CN104379893A - 用于排放物清洁模块的入口模块 - Google Patents

用于排放物清洁模块的入口模块 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104379893A
CN104379893A CN201280073991.5A CN201280073991A CN104379893A CN 104379893 A CN104379893 A CN 104379893A CN 201280073991 A CN201280073991 A CN 201280073991A CN 104379893 A CN104379893 A CN 104379893A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
module
inlet module
pipeline
inlet
band
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201280073991.5A
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English (en)
Inventor
N·尼亚兹
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Perkins Engines Co Ltd
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Perkins Engines Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Perkins Engines Co Ltd filed Critical Perkins Engines Co Ltd
Publication of CN104379893A publication Critical patent/CN104379893A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/0002—Casings; Housings; Frame constructions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/66—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/864—Removing carbon monoxide or hydrocarbons
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R13/00—Elements for body-finishing, identifying, or decorating; Arrangements or adaptations for advertising purposes
    • B60R13/08—Insulating elements, e.g. for sound insulation
    • B60R13/0876—Insulating elements, e.g. for sound insulation for mounting around heat sources, e.g. exhaust pipes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/008—Mounting or arrangement of exhaust sensors in or on exhaust apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/08—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/14—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having thermal insulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/14—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having thermal insulation
    • F01N13/141—Double-walled exhaust pipes or housings
    • F01N13/143—Double-walled exhaust pipes or housings with air filling the space between both walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/18—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/18—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly
    • F01N13/1805—Fixing exhaust manifolds, exhaust pipes or pipe sections to each other, to engine or to vehicle body
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/0233—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles periodically cleaning filter by blowing a gas through the filter in a direction opposite to exhaust flow, e.g. exposing filter to engine air intake
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
    • F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors, e.g. catalysed diesel particulate filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2892—Exhaust flow directors or the like, e.g. upstream of catalytic device
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M15/00—Testing of engines
    • G01M15/04—Testing internal-combustion engines
    • G01M15/10—Testing internal-combustion engines by monitoring exhaust gases or combustion flame
    • G01M15/102—Testing internal-combustion engines by monitoring exhaust gases or combustion flame by monitoring exhaust gases
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K5/00—Casings, cabinets or drawers for electric apparatus
    • H05K5/02—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
    • H05K7/2039—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating characterised by the heat transfer by conduction from the heat generating element to a dissipating body
    • H05K7/20436—Inner thermal coupling elements in heat dissipating housings, e.g. protrusions or depressions integrally formed in the housing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/431—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor
    • B01F25/4313—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor comprising a plurality of stacked ducts having their axes parallel to the tube axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/431—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor
    • B01F25/4317—Profiled elements, e.g. profiled blades, bars, pillars, columns or chevrons
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/431—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor
    • B01F25/43197—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor characterised by the mounting of the baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/431971—Mounted on the wall
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
    • F01N1/08—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by reducing exhaust energy by throttling or whirling
    • F01N1/086—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by reducing exhaust energy by throttling or whirling having means to impart whirling motion to the gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/20—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a flow director or deflector
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2260/00—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for
    • F01N2260/02—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for for cooling the device
    • F01N2260/022—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for for cooling the device using air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2260/00—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for
    • F01N2260/20—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for for heat or sound protection, e.g. using a shield or specially shaped outer surface of exhaust device
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2450/00—Methods or apparatus for fitting, inserting or repairing different elements
    • F01N2450/22—Methods or apparatus for fitting, inserting or repairing different elements by welding or brazing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2470/00—Structure or shape of gas passages, pipes or tubes
    • F01N2470/02—Tubes being perforated
    • F01N2470/04—Tubes being perforated characterised by shape, disposition or dimensions of apertures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2490/00—Structure, disposition or shape of gas-chambers
    • F01N2490/02—Two or more expansion chambers in series connected by means of tubes
    • F01N2490/06—Two or more expansion chambers in series connected by means of tubes the gases flowing longitudinally from inlet to outlet in opposite directions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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Abstract

燃烧发动机的排放物清洁模块(1)可配备有用于引导进气流的入口模块(2)。增加排放物清洁模块内气流的均匀度是比较理想的。描述了一种入口模块，其包括：入口(111)，用于接收来自燃烧发动机的排气；出口(105)，用于引导所述排气进入排放物清洁模块的入口；以及流量分配器(106)，其定位在入口模块的入口与出口之间的排气的流动路径中。流量分配器包括多个孔(114)，在使用中排气从所述孔穿过。本发明会使下游模块内气流的均匀度得到改善。

Description

用于排放物清洁模块的入口模块
技术领域
本发明涉及一种在燃烧发动机的运行期间用于排放流体的清洁的装置。
背景技术
发动机(例如燃烧汽油、柴油或生物燃料的内燃发动机)排出各种有害物质，必须要对其进行处理以满足现行的以及将来的排放法规。最常见的那些物质包括碳氢化合物(HC)、一氧化碳(CO)、单氮氧化物(NOX)以及诸如碳(C)、烟尘成分的微粒物。某些这类物质可以通过细心控制发动机的运行条件来减少，但是通常有必要在发动机的下游提供排放物清洁模块以处理排气中夹带的这类物质的至少某些物质。已知有各种用于减少和/或消除排放物成分的装置。例如，已知提供诸如柴油氧化催化器的氧化装置来减少或消除碳氢化合物(HC)和/或一氧化碳(CO)。氧化装置通常包括催化剂以将这类物质转化成二氧化碳和水，其显著地减少危害性。再例如，排放物清洁模块可包括过滤装置以限制排气中存在的微粒物排放到大气中。过滤装置中收集的烟尘后期必须移除以维持过滤装置的效率。将烟尘从过滤装置移除的方法是本领域熟知的，并且通常称作高温再生。此外，已知利用与排气中夹杂的诸如氨(NH3)的化学物质的催化反应转化成双原子氮(N2)和水(H2O)来减少或消除柴油燃烧排放物中的单氮氧化物(NOX)。通常排气中不存在氨，因此必须在催化剂上游引入氨，典型地通过向排气中注入尿素溶液，其在足够高的温度下分解成氨。
通过这些方法，发动机排放物可得到清洁，也就是说否则将会排入大气的部分有害物质被替代转化成了二氧化碳(CO2)、氮(N2)和水(H2O)。
为确保排放物清洁模块的最有效率的运行，在模块的管道内形成均匀流动的排气是比较理想的。这可允许诸如氧化装置的模块内各级的较好运行。已经发现，连接至供应排气的排放物清洁模块的排气管的几何结构会影响管道内流动的均匀度。这转而会影响排放物清洁模块的有效运行。
在这种背景下，本发明提供一种用于柴油发动机的排放物清洁模块的入口模块。本发明还提供一种包括这样的入口模块的排放物清洁模块。
发明内容
用于燃烧发动机的排放物清洁模块的所述入口模块可包括：
入口，其用于接收来自燃烧发动机的排气；
出口，其用于引导所述排气进入排放物清洁模块的入口；以及
流量分配器，其定位在入口模块的入口与出口之间的排气的流动路径中；
其中，流量分配器包括多个孔，在使用中排气从所述孔穿过。排放物清洁模块可包括如上所述的入口模块。
附图说明
现在将参考附图仅以示例方式描述本发明的一种实施例，附图中：
图1示出排放物清洁模块，本发明的入口模块可连接至此；
图2从另一角度示出图1的排放物清洁模块，示出入口模块；
图3示出入口模块外侧的端视图；
图4示出入口模块内侧的透视图；
图5示出图4的入口模块的分解透视图；
图6示出图4的入口模块的管状部件的透视图；
图7示出图4的管状部件的孔带的布置；
图8示出图7的孔带的孔布置；
图9a示出第一排气管布置，并且图9b和9c示出当使用第一排气管布置供应气体时排放物清洁模块中流动均匀度的比较；
图10a示出第二排气管布置，并且图10b和10c示出当使用第二排气管布置供应气体时排放物清洁模块中流动均匀度的比较；
图11a示出第三排气管布置，并且图11b和11c示出当使用第三排气管布置供应气体时排放物清洁模块中流动均匀度的比较；
图12到14示出当流速和气体温度变化时图1和图2的排放物清洁模块中流动均匀度的比较。
具体实施方式
本发明针对用于与排放物清洁模块1一起使用的入口模块2。
排放物清洁模块1在图1中说明。适合与排放物清洁模块1一起使用的入口模块2在图4中说明，并且在图2和图3中示出将其连接至排放物清洁模块1。
排放物清洁模块1可包括第一管道10、第二管道20、第三管道30以及支撑结构40。支撑结构40可包括第一支撑部件50和第二支撑部件60。
各个支撑部件50、60可以是大致平面并且可以由刚性材料制成，例如金属。
第一、二和三管道10、20、30可以是细长的，具有伸长轴线，并且可具有沿伸长轴线大致恒定的横截面。第一、二和三管道10、20、30可以是大致圆柱形的。
第一管道10可包括向管道提供入口的第一端11和向管道提供出口的第二端12。第二管道20可包括向管道提供出口的第一端21和向管道提供入口的第二端22。第三管道30可包括向管道提供入口的第一端31和向管道提供出口的第二端32。
管道10、20、30可在支撑部件50、60之间延伸。管道10、20、30通常可以是大致平行的。第一、第二、第三管道10、20、30的第一端11、21、31可分别地接收在第一支撑部件50的第一、第二、第三开口(未示出)中，并且可被成形为分别对应于第一支撑部件50的第一、第二、第三开口(未示出)。第一、第二、第三管道10、20、30的第二端12、22、32可分别地接收在第二支撑部件60的第一、第二、第三开口(未示出)中，并且可被成形为分别对应于第二支撑部件60的第一、第二、第三开口(未示出)。通过这种布置，可以限制管道的横向运动。
管道10、20、30可以都具有大致类似的长度。第一管道10可具有第一直径，第二管道20可具有第二直径并且第三管道30可具有第三直径。第二直径可小于第一和第三直径。
管道10、20、30的第一端和第二端11、21、31、12、22、32可以被焊接、粘附或以其它方式固定至支撑部件50、60的限定或围绕开口的部分。可替代地，管道10、20、30的第一端和第二端11、21、31、12、22、32可邻接支撑部件50、60的内侧以便覆在支撑部件50、60中相应的开口上。
第一、第二、第三管道10、20、30与第一和第二支撑部件50、60可按限制这些组件的相对平移运动的方式互相连接。此外或替代地，第一、第二、第三管道10、20、30与第一和第二支撑部件50、60可按限制某一组件相对于另一组件的旋转运动的方式互相连接。
第一管道10可经由第一端联结件15结合至第二管道20，用于将第一管道的出口流体地连接至第二管道的入口。第一端联结件15可包括注射器模块16。第二管道20可经由第二端联结件25结合至第三管道30，用于将第二管道的出口流体地连接至第三管道的入口。各个第一端联结件和第二端联结件可与其相应的支撑部件结合限定流动路径，排气可通过所述流动路径在相邻管道之间通过。
入口模块2可连接至第一管道10的第一端11，或以其它方式与第一管道10的第一端11集成，使得流体可从入口模块2通过进入第一管道10的第一部分。入口模块2可以用来产生跨过第一管道10的横截面的更加均匀的流体流(诸如排气)。可替代地，入口模块2可连接至支撑部件50，或以其它方式与支撑部件50集成，并可布置在该支撑部件中的第一开口上面。
入口模块2可包括限定腔101的外壳100，在所述腔101中可布置有流量分配器106。外壳100可以是端盖的形式，所述端盖可包括封闭端面103和相依的侧壁104。可替代地，外壳可以是圆顶形状。端盖的横截面可以是大致圆形。与封闭端面103相对的端盖的一端可以是打开的，其可限定入口模块2的出口105。侧壁104的边缘107可以配备有紧固机构用于将入口模块2连接至第一管道10的第一端11或连接至支撑部件50。紧固机构可以是例如螺纹螺钉配合或夹紧机构。可提供有密封部件插入在入口模块2与第一管道10的第一端11之间，所述密封部件可有助于在入口模块与第一管道10之间提供流体紧密密封。可替代地，入口模块2可通过例如焊接或过盈推入配合与第一端11集成。
流量分配器106可包括管状部件108，其可延伸至少部分进入或跨过外壳100中的腔101。管状部件108可包括开放第一端109。第一端109其自身可限定入口模块2的入口。可替代地，并且如图所示的，可提供成形连接器110附接至管状部件的第一端109。成形连接器110可限定入口模块2的入口111并且可被限定大小和形状以便配置成连接至燃烧发动机的排气管道或软管。
管状部件108可布置成横向于端盖，如图4和5所示。管状部件108可朝着端件113延伸穿过在端盖的某点处形成于侧壁104中的第一侧壁孔120并与端件113接触，所述端件113其自身可被接收于在端盖的相对侧的某点处的端盖的第二侧壁孔121中。端件113可用来关闭与开放第一端109相对的管状部件108的开放第二端112。管状部件108可与封闭端面103隔开。管状部件108可以形成结构部件，其可用来加强端盖。可替代地，第二端112可对着侧壁的内表面定位并可被固定位置以限制这些零件的相对运动。
管状部件108可限定管状部件108内的管道，在使用中排气可通过所述管道流动。管状部件108可配置成在其垂直于管状部件108的伸长轴线的横向平面中具有大致椭圆形的横截面形状。这可允许对于端盖的较小的深度。
管状部件108可由冲压和轧制不锈钢形成，其可被焊接以形成闭合管状型材。可替代地，其可以是挤压的或铸造的。
管状部分108可包括：第一面108a，其可指向端盖的出口105；和相对的第二面108b，其可指向端盖的封闭端面103。第一面和第二面可由管状部件108的弯曲侧面部分108c连接。面108a和108b可以是平的或大致平的。
流量分配器106可包括多个孔114，在使用中排气通过所述孔进入腔101。这里可提供有大量的孔114。孔114可提供在管状部件108中并且可布置成具有预先限定孔区域的多个带，所述孔区域可根据带的位置变化。各个带中孔114的数量、各个带中孔114的大小和/或各个带中孔114的间隔可以是变化的，使得离开流量分配器106的排气的通过阻力可配置成在带之间变化。
在图4到图8的仅以示例方式说明的实施例中，在各个带中孔114的数量和/或间隔是变化的。如图7和图8所示，可提供三种带样式A、B、C。
A式带可提供有直径5mm的孔114a，这里孔114a可布置成排。各排中的孔114a的中心到中心间隔可以是15mm。排可具有7.5mm的间隔。因此，带的开孔率(定义为带中孔的面积总和占带的总面积的百分比)可以为17.5％。A式带对流出气体可相对地表现出中等阻力。所述带的开孔率可以为10％到25％。
B式带可提供有直径5mm的孔114b，这里孔114b可布置成排。各排中的孔114b的中心到中心间隔可为15mm。排可具有15mm的间隔。因此，带的开孔率可以为8.75％。B式带对流出气体可相对地表现出高阻力。所述带的开孔率可以为5％到12％。B式带的开孔率可以为A式带的一半。
C式带可提供有直径5mm的孔114c，这里孔114c可布置成排。各排中的孔114c的中心到中心间隔可为7.5mm。排可具有7.5mm的间隔。因此，带的开孔率(定义为带中孔的面积总和占带的总面积的百分比)可以为35％。C式带对流出气体可相对地表现出低阻力。所述带的开孔率可以为20％到50％。C式带的开孔率可以为A式带的两倍。
管状部件108的第一面108a可在最接近第一端109处提供有A式带，并在最接近第二端112处提供有B式带。A式带可延伸管状部件108的长度的约三分之二，而B式带可延伸所述长度的约三分之一。
管状部件108的第二面108b可在最接近第一端109处提供有C式带，并在最接近第二端112处提供有A式带。C式带可延伸管状部件108的长度的约三分之二，而A式带可延伸所述长度的约三分之一。
类似地，管状部件108的弯曲侧面部分108c可在最接近第一端109处提供有C式带，并在最接近第二端112处提供有A式带。C式带可延伸管状部件108的长度的约三分之二，而A式带可延伸所述长度的约三分之一。
虽然不希望受理论限制，但是认为当面向端盖的封闭端103定位的带具有最大的开孔率时可获得更加均匀的流动。这会允许排气的更大比例的进入气流被端盖的封闭端面103反射，其可允许在气流进入排放物清洁模块1的第一管道10的入口11时增强流动的混合和均匀度。
如图9到14所示，入口模块2可用来产生跨过第一管道10的横截面的更加均匀的流体流动(例如排气)。跨过管道横截面的气流的均匀度可由伽玛均匀度指数γ表示：
γ = 1 - 1 2 Σ i = 1 n | v i - v ‾ | A i v ‾ · A
其中：
n为基质横截面中通道的数量；
vi为通道i中的速度；
为整个基质横截面上的平均速度；
Ai为通道横截面面积；
A为基质横截面面积。
图9a、10a和11a示出排气管130的三种不同配置，所述排气管130可连接至入口模块2的成形连接器110。在图9a中，所连接的管130a是相对直的，仅在成形连接器110附近有稍微的弯道(dog-leg)。在图10a中，所连接的管130b在至成形连接器110的路径上包括90度弯。在图11a中，所连接的管130c在至成形连接器110的路径上包括两个90度弯。
图9c、10c和11c示出在带有标准端盖不带有流量分配器106时所述三种配置各自的流动均匀度。图9b、10b和11b示出在使用本发明的入口模块102时所述三种配置各自的流动均匀度。伽玛均匀度指数见下表：
可以看出，入口模块2的使用可有利地显著地增加跨横截面流动的均匀度。其还可有利地产生独立于上游排气管130的几何配置的高度均匀的流动。
如图12到14所示，入口模块2的使用可有利地产生独立于温度和/或排气的流速的高均匀度的流动。伽玛均匀度指数见下表：
可以看出，即使排气的温度和流速是变化的，入口模块2的使用可有利地显著地增加跨横截面流动的均匀度。
用于来自排放物清洁模块1的流体的出口可提供在第三管道的第二端32处，使得流体可从排放物清洁模块1释放，可能进入大气。出口可包括流量分配器，其也可以是图4中所示的样式。
在排放物清洁模块1的流体流动路径内可定位有柴油氧化催化器(DOC)模块、柴油微粒过滤器(DPF)模块、注射器模块、混合器模块、选择性催化还原(SCR)模块以及氨氧化催化器(AMOX)模块。
DOC模块可朝第一管道10的第一(入口)端11定位在第一管道10的第一部分中。DPF模块可朝第一管道10的第二(出口)端12定位在第一管道10的第二部分。第一端联结件15可提供从第一管道10的第二端12到第二管道20的第二端22的流体流动路径。第一端联结件15可包括注射器模块16。
混合器模块可定位在第二管道20中。混合器模块可配置成混合由注射器模块16注入的流体与来自第一管道10的流体。混合器模块可包括多个特征，例如分散的叶片，其可使注入的流体与来自管道10的流体均匀地混合。第二端联结件25可提供从第二管道的第一端到第三管道的第一端的流体流动路径。
SCR模块可朝第三管道30的第一端31定位在第三管道30的第一部分中。SCR模块可包括催化剂表面，其用来在混合器模块中混合并由扩散器输出的两种流体之间催化发生反应。AMOX模块可都朝第三管道30的第二端32定位在第三管道30的第二部分中。AMOX模块可包括催化剂，其可催化从SCR模块输出的一种或多种产物的反应。
排放物清洁模块1可包括用于感测排放物清洁模块1中的一种或多种状态(例如温度或NOX的量)的一个或多个传感器。各个传感器可穿透排放物清洁模块的管道10、20、30，使得传感器的那些不需要定位在待测容积内的元件(即，电子组件)可定位在管道10、20、30的外部表面上。以这种方式，传感器的感应元件可远离管道内可能发生的高温定位。可布置传感器使得传感器的那些定位在第三管道外部表面上的元件可以倾斜于与第三管道的伸长轴线平行的线的方式分布。这会允许增加的空气流以便减少否则可能由于热对传感器造成的损害。
在使用中，流体(例如排气)可经由入口模块2供应至排放物清洁模块1。
流体可通过由成形连接器110限定的入口111进入入口模块2。流体然后可沿由管状部件108限定的管道穿过管状部件的第一端109。随着流体穿过管道其可通过孔114流出进入端盖的腔101。从腔101，流体可通过出口105离开进入第一管道10的入口。由于可对离开管状部件108的流体的流动呈现不同的阻力的管状部件108的多个带，流量分配器106可产生更加均匀的流体流进入第一管道11。这会具有这样的优点，即到达第一以及随后模块(例如柴油氧化催化器(DOC)模块和柴油微粒过滤器(DPF)模块)的流体流更加均匀。因此，可以通过这些模块实现对流体的更有效的处理。
流体可进入第一管道10的第一部分中的DOC模块。在入口模块2处接收之前，流体压力可由背压阀控制。
DOC模块可包括一种或多种催化剂，例如钯和铂。这些材料充当催化剂以引起流体流中存在的碳氢化合物(HC)和一氧化碳(CO)的氧化，来产生二氧化碳(CO2)和水(H2O)。为了增加催化剂在催化反应中的效率，催化剂可以某种方式分布以便最大化催化材料的表面面积。
流体可从DOC模块流向DPF模块，所述DPF模块包括为了防止烟尘形式的碳(C)的向前通过的特征。从而可在过滤器中捕获流体中的碳颗粒。过滤器可通过已知的再生技术再生。这些技术可包含控制流体的温度、流体的压力以及流体中未燃烧燃料的比例中的一种或多种。
流体可从DOC模块通过，进入定位在第一端联结件15内的注射器模块16中。注射器模块16可联接或附接至泵电子罐单元(PETU)。泵电子罐单元可包括用于为待注射流体(通过注射器注射)提供容器的罐。这种流体可包括尿素或氨。罐可包括具有第一横截面面积的下部和具有第二横截面面积的上部。第二横截面面积可小于第一横截面面积。第一部分与第二部分之间横截面面积的差异可提供容积以容纳PETU的额外组件。与组件被简单地附接至罐的其它外表面相比，这可以提供更好的保护。
PETU还可包括控制器，其配置成控制要被注射器从罐注射的流体的体积。控制器可具有可从SCR模块中的传感器导出的例如温度信息和NOX的量的信息作为输入。
流体可从注射器模块16通过，进入定位在第二管道20中的混合器模块中。混合器模块可包括确保源于第一管道10的流体与源于注射器16的流体良好混合的特征。
流体可从注射器模块16通过，经由第二端联结件25进入定位在第三管道的第一部分中的SCR模块中。SCR模块可包括一种或多种催化剂，排气与尿素/氨的混合物可通过所述催化剂流过。随着混合物流过催化剂的表面，可发生反应将氨和NOX转化成双原子氮(N2)和水(H2O)。
流体可从SCR模块通过，来到定位在第三管道30的第二部分中的AMOX模块。AMOX模块可包括氧化催化剂，其可使存在于从SCR模块离开的流体中的残留氨发生反应以产生氮气(N2)和(H2O)。
流体可从AMOX模块通过，来到定位在第三管道30的第二端32处的排放物清洁模块出口。
在上述中，已将流量分配器106描述为管状部件108。可替代地，流量分配器106可以采取另外的几何形式，例如可将入口模块2的腔101分成两个或更多个部分的壁或隔板。
工业实用性
本发明在改善排气进入排放物清洁模块的入口流动中找到应用。

Claims (15)

1.一种入口模块，其用于燃烧发动机的排放物清洁模块，所述入口模块包括：
入口，其用于接收来自燃烧发动机的排气；
出口，其用于引导所述排气进入排放物清洁模块的入口；以及
流量分配器，其定位在入口模块的入口与出口之间的排气的流动路径中；
其中，流量分配器包括多个孔，在使用中排气从所述孔穿过。
2.如权利要求1所述的入口模块，还包括能够对排放物清洁模块的入口进行密封的密封面。
3.如权利要求1或权利要求2所述的入口模块，还包括限定腔的外壳，流量分配器的至少部分定位在所述腔中。
4.如权利要求3所述的入口模块，其中，外壳中的开口限定入口模块的出口。
5.如权利要求3或权利要求4所述的入口模块，其中，外壳形成端盖的至少部分，用于连接至排放物清洁模块的入口。
6.如权利要求5所述的入口模块，其中，端盖包括端壁和侧壁，侧壁限定端盖的开口。
7.如前面任意一项权利要求所述的入口模块，其中，流量分配器形成端盖的结构部件。
8.如前面任意一项权利要求所述的入口模块，其中，流量分配器包括管道。
9.如权利要求8所述的入口模块，其中，管道包括管状部件，管状部件包括用于接收来自燃烧发动机的所述排气的打开的第一端和其中定位有多个孔的壁。
10.如权利要求8或权利要求9所述的入口模块，其中，管道包括椭圆形横截面形状。
11.如前面任意一项权利要求所述的入口模块，其中，流量分配器包括多个带，其中，排气通过的阻力在带之间变化。
12.如权利要求11所述的入口模块，其中，排气通过的阻力变化通过改变以下中的一个或多个实现：各个带中孔的数量、各个带中孔的大小、各个带中孔的间隔。
13.如权利要求12所述的入口模块，至少包括第一带，其具有5％至12％的开孔率。
14.如权利要求12或权利要求13所述的入口模块，至少包括第二带，其具有10％至25％的开孔率。
15.如权利要求12至权利要求14中的任意一项所述的入口模块，至少包括第三带，其具有20％至50％的开孔率。
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