CN103563652A

CN103563652A - Method for cultivating pleurotus cornucopiae at high yield and high efficiency in autumn and winter

Info

Publication number: CN103563652A
Application number: CN201310521052.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄秀英
Original assignee: 黄秀英
Priority date: 2013-10-29
Filing date: 2013-10-29
Publication date: 2014-02-12

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for cultivating pleurotus cornucopiae at a high yield and high efficiency autumn and winter. The method particularly comprises the steps that culture preparation and production are arranged from the last ten days of September to the middle ten days of October every year; after a cultivation material is organized, fermentation, bagging and seeding are performed; charging and inoculation are performed by a five-layer material and four-layer culture method; the seeding quantity generally accounts for 15-20% of the weight of a dry material; and then hairy fungus and fruiting management is performed. With the adoption of the method, the cultivation material can be directly bagged and inoculated after fermented, so that energy consumption and complicated high-pressure and normal-pressure sterilization are avoided; and the charging and the inoculation are performed by the five-layer material and four-layer culture method, so that hypha germinating and feeding are rapid, and rapider for more than one half of the time compared with the traditional method. In addition, in a later management process, a comprehensive-nutrition nutrient solution is supplemented, and the high and stable yield of the pleurotus cornucopiae is ensured. With the adoption of the method, the pleurotus cornucopiae can grow 4-5 flushes within a cultivation period, and an average conversion rate of the finished pleurotus cornucopiae is above 200%.

Description

A kind of method in time autumn and winter high-yield high-efficiency cultivation Ji mushroom

Technical field

The invention belongs to edible fungus culturing new technical field, be specifically related to a kind of method in time autumn and winter high-yield high-efficiency cultivation Ji mushroom.

Technical background

Ji mushroom, is unique flat mushroom kind, Pleurotus, formal name used at school Ji mushroom.Ji mushroom is also " small mushroom " or cries " picking up the ears ", and they all belong to Homonemeae food.Ji mushroom is prevailing a kind of in daily edible mushroom, and Ji mushroom cap is conchoidal or fan-shaped, and when children is cinerous or dark class look, after become light gray or yellowish-brown, yellow when old; Stem adnation or wilfully, meat is not older, soft good to eat, there is the fragrance of similar oyster.No matter flat mushroom is eaten element stir-fry and is still made meat dish, and all very fresh and tender tempting, price is cheap in addition, is the good merchantable brand on common people's dining table.Flat mushroom is edible take fresh goods as main, and can and dried product are seldom edible.Flat mushroom is with look white, Bai Houzhi is tender, and delicious flavour person is good.Biological property and the flat mushroom of Ji mushroom are basic identical, and just fruit body generating capacity is more, also closeer, and fruiting humidity and fruit body differentiation temperature requirement are lower.Ji mushroom is owing to gathering early, and output is slightly low compared with flat mushroom, and relative biological effectiveness is many 120%～150%.

The resistance of Ji mushroom and adaptability are all very strong, and available culturing raw material is also very extensive, slightly different from mushroom cultivation method.Ji mushroom is taked raw material, cured material bag-cultured wall formula fruiting more at present.Current, Ji mushroom one the cultivation cycle four damp mushroom, average finished product mushroom conversion ratio 80%, input-output ratio 1:2.5.

Summary of the invention

Object of the present invention is just to provide a kind of brand-new method in time autumn and winter high-yield high-efficiency cultivation Ji mushroom.Specifically comprise: in annual late September to mid-October, start to arrange preparation to produce bacterial classification, planting material ferments, pack sowing after organizing, when feeding and inoculating, adopt the method for four layers of bacterium of five layered materials, seeding quantity generally account for siccative heavy 15～20%; Then send out bacterium, management of producing mushroom.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A method in time autumn and winter high-yield high-efficiency cultivation Ji mushroom, comprises the steps: in technical scheme

1, scheduling of production: generally start preparation in late September to mid-October and produce bacterial classification.

2, planting material forms and proportioning: corncob 80.6%, wheat bran 11%, lime 3%, gypsum 2%, superphosphate 2%, urea 0.3%, 0.1%, every hundred kilograms of siccatives of carbendazim add 40 milliliters of triacontanols, and material-water ratio is 1:1.4～1.5.

3, planting material fermentation: the material preparing is mixed and mixed after water, pile wide 1～1.5 meter, high 1～1.2 meter, the long stockpile of not limitting, then plastic covering film heat and moisture preserving carries out anaerobic fermentation, 2～3 days heap temperature can rise to 60 ℃ of left and right and get final product turning, within every 3～4 days, turn over once, turn over altogether 2～3 times, after each turning, material surface should spray 1000 times of beta-cypermethrins, after fermentation ends, when material temperature is down to 30 ℃ of left and right, can pack inoculation.

4, pack sowing: with the bacterium bag of 22 * 0.03 * 48 centimetres, as cultivation bag, use large size sewing-needle to prick three and arrange air-vents on bag, every row pricks 9, hole, respectively 1 arrange with bag middle in distance bag 100 millimeters of places the position of air-vent; First free of contamination of the right age production bacterial classification is broken into corn size, when charging and inoculation, is adopted the method for four layers of bacterium of five layered materials, seeding quantity generally account for siccative heavy 15～20%.

5, hair tube reason: after planting bacterium bag is moved to shady and cool ventilation place, well word arrangement, is highly no more than 5 layers, and between bacteria developing period, every 7 days collapses of setting once, are sent out bacterium in order to equilibrium.

6, fruiting period management: when mycelia sends out bacterium bag full, can enter canopy piling, 8～11 layers of general height of embankments, then according to conventional management by methods to fruiting.

7, timely collecting: when maximum mushroom umbrella reaches 28～30 millimeters in one clump of Ji mushroom, be the best period of this clump of mushroom harvesting.

8, final-period management: Ji mushroom goes out after one, two damp mushrooms, bacterium bag moisture and nutrient consumption are larger, can be in conjunction with the liquid of building up one's health, every hundred kilograms of nutrient solutions are comprised of 0.5～1.0 kilogram, 100 kilograms, water, 0.4～0.7 kilogram, urea, 0.1 kilogram, magnesium sulfate, 40 milliliters of triacontanols, lime; The nutrient solution preparing is injected in bag by bag with special-purpose injector, and 0.4～0.75 kilogram of every bag of water filling, after water filling, often goes out a damp mushroom water filling once, general water filling 4～5 times for the first time.

Compared with prior art, the present invention both had the following advantages:

1, Ji's mushroom cultivation method technique proposed by the invention is simple, easily implements.

2, by implementing the present invention, composts or fertilisers of cultivating can directly pack inoculation by fermentation afterwards, has avoided power consumption and loaded down with trivial details high pressure, normal-pressure sterilization.

3, by implementing the present invention, adopt the method for four layers of bacterium of five layered materials when charging and inoculation, mycelium germination and material feeding are fast, with regard to conventional method, compare, and the fast time over half.

4, by implementing the present invention, in final-period management process, supplement the nutrient solution of comprehensive nutrition, ensured the stable high yield of Ji mushroom.

5, by implementing the present invention, a cultivation cycle of Ji mushroom can go out 4～5 damp mushrooms, and average finished product mushroom conversion ratio is more than 200%.

6, the present invention is applicable to branched oyster mushroom industrialized, intensive, large-scale production very much, is worth promoting.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with embodiment, method of the present invention is further illustrated.

In a method for time autumn and winter high-yield high-efficiency cultivation Ji mushroom, embodiment is as follows:

Claims

1. in a method for time autumn and winter high-yield high-efficiency cultivation Ji mushroom, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:

(1) scheduling of production: generally start preparation in late September to mid-October and produce bacterial classification;

(2) planting material forms and proportioning: corncob 80.6%, wheat bran 11%, lime 3%, gypsum 2%, superphosphate 2%, urea 0.3%, 0.1%, every hundred kilograms of siccatives of carbendazim add 40 milliliters of triacontanols, and material-water ratio is 1:1.4～1.5;

(3) planting material fermentation: the material preparing is mixed and mixed after water, pile wide 1～1.5 meter, high 1～1.2 meter, the long stockpile of not limitting, then plastic covering film heat and moisture preserving carries out anaerobic fermentation, 2～3 days heap temperature can rise to 60 ℃ of left and right and get final product turning, within every 3～4 days, turn over once, turn over altogether 2～3 times, after each turning, material surface should spray 1000 times of beta-cypermethrins, after fermentation ends, when material temperature is down to 30 ℃ of left and right, can pack inoculation;

(4) pack sowing: with the bacterium bag of 22 * 0.03 * 48 centimetres, as cultivation bag, use large size sewing-needle to prick three and arrange air-vents on bag, every row pricks 9, hole, respectively 1 arrange with bag middle in distance bag 100 millimeters of places the position of air-vent; First free of contamination of the right age production bacterial classification is broken into corn size, when charging and inoculation, is adopted the method for four layers of bacterium of five layered materials, seeding quantity generally account for siccative heavy 15～20%;

(5) hair tube reason: after planting bacterium bag is moved to shady and cool ventilation place, well word arrangement, is highly no more than 5 layers, and between bacteria developing period, every 7 days collapses of setting once, are sent out bacterium in order to equilibrium;

(6) fruiting period management: when mycelia sends out bacterium bag full, can enter canopy piling, 8～11 layers of general height of embankments, then according to conventional management by methods to fruiting;

(7) timely collecting: when maximum mushroom umbrella reaches 28～30 millimeters in one clump of Ji mushroom, be the best period of this clump of mushroom harvesting;

(8) final-period management: Ji mushroom goes out after one, two damp mushrooms, bacterium bag moisture and nutrient consumption are larger, can be in conjunction with the liquid of building up one's health, every hundred kilograms of nutrient solutions are comprised of 0.5～1.0 kilogram, 100 kilograms, water, 0.4～0.7 kilogram, urea, 0.1 kilogram, magnesium sulfate, 40 milliliters of triacontanols, lime; The nutrient solution preparing is injected in bag by bag with special-purpose injector, and 0.4～0.75 kilogram of every bag of water filling, after water filling, often goes out a damp mushroom water filling once, general water filling 4～5 times for the first time.