Apis cerana quickly divides the method for king
Technical field
The invention belongs to bee-keeping field, be specifically related to a kind of method that apis cerana quickly divides king.
Background technology
Apis cerana is a kind of Eastern bee, honeybee in abbreviation, is the local breed variety of China's preciousness, within 2006, is put into national Genetic Resources of Domestic Animal protection catalogue.Chinese honeybee apiculture has a long history, Adaptable growth South Asia region, and kind belongs to North ecotype, is typical apis cerana place breeding.Middle honeybee, to gather the fragmentary nectar source such as mountain area wild flower, medical material, fruit tree, possesses that flight is sensitive, resistance against diseases strong and value of the product advantages of higher, adapts to harsh climate condition, is rare biological variety resource.
Honeybee industry is the important component part of modern agriculture, is an industry benefited the nation and the people, and particularly has critical role in Serve " Agriculture and raising people's health level in Chinese national economy.Development apiculture does not account for arable land, liquid manure out of question, does not rob hill covered with grass, it it is an efficient ecological type " housetop agriculture " directly asking for material wealth to the Nature, there is the Multifunctional stereo effect promoting modern agricultural development, fully demonstrate the basic feature of " resources conservation, economical and efficient, benign cycle ", meet comprehensively, coordinated the scientific law of sustainable development.
Carrying out apis cerana resources protection and utilization is promote agricultural produce, the needs increased farmers' income this not only makes apis cerana raiser obtain bee product, increase income, shake off poverty and set out on the road to prosperity; the more important thing is that by Apis be crops pollinations; the yield of crops can be significantly increased, improve the quality of crops.Bloom pollination period, some industrial crops of mountain area fruit tree bloom pollination period and industrialized agriculture needs the honeybee pollination phase, go down south migratory beekeeping on the occasion of Apis mellifera, be that fruit tree, industrialized agriculture and the pollination of some industrial crops just seem relatively reliable and important hence with apis cerana.
Artificial swarmming is to increase a basic skills of bee colony quantity and expanding production, and it according to schedule, can obtain new bee colony in optimum period.Artificial swarmming combines with fine-variety breeding, it is also possible to improves bee colony quality, overcomes the blindness of natural swarm.On the time determining artificial swarmming, we advocate and according to practical situation " early supporting king, early swarmming ", to strive for allowing new swarming make bigger contribution in main nectar flow.When, proliferation period also longer (such as region of no relief) strong in group's gesture, such as not first swarmming, and focus on supporting strong group, before occurring in main honey harvest, also just will necessarily produce swarming fever in period that bee colony will be made the most prosperous and the most powerful, at this moment go swarmming to lose more than gain again.When proliferation period is shorter (such as our province mountain area), when can not make bigger contribution in main nectar flow when newly hiving off, several extra-heavy group can be organized as early as possible, utilize the queen bee stocked last year to reach the purpose of early swarmming, namely obtain when the most of former group of guarantee shapes up and newly hive off.When former mass-sending is opened up to a certain extent, it is also possible to strengthen newly hiving off with the young honeybee of former group and pupa spleen, reach to control former group and produce swarming fever and strengthen the dual purpose newly hived off.Artificial swarmming generally has following methods:
1, average swarmming method: this method to utilize strongr bee colony, when group spleen reaches seven to eight frames, separately takes a beehive, bundle spleen, honey spleen on average separately make two casees respectively about half meter away from former address be, spend half a day or one day, then lured into the queen bee that lays eggs without queen bee group.So, gather and left and right two casees when honeybee returns nest, will be flown into respectively.If flying into how many inequalities of two casees, then can suitably adjust the beehive distance from former address.The advantage of this swarmming method is former group and newly hives off and have the Apis in each age, does not destroy the normal activity of bee colony, and bee colony is developed than very fast.Its shortcoming is to make a strong group become suddenly two weak groups, and they need the propagation through a wheat harvesting period just can put into production.Therefore, before 40 days of main honey harvest, the queen bee that lays eggs to be utilized to carry out average swarmming, and can not lure into Nidus Vespae to newly hiving off.After new queen bee goes out room, mate and oviposit through about ten days, if lured newly hiving off into Nidus Vespae, cannot make full use of the nurture power newly hived off, and affects bee colony development.If new queen bee is lost when copulation, loss will be bigger.
2, associating swarmming method: this method is that each doing his best for the relatively strong bee colony that allows and reach more than nine frame honeybees: honeybee carries honeybee more, ovum carries ovum more, pupa carries pupa more, honey carries honey more, powder carries powder more, it is proposed to after, former group fills septum or sky spleen.The ovum proposed, pupa spleen are placed in the middle of an empty beehive, and honey spleen puts both sides, lures into the queen bee that lays eggs next day, has thus constituted jointly a new group.When carrying honeybee, it is ensured that every pupa spleen can have the worker bee of more than 3,000, after otherwise forming new bee colony, worker bee is flown back a part again, remaining just protects to come over pupa spleen.This kind of method had both constituted newly hives off, and controls again swarming fever, is double; two at one stroke receipts.But, when bee farm has infectious disease, it is impossible to use this method;Former group is in virgin pairing-season, it is impossible to transport;Pupa spleen is deposited honey few again without honey spleen, before carrying spleen, foot honey will be fed former group, make the honey that can have 0.5 0.75 kilograms on the pupa spleen of proposition.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art part, the present invention provides a kind of method that apis cerana quickly divides king, utilize the method that apis cerana can quickly be divided king, in beehive, double; two king's nuclear colony is formed typically by 8~12 frame foot honeybees, to give full play to the egg production capacity of queen bee, complement each other with productive group, complement one another, accomplish to gather, breed and neglect neither, productive group worm source during producing slurry can be substantially met and change king or unexpected emergency requirement.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
Apis cerana quickly divides the method for king: utilize beehive to carry out a point king, described beehive is square, side plate and stringer board it is provided with inside beehive, when spleen in beehive reaches 4-5 frame, it is stuck in the position of stringer board with queen partition and beehive is divided into fifty-fifty two spaces, 2-3 Nidus Vespae frame of each placement is on the side plate in two spaces, sub-spleen, honey spleen and Apis mean allocation, while placing original queen bee, another side puts into 1 queen bee that newly lays eggs, at this moment when collection honeybee returns nest, flown into two spaces about beehive by going out honeybee mouth, Apis as found one case is less, Nidus Vespae frame quantity can be adjusted, make Apis number average, after 10-12 days, a point king completes;During bee bread deficiency in winter, available light sucrose solution is as feedstuff, and water, sugar ratio are 1:4.
Described sub-spleen is ovum spleen, worm spleen, pupa spleen, or the Nidus Vespae that ovum, larva, pupa have concurrently.
Artificial swarmming is stable at temperature, and bee colony development is powerful, it is desirable to carry out in the period that extraneous honey powder source is sufficient.Before swarmming, selected reproduction is fast, and yield is high, disease-resistant, docile bee colony.
Described queen bee acquisition methods of newly laying eggs is, homemade paraffin bowl is bonded on new Nidus Vespae frame, is placed in the beehive of queen bee, adjust honeybee spleen relation, make worker bee intensive, bee colony, more than spleen, is fed concentrated sugar water by honeybee, stimulates queen bee to lay eggs more, queen bee quickly output can develop into the ovum of new queen bee in paraffin bowl, divide king to adopt and manually move worm, the Nidus Vespae frame of the ovum having produced new queen bee is separated with former queen bee queen partition, is placed in two spaces and cultivates.
The group's gesture newly hived off is generally more weak, and they regulate nest temperature, feeds honeybee, and the ability gathering honey powder and defendance Nidus Vespae is poor.Therefore, it is noted that insulation when it is cold, to shelter from heat or light during sky heat, to keep sufficient feedstuff when lacking nectar source in nest, and reduce nest door, note preventing from stealing honeybee.Development and nectar source condition, interpolation Nidus Vespae or nest basis frame according to bee colony expand Nidus Vespae.
Described apis cerana quickly divides the device of Wang Fangfa, including beehive, case lid, Nidus Vespae frame, go out honeybee mouth and queen partition, beehive casing is made up of the plank of inside casing width 38-40 centimetre, long 42-44 centimetre and highly 20-30 centimetre of inside casing, side plate and stringer board it is provided with inside beehive, queen partition is stuck in the position of stringer board and beehive is divided into two spaces fifty-fifty, 3-6 Nidus Vespae frame can be placed on side plate in the every limit of the right and left, and bottom board is provided with out honeybee mouth, and case lid flat cover is on beehive;
Described Nidus Vespae frame batten follows closely into square frame-shaped, and is provided with some iron wires in shaped as frame;
Described 5-10 centimetre of beehive top of side plate distance.
When bee colony occurs crowded, when queen bee lays eggs nowhere, Nidus Vespae frame to be increased, only add 1 every time, keep honeybee in bee colony more than the state of spleen, to be strictly on guard against hoary hair's pupa phenomenon midsummer, wash away bottom through conventional suds, or change case sterilization, it is prevented that nest worm and other pest and disease damages occur.Put prevention first, to pay attention to more at ordinary times and observe, do sanitation and hygiene well;Note nest worm and sac brood, it has been found that the disease symptom of a trend should take measures early, pest and disease damage is eliminated among bud.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1, the method that apis cerana of the present invention quickly divides king, not increasing investment and all special management measures, under equal nectar source and weather conditions, ratio apis cerana volume increase 2O~50% that commonsense method is raised;
2, the method that apis cerana of the present invention quickly divides king, has played the strong point of apis cerana, forms double; two king's nuclear colony with 8~12 frame foot honeybees in beehive, and such queen to lay eggs is vigorous, and worker honeybees foraging activity is positive, and breeding effect is good;
3, the method that apis cerana of the present invention quickly divides king, not only former group energy develops into powerful productive group, and the bee colony separated also is able to become powerful productive group, thus reaching to increase the purpose of bee colony quantity, bee product yield of expanding production capacity, improve;
4, the method that apis cerana of the present invention quickly divides king, honeybee multigroup gesture is strengthened, and in winter beehive, nest multi-temperature is suitable for, be not incubated also can safe overwintering, strong group has overwhelming superiority in robber honeybee disease-resistant, anti-etc.;
5, the method that apis cerana of the present invention quickly divides king, it is constant to breed nest temperature in beehive early spring, and double; two kings lay eggs, it is many to feed honeybee, and Larval foods is sufficient, can greatly speed up reproduction speed, can breed in groups in the short period of time;
6, the method that apis cerana of the present invention quickly divides king, in beehive, larva is many, and food consumption is big, nurture burden weight, thus worker bee is made spleen, educates worm, the enthusiasm of collection is high, enthusiasm is strong, is not likely to produce swarmming idea, especially when the sources of nectar and pollen tells the arrival of powder secrete nectar phase, forager of proper age is many, it is more beneficial for honey powder collection, honey pollen bumper harvests, the overall economic efficiency of honeybee in improving can be obtained.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that a kind of Apis of this utility model quickly divides the beehive of the device of king to be placed with the top view of Nidus Vespae frame and queen partition;
Fig. 2 is that a kind of Apis of this utility model quickly divides the beehive of the device of king not to be placed with the top view of Nidus Vespae frame and queen partition;
Fig. 3 is the sectional view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the sectional view of Fig. 2;
Fig. 5 is the Nidus Vespae shelf structure schematic diagram that a kind of Apis of this utility model quickly divides the device of king;
Fig. 6 is the queen partition structural representation that a kind of Apis of this utility model quickly divides the device of king;
Sequence number in figure and component names:
1, beehive, 2, side plate, 3, stringer board, 4, go out honeybee mouth, 5, iron wire, 6, Nidus Vespae frame, 7, queen partition, 8, Nidus Vespae.
Detailed description of the invention
Apis cerana quickly divides the method for king: utilize beehive to carry out a point king, described beehive is square, side plate and stringer board it is provided with inside beehive, when spleen in beehive reaches 4-5 frame, it is stuck in the position of stringer board with queen partition and beehive is divided into fifty-fifty two spaces, 2-3 Nidus Vespae frame of each placement is on the side plate in two spaces, sub-spleen, honey spleen and Apis mean allocation, while placing original queen bee, another side puts into 1 queen bee that newly lays eggs, at this moment when collection honeybee returns nest, flown into two spaces about beehive by going out honeybee mouth, Apis as found one case is less, Nidus Vespae frame quantity can be adjusted, make Apis number average, after 10-12 days, a point king completes;
During bee bread deficiency in winter, available light sucrose solution is as feedstuff, and sucrose solution ratio is 1:4.
Artificial swarmming is stable at temperature, and bee colony development is powerful, it is desirable to carry out in the period that extraneous honey powder source is sufficient.Before swarmming, selected reproduction is fast, and yield is high, disease-resistant, docile bee colony.
Described queen bee acquisition methods of newly laying eggs is, homemade paraffin bowl is bonded on new Nidus Vespae frame, it is placed in the beehive of queen bee, adjusts honeybee spleen relation, make worker bee intensive, honeybee is more than spleen, bee colony feeding light sucrose solution, stimulates queen bee to lay eggs more, queen bee quickly output can develop into the ovum of new queen bee in paraffin bowl, the Nidus Vespae frame of the ovum having produced new queen bee is separated with former queen bee queen partition, is placed in two spaces and cultivates.
The group's gesture newly hived off is generally more weak, and they regulate nest temperature, feeds honeybee, and the ability gathering honey powder and defendance Nidus Vespae is poor.Therefore, it is noted that insulation when it is cold, to shelter from heat or light during sky heat, to keep sufficient feedstuff when lacking nectar source in nest, and reduce nest door, note preventing from stealing honeybee.Development and nectar source condition, interpolation Nidus Vespae or nest basis frame according to bee colony expand Nidus Vespae.
In conjunction with Fig. 1-Fig. 6, apis cerana quickly divides the device of Wang Fangfa, including beehive 1, case lid, Nidus Vespae frame, go out honeybee mouth 4 and queen partition, beehive 1 casing is made up of the plank of inside casing width 38-40 centimetre, long 42-44 centimetre and highly 20-30 centimetre of inside casing, beehive 1 is internal is provided with side plate 2 and stringer board 3, and queen partition is stuck in the position of stringer board 3 and beehive 1 is divided into two spaces fifty-fifty, and 3-6 Nidus Vespae frame can be placed on side plate 2 in the every limit of the right and left, bottom board is provided with out honeybee mouth 4, and case lid flat cover is on beehive 1;
Described Nidus Vespae frame 6 batten follows closely into square frame-shaped, and is provided with some iron wires 5 in shaped as frame, and Apis forms Nidus Vespae 8 on iron wire 5;Described side plate 2 is apart from 5-10 centimetre of beehive top.
When bee colony occurs crowded, when queen bee lays eggs nowhere, Nidus Vespae frame to be increased, only add 1 every time, keep honeybee in bee colony more than the state of spleen, to be strictly on guard against hoary hair's pupa phenomenon midsummer, wash away bottom through conventional suds, case sterilization will be changed, it is prevented that nest worm and other pest and disease damages occur.Put prevention first, to pay attention to more at ordinary times and observe, do sanitation and hygiene well;Note nest worm and sac brood, it has been found that the disease symptom of a trend should take measures early, pest and disease damage is eliminated among bud.