CN104272981A

CN104272981A - Tomato grafting method

Info

Publication number: CN104272981A
Application number: CN201410504107.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨东胜
Original assignee: DINGYUAN JINSHENG AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT Co Ltd
Current assignee: DINGYUAN JINSHENG AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT Co Ltd
Priority date: 2014-09-28
Filing date: 2014-09-28
Publication date: 2015-01-14
Anticipated expiration: 2034-09-28
Also published as: CN104272981B

Abstract

The invention discloses a tomato grafting method. The method includes the steps of variety selection, robust stock cultivation, scion, grafting, post-grafting management and the like. From increase of survival rate of seeds to stock and scion preparation before grafting, grafting process and later-period maintenance, resistance of plants is improved, cell division is promoted, wound healing is accelerated, and grafted seedlings are enabled to resume growth. According to tomato seedlings cultivated according to the grafting method, bacterial wilt, root rot and root-knot nematode resistance performance of the plants can be improved by 80-90%, and survival rate of the grafted seedlings reaches above 98%.

Description

A kind of grafting method of tomato

Technical field

The invention belongs to growing vegetables technical field, be specifically related to a kind of grafting method of tomato.

Background technology

Tomato is as the main cultivation vegetable crop of facility cultivation, its area under cultivation is expanding year by year, in recent years, speed due to booth is lost no time receipts, soil-borne disease insect pest in canopy is seriously occurred, especially the bacterial wilt of tomato, root rot, root-knot nematodes etc. are more serious, output, benefit, quality has decline, in order to address this problem, generally use tomato graft technology now, grafting cultivation not only can control root disease effectively, and growth potential is strong, output is high, graft seedling growth technology can expertly be grasped in major part growing tomatoes family, but planting percent is not too high after grafting, and the quality of seedling is also bad, easy infection virus disease, increase the weight of the burden of peasant, seriously constrain tomato large-scale production.

Summary of the invention

For solving the problem, the invention discloses a kind of grafting method of tomato, the difficult problem that bacterial wilt harm is heavy, control is difficult is fundamentally solved by the tomato after the method grafting, changing tomato must not continuous cropping continuous cropping situation, for development tomato is produced, increase peasant income, play crucial effectiveness.

For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

A grafting method for tomato, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:

(1) Fruit variety

The wild seed selection tomato kind of Root-stock selection height resistance to bacterial wilt and root knot nematode disease, scion can use conventional variety, by seed 40 DEG C of emerge in worm water 3-4 hour before sowing, then soaks 10-20 minute in the liquor potassic permanganate putting into 1%, takes out and clean vernalization;

(2) healthy and strong stock, scion is cultivated

Stock shifts to an earlier date sowing in 5-7 days, and stock program request is in sterile soil, and scion adopts flat furrow light seeding, within before grafting 1-2 days, scion to be heeled in the nutritive cube that plant production nutrient solution is housed;

(3) grafting

When stock, to grow to 8-l0cm high, the thick 3-6mm of stem gets final product grafting, 1-1.5cm place blade crosscut stock stem below stock cotyledon, remove top, cut off by oblique in the middle of stem again, its tangent line and axis present 45° angle, requirement tangent plane is level and smooth, then scion is retained upper slice 2 to 3 true leaves, bottom is cut away with blade, top cutting section is whittled into trapezoidal, trapezoidal size, gradient should be suitable with stock otch, insert in stock with by scion, with the tight bondage of belt, make stock, scion combines closely, outside plastic foil packs tightly guarantees interface humidity and healing condition,

(4) managing after grafting

After young plant connects, airtight shading is placed in plastic greenhouse, water sufficient water, keep the air humidity of more than 95%, temperature 22-25 DEG C on daytime, night 18-22 DEG C, within second day, open plastic foil, after 3 days, air humidity is reduced to 75%-80%, within the 4th day, sees light 0.5-1 hour, within 5th day, see light 1-2 hour, within 6th day, see light 3-5 hour, within the 7th day, start whole day and see light, unlace after wound healing in 7-8 days transplanting in time.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:

Step of the present invention (1), to the tamato seed disinfection prior to seeding not having Cotton seeds, can kill the germ entrained by seed, the generation of pre-anti-virus, improves the survival rate of seed.

See according to concrete practice: stock wants old, scion is tender, the shoot survival percent of such grafting is higher, therefore in step (2), stock shifts to an earlier date sowing in 5-7 days, stock so just can be made preferably synchronous with scion seedling, within before grafting 1-2 days, scion heeled in the nutritive cube that plant production nutrient solution is housed, scion cell sap concentration before grafting, will be made suitably higher than stock, carry out Premeabilisation of cells pressure very soon after being beneficial to grafting, make the moisture of stock rhizome be supplied to scion as early as possible.

Step of the present invention (3) grafting below stock cotyledon, and grafting place is set to trapezoidal, contact area is large, survival rate is high, and cutting face is smooth, smooth, and the interface of scion and stock is tightr, there is no gap in theory, thus make wound be easier to healing, improve survival rate.

Managing after grafting in step of the present invention (4), the height of young plant survival rate height and resistance against diseases will be directly connected to, after parent is left in scion cutting, dehydration can occur that physiological is wilting in atmosphere, affect the agglutination after grafting, produce irreversible permanent wilting during serious dehydration, cannot be healed seedling, in order to reduce the wilting degree of physiology as far as possible, permanent wilting phenomenon is avoided to occur completely, scion cell sap concentration to be made before grafting suitably higher than stock, in order to very fast by Premeabilisation of cells pressure after grafting; Healing stage in grafting and after grafting, according to grafting method, strict sunshade measure, windproof moisturizing, reduces rising and evaporation, weakens the metabolic processes such as photosynthetic, breathing, the anti-infection of grafting wound, makes grafting be in " dormancy " state, in order to wound healing, improve survival rate, within second day, open plastic foil, humidity can be prevented excessive, cause grafting vacation to survive, within 4th day, start to see that light and shading hocket, be conducive to carrying out photosynthesis; The tomato seedling cultivated according to grafting method of the present invention, the performance of the resistance to bacterial wilt of plant, root rot, root-knot nematode improves 80-90%, and cell division is fast, and wound healing is fast, and grafting survival rate is to more than 98%.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with embodiment, illustrate the present invention further, following embodiment should be understood and be only not used in for illustration of the present invention and limit the scope of the invention.

Embodiment 1

The grafting method of a kind of tomato described in the present embodiment, comprises the following steps:

(1) Fruit variety

The wild seed selection tomato kind of Root-stock selection height resistance to bacterial wilt and root knot nematode disease, scion can use conventional variety, by seed 40 DEG C of emerge in worm water 4 hours before sowing, then soaks 20 minutes in the liquor potassic permanganate putting into 1%, takes out and clean vernalization;

(2) healthy and strong stock, scion is cultivated

Stock shifts to an earlier date sowing in 7 days, and stock program request is in sterile soil, and scion adopts flat furrow light seeding, and scion is heeled in the nutritive cube that plant production nutrient solution is housed by first 2 days of grafting;

(3) grafting

When stock, to grow to l0cm high, the thick 5mm of stem gets final product grafting, 1cm place blade crosscut stock stem below stock cotyledon, remove top, cut off by oblique in the middle of stem again, its tangent line and axis present 45° angle, requirement tangent plane is level and smooth, then scion is retained upper slice 3 true leaves, cuts away bottom with blade, top cutting section is whittled into trapezoidal, trapezoidal size, gradient should be suitable with stock otch, insert in stock, with the tight bondage of belt with by scion, make stock, scion combines closely, outside plastic foil packs tightly guarantees interface humidity and healing condition;

(4) managing after grafting

After young plant connects, airtight shading is placed in plastic greenhouse, water sufficient water, keep the air humidity of more than 95%, temperature daytime 25 DEG C, night 20 DEG C, within second day, open plastic foil, after 3 days, air humidity is reduced to 75%, within the 4th day, sees light 0.5 hour, within 5th day, see light 2 hours, within 6th day, see light 4 hours, within the 7th day, start whole day and see light, unlace after wound healing in 8 days transplanting in time.

The tomato seedling cultivated according to the grafting method described in the present embodiment, the performance of the resistance to bacterial wilt of plant, root rot, root-knot nematode improves 90%, and cell division is fast, and wound healing is fast, and grafting survival rate is to 98%.

Embodiment 2

(1) Fruit variety

The wild seed selection tomato kind of Root-stock selection height resistance to bacterial wilt and root knot nematode disease, scion can use conventional variety, by seed 40 DEG C of emerge in worm water 3 hours before sowing, then soaks 12 minutes in the liquor potassic permanganate putting into 1%, takes out and clean vernalization;

(2) healthy and strong stock, scion is cultivated

Stock shifts to an earlier date sowing in 6 days, and stock program request is in sterile soil, and scion adopts flat furrow light seeding, and scion is heeled in the nutritive cube that plant production nutrient solution is housed by first 1 day of grafting;

(3) grafting

When stock, to grow to 9cm high, the thick 6mm of stem gets final product grafting, 1.5cm place blade crosscut stock stem below stock cotyledon, remove top, cut off by oblique in the middle of stem again, its tangent line and axis present 45° angle, requirement tangent plane is level and smooth, then scion is retained upper slice 2 true leaves, cuts away bottom with blade, top cutting section is whittled into trapezoidal, trapezoidal size, gradient should be suitable with stock otch, insert in stock, with the tight bondage of belt with by scion, make stock, scion combines closely, outside plastic foil packs tightly guarantees interface humidity and healing condition;

(4) managing after grafting

After young plant connects, airtight shading is placed in plastic greenhouse, water sufficient water, keep the air humidity of 96%, temperature daytime 24 DEG C, night 18 DEG C, within second day, open plastic foil, after 3 days, air humidity is reduced to 80%, within the 4th day, sees light 1 hour, within 5th day, see light 2 hours, within 6th day, see light 5 hours, within the 7th day, start whole day and see light, unlace after wound healing in 7 days transplanting in time.

The tomato seedling cultivated according to the grafting method described in the present embodiment, the performance of the resistance to bacterial wilt of plant, root rot, root-knot nematode improves 82%, and cell division is fast, and wound healing is fast, and grafting survival rate is to 98.6%.

Technological means disclosed in the present invention program is not limited only to the technological means disclosed in above-mentioned embodiment, also comprises the technical scheme be made up of above technical characteristic.

Claims

1. a grafting method for tomato, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:

(1) Fruit variety

(2) healthy and strong stock, scion is cultivated

(3) grafting

(4) managing after grafting

After young plant connects, airtight shading is placed in plastic greenhouse, water sufficient water, keep the air humidity of more than 95%, temperature 22-25 DEG C on daytime, night 18-22 DEG C, within second day, open plastic foil, after 3 days, air humidity is reduced at 75%-80%, within the 4th day, sees light 0.5-1 hour, within 5th day, see light 1-2 hour, within 6th day, see light 3-5 hour, within the 7th day, start whole day and see light, unlace after wound healing in 7-8 days transplanting in time.