Apis cerana divides the method for king fast
Technical field
The invention belongs to bee-keeping field, be specifically related to a kind of method that apis cerana divides king fast.
Background technology
Apis cerana is a kind of Eastern bee, and honeybee in abbreviation is the local breed variety of China's preciousness, within 2006, is put into national Genetic Resources of Domestic Animal protection catalogue.Chinese honeybee apiculture has a long history, Adaptable growth South Asia region, product kind North ecotype, is the local breeding of typical apis cerana.Middle honeybee, to gather the fragmentary nectar source such as mountain area wild flower, medicinal material, fruit tree, possesses that flight is sensitive, resistance against diseases strong and value of the product advantages of higher, and can adapt to harsh climate condition, be rare biological variety resource.
Honeybee industry is the important component part of modern agriculture, is an industry of benefiting the nation and the people, in Chinese national economy, particularly in Serve " Agriculture and the raising people general level of the health, have critical role.Development apiculture does not account for arable land, liquid manure out of question, does not rob hill covered with grass, be one and ask for the efficient ecological type " housetop agriculture " of material wealth directly to the Nature, there is the Multifunctional stereo effect promoting modern agricultural development, fully demonstrate the essential characteristic of " resources conservation, economical and efficient, benign cycle ", meet comprehensively, coordinated the scientific law of sustainable development.
Carrying out apis cerana resources protection and utilization is promote agricultural produce, the needs of increasing farmers' income this not only makes apis cerana raiser obtain bee product, increase income, shake off poverty and set out on the road to prosperity; the more important thing is that by honeybee be crops pollinations; the output of crops can be improved significantly, improve the quality of crops.Mountain area fruit tree bloom pollination period and industrialized agriculture of pollination period, some economic crops of blooming needs the honeybee pollination phase, go down south migratory beekeeping on the occasion of apis mellifera, therefore utilize that apis cerana is fruit tree, industrialized agriculture and the pollination of some economic crops just seem more reliable and important.
Artificial swarmming is the basic skills increasing bee colony quantity and expanding production, and it according to schedule, can obtain new bee colony in optimum period.Artificial swarmming combines with fine-variety breeding, can also improve bee colony quality, overcomes the blindness of natural swarm.On the time determining artificial swarmming, we advocate and " will early support king, early swarmming " according to actual conditions, strive for allowing new swarming make larger contribution in main nectar flow., proliferation period strong in group's gesture also longer (as region of no relief), as not first swarmming, and focus on supporting strong group, before bee colony will be made to appear at main honey harvest in the most prosperous and the most powerful period, also just will inevitably produce swarming fever, at this moment go swarmming to lose more than gain again.When proliferation period is shorter (as our province mountain area), when can not make larger contribution in main nectar flow when newly to hive off, can organize several extra-heavy group as early as possible, the queen bee utilizing stock last year reaches the object of early swarmming, namely obtains when the most of former group of guarantee shapes up and newly hives off.When former mass-sending is opened up to a certain extent, can also strengthen newly hiving off with the young honeybee of former group and pupa spleen, reach the former group of control and produce swarming fever and the dual purpose strengthening newly hiving off.Artificial swarmming generally has following methods:
1, average swarmming method: this method will utilize strongr bee colony, when group spleen reaches seven to eight frames, separately gets a beehive, bundle spleen, sweet spleen on average separately make two casees respectively be about half meter away from former address, spend half a day or one day, then lured into the queen bee that lays eggs without queen bee group.Like this, left and right two casees will be flown into when field bee returns nest respectively.If fly into how many inequalities of two casees, then suitably can adjust the distance of beehive apart from former address.The advantage of this swarmming method is former group and newly hives off and have the honeybee in each age, and do not destroy the normal activity of bee colony, bee colony is developed than very fast.Its shortcoming makes a strong group become suddenly two weak groups, and they need just can put into production through the propagation of a wheat harvesting period.Therefore, before 40 days of main honey harvest, the queen bee that lays eggs be utilized to carry out average swarmming, and can not lure into royal cell to newly hiving off.After new queen bee goes out room, mate and oviposit through about ten days, if lure into royal cell to newly hiving off, just will can not make full use of the nurture power of newly hiving off, and affects bee colony development.If new queen bee is lost when mating, loss will be larger.
2, swarmming method is combined: this method allows the comparatively strong bee colony reaching more than nine frame honeybees each doing his best: honeybee carries honeybee more, ovum carries ovum more, pupa carries pupa more, honey carried by honey more, powder carries powder more, and after proposition, former group fills septum or empty spleen.The ovum proposed, pupa spleen are placed in the middle of an empty beehive, and sweet spleen puts both sides, lures into the queen bee that lays eggs next day, has so just constituted jointly a new group.When carrying honeybee, ensure often to open the worker bee that pupa spleen can have more than 3,000, otherwise after forming new bee colony, worker bee is flown back a part again, and remaining just protects pupa spleen of not coming.This kind of method had both constituted newly hives off, and controls swarming fever again, is two at one stroke receipts.But, when bee farm there being infectious disease, this method can not be used; Former group, in virgin pairing-season, can not transport; Pupa spleen is deposited honey few again without sweet spleen, before carrying spleen, foot honey will be fed former group, make the honey that the pupa spleen of proposition can have 0.5-0.75 kilogram.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art part, the invention provides a kind of method that apis cerana divides king fast, utilize the method can divide king fast to apis cerana, usual use 8 ~ 12 frame foot honeybee forms two king's nuclear colony in beehive, to give full play to the egg production capacity of queen bee, complement each other with productive group, complement one another, accomplish to gather, breed and neglect neither, substantially can meet productive group and producing the worm source during starching and changing king or unexpected emergency requirement.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
Apis cerana divides the method for king fast: utilize beehive to carry out a point king, described beehive is square, beehive inside is provided with side plate and stringer board, when spleen in beehive reaches 4-5 frame, beehive is divided into two spaces by position fifty-fifty that be stuck in stringer board with queen partition, each placement 2-3 honeycomb frame is on the side plate in two spaces, sub-spleen, honey spleen and honeybee mean allocation, while place original queen bee, another side puts into 1 queen bee that newly lays eggs, at this moment when field bee returns nest, fly into two spaces about beehive by going out honeybee mouth, as less in found the honeybee of a case, honeycomb frame quantity can be adjusted, make honeybee number average, king is divided to complete after 10-12 days, when winter, bee bread was not enough, available light syrup is as feed, and water, sugared ratio are 1:4.
Described sub-spleen is ovum spleen, worm spleen, pupa spleen, or the honeycomb that ovum, larva, pupa have concurrently.
Artificial swarmming will be stablized at temperature, and bee colony development is powerful, and preferably in the external world, the period of sweet powder source abundance carries out.Before swarmming, selected reproduction is fast, and output is high, disease-resistant, docile bee colony.
Described queen bee acquisition methods of newly laying eggs is, homemade paraffin bowl is bonded on new honeycomb frame, is placed in the beehive of queen bee, adjustment honeybee spleen relation, make worker bee intensive, honeybee, more than spleen, to be fed dense syrup to bee colony, stimulates queen bee fecund ovum, queen bee output can develop into the ovum of new queen bee very soon in paraffin bowl, divide king to adopt and manually move worm, the honeycomb frame of the ovum producing new queen bee and former queen bee queen partition are separated, is placed in two spaces and cultivates.
Group's gesture of newly hiving off is general more weak, and they regulate nest temperature, nurture honeybee, and the ability gathering sweet powder and defendance honeycomb is poor.Therefore, insulation to be noted when it is cold, will shelter from heat or light during sky heat, sufficient feed will be kept in nest during shortage nectar source, and reduce nest door, note preventing from stealing honeybee.According to development and the nectar source condition of bee colony, add honeycomb or nest basis frame expansion honeycomb.
Described apis cerana divides the device of Wang Fangfa fast, comprise beehive, case lid, honeycomb frame, go out honeybee mouth and queen partition, beehive casing by the wide 38-40 of inside casing centimetre, the plank of the long 42-44 of inside casing centimetre and height 20-30 centimetre forms, beehive inside is provided with side plate and stringer board, beehive is divided into two spaces by position that queen partition is stuck in stringer board fifty-fifty, 3-6 honeycomb frame can be placed on side plate in the every limit of the right and left, and bottom board is provided with out honeybee mouth, and case lid flat cover is on beehive;
Described honeycomb frame batten follows closely into square frame-shaped, and in shaped as frame, be provided with some iron wires;
Described side plate distance beehive top 5-10 centimetre.
When bee colony occurs crowded, when queen bee lays eggs nowhere, honeycomb frame be increased, only add 1 at every turn, keep honeybee in bee colony more than the state of spleen, hoary hair's pupa phenomenon will be strictly on guard against midsummer, wash away at the bottom of case through conventional suds, or change case sterilization, prevent nest worm and other damage by disease and insect from occurring.Put prevention first, will pay attention to more at ordinary times and observe, do sanitation and hygiene well; Note nest worm and sac brood, find that the disease symptom of a trend should be taken measures early, damage by disease and insect is eliminated among bud.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1, apis cerana of the present invention divides the method for king fast, not increasing investment and all special management measures, under equal nectar source and weather conditions, than apis cerana volume increase 2O ~ 50% that commonsense method is raised;
2, apis cerana of the present invention divides the method for king fast, has played the strong point of apis cerana, and in beehive, form two king's nuclear colony with 8 ~ 12 frame foot honeybees, such queen to lay eggs is vigorous, and worker honeybees foraging activity is positive, and breeding effect is good;
3, apis cerana of the present invention divides the method for king fast, and not only former group energy develops into powerful productive group, and the bee colony separated also can become powerful productive group, thus reaches the object increasing bee colony quantity, bee product output of expanding production capacity, improve;
4, apis cerana of the present invention divides the method for king fast, and honeybee multigroup gesture is strengthened, the many proper temperature of nest in winter beehive, and not being incubated also can safe overwintering, and strong group has overwhelming superiority in disease-resistant, anti-robber honeybee etc.;
5, apis cerana of the present invention divides the method for king fast, and it is constant to breed nest temperature in beehive early spring, and two king is laid eggs, it is many to feed honeybee, and Larval foods is sufficient, greatly can accelerate reproduction speed, can breed in groups in the short period of time;
6, apis cerana of the present invention divides the method for king fast, in beehive, larva is many, and food consumption is large, and nurture burden is heavy, thus worker bee is made spleen, educates worm, the enthusiasm of collection is high, enthusiasm is strong, not easily produces swarmming idea, especially when the sources of nectar and pollen tells the arrival of powder secrete nectar phase, forager of proper age is many, more be conducive to sweet powder collection, honey pollen bumper harvests can be obtained, the overall economic efficiency of honeybee in improving.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that a kind of honeybee of the present invention divides the beehive of the device of king to be placed with the vertical view of honeycomb frame and queen partition fast;
Fig. 2 is that a kind of honeybee of the present invention divides the beehive of the device of king not to be placed with the vertical view of honeycomb frame and queen partition fast;
Fig. 3 is the cutaway view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the cutaway view of Fig. 2;
Fig. 5 is the honeycomb shelf structure schematic diagram that a kind of honeybee of the present invention divides the device of king fast;
Fig. 6 is the queen partition structural representation that a kind of honeybee of the present invention divides the device of king fast;
Sequence number in figure and component names:
1, beehive, 2, side plate, 3, stringer board, 4, go out honeybee mouth, 5, iron wire, 6, honeycomb frame, 7, queen partition, 8, honeycomb.
Embodiment
Apis cerana divides the method for king fast: utilize beehive to carry out a point king, described beehive is square, beehive inside is provided with side plate and stringer board, when spleen in beehive reaches 4-5 frame, beehive is divided into two spaces by position fifty-fifty that be stuck in stringer board with queen partition, each placement 2-3 honeycomb frame is on the side plate in two spaces, sub-spleen, honey spleen and honeybee mean allocation, while place original queen bee, another side puts into 1 queen bee that newly lays eggs, at this moment when field bee returns nest, fly into two spaces about beehive by going out honeybee mouth, as less in found the honeybee of a case, honeycomb frame quantity can be adjusted, make honeybee number average, king is divided to complete after 10-12 days,
When winter, bee bread was not enough, available light syrup is as feed, and syrup ratio is 1:4.
Artificial swarmming will be stablized at temperature, and bee colony development is powerful, and preferably in the external world, the period of sweet powder source abundance carries out.Before swarmming, selected reproduction is fast, and output is high, disease-resistant, docile bee colony.
Described queen bee acquisition methods of newly laying eggs is, homemade paraffin bowl is bonded on new honeycomb frame, be placed in the beehive of queen bee, adjustment honeybee spleen relation, makes worker bee intensive, honeybee is more than spleen, to feed light syrup to bee colony, stimulate queen bee fecund ovum, queen bee output can develop into the ovum of new queen bee very soon in paraffin bowl, the honeycomb frame of the ovum producing new queen bee and former queen bee queen partition are separated, is placed in two spaces and cultivates.
Group's gesture of newly hiving off is general more weak, and they regulate nest temperature, nurture honeybee, and the ability gathering sweet powder and defendance honeycomb is poor.Therefore, insulation to be noted when it is cold, will shelter from heat or light during sky heat, sufficient feed will be kept in nest during shortage nectar source, and reduce nest door, note preventing from stealing honeybee.According to development and the nectar source condition of bee colony, add honeycomb or nest basis frame expansion honeycomb.
Composition graphs 1-Fig. 6, apis cerana divides the device of Wang Fangfa fast, comprise beehive 1, case lid, honeycomb frame, go out honeybee mouth 4 and queen partition, beehive 1 casing by the wide 38-40 of inside casing centimetre, the plank of the long 42-44 of inside casing centimetre and height 20-30 centimetre forms, beehive 1 inside is provided with side plate 2 and stringer board 3, beehive 1 is divided into two spaces by position that queen partition is stuck in stringer board 3 fifty-fifty, 3-6 honeycomb frame can be placed on side plate 2 in the every limit of the right and left, bottom board is provided with out honeybee mouth 4, and case lid flat cover is on beehive 1;
Described honeycomb frame 6 follows closely into square frame-shaped with batten, and in shaped as frame, be provided with some iron wires 5, and honeybee forms honeycomb 8 on iron wire 5; Described side plate 2 is apart from beehive top 5-10 centimetre.
When bee colony occurs crowded, when queen bee lays eggs nowhere, honeycomb frame be increased, only add 1 at every turn, keep honeybee in bee colony more than the state of spleen, hoary hair's pupa phenomenon will be strictly on guard against midsummer, wash away at the bottom of case through conventional suds, case sterilization be changed, prevent nest worm and other damage by disease and insect from occurring.Put prevention first, will pay attention to more at ordinary times and observe, do sanitation and hygiene well; Note nest worm and sac brood, find that the disease symptom of a trend should be taken measures early, damage by disease and insect is eliminated among bud.