CN104170649A - Continuous production method for edible fungus - Google Patents
Continuous production method for edible fungus Download PDFInfo
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- CN104170649A CN104170649A CN201410388651.2A CN201410388651A CN104170649A CN 104170649 A CN104170649 A CN 104170649A CN 201410388651 A CN201410388651 A CN 201410388651A CN 104170649 A CN104170649 A CN 104170649A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a continuous production method for an edible fungus and aims to solve the problem that the production efficiency and the cost are influenced by a mycelium culture cycle. The continuous production method is as follows: artificial sterilization and inoculation are operated in the production process of the edible fungus. According to the invention, the continuous production method for the edible fungus has the following advantages: the continuity of production process is good, the workload of manual operation is greatly reduced, the mycelium culture cycle is short, the continuous production method is more environment-friendly and energy-saving and production equipment are relatively simple compared with the prior art, the production cost is greatly reduced, and the continuous production method has wide application prospect in the production process of the edible fungus.
Description
Technical field
An edible mushroom continuous producing method, relates to the technical field of Edible Fungi.
Background technology
Edible fungi nutrition is worth very high, and the numerous species in the middle of them is not only tasty food, and human body is also had to certain health care, in the traditional diet culture of China, is listed in mountain delicacy.The Edible Fungi of China has formed a large industry at present, is improving peasant income, promotes Agricultural Industrialization Development aspect to bring into play positive role.Because producing the primary raw material of edible mushroom is the agro-product processing offcuts such as wood chip, agricultural crop straw, rice chaff, cotton seed hulls, wheat bran, sugar beet pulp, residue of soya, so greatly develop Edible Fungi, do not strive field with agricultural production, strive fertilizer, be conducive to the further degraded of the materials such as agricultural crop straw, be conducive to the ecological circulation that organic farming is produced, be conducive to the structural adjustment of agricultural industry.For the such populous nation that can utilize land limited of China, promote the sound development of Edible Fungi to have important practical significance.
Along with scientific and technical development, China's Edible Fungi pattern is just progressively developed to mechanization, batch production production model by workshop-based manual operations, " wooden rotten type " edible fungus industrial production is at present mainly that bag is planted (or bottle is planted) production technology, and the technological process of production is generally as Figure of description 1; The described technological process of production be the preparation of culture medium of edible fungus with mix and carry after, connect automatic bagging or bottling machine; The bacterium bag installing or bacterium bottle are by people's frock basket (or automatic basket loading) and pack travelling bogie into, send in tunnel sterilizer and carry out a batch sterilization treatment, enter clean environment and carry out cooling after sterilizing; After cooling, in being the clean environment of 100 grades, air purity inoculates, it is in the intelligent culturing room of 10,000 grades, to send out bacterium to cultivate that postvaccinal bacterium bag or bacterium bottle are admitted to air purity, treat that mycelia covers with bacterium bag or bacterium bottle, proceed to mushroom producing room and carry out management of producing mushroom operation, after fruiting, carry out fruit body and cultivate management, while reaching the requirement of commodity mushroom, gather in time and be processed into product introduction market sale.
In the above-mentioned technological process of production, main problem is at present: 1, in automatic bagging production process, automaticity is not also very high, and manually-operated workload is still very large, also has very large room for improvement.2, the sterilization treatment of edible-fungus culturing bag (or edible fungi cultivating bottle) can not be carried out continuously, can only pack continuously at present (bottling) and hocket with the technical process of sterilizing in batches, and whole technological process still can not realize carrying out continuously truly.3,, in two kinds of discontinuous technological operation handoff procedures, the workload of a dead lift operation is still very large.4, inoculate full-automatic requirement very high, partial automation needs indirect labor to operate.5, adopt bag to plant (or bottle is planted) mode cultured mycelia, the incubation time that covers with bacterium bag is longer.In addition, production equipment relative complex, the Mycelium culture cycle is partially long, the performance accuracy leeway that is all significantly improved such as have relatively high expectations.
Summary of the invention
In Edible Fungi, artificial, sterilizing, inoculation operation; And the Mycelium culture cycle is the key link that affects Edible Fungi efficiency and cost.For the problems referred to above in Edible Fungi, we have invented a kind of edible mushroom continuous producing method.The advantage of the method is that the continuity of production procedure is good, can significantly reduce manually-operated workload, and the Mycelium culture cycle is short, more environmental protection and energy saving compared with the prior art, and production equipment is simpler than relative with existing technique, and production cost is expected to significantly reduce.
A kind of edible mushroom continuous producing method of our invention, Figure of description 2 is shown in its technological process, the feature of this technological process be the preparation of culture medium of edible fungus with mix and carry after, what connect is the operation of planting material continuous sterilization, sterilizing adopts tubular type microwave continuous bactericidal unit, feed end is conventional environment, discharge end is sterile purification environment, air purity reaches 100 grades, after forcing indirect water-cooling, inoculate, inoculation adopts liquid spawn and culture medium of edible fungus to puddle mode, and inoculum concentration 1-10% is depending on technological requirement and edible fungus variety.Postvaccinal composts or fertilisers of cultivating mushroom is in air purity is the culturing room of 100 grades, adopt solid-state continuous the bacterium of thin layer to cultivate, the situation that the gas permeability of cultivating due to thin layer and thermal diffusivity are better than bacterium bag inside greatly, mycelia can be covered with composts or fertilisers of cultivating in 3-6 days, than bacterium bag, send out 5-10 times of bacterium time shortens, utilization rate of equipment and installations significantly improves.After covering with composts or fertilisers of cultivating, mycelia by forcing cooling composts or fertilisers of cultivating mushroom fully to mix, fills basket with 1:1-1:0.2 sterilizing, send into air purity and be and in the intelligent culturing room of 10,000 grades, send out bacterium and cultivate, after mycelia is covered with, proceed to mushroom producing room and carry out management of producing mushroom operation, after fruiting, carry out fruit body and cultivate management, while reaching the requirement of commodity mushroom, gather in time and be processed into product introduction market sale.
In the above-mentioned technological process of production, main feature is: 1, cancelled composts or fertilisers of cultivating mushroom pack (bottling) process, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating mushroom preparing is directly carried out to microwave continuous sterilizing, optimized production technology, simplified production equipment, improved the automation serialization degree of producing, significantly improved production efficiency, energy-saving and environmental protecting.2, culture medium of edible fungus adopts combined inoculation mode, has reduced inoculation operation easier and has simplified inoculating facility simultaneously.3, adopt thin layer continuous culture to send out bacterium mode, shorten mycelium growing period several times, utilization rate of equipment and installations is greatly improved.4, adopt composts or fertilisers of cultivating mushroom and the sterilizing of covering with mycelia to fill basket, the operation of dress dolly by forcing cooling composts or fertilisers of cultivating mushroom 1:1-1:0.2 fully to mix, be connected with current manufacturing process of edible fungi.Due to the improvement of above-mentioned production technology, can significantly reduce manually-operated workload, the Mycelium culture cycle is short, more environmental protection and energy saving compared with the prior art, production equipment is simpler than relative with existing technique, and production cost is expected to significantly reduce; Application prospect is very optimistic.
Just the key technology of a kind of edible mushroom continuous producing method of our invention further illustrates as follows below:
1, adopt microwave continuous sterilization technology: adopt microwave technology (list of references: a kind of method of multistage microwave continuous heating sterilization of solid materials and the special purpose device patent No.: ZL200910113313.7) can process continuously composts or fertilisers of cultivating mushroom, sterilizing adopts tubular type microwave continuous bactericidal unit, feed end is conventional environment, discharge end is sterile purification environment, air purity reaches 100 grades, after forcing indirect water-cooling, inoculate, inoculation adopts liquid spawn and culture medium of edible fungus to puddle mode, inoculum concentration 1-10% is depending on technological requirement and edible fungus variety.Postvaccinal composts or fertilisers of cultivating mushroom, in air purity is the culturing room of 100 grades, adopts continous thin layer to cultivate, and the continuity of production process significantly improves than prior art, and culture space and utilization rate of equipment and installations also significantly improve.
2, change and generally have human-aided meticulous continuous inoculation operation, for puddling vaccination ways without human-aided foolproof liquid spawn and culture medium of edible fungus.Improved significantly the efficiency of inoculation, the living contaminants chance having caused while having avoided inoculating operation because of personnel, has simplified inoculating process and equipment, has improved the success rate of inoculation.
3, adopt continous thin layer to cultivate, the situation that the gas permeability of cultivating due to thin layer and thermal diffusivity are better than bacterium bag inside greatly, composts or fertilisers of cultivating mushroom mixes disperse more even with liquid spawn, make the growing environment of hypha of edible fungus be better than the situation that bag is planted (bottle is planted), very favourable mycelial growth, 10
0c-28
0under C temperature match curing conditions, cultivate, temperature is just depending on mycelium growing way and growing environment, and mycelia can be covered with composts or fertilisers of cultivating in 3-6 days under normal circumstances, than bacterium bag, sends out 5-10 times of bacterium time shortens.Mycelia is continuous culture on conveyer belt, and utilization rate of equipment and installations and production efficiency significantly improve.
4, mycelia is covered with after composts or fertilisers of cultivating, mixes dress basket with the composts or fertilisers of cultivating after sterilizing by 1 to 1, and small basket is separated into 3 * 4 space, can hold 1Kg material (culture medium of edible fungus) in each space, has the space of 1cm to be beneficial to heat radiation between space.Above-mentioned cultivation basket can be piled up and be positioned in travelling bogie, send into air purity and be and in the intelligent culturing room of 10,000 grades, send out bacterium and cultivate, treat that mycelia covers with bacterium bag or bacterium bottle, proceed to mushroom producing room and carry out management of producing mushroom operation, after fruiting, carry out fruit body and cultivate management, while reaching the requirement of commodity mushroom, gather in time and be processed into product introduction market sale.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1: " wooden rotten type " edible fungus industrial technological process of production schematic diagram of present; Wherein, 1, master clock; 2, shaking flask expands; 3, liquid bacterium continuous culture device; 4, Automatic continuous inoculation device; 5, automatic bagging (bottle) production line; 6, vehicle of sterilization; 7, autosterilization cooling cabinet; 16, connect an intelligent culturing room; 17, greenhouse by solar heat; 18, controlled atmosphere mushroom producing room; 19, mushroom series products.
Fig. 2: a kind of edible mushroom continuous production processes schematic flow sheet of the present invention; Wherein, 1, master clock; 2, shaking flask expands; 3, liquid bacterium continuous culture device; 8, batching is puddled; 9, microwave continuous sterilizing; 10, stir cooling inoculation; 11, in frame line, be 100 grades of air cleaning environment; 12, solid-state continuous the bacterium of thin layer cultivated; 13, material is smashed; 14, automatic basket loading; 15, transfer cart; 17, greenhouse by solar heat; 18, controlled atmosphere mushroom producing room; 19, mushroom series products.
Embodiment
Below, for embodiment, the present invention is described, still, the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
embodiment mono-:the continuous production of flat mushroom
Adopt cotton seed hulls 30%, corncob 30%, wood chip 30%, wheat bran 8%, calcium carbonate 2%, water content 60%, be hybridly prepared into Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation material.Adopt tubular type microwave continuous bactericidal unit to carry out planting material sterilizing, feed end is conventional environment, discharge end is sterile purification environment, air purity reaches 100 grades, after forcing indirect water-cooling, inoculate, inoculation adopts liquid spawn and culture medium of edible fungus to puddle mode, and inoculum concentration 1-10% is depending on technological requirement and edible fungus variety.Postvaccinal composts or fertilisers of cultivating mushroom is in air purity is the culturing room of 10,000 grades, adopt solid-state continous thin layer to cultivate, gas permeability and the thermal diffusivity due to thin layer, cultivated are good, and composts or fertilisers of cultivating mushroom mixes disperse more even with liquid spawn, very favourable mycelial growth, 10
0c-28
0under C temperature match curing conditions, cultivate, temperature is just depending on mycelium growing way and growing environment, and mycelia can be covered with composts or fertilisers of cultivating about 3 days under normal circumstances.After covering with composts or fertilisers of cultivating, mycelia by forcing cooling composts or fertilisers of cultivating mushroom fully to mix, fills basket with 1:1 sterilizing, send into air purity and be and in the Intelligent joint culturing room of 100,000 grades, send out bacterium and cultivate, after mycelia is covered with, proceed to mushroom producing room and carry out management of producing mushroom operation, after fruiting, carry out fruit body and cultivate management, while reaching the requirement of commodity mushroom, gather in time and be processed into product introduction market sale.
embodiment bis-:the continuous production of Xingbao mushroom
Adopt corncob 40%, wood chip 30%, rice bran 19%, wheat bran 10%, calcium carbonate 1%, water content 60%, be hybridly prepared into planting almond abalone mushroom material.Adopt tubular type microwave continuous bactericidal unit to carry out planting material sterilizing, feed end is conventional environment, discharge end is sterile purification environment, air purity reaches 100 grades, after forcing indirect water-cooling, inoculate, inoculation adopts liquid spawn and culture medium of edible fungus to puddle mode, and inoculum concentration 1-10% is depending on technological requirement and edible fungus variety.Postvaccinal composts or fertilisers of cultivating mushroom is in air purity is the culturing room of 100 grades, adopt solid-state continous thin layer to cultivate, gas permeability and the thermal diffusivity due to thin layer, cultivated are good, and composts or fertilisers of cultivating mushroom mixes disperse more even with liquid spawn, very favourable mycelial growth, 10
0c-28
0under C temperature match curing conditions, cultivate, temperature is just depending on mycelium growing way and growing environment, and mycelia can be covered with composts or fertilisers of cultivating about 5 days under normal circumstances.After covering with composts or fertilisers of cultivating, mycelia by forcing cooling composts or fertilisers of cultivating mushroom fully to mix, fills basket with the sterilizing of 0.5 times of volume, send into air purity and be and in the Intelligent joint culturing room of 10,000 grades, send out bacterium and cultivate, after mycelia is covered with, proceed to mushroom producing room and carry out management of producing mushroom operation, after fruiting, carry out fruit body and cultivate management, while reaching the requirement of commodity mushroom, gather in time and be processed into product introduction market sale.
embodiment tri-:the continuous production of Asparagus
Adopt corncob 70%, rice bran 15%, wheat bran 11%, corn flour 3%, calcium carbonate 1%, water content 60%, be hybridly prepared into golden mushroom plantation material.Adopt tubular type microwave continuous bactericidal unit to carry out planting material sterilizing, feed end is conventional environment, discharge end is sterile purification environment, air purity reaches 100 grades, after forcing indirect water-cooling, inoculate, inoculation adopts liquid spawn and culture medium of edible fungus to puddle mode, and inoculum concentration 1-10% is depending on technological requirement and edible fungus variety.Postvaccinal composts or fertilisers of cultivating mushroom is in air purity is the culturing room of 100 grades, adopt solid-state continous thin layer to cultivate, gas permeability and the thermal diffusivity due to thin layer, cultivated are good, and composts or fertilisers of cultivating mushroom mixes disperse more even with liquid spawn, very favourable mycelial growth, 10
0c-28
0under C temperature match curing conditions, cultivate, temperature is just depending on mycelium growing way and growing environment, and mycelia can be covered with composts or fertilisers of cultivating about 6 days under normal circumstances.After covering with composts or fertilisers of cultivating, mycelia by forcing cooling composts or fertilisers of cultivating mushroom fully to mix, fills basket with the sterilizing of 0.2 times of volume, send into air purity and be and in the Intelligent joint culturing room of 10,000 grades, send out bacterium and cultivate, after mycelia is covered with, proceed to mushroom producing room and carry out management of producing mushroom operation, after fruiting, carry out fruit body and cultivate management, while reaching the requirement of commodity mushroom, gather in time and be processed into product introduction market sale.
Claims (5)
1. an edible mushroom continuous producing method, the method the preparation of culture medium of edible fungus with mix and carry after, what connect is the operation of planting material continuous sterilization, feed end is conventional environment, discharge end is sterile purification environment, and air purity reaches 100 grades, after forcing indirect water-cooling, inoculates, inoculation adopts liquid spawn and culture medium of edible fungus to puddle mode, and inoculum concentration 1-10% is depending on technological requirement and edible fungus variety.Postvaccinal composts or fertilisers of cultivating mushroom is in the culturing room of air cleaning, adopt solid-state continuous the bacterium of thin layer to cultivate, after covering with composts or fertilisers of cultivating, mycelia by forcing cooling composts or fertilisers of cultivating mushroom fully to mix, fills basket with sterilizing, send into and in the intelligent culturing room of air cleaning, send out bacterium and cultivate, after mycelia is covered with, proceed to mushroom producing room and carry out management of producing mushroom operation, after fruiting, carry out fruit body and cultivate management, while reaching the requirement of commodity mushroom, gather in time and be processed into product introduction market sale; The feature of the method is to have realized the continuous production of edible mushroom.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: adopt solid-state continuous the bacterium of thin layer to cultivate, make hypha of edible fungus can cover with composts or fertilisers of cultivating in 3-6 days.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: do not need pack or bottling operation, simplified manufacturing process of edible fungi, improved production efficiency, improved the continuity of production process.
4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: adopt mixing mode to carry out the inoculation operation of edible mushroom, reduced inoculation operation easier, simplified inoculation operating equipment.
5. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: Mycelium culture adopts 10
0c-28
0under C temperature match curing conditions, cultivate, temperature is just depending on mycelium growing way and growing environment.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107094500A (en) * | 2017-06-17 | 2017-08-29 | 发贵科技（贵州）有限公司 | A kind of flow production line system of planting edible mushroom |
| CN107114121A (en) * | 2017-06-17 | 2017-09-01 | 发贵科技（贵州）有限公司 | A kind of sterilization and inoculation integrated equipment system of the production of planting edible mushroom |
| CN107258314A (en) * | 2016-04-08 | 2017-10-20 | 单文修 | A kind of edible fungi material continuous production device and method |
| CN107258315A (en) * | 2016-04-08 | 2017-10-20 | 单文修 | A kind of straw rotting fungus mode of production and equipment |
| CN109122031A (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2019-01-04 | 云南菌视界生物科技有限公司 | The method of facility sequential cropping cultivation Stropharia rugoso-annulata |
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| CN107114121A (en) * | 2017-06-17 | 2017-09-01 | 发贵科技（贵州）有限公司 | A kind of sterilization and inoculation integrated equipment system of the production of planting edible mushroom |
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| CN109122031A (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2019-01-04 | 云南菌视界生物科技有限公司 | The method of facility sequential cropping cultivation Stropharia rugoso-annulata |
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Application publication date: 20141203 |