CN104303732B

CN104303732B - A kind of low murder by poisoning cane planting method

Info

Publication number: CN104303732B
Application number: CN201410399647.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 农初强
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2014-08-13
Filing date: 2014-08-13
Publication date: 2016-06-01
Anticipated expiration: 2034-08-13
Also published as: CN104303732A

Abstract

The present invention relates to crop-planting technical field, it is specifically related to a kind of low murder by poisoning cane planting method. The step of the farm work of low murder by poisoning cane planting method comprises: wholely, bulk application, sowing, intertillage management, it is characterized in that: excavation sugarcane ditch, and use black film mulching, the compacting of mulch film both sides, airtight tan by the sun 15-20 days, then continue to tan by the sun 2-5 days with raising; After bulk application, select a kind of disease and insect resistance kind and at least 3 kinds of common varieties to sow, sow based on described disease and insect resistance kind, the common variety described in a kind; Again covering with plastic film after sowing; Regularly check sugarcane field, the common variety growth conditions described in primary part observation, according to common variety disease and pest symptom, sugarcane field entirety is administered. The present invention by harmonic growth environment to strengthen sugarcane diseases and insect pests resistance, and improve disease and pest advance notice, prevent and treat in time, reduce Pesticide use, promote sugarcane production-increasing increase matter, it is to increase income.

Description

A kind of low murder by poisoning cane planting method

Technical field

The present invention relates to crop-planting technical field, it is specifically related to a kind of low murder by poisoning cane planting method.

Background technology

Sugarcane is the important sugar crop of China, is the torrid zone and south subtropics cash crop, has happiness high temperature, likes characteristic wet, that happiness is fertile, and vegetative period is long. Coastal many provinces and regions, south are located in focus monsoon climatic region, South Asia, and illumination is sufficient, and rainwater is plentiful, suitable sugarcane production.

Sugarcane disease and pest is the direct factor affecting sugarcane yield and quality, as sugarcane moth borer causes the withered heart in seedling stage; Growth larva in mid-term moth evil sugarcane stems etc., cause low yield. Weeds in field and sugarcane competition fertilizer, and perch place for insect pest provides. For ensureing sugarcane high-yield amount and high quality, existing cane planting technology needs use a large amount of sterilants and weedicide. The application method effect of science is not remarkable not, also can cause environmental pollution, and even personnel are poisoning. Further, under the overall background of food safety demand, low murder by poisoning even the cane planting method of toxicological harmless have important meaning.

For reducing Pesticide use, people have developed new technologies and methods. Such as selecting disease and insect resistance kind, such as Liucheng 03/182, osmanthus sugar 02/281, Guangdong sugar 00/236 etc., these kinds have preferably characteristic cold-resistant, disease-resistant, the common variety height that output and sugar degree are all more conventional. Also such as utilize biological prevention can avoid using agricultural chemicals; Film-covering planting can propose moisture in the soil soil moisture conservation, can promote sugarcane production, strengthens sugarcane resistant to diseases and insects etc.

But the technology such as biological control at present still generally do not use, and trace it to its cause, it is important to cane planting circumstance complication, evil feelings are changeable, and single technology is difficult to tackle different sugarcane diseases. Still need each link of complex optimum cane planting for obtaining good income, ensure sugarcane production further, it is to increase diseases and insect pests resistance; Simultaneously gathering in the crops whole process carry out prevention from planting to, disease and pest is taked timely measure, science medication, effectively prevents and treats.

Summary of the invention

According to foregoing problems analysis, for reducing Pesticide use, gather in the crops low murder by poisoning even toxicological harmless sugarcane, by ensureing that good sugarcane production environment is to strengthen sugarcane diseases and insect pests resistance, and find effectively pre-preventing disease and pest method, do further improvement in conjunction with harmless methods such as biological controls, it is the feasible meter obtaining good harvest. It is desirable to provide a kind of low murder by poisoning cane planting method, technical scheme is described as follows:

A kind of low murder by poisoning cane planting method, the step of its farm work comprises: wholely, bulk application, sowing, intertillage management. Comprising excavation sugarcane ditch and soil sterilization: excavation sugarcane ditch, bottom of trench mound is put in sugarcane ridge, and sugarcane trench depth is 35-40cm wholely; Use membrane covering sugarcane ditch, mulch film both sides soil compaction, airtight tan by the sun 15-20 days; Again mulch film is lifted to side, continue to tan by the sun 2-5 days.

Described sowing, after bulk application, covering the broken soil of lid layer is 10-15cm to sugarcane trench depth, chooses regular sugarcane genotypes and swings in sugarcane ditch continuously, and density is 5-7/m; Return Tu Gai kind, after pouring, mulch film is covered again; The compacting of mulch film both sides, spills into broken soil above, keeps mulch film to see that light rate is 20-25%.

The sugar cane breed adopted comprises a kind of disease and insect resistance sugar cane breed and at least 3 kinds of common sugar cane breeds; Sow based on described disease and insect resistance sugar cane breed, at interval of planting the common variety described in 1 strain between 4-5m.

In intertillage management, checked sugarcane field every 10-15 days, the common sugar cane breed growth conditions described in primary part observation, according to common sugar cane breed disease and pest symptom, sugarcane field entirety is administered; Sugarcane was carried out stripping except leaf higher than after 1m every 20-30 days by sugarcane production, sprayed a foliage fertilizer simultaneously.

Further, described bulk application, uses in the bottom of described sugarcane ditch, and fertile amount is composite fertilizer 30-35 kg/acre, 8-20 kg/acre, pure potash fertilizer, 5-10 kg/acre, phosphate fertilizer, diamines 6-12 kg/acre. Described composite fertilizer, for dry Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf, livestock and poultry cultivation ight soil through being pulverized and mixed, adding weight is 0.07-0.1 alcohol waste liquid for sugar refinery doubly, acquisition in 7-10 days of fermenting at 50-60 DEG C.

Further, sugarcane genotypes uses 2-3% liming to soak 12h before sowing.

Further, select thickness 0.007-0.012cm, wide cut 0.8-1.2m black photodissociation mulch film.

Further, it has been found that sugarcane moth borer occurs in described common sugar cane breed, release trichogramma 8-10 ten thousand/mu.

Compared with prior art, the present invention has following useful effect:

(1.) growth and breeding of soil-borne disease pathogenic bacteria. If this kind of disease is controlled not in time, the serious underproduction can be caused or reduce sugarcane quality, even cause total crop failure. Cover formation enclosed space with mulch film behind whole ground, summer the soil moisture can rise to 45-55 DEG C, the various germs in soil can be killed after airtight many days.

(2) membrane covering improves soil temperature, increases total effective temperature, is conducive to emerging and improve sugarcane sugariness; And it being possible to prevent the evaporation of moisture, moisture is trapped in agric by the obstruct of mulch film, plays the effect putting forward moisture in the soil and soil moisture conservation.

(3) select disease and insect resistance kind, and plant common variety therebetween and can play effective insect pests forecasting effect. Sugarcane field provides the growing environment of good, equal, and the sugarcane of different varieties can healthy and strong grow, it is to increase resistant to diseases and insects. If generation disease and pest, common variety is due to self more weak resistivity, and first symptom embodies. Sugarcane field entirety being administered in time, effectively pre-preventing disease and pest expands.

(4) Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf, feces of livestock and poultry, alcohol slops the like waste obtain base manure through fermentation, fully utilize various waste, and production cost is low; And organic content is enriched, fertility height, and can prevent the hardening soil.

(5) using black mulch film, owing to it has interception, weeds in field lacks illumination, and very fast dead after germination, weeds obtain good control; And most pathogenic bacterium and insect take weeds as breeding spot, therefore, effective control of weeds in field can suppress the breeding of pathogenic bacterium very well, effectively reduces the generation of disease and pest.

(6) the multiple disease and pests such as the rouge and powder a red-spotted lizard in sugarcane kind can be killed with liming immersion, and the sprouting of sugarcane bud can be promoted. Liming immersion can make the sugar content in sugarcane stem reduce, and avoids sugar content too much, it is easy to fermentation is rotten; Meanwhile, the calcium in lime can intensify the activity of enzyme, accelerates respiration, it is to increase germinates, strengthen bud rate.

(7) utilize trichogramma and snout moth's larva to be the principle of natural enemy, by throwing in trichogramma, allow trichogramma play the effect killing sugarcane insect.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.

In the present invention, the farm work step of low murder by poisoning cane planting method comprises: wholely, bulk application, sowing, intertillage management.

Arable land is digged after leveling, and excavation sugarcane ditch, bottom of trench mound is put in sugarcane ridge, and sugarcane trench depth is 35cm. Sugarcane ditch whole good after, select thickness 0.01cm, wide cut 1m black photodissociation membrane covering. Mulch film both sides soil compaction, tans by the sun 20 days; Afterwards mulch film is lifted to side, continue to tan by the sun 3 days.

By the Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf dried, livestock and poultry cultivation ight soil through being pulverized and mixed, add the alcohol waste liquid for sugar refinery that weight is 0.1 times, ferment at 60 DEG C and obtain composite fertilizer in 10 days. By composite fertilizer 30 kgs/acre, 12 kgs/acre, pure potash fertilizer, 8 kgs/acre, phosphate fertilizer, diamines 8 kgs/acre, mixes as base manure, uses in the bottom of described sugarcane ditch. After bulk application, covering broken soil to sugarcane trench depth is 10cm.

Select the sugarcane genotypes of a kind of disease and insect resistance sugar cane breed and at least 3 kinds of common sugar cane breeds, use 2% liming to soak 12h before sowing, drain. Sowing, based on described disease and insect resistance kind, is that 6/m swings in sugarcane ditch continuously and returns Tu Gai kind by density, at interval of planting 1 strain common variety between 5m. Again being covered by mulch film after pouring, the compacting of mulch film both sides, spill into broken soil above, mulch film is shown in that light rate is 25%.

In intertillage management, checked sugarcane field every 15 days, the common sugar cane breed growth conditions of primary part observation, according to common sugar cane breed disease and pest symptom, sugarcane field entirety is administered. Find that sugarcane moth borer occurs in common sugar cane breed, release trichogramma 80,000/mu. Sugarcane was carried out stripping except leaf higher than after 1m every 30 days by sugarcane production, sprayed a foliage fertilizer simultaneously.

The present invention is simple to operate, novel environment friendly, and traditional cultivation method of comparing does not increase manpower and materials, and anti-effect is remarkable, can effectively promote that sugarcane production-increasing increases matter, reach the object increased the benefit.

Although embodiment of the present invention are open as above, but its to be not restricted in specification sheets and enforcement mode listed uses, do not deviating from claim and under general concept that equivalency range limits, the invention is not restricted to specific detail.

Claims

1. a low murder by poisoning cane planting method, the step of its farm work comprises: wholely, bulk application, sowing, intertillage management, it is characterised in that:

Described comprising excavates sugarcane ditch and soil sterilization wholely: excavation sugarcane ditch, and bottom of trench mound is put in sugarcane ridge, and sugarcane trench depth is 35-40cm; Use membrane covering sugarcane ditch, mulch film both sides soil compaction, airtight tan by the sun 15-20 days; Again described mulch film is lifted to side, continue to tan by the sun 2-5 days;

Described sowing, after bulk application, covering the broken soil of lid layer is 10-15cm to sugarcane trench depth, chooses regular sugarcane genotypes and swings in sugarcane ditch continuously, and density is 5-7/m; After returning Tu Gai kind, water, and mulch film is covered again; The compacting of mulch film both sides, is sprinkled into broken soil above, keeps mulch film to see that light rate is 20-25%;

The sugar cane breed adopted comprises a kind of disease and insect resistance kind and at least 3 kinds of common varieties; Sow based on described disease and insect resistance kind, at interval of planting the common variety described in 1 strain between 4-5m;

Described intertillage checked sugarcane field, the common variety growth conditions described in primary part observation in managing every 10-15 days, sugarcane field entirety was administered according to common variety disease and pest symptom; Sugarcane was carried out stripping except leaf higher than after 1m every 20-30 days by sugarcane production, sprayed a foliage fertilizer simultaneously.

2. low murder by poisoning cane planting method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that, described bulk application, uses in the bottom of described sugarcane ditch, and fertile amount is composite fertilizer 30-35 kg/acre, 8-20 kg/acre, pure potash fertilizer, 5-10 kg/acre, phosphate fertilizer, diamines 6-12 kg/acre;

Described composite fertilizer, its be dry Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf, livestock and poultry cultivation ight soil through being pulverized and mixed, add the alcohol waste liquid for sugar refinery that weight is 0.07-0.1 times of mixture weight, acquisition in 7-10 days of fermenting at 50-60 DEG C.

3. low murder by poisoning cane planting method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that, described sugarcane genotypes, uses 2-3% liming to soak 12h before sowing.

4. low murder by poisoning cane planting method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that, described mulch film is thickness 0.007-0.012cm, wide cut 0.8-1.2m black photodissociation mulch film.

5. low murder by poisoning cane planting method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that, it has been found that there is sugarcane moth borer in described common sugar cane breed, release trichogramma 8-10 ten thousand/mu.