CN104303732A - Low-toxic effect sugarcane planting method - Google Patents
Low-toxic effect sugarcane planting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104303732A CN104303732A CN201410399647.6A CN201410399647A CN104303732A CN 104303732 A CN104303732 A CN 104303732A CN 201410399647 A CN201410399647 A CN 201410399647A CN 104303732 A CN104303732 A CN 104303732A
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- sugarcane
- planting method
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C14/00—Methods or apparatus for planting not provided for in other groups of this subclass
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0268—Mats or sheets, e.g. nets or fabrics
- A01G13/0275—Films
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/14—Greenhouses
- A01G9/1438—Covering materials therefor; Materials for protective coverings used for soil and plants, e.g. films, canopies, tunnels or cloches
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of crop cultivation and particularly relates to a low-toxic effect sugarcane planting method. The low-toxic effect sugarcane planting method comprises the following field operation steps: preparing soil, applying a base fertilizer, seeding, and carrying out intertillage management. The low-toxic effect sugarcane planting method is characterized in that sugarcane furrows are ditched, black mulching films are used for covering, two sides of the mulching films are compacted, sealed solarization is performed for 15 to 20 days, and then the mulching film is removed for continued solarization for 2 to 5 days; after the base fertilizer is applied, one disease-and-insect resistant variety and at least three common varieties are selected for seeding, the disease-and-insect resistant variety is taken as a major for seeding, and the common varieties are alternatively planted; after seeding, the mulching film is adopted for covering again; a sugarcane field is checked periodically, the growing state of the common variety is taken as an emphasis for observation, and holistic governance to the sugarcane field is performed according to symptoms of the plant diseases and insect pests of the common varieties. According to the low-toxic effect sugarcane planting method provided by the invention, by coordination with growing environment, the disease and insect resisting capability of sugarcane is enhanced, forecasting for plant diseases and insect pests is enhanced, the using of pesticides is lowered, production and quality of the sugarcane are enhanced, and the yield is increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to crop-planting technical field, be specifically related to a kind of low murder by poisoning cane planting method.
Background technology
Sugarcane is the important sugar [yielding of China, is the torrid zone and south subtropics economic crops, and have happiness high temperature, happiness is wet, like fertile characteristic, vegetative period is long.Coastal many provinces and regions, south are located in focus monsoon climatic region, South Asia, and illumination is sufficient, has plenty of rain, suitable sugarcane production.
Sugarcane damage by disease and insect is the direct factor affecting sugarcane yield and quality, as sugarcane moth borer causes the withered heart in seedling stage; Growth larva in mid-term moth evil sugarcane stems etc., cause low yield.Weeds in field and sugarcane compete fertilizer, and provide habitat for insect pest.For ensureing sugarcane high-yield amount and high-quality, need in existing cane planting technology to use a large amount of insecticides and weed killer herbicide.Unscientific application method effect is remarkable not, and also can cause environmental pollution, even personnel are poisoning.Further, under the overall background of food security demand, low murder by poisoning even the cane planting method of nonhazardous have great importance.
For reducing Pesticide use, people develop new technologies and methods.Such as select disease and insect resistance kind, as Liucheng 03/182, osmanthus sugar 02/281, Guangdong sugar 00/236 etc., these kinds have preferably cold-resistant, disease-resistant characteristic, and output and sugar content common variety all is more in the past high.Also such as utilize biological prevention can avoid using agricultural chemicals; Film-covering planting can propose moisture in the soil soil moisture conservation, can promote sugarcane production, strengthens sugarcane resistant to diseases and insects etc.
But the technology such as biological control at present still generally do not use, and trace it to its cause, key is cane planting circumstance complication, evil feelings are changeable, and monotechnics is difficult to tackle different Sugarcane Diseases.Still needing the links of complex optimum cane planting for obtaining good income, ensureing sugarcane production further, improve diseases and insect pests resistance; Simultaneously gather in the crops whole process carry out prevention from planting to, to take timely measure, Scientific Usage of Drugs to damage by disease and insect, effectively prevent and treat.
Summary of the invention
According to foregoing problems analysis, for reducing Pesticide use, gather in the crops low murder by poisoning even nonhazardous sugarcane, by ensureing that good sugarcane production environment is to strengthen sugarcane diseases and insect pests resistance, and find effectively pre-preventing disease and pest method, doing further improvement in conjunction with harmless methods such as biological controls, is the feasible meter obtaining good harvest.The present invention aims to provide a kind of low murder by poisoning cane planting method, and technical scheme is described as follows:
A kind of low murder by poisoning cane planting method, the step of its farm work comprises: wholely, basal dressing, sowing, intertillage management.Comprise wholely excavation sugarcane ditch and soil sterilize: excavate sugarcane ditch, bottom of trench mound is put in sugarcane ridge, and sugarcane trench depth is 35-40cm; Use plastic mulching sugarcane ditch, mulch film both sides soil compaction, airtightly tan by the sun 15-20 days; Again mulch film is lifted to side, continue to tan by the sun 2-5 days.
Described sowing, after basal dressing, covering one deck hack is 10-15cm to sugarcane trench depth, chooses regular sugarcane genotypes and swings in sugarcane ditch continuously, and density is 5-7/m; Return earth mulch kind, after pouring, mulch film is covered again; The compacting of mulch film both sides, spills into hack above, keeps mulch film to see that light rate is 20-25%.
The sugar cane breed adopted comprises a kind of disease and insect resistance sugar cane breed and at least 3 kinds of common sugar cane breeds; Sow based on described disease and insect resistance sugar cane breed, at interval of the common variety of planting between 4-5m described in 1 strain.
In intertillage management, checked sugarcane field every 10-15 days, the common sugar cane breed growth conditions described in primary part observation, according to common sugar cane breed damage by disease and insect symptom, sugarcane field entirety is administered; Sugarcane production divested leaf every 20-30 days to sugarcane higher than after 1m, sprayed a foliage fertilizer simultaneously.
Further, described basal dressing, uses in the bottom of described sugarcane ditch, and fertile amount is composite fertilizer 30-35 kg/acre, pure potash fertilizer 8-20 kg/acre, phosphate fertilizer 5-10 kg/acre, diamines 6-12 kg/acre.Described composite fertilizer, for dry sugarcane top, livestock and poultry cultivation ight soil through being pulverized and mixed, adding weight is 0.07-0.1 alcohol waste liquid for sugar refinery doubly, and 50-60 DEG C obtains for bottom fermentation 7-10 days.
Further, sugarcane genotypes uses 2-3% limewash to soak 12h prior to seeding.
Further, thickness 0.007-0.012cm, wide cut 0.8-1.2m black photodissociation mulch film is selected.
Further, there is sugarcane moth borer in the common sugar cane breed described in discovery, trichogramma releases 8-10 ten thousand/mu.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1.) growth and breeding of soil-borne disease pathogen.If this kind of disease is controlled not in time, Severe Reduction can be caused or reduce sugarcane quality, even causing total crop failure.Cover formation confined space with mulch film behind whole ground, summer soil temperature can rise to 45-55 DEG C, the various germs in soil can be killed after airtight many days.
(2) plastic mulching improves soil temperature, increases effective accumulated temperature, is conducive to emerging and improve sugarcane sugariness; And the evaporation of moisture can be prevented, moisture is trapped in agric by the obstruct of mulch film, plays the effect putting forward moisture in the soil and soil moisture conservation.
(3) select disease and insect resistance kind, and kind common variety can play effective insect pests forecasting effect therebetween.Sugarcane field provides good, homogeneous growing environment, and the sugarcane of different cultivars can grow vigorously, and improves resistant to diseases and insects.If generation damage by disease and insect, common variety is due to self more weak resistivity, and first symptom embodies.Administer sugarcane field entirety in time, effectively pre-preventing disease and pest expands.
(4) sugarcane top, feces of livestock and poultry, alcohol effluent the like waste obtain base manure through fermentation, and fully utilize various discarded object, production cost is low; And the content of organic matter is enriched, and fertility is high, and can prevent the hardening soil.
(5) use black mulch film, because it has interception, weeds in field lacks illumination, and very fast dead after germination, weeds obtain good control; And most pathogenic bacteria and insect take weeds as breeding spot, therefore, effective control of weeds in field can suppress the breeding of pathogenic bacteria very well, effectively reduces the generation of damage by disease and insect.
(6) soak the multiple damage by disease and insect such as the rouge and powder a red-spotted lizard that can kill in sugarcane kind with limewash, and the sprouting of sugarcane bud can be promoted.Limewash immersion can make the sugar content in sugarcane stem reduce, and avoid sugar content too much, easily fermentation is rotten; Meanwhile, the calcium in lime can intensify the activity of enzyme, accelerates respiration, improves germination, strong bud rate.
(7) utilizing oophagous trichogrammae and snout moth's larva to be the principle of natural enemy, by throwing in oophagous trichogrammae, allowing oophagous trichogrammae play to kill the effect of Sugarcane Pests.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
In the present invention, the farm work step of low murder by poisoning cane planting method comprises: wholely, basal dressing, sowing, intertillage management.
Arable land is digged after leveling, and excavation sugarcane ditch, bottom of trench mound is put in sugarcane ridge, and sugarcane trench depth is 35cm.Sugarcane ditch whole good after, select thickness 0.01cm, wide cut 1m black photodissociation plastic mulching.Mulch film both sides soil compaction, tans by the sun 20 days; Afterwards mulch film is lifted to side, continue to tan by the sun 3 days.
By the sugarcane top dried, livestock and poultry cultivation ight soil through being pulverized and mixed, add the alcohol waste liquid for sugar refinery that weight is 0.1 times, 60 DEG C of bottom fermentations obtain composite fertilizer in 10 days.By composite fertilizer 30 kgs/acre, 12 kgs/acre, pure potash fertilizer, 8 kgs/acre, phosphate fertilizer, diamines 8 kgs/acre, mixes as base manure, uses in the bottom of described sugarcane ditch.After basal dressing, covering hack to sugarcane trench depth is 10cm.
Select the sugarcane genotypes of a kind of disease and insect resistance sugar cane breed and at least 3 kinds of common sugar cane breeds, use 2% limewash to soak 12h prior to seeding, drain.Sowing, based on described disease and insect resistance kind, is that 6/m swings in sugarcane ditch continuously and returns earth mulch kind, at interval of planting 1 strain common variety between 5m by density.Again covered by mulch film after pouring, the compacting of mulch film both sides, spills into hack above, and mulch film is shown in that light rate is 25%.
In intertillage management, checked sugarcane field every 15 days, the common sugar cane breed growth conditions of primary part observation, according to common sugar cane breed damage by disease and insect symptom, sugarcane field entirety is administered.Find sugarcane moth borer appears in common sugar cane breed, trichogramma releases 80,000/mu.Sugarcane production divested leaf every 30 days to sugarcane higher than after 1m, sprayed a foliage fertilizer simultaneously.
The present invention is simple to operate, novel environment friendly, and traditional cultivation method of comparing does not increase manpower and materials, and preventive effect is remarkable, effectively can promote that sugarcane production-increasing increases matter, reach the object of increasing the benefit.
Although embodiment of the present invention are open as above, it is not restricted to listed in specification and embodiment utilization, not deviating under the universal that claim and equivalency range limit, the invention is not restricted to specific detail.
Claims (5)
1. a low murder by poisoning cane planting method, the step of its farm work comprises: wholely, basal dressing, sowing, intertillage management, it is characterized in that:
Described comprise wholely excavation sugarcane ditch and soil sterilize: excavate sugarcane ditch, bottom of trench mound is put in sugarcane ridge, and sugarcane trench depth is 35-40cm; Use plastic mulching sugarcane ditch, mulch film both sides soil compaction, airtightly tan by the sun 15-20 days; Again described mulch film is lifted to side, continue to tan by the sun 2-5 days;
Described sowing, after basal dressing, covering one deck hack is 10-15cm to sugarcane trench depth, chooses regular sugarcane genotypes and swings in sugarcane ditch continuously, and density is 5-7/m; After returning earth mulch kind, water, and mulch film is covered again; The compacting of mulch film both sides, spills into hack above, keeps mulch film to see that light rate is 20-25%;
The sugar cane breed adopted comprises a kind of disease and insect resistance kind and at least 3 kinds of common varieties; Sow based on described disease and insect resistance kind, at interval of the common variety of planting between 4-5m described in 1 strain;
In described intertillage management, checked sugarcane field every 10-15 days, the common variety growth conditions described in primary part observation, according to common variety damage by disease and insect symptom, sugarcane field entirety is administered; Sugarcane production divested leaf every 20-30 days to sugarcane higher than after 1m, sprayed a foliage fertilizer simultaneously.
2. low murder by poisoning cane planting method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described basal dressing, uses in the bottom of described sugarcane ditch, and fertile amount is composite fertilizer 30-35 kg/acre, pure potash fertilizer 8-20 kg/acre, phosphate fertilizer 5-10 kg/acre, diamines 6-12 kg/acre.
Described composite fertilizer, its be dry sugarcane top, livestock and poultry cultivation ight soil through being pulverized and mixed, adding weight is 0.07-0.1 alcohol waste liquid for sugar refinery doubly, and 50-60 DEG C obtains for bottom fermentation 7-10 days.
3. low murder by poisoning cane planting method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described sugarcane genotypes, uses 2-3% limewash to soak 12h before sowing.
4. low murder by poisoning cane planting method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described mulch film is thickness 0.007-0.012cm, wide cut 0.8-1.2m black photodissociation mulch film.
5. low murder by poisoning cane planting method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, sugarcane moth borer appears in the common sugar cane breed described in discovery, trichogramma releases 8-10 ten thousand/mu.
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| CN201410399647.6A CN104303732B (en) | 2014-08-13 | 2014-08-13 | A kind of low murder by poisoning cane planting method |
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| CN201410399647.6A CN104303732B (en) | 2014-08-13 | 2014-08-13 | A kind of low murder by poisoning cane planting method |
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| CN104303732A true CN104303732A (en) | 2015-01-28 |
| CN104303732B CN104303732B (en) | 2016-06-01 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105993499A (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2016-10-12 | 杨健 | Low-toxicity sugarcane cultivation method |
| CN106305096A (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2017-01-11 | 农祥堂 | Planting method of sugarcane |
| CN108782101A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2018-11-13 | 大新县科学技术情报研究所 | A kind of sugarcane pest control method |
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2014
- 2014-08-13 CN CN201410399647.6A patent/CN104303732B/en active Active
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105993499A (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2016-10-12 | 杨健 | Low-toxicity sugarcane cultivation method |
| CN106305096A (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2017-01-11 | 农祥堂 | Planting method of sugarcane |
| CN108782101A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2018-11-13 | 大新县科学技术情报研究所 | A kind of sugarcane pest control method |
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| CN104303732B (en) | 2016-06-01 |
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