CN104246163B - 排放物清洁模块 - Google Patents

排放物清洁模块 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104246163B
CN104246163B CN201280072574.9A CN201280072574A CN104246163B CN 104246163 B CN104246163 B CN 104246163B CN 201280072574 A CN201280072574 A CN 201280072574A CN 104246163 B CN104246163 B CN 104246163B
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China
Prior art keywords
module
low pressure
conduit
emission cleaning
pressure chamber
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Application number
CN201280072574.9A
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English (en)
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CN104246163A (zh
Inventor
N·尼亚兹
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Perkins Engines Co Ltd
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Perkins Engines Co Ltd
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Publication of CN104246163A publication Critical patent/CN104246163A/zh
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/0002—Casings; Housings; Frame constructions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/66—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/864—Removing carbon monoxide or hydrocarbons
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R13/00—Elements for body-finishing, identifying, or decorating; Arrangements or adaptations for advertising purposes
    • B60R13/08—Insulating elements, e.g. for sound insulation
    • B60R13/0876—Insulating elements, e.g. for sound insulation for mounting around heat sources, e.g. exhaust pipes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/008—Mounting or arrangement of exhaust sensors in or on exhaust apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/08—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/14—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having thermal insulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/14—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having thermal insulation
    • F01N13/141—Double-walled exhaust pipes or housings
    • F01N13/143—Double-walled exhaust pipes or housings with air filling the space between both walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/18—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/18—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly
    • F01N13/1805—Fixing exhaust manifolds, exhaust pipes or pipe sections to each other, to engine or to vehicle body
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/0233—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles periodically cleaning filter by blowing a gas through the filter in a direction opposite to exhaust flow, e.g. exposing filter to engine air intake
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
    • F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors, e.g. catalysed diesel particulate filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2892—Exhaust flow directors or the like, e.g. upstream of catalytic device
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M15/00—Testing of engines
    • G01M15/04—Testing internal-combustion engines
    • G01M15/10—Testing internal-combustion engines by monitoring exhaust gases or combustion flame
    • G01M15/102—Testing internal-combustion engines by monitoring exhaust gases or combustion flame by monitoring exhaust gases
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K5/00—Casings, cabinets or drawers for electric apparatus
    • H05K5/02—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
    • H05K7/2039—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating characterised by the heat transfer by conduction from the heat generating element to a dissipating body
    • H05K7/20436—Inner thermal coupling elements in heat dissipating housings, e.g. protrusions or depressions integrally formed in the housing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/431—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor
    • B01F25/4313—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor comprising a plurality of stacked ducts having their axes parallel to the tube axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/431—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor
    • B01F25/4317—Profiled elements, e.g. profiled blades, bars, pillars, columns or chevrons
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/431—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor
    • B01F25/43197—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor characterised by the mounting of the baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/431971—Mounted on the wall
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
    • F01N1/08—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by reducing exhaust energy by throttling or whirling
    • F01N1/086—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by reducing exhaust energy by throttling or whirling having means to impart whirling motion to the gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/20—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a flow director or deflector
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2260/00—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for
    • F01N2260/02—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for for cooling the device
    • F01N2260/022—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for for cooling the device using air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2260/00—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for
    • F01N2260/20—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for for heat or sound protection, e.g. using a shield or specially shaped outer surface of exhaust device
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2450/00—Methods or apparatus for fitting, inserting or repairing different elements
    • F01N2450/22—Methods or apparatus for fitting, inserting or repairing different elements by welding or brazing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2470/00—Structure or shape of gas passages, pipes or tubes
    • F01N2470/02—Tubes being perforated
    • F01N2470/04—Tubes being perforated characterised by shape, disposition or dimensions of apertures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2490/00—Structure, disposition or shape of gas-chambers
    • F01N2490/02—Two or more expansion chambers in series connected by means of tubes
    • F01N2490/06—Two or more expansion chambers in series connected by means of tubes the gases flowing longitudinally from inlet to outlet in opposite directions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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Abstract

提供一种排放物清洁模块(1)，其包括流动导管(10，15)，该流动导管具有流体地连接至排放流体源的上游端和流体地连接至混合器模块(75)的下游端。提供喷射器模块(16)，其具有定向为在混合器模块(75)上游将喷射流体喷射到流动导管(10，15)内的出口(130)。还提供位于喷射器模块出口(130)的下游的低压腔(120)。低压腔(120)通过开口嘴(114)流体地连接至流动导管(10，15)或混合器模块(75)，开口嘴(114)定向为使得在使用中沿着流动导管(10，15)的排放流体流流过开口嘴(114)，由此在低压腔(120)内形成压强下降。还描述一种喷射方法。

Description

排放物清洁模块
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于清洁在燃烧发动机的操作过程中排出的流体的设备。
背景技术
例如燃烧汽油、柴油或生物燃料的IC发动机等发动机输出多种有害物质，这些有害物质必须被处理以满足当前和将来的排放法规。最常见的这些物质包括碳氢化合物(HC)、一氧化碳(CO)、单氮氧化物(NOX)和诸如作为煤烟的组分的碳(C)等颗粒物质。这些物质中的一些可以通过仔细地控制发动机的运行状况来减少，但通常必须在发动机的下游提供排放物清洁模块以处理排气中夹带的至少一些这些物质。用于减少和/或消除排放物中的组分的多种设备是已知的。例如，已知提供一种氧化装置，诸如柴油氧化催化剂，以减少或消除碳氢化合物(HC)和/或一氧化碳(CO)。氧化装置通常包括将这些物质转化为有害程度显著降低的二氧化碳和水的催化剂。作为进一步的例子，排放物清洁模块可以包括颗粒过滤器以限制排气中存在的颗粒输出至大气。
通过使用排放物清洁模块，发动机排放物能够被清洁，意味着否则将释放至大气的一定比例的有害物质替代地转化为二氧化碳(CO2)、氮气(N2)和水(H2O)。
另外，已知通过与诸如排气中夹带的氨(NH3)等化学物催化反应转化为双原子氮(N2)和水(H2O)来减少或消除柴油燃烧排放物中的单氮氧化物(NOX)。通常，排气中不存在氨并且因此必须在催化剂上游引入，典型地通过将尿素溶液喷射到排气中，其在足够高的温度下分解为氨。
通过这些方法，发动机排放物能够被清洁，意味着否则将释放至大气的一定比例的有害物质替代地转化为二氧化碳(CO2)、氮气(N2)和水(H2O)。
排放物清洁模块还可以包括用于将诸如尿素等流体喷射到发动机排放物流中的喷射器模块。还已知包括混合器模块以辅助喷射的尿素与发动机排放物流的混合。例如，US2010/0257850描述了一种具有混合器管的排放物清洁模块，尿素喷射到该混合器管中。将喷射的尿素充分地混合到发动机排放物流中是期望的。否则，在排放物清洁模块内能够积聚尿素沉积物。这些沉积物会使排放物清洁模块的性能降级并且可能潜在地干涉或阻止进一步喷射流体的适当混合。
针对该背景，提供一种包括将喷射流体喷射到排放流体流的改进配置的排放物清洁模块。
发明内容
本发明提供一种排放物清洁模块，包括：
流动导管，其具有流体地连接至排放流体源的上游端和流体地连接至混合器模块的下游端；
喷射器模块，其具有定向为在混合器模块上游将喷射流体喷射到流动导管内的出口；和
位于喷射器模块出口下游的低压腔，其中，该低压腔通过开口嘴流体地连接至流动导管或混合器模块，该开口嘴定向为使得在使用中沿着流动导管的排放流体流流过开口嘴，由此在低压腔内形成压强下降。
本发明还提供一种将喷射流体喷射到排放流体流中的方法，包括以下步骤：
将排放流体流设置为从上游源经过导管到下游混合器模块；
在喷射位置处将喷射流体喷射到排放流体流中；以及
在喷射位置下游的排放流体流中形成低压区域；
其中，低压区域是通过使排放流体流流动经过流体地连接至流动导管或混合器模块的低压腔的开口嘴形成的。
附图说明
现在将参照附图仅通过例子来描述本发明，在附图中：
图1示出根据本发明的排放物清洁模块；
图2示出图1的排放物清洁模块的支承框架；
图3示出经过图1的排放物清洁模块的一部分的横截面；
图4示出图1的排放物清洁模块的一部分的立体图；和
图5a和5b示出设置和不设置低压腔的图1的排放物清洁模块的一部分内的对比流体压强。
具体实施方式
图1中图示排放物清洁模块1。
排放物清洁模块1可以包括第一导管10和第二导管20。第三导管30和支承结构40也可以存在。支承结构40包括第一支承构件50和第二支承构件60。
每个支承构件50、60可以是大致平坦的并且可以由例如金属等刚性材料制成。
第一导管10、第二导管20和第三导管30可以是细长的，具有细长轴线，并且可以具有沿着细长轴线基本上恒定的横截面。第一导管10、第二导管20和第三导管30可以是基本柱形的。
第一导管10包括提供到导管的入口的第一端11和提供到导管的出口的第二端12。第二导管20包括提供到导管的出口的第一端21和提供到导管的入口的第二端22。第三导管30可以包括提供到导管的入口的第一端31和提供到导管的出口的第二端。
导管10、20、30可以在支承构件50、60之间延伸。导管10、20、30可以是基本上大致平行的。第一导管10、第二导管20和第三导管30的第一端11、21、31可以分别接收在第一支承构件50的第一开口51、第二开口52和第三开口53中，并且可以成形为分别对应于第一支承构件50的第一开口51、第二开口52和第三开口53。第一导管10、第二导管20和第三导管30的第二端12、22可以分别接收在第二支承构件60的第一开口61、第二开口62和第三开口63中，并且可以成形为分别对应于第二支承构件60的第一开口61、第二开口62和第三开口63。通过这种设置，可以限制导管的侧向运动。
如图2中所示，每个开口51、52、53、61、62、63可以包括围绕开口的周边延伸的凸缘51a、52a、53a、61a、62a、63a。每个支承构件50、60还可以包括围绕支承构件50、60的周边的至少中途延伸的向内翻转的唇缘59、69。
导管10、20、30均可以具有基本相似的长度。第一导管10可以具有第一直径，第二导管20可以具有第二直径并且第三导管30可以具有第三直径。第二直径可以比第一直径和第三直径小。
导管10、20、30的第一端和第二端11、21、31、12、22可以焊接、粘接或以其它方式紧固至支承构件50、60的限定或围绕开口的部分。替代地，导管10、20、30的第一端和第二端11、21、31、12、22可以邻接支承构件50、60的内侧，以便覆盖支承构件50、60中的相应开口。
第一、第二和第三导管10、20、30和第一和第二支承构件50、60可以以限制这些部件的相对平移运动的方式相互连接。替代地或另外，第一、第二和第三导管10、20、30和第一和第二支承构件50、60可以以限制一部件相对于另一部件的旋转运动的方式相互连接。
第一导管10经由第一端部联接器15流体地联接至第二导管20，该第一端部联接器15将第一导管10的出口流体地连接至第二导管20的入口。第一端部联接器15可以包括喷射器模块16。第二导管20可以经由第二端部联接器联接至第三导管30，该第二端部联接器用于将第二导管20的出口流体地连接至第三导管30的入口。第一端部联接器和第二端部联接器中的每个可以结合其对应的支承构件限定流体流动路径，排气可以经过该流体流动路径在相邻的导管之间通过。
在排放物清洁模块的流体流动路径内可以定位有柴油氧化催化(DOC)模块、柴油颗粒过滤器(DPF)模块、喷射器模块16、混合器模块75、选择催化还原(SCR)模块和氨氧化催化(AMOX)模块。
DOC模块可以朝向第一导管10的第一(入口)端11定位在第一导管10的第一部分中。DPF模块可以朝向第一导管10的第二(出口)端12定位在第一导管10的第二部分中。第一端部联接器15可以提供从第一导管12的第二端12到第二导管20的第二端22的流体流动路径。第一端部联接器15可以包括喷射器模块16。
混合器模块75可以位于第二导管20中或者通过第二导管20形成。混合器模块75可以包括外部主体80和位于外部主体80内的内部主体81。外部主体80可以形成第二导管20的外部表皮。在内部主体81和外部主体80之间可以提供空隙88。
外部主体80可以是细长的并且在第一支承件50和第二支承件60之间延伸。外部主体80可以是柱形的并且除了在其可以具有较小直径的端部处之外，可以具有恒定直径。外部主体80的第一端可以固定地保持至第一支承件50。固定可以借助于第一端和凸缘52a之间的焊接。连接可以是到凸缘52a的内面或外面。外部主体80的第二端83可以固定地保持至第二支承件60。固定可以是借助于第二端83和凸缘62a之间的焊接。连接可以是到凸缘62a的内面，如图3所示。这种附接可以形成小的环形缝隙100，在该处，第二端83的端缘邻近凸缘62a定位。
混合器模块75可以被构造成将由喷射器模块16喷射的流体与来自第一导管10的流体混合。混合器模块75可以包括多个特征，诸如散置的翅片，其可以引起喷射的流体与来自第一导管10的流体的均匀混合。
喷射器模块16可以包括具有喷射出口130的喷射器。喷射出口130可以定向为引导喷射的流体沿着混合器模块75的纵向轴线。喷射器模块16可以与泵电子槽单元(PETU)相关联或者可以附接至泵电子槽单元(PETU)。泵电子槽单元可以包括用于提供由喷射器喷射的流体的容器的槽。这种流体可以包括尿素或氨。PETU还可以包括控制器，其构造为控制由喷射器从槽喷射的流体的体积。控制器可以具有作为输入的例如可以从SCR模块中的传感器导出的温度信息和NOX量的信息。
第一端部联接器15可以是流动护罩的形式。第一端部联接器15与第一导管10和混合器模块75一起可以限定用于排放流体的流动导管。第一端部联接器15可以包括使排放流体流的方向从当其离开第一导管10时至当其进入混合器模块75时反向的弯曲部。第一端部联接器15可以包括中央区段145，在该中央区段145中，流体流动方向基本上垂直于第一导管10中的流体流动方向。第一端部联接器15还可以包括邻近第一导管10的第一90°弯曲部146和邻近混合器模块75的第二90°弯曲部147。
喷射器模块16可以安装到第一端部联接器15的开孔中。喷射器模块16可以安装到第二90°弯曲部147的外侧148。
开口62可以限定将第一端部联接器15的第二90°弯曲部147流体地连接至混合器模块75的孔口150。
第一端部联接器15可以连接至第二支承件60的第一侧，混合器模块75可以连接至第二支承件60的第二侧。环绕第二开口62的凸缘62a(如图4所示)可以通过弧形区段110结合至第二支承件60的剩余部分。弧形区段110可以包括三个凹部111、112、113，其可以围绕孔口150的轴线设置。凹部113可以位于第二90°弯曲部147的外侧148上。凹部113可以形成孔口150的局部放大部。
凹部113可以限定低压腔120。第一端部联接器15可以包括凸缘141，其可以部分地覆盖凹部130以帮助限定低压腔120。因此，低压腔120可以通过第二支承件60和第一端部联接器15的相互接合来形成。低压腔120可以通过开口嘴114流体地连接至用于排放流体的流动导管。低压腔120在喷射出口130的下游并且可以位于混合器模块75和环形缝隙100的上游。
第二端部联接器可以提供从第二导管的第一端21到第三导管30的第一端31的流体流动路径。
SCR模块可以朝向第三导管30的第一端31位于第三导管30的第一部分中。SCR模块可以包括意于催化在混合器模块中混合并且由扩散器输出的两种流体之间发生反应的催化表面。AMOX模块可以都朝向第三导管30的第二端位于第三导管30的第二部分中。AMOX模块可以包括催化剂，其可以催化从SCR模块输出的一种或多种产品的反应。
在使用中，排放流体可以经由入口供应至排放物清洁模块1。流体可以在流体导管10的第一部分中通入DOC模块。在入口处接收之前，流体的压强可以通过背压阀控制。
DOC模块可以包括一个或多个催化剂，诸如钯或铂。这些材料用作催化剂以使流体流中存在的碳氢化合物(HC)和一氧化碳(CO)氧化，以产生二氧化碳(CO2)和水(H2O)。催化剂可以以使催化剂材料的表面面积最大化的方式分布，以便增加催化反应中的催化剂的有效性。
流体可以从DOC模块流至DPF模块，DPF模块包括意于阻止煤烟形式的碳(C)继续通过的特征。流体中的碳颗粒由此可以捕获在过滤器中。过滤器可以通过已知的再生技术再生。这些技术可以涉及控制流体的温度、流体的压强和流体中的未燃烧燃料的比例中的一种或多种。
流体可以从DOC通入第一端部联接器15。流体流可以围绕第一90°弯曲部146通入中央区段145，接着通入第二90°弯曲部147。流体通过喷射器模块16的喷射出口130。喷射器模块16可以将例如尿素或氨等喷射流体喷射到流体流中。喷射流体的喷射方向可以是喷入第二开口62的孔口150，并且可以通过低压腔120的开口嘴114。喷射方向可以沿着混合器模块75的轴线。
排放流体流将流经低压腔120的开口嘴114，减小低压腔120内的流体压强。因此，在开口嘴114处或接近开口嘴114的排放流体流(现在包含喷射流体)中形成湍流。该湍流可以改进喷射流体与排放流体流的混合。这可以有助于减少环形缝隙100中来源于喷射流体的沉积物的积聚。
低压腔120的存在效果可以通过图5a和5b的比较看到。图5a图示存在低压腔120时流体流内的压强分布。图5b图示没有这种腔时流体流内的压强分布。低压腔120的存在形成相对低压的局部区域，其可以在环形缝隙100的紧邻上游，这可以导致增强的湍流和混合。
混合器模块75还可以包括用于确保源自第一导管10的流体与源自喷射器16的流体在第二导管20本身内进行进一步混合的特征。
在混合器模块75之后，流体接着可以经过第二端部联接器经由第二端部联接器通入位于第三导管的第一部分中的SCR模块中。SCR模块可以包括一个或多个催化剂，排气和尿素/氨的混合物可以流经催化剂。随着混合物通过催化剂表面，可以发生从氨和NOX转化为双原子氮(N2)和水(H2O)的反应。
流体可以从SCR模块通至位于第三导管30的第二部分中的AMOX模块。AMOX模块可以包括氧化催化剂，其可以使离开SCR模块的流体中存在的残余氨反应以产生氮气(N2)和水(H2O)。
流体可以从AMOX模块通至位于第三导管30的第二端处的排放物清洁模块出口。
工业实用性
本发明提供一种包括用于将喷射流体喷射并混合在排放流体流中的改进配置的排放物清洁模块。特别地，在喷射器出口和混合器模块之间的改进的湍流产生有助于减轻喷射的流体的沉积物积聚的问题。

Claims (16)

1.一种排放物清洁模块，包括：
流动导管，其具有流体地连接至排放流体源的上游端、弯曲部、和流体地连接至混合器模块的下游端；
喷射器模块，其具有定向为在混合器模块上游将喷射流体喷射到流动导管内的出口，喷射器模块出口位于弯曲部的外侧上；和
低压腔，其在喷射器模块出口下游通过位于弯曲部的外侧上的开口嘴流体地连接至流动导管或混合器模块，该开口嘴定向为使得在使用中沿着流动导管的排放流体流流过开口嘴，由此在低压腔内形成压强下降。
2.根据权利要求1所述的排放物清洁模块，其中，低压腔位于喷射器模块出口和混合器模块之间。
3.根据权利要求1所述的排放物清洁模块，其中，弯曲部延伸经过至少90°。
4.根据权利要求1所述的排放物清洁模块，其中，流体地连接至排放流体源的上游端包括流动护罩。
5.根据权利要求4所述的排放物清洁模块，还包括支承流动护罩和混合器模块的支承件。
6.根据权利要求5所述的排放物清洁模块，其中，支承件将流动护罩流体地连接至混合器模块。
7.根据权利要求5所述的排放物清洁模块，其中，流动护罩联接至支承件的第一侧，混合器模块联接至支承件的第二侧。
8.根据权利要求5所述的排放物清洁模块，其中，低压腔至少部分地由支承件形成。
9.根据权利要求8所述的排放物清洁模块，其中，支承件包括孔口，在使用中排放流体流能够通过该孔口，低压腔至少部分地由孔口的局部放大部形成。
10.根据权利要求8所述的排放物清洁模块，其中，低压腔由支承件和流动护罩的相互接合形成。
11.根据权利要求10所述的排放物清洁模块，其中，低压腔由支承件中的凹部和流动护罩的凸缘形成，其中，该凸缘至少部分地覆盖凹部。
12.根据权利要求4所述的排放物清洁模块，其中，喷射器模块安装至流动护罩。
13.根据权利要求12所述的排放物清洁模块，其中，喷射器模块出口沿着混合器模块的纵向轴线指引。
14.根据权利要求1所述的排放物清洁模块，其中，喷射器模块是尿素或氨喷射器。
15.一种将喷射流体喷射到排放流体流中的方法，包括以下步骤：
将排放流体流设置为从上游源经过导管并经过导管中的弯曲部到下游混合器模块；
在喷射位置处将喷射流体从弯曲部的外侧喷射到排放流体流中；以及
在喷射位置下游沿着弯曲部的外侧的排放流体流中形成低压区域；
其中，低压区域是通过使排放流体流在喷射位置下游流动经过流体地连接至流动导管或混合器模块的低压腔的开口嘴形成在弯曲部的外侧上的。
16.根据权利要求15所述的方法，其中，低压腔位于喷射位置和混合器模块之间。
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