CN104271914A - 排放物清洁模块 - Google Patents

排放物清洁模块 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104271914A
CN104271914A CN201280072603.1A CN201280072603A CN104271914A CN 104271914 A CN104271914 A CN 104271914A CN 201280072603 A CN201280072603 A CN 201280072603A CN 104271914 A CN104271914 A CN 104271914A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
conduit
flow
module
effulent cleaning
fluid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201280072603.1A
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English (en)
Inventor
N·尼亚兹
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Perkins Engines Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Perkins Engines Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Perkins Engines Co Ltd filed Critical Perkins Engines Co Ltd
Publication of CN104271914A publication Critical patent/CN104271914A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/0002—Casings; Housings; Frame constructions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/66—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/864—Removing carbon monoxide or hydrocarbons
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R13/00—Elements for body-finishing, identifying, or decorating; Arrangements or adaptations for advertising purposes
    • B60R13/08—Insulating elements, e.g. for sound insulation
    • B60R13/0876—Insulating elements, e.g. for sound insulation for mounting around heat sources, e.g. exhaust pipes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/008—Mounting or arrangement of exhaust sensors in or on exhaust apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/08—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/14—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having thermal insulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/14—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having thermal insulation
    • F01N13/141—Double-walled exhaust pipes or housings
    • F01N13/143—Double-walled exhaust pipes or housings with air filling the space between both walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/18—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/18—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly
    • F01N13/1805—Fixing exhaust manifolds, exhaust pipes or pipe sections to each other, to engine or to vehicle body
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/0233—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles periodically cleaning filter by blowing a gas through the filter in a direction opposite to exhaust flow, e.g. exposing filter to engine air intake
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
    • F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors, e.g. catalysed diesel particulate filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2892—Exhaust flow directors or the like, e.g. upstream of catalytic device
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M15/00—Testing of engines
    • G01M15/04—Testing internal-combustion engines
    • G01M15/10—Testing internal-combustion engines by monitoring exhaust gases or combustion flame
    • G01M15/102—Testing internal-combustion engines by monitoring exhaust gases or combustion flame by monitoring exhaust gases
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K5/00—Casings, cabinets or drawers for electric apparatus
    • H05K5/02—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
    • H05K7/2039—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating characterised by the heat transfer by conduction from the heat generating element to a dissipating body
    • H05K7/20436—Inner thermal coupling elements in heat dissipating housings, e.g. protrusions or depressions integrally formed in the housing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/431—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor
    • B01F25/4313—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor comprising a plurality of stacked ducts having their axes parallel to the tube axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/431—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor
    • B01F25/4317—Profiled elements, e.g. profiled blades, bars, pillars, columns or chevrons
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/431—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor
    • B01F25/43197—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor characterised by the mounting of the baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/431971—Mounted on the wall
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
    • F01N1/08—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by reducing exhaust energy by throttling or whirling
    • F01N1/086—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by reducing exhaust energy by throttling or whirling having means to impart whirling motion to the gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/20—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a flow director or deflector
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2260/00—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for
    • F01N2260/02—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for for cooling the device
    • F01N2260/022—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for for cooling the device using air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2260/00—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for
    • F01N2260/20—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for for heat or sound protection, e.g. using a shield or specially shaped outer surface of exhaust device
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2450/00—Methods or apparatus for fitting, inserting or repairing different elements
    • F01N2450/22—Methods or apparatus for fitting, inserting or repairing different elements by welding or brazing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2470/00—Structure or shape of gas passages, pipes or tubes
    • F01N2470/02—Tubes being perforated
    • F01N2470/04—Tubes being perforated characterised by shape, disposition or dimensions of apertures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2490/00—Structure, disposition or shape of gas-chambers
    • F01N2490/02—Two or more expansion chambers in series connected by means of tubes
    • F01N2490/06—Two or more expansion chambers in series connected by means of tubes the gases flowing longitudinally from inlet to outlet in opposite directions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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Abstract

提供一种排放物清洁模块(1)，其包括：具有流体连接到排放流体源的上游端和流体连接到混合器模块(75)的下游端(12)的流动导管(10、15)。流动导管(10、15)包括混合器模块(75)上游的弯曲部。流动导管的弯曲部(145、146)的内侧包括漏斗部分(111、112)。排放物清洁模块(1)提供用于排放流体流动的改善配置。

Description

排放物清洁模块
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于清洁燃烧发动机的操作期间排出的流体的设备。
背景技术
例如燃烧汽油、柴油或生物燃料的IC发动机的发动机输出多种有害物质，这些有害物质必须被处理以满足当前和将来排放物立法。大多数常见的这些物质包括碳氢化合物(HC)、一氧化碳(CO)、单氮氧化物(NOx)和例如碳(C)(烟灰组分)的颗粒物质。一些这些物质可通过仔细控制发动机的操作状况来减少，但是通常需要在发动机的下游提供排放物清洁模块以处理夹带在排气中的至少一些这些物质。用于减少和/或消除排放物中的组分的多种设备是已知的。例如，已知的是提供氧化装置，例如柴油氧化催化剂，以减少或消除碳氢化合物(HC)和/或一氧化碳(CO)。氧化装置通常包括将这些物质转换成不是显著有害的二氧化碳和水的催化剂。作为进一步例子，排放物清洁模块可包括颗粒过滤器以限制排气中存在的颗粒输出到大气。
通过使用排放物清洁模块，发动机排放物可以被清洁，指的是否则会释放到大气的有害物质的一部分相反转换成二氧化碳(CO2)、氮(N2)和水(H2O)。
另外，已知通过与例如夹带在排气中的氨(NH3)的化学物催化反应转换成双原子氮(N2)和水(H2O)来减少或消除柴油燃烧排放物中的单氮氧化物(NOx)。通常氨不存在于排气中，并因此必须在催化剂的上游引入，通常通过将尿素溶液喷射到排气中，其在足够高的温度下分解成氨。
通过这些方法，发动机排放物可以被清洁，意味着否则会释放到大气的有害物质的一部分被相反转换成二氧化碳(CO2)、氮(N2)和水(H2O)。
排放物清洁模块还可包括用于将例如尿素的流体喷射到发动机排放物流中的喷射器模块。还已知的是包括混合器模块来帮助喷射的尿素与发动机排放物流混合。例如，US2010/0257850描述一种具有尿素喷射到其中的混合器管的排放物清洁模块。希望的是将喷射的尿素完全混合到发动机排放物流中。否则，尿素的沉积物会积累在排放物清洁模块内。这些沉积物会降级排放物清洁模块的性能，并可以潜在地与进一步喷射流体的适当混合干涉或阻止进一步喷射流体的适当混合。
与此背景技术不同，提供一种包括将喷射流体喷射到排放流体流的改善配置的排放物清洁模块。
发明内容
本发明提供一种排放物清洁模块，包括：
流动导管，其具有流体连接到排放流体源的上游端和流体连接到混合器模块的下游端；
流动导管包括混合器模块上游的弯曲部；
其中流动导管的弯曲部的内侧包括漏斗部分。
附图说明
现在将只通过例子参考附图描述本发明，附图中：
图1示出根据本发明的排放物清洁模块；
图2示出图1的排放物清洁模块的支承框架；
图3示出图1的排放物清洁模块的一部分的透视图；
图4示出经过图1的排放物清洁模块的一部分的横截面；
图5示出来自第一侧的图1的排放物清洁模块的第二支承板；
图6示出来自第二侧的图5的第二支承板；
图7示出来自第一侧的第一支承板的另一实施方式；
图8示出来自第二侧的图7的第一支承板；
图9和10示出设置和不设置漏斗部分的图1的排放物清洁模块的一部分内的对比流体压力。
具体实施方式
排放物清洁模块1在图1中示出。
排放物清洁模块1可包括第一导管10和第二导管20。也可具有第三导管30和支承结构40。支承结构40包括第一支承构件50和第二支承构件60。
每个支承构件50、60可以是大致平面的，并且可由例如金属的刚性材料制成。
第一、第二和第三导管10、20和30可以是细长的，具有细长轴线，并且可以具有沿着细长的轴线大致恒定的横截面。第一、第二和第三导管10、20和30可以是大致筒形的。
第一导管10包括为导管提供入口的第一端11和为导管提供出口的第二端12。第二导管20包括为导管提供出口的第一端21和为导管提供入口的第二端22。第三导管30可包括为导管提供入口的第一端31和为导管提供出口的第二端。
导管10、20、30可在支承构件50、60之间延伸。导管10、20、30可以是基本上大致平行的。第一、第二和第三导管10、20、30的第一端11、21、31可以分别接收在第一支承构件50的第一、第二和第三开口51、52、53内并可以成形为与第一、第二和第三开口51、52、53相对应。第一、第二和第三导管10、20、30的第二端12、22可以分别接收在第二支承构件60的第一、第二和第三开口61、62、63内并可以成形为与第一、第二和第三开口61、62、63相对应。通过这种配置，导管的横向运动可以得到限制。
如图2所示，每个开口51、52、53、61、62、63可以包括围绕开口的周边延伸的凸缘51a、52a、53a、61a、62a、63a。每个支承构件59、60还可包括围绕支承构件50、60的周边至少中途延伸的向内翻转凸唇59、69。
导管10、20、30可以都具有大致类似的长度。第一导管10可具有第一直径，第二导管20可具有第二直径，并且第三导管30可具有第三直径。第二直径可以小于第一和第三直径。
导管10、20、30的第一和第二端11、21、31、12、22可以焊接、粘接或通过其他方式固定到支承构件50、60的限定或围绕开口的部分。替代地，导管10、20、30的第一和第二端11、21、31、12、22可邻接支承构件50、60的内侧以便覆盖支承构件50、60中的相应开口。
第一、第二和第三导管10、20、30以及第一和第二支承构件50、60可以限制这些部件的相对平移运动的方式互连。除此之外或另外，第一、第二和第三导管10、20、30以及第一和第二支承构件50、60可以限制一个部件相对于另一部件的转动运动的方式互连。
第一导管10经由将第一导管10的出口流体连接到第二导管20的入口的第一端部联接器15流体联接到第二导管20。第一端部联接器15可包括喷射器模块16。第二导管20可经由用于将第二导管20的出口流体连接到第三导管30的入口的第二端部联接器联接到第三导管30。每个第一和第二端部联接器可与其相应的支承构件组合地限定排气可经过其中经过相邻导管之间的流体流路。
在排放物清洁模块的流体流路内可以定位柴油氧化催化(DOC)模块、柴油颗粒过滤器(DPF)模块、喷射器模块16、混合器模块75、选择催化还原(SCR)模块和氨氧化催化(AMOX)模块。
DOC模块可朝着第一导管10的第一(入口)端11定位在第一导管10的第一部分内。DPF模块可朝着第一导管10的第二(出口)端12定位在第一导管10的第二部分内。第一端部联接器15可提供从第一导管10的第二端12到第二导管20的第二端22的流体流路。第一端部联接器15可包括喷射器模块16。
混合器模块75可定位在第二导管20内或通过第二导管20形成。混合器模块75可包括外部主体80和定位在外部主体80内的内部主体81。外部主体80可形成第二导管20的外表皮。气隙88可设置在内部主体81和外部主体80之间。
外部主体80可以是细长的，并在第一支承件50和第二支承件60之间延伸。外部主体80可以是筒形的，并且除了在其可具有较小直径的端部处之外，可具有恒定直径。外部主体80的第一端可固定保持到第一支承件50。该固定可以借助于第一端和凸缘52a之间的焊接。该连接可以到凸缘52a的内面或外面。外部主体80的第二端83可固定保持到第二支承件60。固定可以借助于第二端83和凸缘62a之间的焊接。该连接可以到凸缘62a的内面，如图4所示。此附接可以形成小的环形缝隙100，第二端83的端部边缘邻近凸缘62a定位。
混合器模块75可以被构造成使得喷射器模块16喷射的流体与来自第一导管10的流体混合。混合器模块75可包括多个特征，例如分散翅片，其可以造成喷射流体与来自第一导管10的流体均匀混合。
喷射器模块16可包括具有喷射出口130的喷射器。喷射出口130可被定向以便沿着混合器模块75的纵向轴线引导喷射的流体。喷射器模块16可与泵电子罐单元(PETU)相关或与其附接。泵电子罐单元可包括用于提供由喷射器喷射的流体的容器的罐。这种流体可包括尿素或氨。PETU还可包括被构造成控制通过喷射器从罐喷射的流体的体积的控制器。控制器可具有作为输入的例如从SCR模块中的传感器导出的温度信息和NOx量的信息。
第一端部联接器15可以是流动护罩的形式。第一端部联接器15可与第一导管10、第二支承件60和混合器模块75一起限定用于排放流体的流动导管。流动导管可包括弯曲部，例如U-弯曲部，其从排放流体在离开第一导管10时到进入混合器模块75时颠倒排放流体的流动方向。第一端部联接器15可包括中央区段145，其中流体流动方向大致垂直于第一导管10内的流体流动方向。第一端部联接器15还可包括邻近第一导管10的第一90°弯曲部146和邻近混合器模块75的第二90°弯曲部147。
喷射器模块16可以安装到第一端部联接器15内的开孔内。喷射器模块16可安装在第二90°弯曲部147的外侧148上。
开口62可限定将第一端部联接器15的第二90°弯曲部147流体连接到混合器模块75的孔口150。
第一端部联接器15可以连接到第二支承件60的第一侧，并且混合器模块75可连接到第二支承件60的第二侧。如图6所示，围绕第二开口62的凸缘62a可通过弯曲区段110结合到第二支承件62的其他部分。弯曲区段10可包括两个凹部111、112，其可以围绕孔口150的轴线配置。凹部111、112可位于第二90°弯曲部147的内侧149上。凹部111、112可分别形成孔口150的局部增大部。
除了两个凹部111、112之外，可以设置唯一一个凹部。
凹部111、112分别在流动导管的弯曲部的内侧形成漏斗部分。每个凹部111、112可包括第二支承件60的成形部分，其具有比弯曲部的中心线160的曲率半径增加的曲率半径。每个凹部111、112可包括凹入凹部。凹部111、112用来在流动导管内形成更平稳的弯曲部。特别是，它们用来减小弯曲部内侧处的第二90°弯曲部147的尖锐程度
第二端部联接器可提供从第二导管的第一端21到第三导管30的第一端31的流体流路。如图7和8所示，第一支承件50还可设置邻近第二开口52的凹部113、114。凹部113、114可围绕第二开口52的孔口的轴线配置。凹部113、114可以位于流动导管内的弯曲部的内侧上，将排放流体流动从第二导管20的第一端21引导到第三导管的第一端31。凹部113、114可分别形成孔口的局部增大部。
除了两个凹部113、114之外，可以设置唯一一个凹部。
凹部113、114分别在流动导管的弯曲部的内侧形成漏斗部分。每个凹部113、114可包括第一支承件50的成形部分，其具有比弯曲部的中心线的曲率半径增加的曲率半径。每个凹部113、114可包括凹入凹部。凹部113、114用来在流动导管内形成更平稳的弯曲部。
SCR模块可以朝着第三导管30的第一端31定位在第三导管30的第一部分内。SCR模块可包括旨在催化混合器模块中混合并通过扩散器输出的两种流体之间出现反应的催化表面。AMOX模块可都朝着第三导管30的第二端定位在第三导管30的第二部分内。AMOX模块可包括催化从SCR模块输出的一个或多个产品的反应的催化剂。
在使用中，排放流体可经由入口供应到排放物清洁模块1。流体可进入第一导管10的第一部分中的DOC模块。在入口处接收之前，流体的压力可以通过背压阀控制。
DOC模块可包括一个或多个催化剂，例如钯或铂。这些材料用作造成流体流中存在的碳氢化合物(HC)和一氧化碳(CO)氧化的催化剂，以形成二氧化碳(CO2)和水(H2O)。催化剂可以使得催化剂材料的表面面积最大的方式分布，以增加催化反应中的催化剂的效率。
流体可从DOC模块流到DPF模块，DPF模块包括旨在防止烟灰形式的碳(C)的继续通过的特征。流体中的碳颗粒可因此截留在过滤器中。过滤器可经过已知再生技术再生。这些技术可涉及控制流体的温度、流体的压力和流体中未燃烧燃料的比例中的一种或多种。
流体可从DOC进入第一端部联接器15。流体流可围绕第一90°弯曲部146进入中央区段145，接着进入第二90°弯曲部147。流动经过喷射器模块16的喷射出口130。喷射器模块16可将例如尿素或氨的喷射流体喷射到流动中。喷射流体的喷射方向可以进入第二开口62的孔口150。喷射方向可以沿着混合器模块75的轴线。
排放流体的围绕弯曲部的流动可以通过凹部111、112的存在调整。图10示出具有凹部111、112的流动中的压力分布。图9示出没有这种凹部的流动中的压力分布。凹部111、112的存在可具有减小或消除与邻近弯曲部内侧的混合器模块175的壁120的流动分离的有益效果。确信这是由于弯曲部(特别是第二90°弯曲部147)的减小尖锐程度可减小邻近壁120的低压区域，其否则会发展。
因此，可以在混合器模块75内形成排放流体(现在包含喷射流体)的更均匀流动。这可有助于减小从喷射流体得到的沉积物的累积。
混合器模块75还可包括确保来自第一导管10的流体与来自喷射器16的流体在第二导管20本身内进行进一步混合的特征。
在混合器模块75之后，流体可接着经过第二端部联接器经由第二端部联接器进入定位在第三导管的第一部分内的SCR模块。SCR模块可包括排放气体和尿素/氨的混合物可流过其中的一个或多个催化剂。随着混合物经过催化剂表面之上，出现将氨和NOx转换成双氮(N2)和水(H2O)的反应。
流体可从SCR模块进入定位在第三导管30的第二部分内的AMOX模块。AMOX模块可包括氧化催化剂，其可造成离开SCR模块的流体中存在的残留氨反应以形成氮(N2)和水(H2O)。
流体可从AMOX模块进入定位在第三导管30的第二端处的排放物清洁模块出口。
工业实用性
本发明提供包括排放流体流动的改善配置的排放物清洁模块。

Claims (15)

1.一种排放物清洁模块，包括：
流动导管，其具有流体连接到排放流体源的上游端和流体连接到混合器模块的下游端；
流动导管包括混合器模块上游的弯曲部；
其中流动导管的弯曲部的内侧包括漏斗部分。
2.根据权利要求1所述的排放物清洁模块，其中，弯曲部延伸经过至少90°。
3.根据权利要求1或权利要求2所述的排放物清洁模块，其中，漏斗部分包括流动导管的成形部分，与弯曲部的中心线的曲率半径相比，增加流动导管的内侧的至少一部分的曲率半径。
4.根据上述权利要求任一项所述的排放物清洁模块，其中，漏斗部分包括凹入凹部。
5.根据上述权利要求任一项所述的排放物清洁模块，其中，流动导管的弯曲部的内侧包括两个漏斗部分。
6.根据上述权利要求任一项所述的排放物清洁模块，其中，流动导管的上游端连接到第一导管；
其中，在使用中，第一导管内的排放流体流动方向与混合器模块内的排放流体流动方向相反；
其中弯曲部包括U－弯曲部。
7.根据权利要求6所述的排放物清洁模块，其中，漏斗部分定位在U－弯曲部的第二半部内。
8.根据上述权利要求任一项所述的排放物清洁模块，还包括流动护罩。
9.根据权利要求8所述的排放物清洁模块，还包括支承流动护罩和混合器模块的支承件。
10.根据权利要求9所述的排放物清洁模块，其中，支承件将流动护罩流体连接到混合器模块。
11.根据权利要求9或权利要求10所述的排放物清洁模块，其中，弯曲部通过流动护罩和支承件的相互接合限定。
12.根据权利要求11所述的排放物清洁模块，其中，支承件包括排放流体流在使用中能够经过其中的孔口，并且漏斗部分至少部分通过孔口的局部增大部形成。
13.根据权利要求12所述的排放物清洁模块，其中，漏斗部分通过支承件内的凹部形成。
14.根据权利要求12-13任一项所述的排放物清洁模块，其中，支承件包括限定在形成流动导管的一部分的面上的凹入部分，并且孔口设置在凹入部分内；漏斗通过凹入部分的其他部分限定。
15.根据权利要求8-14任一项所述的排放物清洁模块，还包括安装到流动护罩的喷射器模块。
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