursery stock and the ground every 6 months, so that the nutrient soil completely wraps the branches at the bottom of the nursery stock and is compacted for 5 years, and thus, the growing nursery stock branches are buried under the soil, the stability of the nursery stock is enhanced, and the survival rate is enhanced.
Before the first step of seed selection and cultivation, firstly, the selected seeds are scattered and paved on a plate body with a small through hole, the plate body with the small through hole is placed in an incubator, water mist is sprayed on the seeds, and the seeds are stirred by a soft appliance in the spraying process, so that the seeds are fully contacted.
Land preparation needs to be performed within 15 days before the seeds develop seedlings.
The cap bag that the seedling used in the seedling step of planting evenly seted up the invisible pore of naked eye on, simultaneously in using vehicle transportation for the temperature in the space that the seedling is located reduces the temperature that reaches after the seedling grows out in the first step, makes the seedling get into under the condition state that is favorable to growing.
And thirdly, after the seedlings are planted in the planting pits, the long rod bodies are inserted around the planting pits, a through hole is inserted, the through holes are distributed around the planting pits at equal intervals, and water flow penetrates into the soil at the roots of the seedlings when watering is facilitated.
After the seedling is cultivated to reach 50 centimeters in height in the fourth step, the supports in the shape of the built enclosing walls are arranged on the two sides of the seedling, the support is made to be lower than the height of the seedling, then the mountain climbing tigers which are cultivated in advance are planted below the supports, and after the supports are fully climbed by the mountain climbing tigers, the two sides of the growing nursery stock are shielded, so that the nursery stock can grow upwards effectively.
After the parthenocissus tricuspidata is planted on two sides of the nursery stock, the glue and the fertilizer for the nursery stock are changed into twice of the original watering amount and fertilizing amount.
And before the fifth step of bed changing and transplanting, cutting off one third of the total amount of the branches and leaves at the top of the nursery stock.
And fifthly, after the beds are changed and transplanted, lifting platforms are built on two sides of the nursery stock and distributed at two ends of the field, and shading cloth is pulled between the lifting platforms to shade two sides of the nursery stock and promote the growth of the nursery stock.
After the technical scheme is implemented, the survival rate of the oak seedlings reaches nineteen percent.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. A high-survival-rate reinforced planting method for oak seedlings is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
first step seed selection and cultivation: firstly, selecting aesculus kawachii seeds stored for 1 to 2 years, then dispersedly placing the seeds in soil pre-placed in an incubator, then setting the temperature illumination and humidity conditions for normal growth of the aesculus kawachii seeds in the incubator, then reducing the temperature of the incubator by 5 to 10 ℃ after the seeds are cultured until the seedlings grow out, and continuing culturing for 10 days;
the second step of land preparation: selecting a land which is not blocked by high objects around and is close to a water source, loosening and turning soil, wherein the loosening and turning soil is repeatedly carried out twice, fertilizer is put in each loosening and turning process, then a planting pit and a drainage ditch are dug, base fertilizer is poured into the planting pit, the thickness of the base fertilizer is kept at 5-10 cm, then a layer of humus soil with the thickness of 3-5 cm is spread on the surface of the base fertilizer, then straw is covered on the land, and combustion is carried out for 2-4 times;
thirdly, seedling planting: bagging all the prepared seedlings in a cultivation box, digging the roots of the seedlings together with cultivated soil, transporting the seedlings to a prepared soil place through a vehicle, keeping the original depth of soil marks of the seedlings, backfilling the excavated soil according to a soil layer rule, filling a long-acting fertilizer during backfilling, piling small soil piles above planting pits after the seedlings are completely backfilled, enabling the small soil piles to surround the seedlings, ensuring that the height of the small soil piles is 4-6 cm lower than the tops of the seedlings, measuring the height of a drop between the tops of the seedlings and the small soil piles every 1 month by a planting person, and increasing the height of the small soil piles when the height of the drop is less than 4 cm;
fourthly, seedling cultivation and growth: spraying clear water to branches and trunks of seedlings between 6 and 9 am every day, spraying a mixed solution of ammonium nitrate, monopotassium phosphate and water to branches and leaves of seedlings between 5 and 7 pm every day, continuously spraying the mixed solution for 3 to 4 months until the seedlings grow to reach 100 to 120 centimeters;
fifthly, bed changing and transplanting: and (3) selecting a piece of planting land again, wherein the preparation time and conditions of the land are the same as those in the second step, the diameter of the planting pit is twice of that of the planting pit dug in the second step, 5-10 kg of animal manure is applied to each pit as base fertilizer, then the nursery stock with natural mother soil is transplanted along with the planting pit, after the nursery stock is planted, normally fertilizing and watering, and filling 10-20 cm of nutrient soil at the junction position of the bottom of the nursery stock and the ground every 4-6 months, so that the nutrient soil completely wraps the branches at the bottom of the nursery stock, and is compacted for 3-5 years.
2. The reinforced planting method of the oak seedlings with high survival rate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: before the first step of seed selection and cultivation, firstly, the selected seeds are scattered and laid on a plate body with fine through holes, the plate body with the fine through holes is placed in an incubator, water mist is sprayed on the seeds, and the seeds are stirred by using a soft instrument in the spraying process.
3. The reinforced planting method of the oak seedlings with high survival rate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the land preparation requires 7 to 15 days before the seeds develop seedlings.
4. The reinforced planting method of the oak seedlings with high survival rate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the cap bag used by the seedling in the seedling planting step is uniformly provided with pores invisible to naked eyes, and meanwhile, in the transportation process by using a vehicle, the temperature of the space where the seedling is located is higher than the temperature which is reduced after the seedling grows out in the first step.
5. The reinforced planting method of the oak seedlings with high survival rate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and in the third step, after the seedlings are planted in the planting pits, the long rod bodies are inserted around the planting pits, a through hole is inserted, and the through holes are distributed around the planting pits at equal intervals.
6. The reinforced planting method of the oak seedlings with high survival rate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and in the fourth step, after the seedlings are cultivated to reach the height of 40-50 cm, building wall-shaped supports on two sides of the seedlings, enabling the support height of the supports to be lower than the height of the seedlings, planting the pre-cultivated boston ivy below the supports, and shielding two sides of the growing seedlings after the boston ivy climbs the supports.
7. The reinforced planting method of the high-survival-rate oak seedlings according to claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: after the parthenocissus tricuspidata is planted on two sides of the nursery stock, the glue and the fertilizer for the nursery stock are changed into twice of the original watering amount and fertilizing amount.
8. The reinforced planting method of the oak seedlings with high survival rate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and before the fifth step of bed changing and transplanting, cutting off one third of the total amount of the branches and leaves at the top of the nursery stock.
9. The reinforced planting method of the oak seedlings with high survival rate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and after the fifth step of bed changing and transplanting, building lifting platforms on two sides of the nursery stock, distributing the lifting platforms at two ends of the field, and then pulling shading cloth between the lifting platforms to shade two sides of the nursery stock.
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| CN104396534A (en) * | 2014-12-04 | 2015-03-11 | 新疆林业科学院 | Seedling cultivation method for prompting fast growing of young oak |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104396534A (en) * | 2014-12-04 | 2015-03-11 | 新疆林业科学院 | Seedling cultivation method for prompting fast growing of young oak |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 杜梅香: "《常用肥料及科学施用技术》", vol. 1, 甘肃科学技术出版社, pages: 37 * |
| 高山: "栎树实生苗培育技术", 《农业科技与装备》, vol. 1, no. 1, pages 120 - 23 * |
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