CN104170614A - Calotropis layering propagation method - Google Patents
Calotropis layering propagation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104170614A CN104170614A CN201410341205.6A CN201410341205A CN104170614A CN 104170614 A CN104170614 A CN 104170614A CN 201410341205 A CN201410341205 A CN 201410341205A CN 104170614 A CN104170614 A CN 104170614A
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Abstract
The invention provides a calotropis layering propagation method. Vegetative propagation is performed on calotropis with the layering propagation method. Layering is A in-situ layering or B in-vitro layering. The vegetative propagation is performed on the calotropis with the calotropis layering propagation method, the survival rate is up to 100%, the seed nature of the calotropis can be kept, character segregation can be avoided, the calotropis can bloom and fruit in advance, and the method is applicable to high-yield cultivation of the calotropis and breeding of clonal varieties and has the very broad industrial application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to planting technology field, be specifically related to plant asexual reproduction method, more specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of Calotropis plant layering propagation method.
Background technology
Calotropis gigantea has another name called gelsemium elegan, the sleeping flower of five dogs, belongs to Asclepiadaceae perennial evergreen plant, is one of cotton class plant in mountain region, is distributed in the torrid zone and south subtropics.Calotropis (Calotropis) has Calotropis gigantea (C.Gigantea) and spends 2 kinds of Calotropis gigantea (claiming again mudar, latin name: C.Procera) in vain.Calotropis gigantea is of many uses, and its kind of hair is a kind of new native fiber alternative materials, can be at stony desertification, saline land, sandy beach etc. wasteland plantation, expand textile raw material cultivated area, can alleviate cotton grain strive contradiction; The curative effects such as milk has cardiac stimulant, protects the liver, easing pain and diminishing inflammation, China's newly-increased 2 anticancer new patents of Calotropis gigantea extract again in 2009; Sun Shiwei, AHMED etc. utilize milk to kill and obtain remarkable effect Meloidogyne incognita, African melon ladybug respectively, have enriched biological control medicament and have extracted raw material; Li Rui to Calotropis gigantea the analysis of manufacturing capability think that can be used as solid fuel substitutes fossil coal fuel, and can effectively reduce residue and the pollution of sulphur oxygen class to environment, Calotropis gigantea exploitation is worth and has a high potential.At present, the purposes of Calotropis gigantea is mainly 4 aspects: textile industry raw material, medicinal active ingredient, as biopesticide and biomass energy plant.
The industry of Calotropis gigantea, medical usage have obtained research widely, but the plantation of Calotropis gigantea at present is still subject to the restriction of breeding practice, and in China, the breeding of Calotropis gigantea is still for the preliminary stage of fumbling.Up to now, the breeding of Calotropis gigantea all adopts seed propagation method, i.e. sexual reproduction method yet there are no the report of the asexual reproduction method of Calotropis gigantea.2010, " a kind of domestication of wild Calotropis gigantea plants breeding method " of yellow Huimin invention applied for national inventing patent (ZL201010554644.7), its essence is and adopted strange land to introduce a fine variety and seed seedling-raising propagation method.2013, Jiang Minqing, what human relations, in holding, good a kind of biological breeding method (CN201310485625) of having invented Calotropis gigantea plant, can make Calotropis gigantea plant reach intensive seedling production and cultivation, but its essence still adopts seed propagation method.According to result of study (Yunnan Prov Agriculture University's journal of (2012) such as Gao Zhu, 27 (4): 503-507,555), Calotropis gigantea growth of seedling can be divided into slow vegetative period (0～20d), fast growing period (20～40d) and slow vegetative period (60～80d), and Seedling Stage reaches 80 days.As adding the time from being seeded into germination, nursery stage reaches more than 3 months, is difficult to then result; And because Calotropis gigantea is perennial plant, seminal propagation (sexual propagation) descendant inheritting separates serious; Even if cultivate the improved seeds that meet breeding objective, adopt above-mentioned seed propagation method, be also difficult to ensure the stability of kind.The separation of this genetic character is all totally unfavorable for any purposes of Calotropis gigantea, because the inconsistent meeting of characters of progenies causes declining to a great extent of product processing yield.As the Calotropis gigantea for the use of weaving, require solid manyly, fiber is long, and fiber production is high, but in sexual propagation situation, a large amount of plant plantations can not be bloomed then or be colored and unreal, have had a strong impact on the raising of fiber production.
Plant asexual reproduction method comprises the methods such as cuttage, press strip, grafting, plant division.Compared with sexual propagation (seminal propagation), vegetative propagation has the good characteristic that can keep parent, the advantages such as proterties does not separate, precocity.But the asexual multiplication ability of plant is relevant with the C/N of plant, Endogenous Hormones and ratio thereof.Different plants are different because C/N compares, the ratio difference of Endogenous Hormone Contents in Vitro or hormon, and its vegetative propagation property difference is very big.Some plants are easy to carry out vegetative propagation, and some plants cannot carry out vegetative propagation at all; The C/N of the different vegetative stages of some plants and hormone-content or proportional difference are larger, need to just can carry out in specific period vegetative propagation; Some plants suppress the generation of root or bud owing to containing certain material (as coniferae is difficult to carry out vegetative propagation because containing rosin), and cannot carry out vegetative propagation.Different Organs is because of the difference of its C/N, hormone-content and ratio, and its meristematic capacity, callus ability and rootability etc. are all not identical.Therefore, for specific plant, must carry out a large amount of vegetative propagation experiments, comprising: use which kind of plant organ? when carry out vegetative propagation? need to use plant growth regulator? more suitable by which kind of concentration and ratio? adopt which kind of propagation method? need to take which kind of cultivation step? etc..On this basis, also need the vegetative factor of various impacts to be optimized, the fastest to realize reproduction speed, effect optimum, the best target of plant growth after breeding.As can be seen here, the process of exploring its asexual reproduction method for certain Plants is a kind of process of innovation, need to carry out a large amount of tests, and pay creative work.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the defect that the breeding of Calotropis plant seed in prior art exists, easy, asexual reproduction method is fast and efficiently provided.
Inventor is by a large amount of scientific experiments, find conventionally only to adopt the Calotropis plant of sexual propagation under suitable condition, also can breed by the mode of press strip, and be optimized through great many of experiments for the actual conditions of Calotropis plant layering breeding, draw a set of easy, Calotropis plant layering propagation method fast and efficiently.
To the C/N of Calotropis plants shoots different parts, the measurement result of hormone-content and ratio is added up, and analyze the relation of these data and Calotropis plant external form feature, find: start the to come off following part at place of the fine hair on its stem stalk has good fertility, therefore, we think that the circularity of such stem or side shoot is good.Criterion in its external form is: the part under sentencing that starts to come off of the fine hair on stem stalk.Generally below stem top, 15～20cm place fine hair starts to come off.
The propagation method that the invention provides a kind of Calotropis plant Calotropis, it is for to carry out the vegetative propagation of Calotropis plant by press strip.
Wherein, described Calotropis plant Calotropis comprises Calotropis gigantea C.Gigantea and spends Calotropis gigantea C.Procera2 the plant of planting in vain.
Described press strip is A original position press strip or the in vitro press strip of B.
Wherein, described A original position press strip, comprises the steps:
A1 selects branch:
Selecting Calotropis plant treats on numerous maternal plant without damage by disease and insect, stem or side shoot that circularity is good;
A2 original position press strip:
Selected A1 branch is pressed in the soil for the treatment of numerous maternal plant periphery, its taper is exposed to soil outside, water sufficient water, compacting;
A3 obtains seedling:
After axillalry bud is unearthed, cut off itself and the stem section for the treatment of to be connected between numerous maternal plant, the Calotropis plant seedlings that obtains breeding.
Taper is exposed to soil outside, is to take root in order to continue photosynthesis promotion press strip.
Wherein, the stem that described circularity is good or side shoot, its external form criterion is: the fine hair on stem stalk starts to come off and sentences lower part.
Wherein, the length that described in A2, its taper is exposed to soil outside is 10～20cm.
Wherein, the in vitro press strip of described B, comprises the steps:
B1 selects branch:
B1-1 selects Calotropis plant and treats on numerous maternal plant without damage by disease and insect, stem or side shoot that circularity is good;
And/or B1-2 selects Calotropis plant and treat on numerous maternal plant without damage by disease and insect, the imperfect stem of circularity or side shoot, within 2 weeks before press strip, spray paclobutrazol or chlormequat branch is enriched;
The processing of B2 branch:
First 5～10 days of press strip, removes the top of selected branch;
The in vitro press strip of B3:
Stem after treatment or side shoot are cut from base portion, the branch of cutting is placed in to press strip ditch, blinding guarantees that its taper is exposed to soil outside, and compacting, waters sufficient water, lid grass;
B4 obtains seedling:
After axillalry bud is unearthed, obtain the Calotropis plant seedlings breeding.
Wherein, the stem that described circularity is good or side shoot, its external form criterion is: the fine hair on stem stalk starts to come off and sentences lower part.
Wherein, the length of removing the top of selected branch described in B2 is 5～7cm.
Wherein, described in B3, the ditch depth of press strip ditch is 4～10cm.
Wherein, the length that described in B3, its taper is exposed to soil outside is 10～20cm.
The time of described press strip is annual random time.
If temperature during press strip is lower than 10 DEG C, the little shed of available plastic film covers.
The present invention also provides the application of described Calotropis plant layering propagation method in Calotropis breeding plant.
Advantage of the present invention is as follows:
Carry out the vegetative propagation of Calotropis plant by Calotropis plant layering propagation method of the present invention, survival rate can reach 100%, be conducive to keep kind of a property, proterties can not occur to be separated, and can Blooming solid, be applicable to the seed selection of high-yield culturing and the Clonal Cultivar of Calotropis plant, there is extraordinary industrial application prospect.
Embodiment
Following examples further illustrate content of the present invention, but should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.Without departing from the spirit and substance of the case in the present invention, the amendment that the inventive method, step or condition are done or replacement, all belong to scope of the present invention.
If do not specialize, the conventional means that in embodiment 1-5, technological means used is well known to those skilled in the art.
Embodiment 1 Calotropis plant original position propagation by layering
On August 1st, 2013, to transplant in Guangxi University experiment practice farm (Nanning), as numerous maternal plant for the treatment of separately from the high Calotropis gigantea (C.Gigantea) of Calotropis gigantea planting base, Teng County, Guangxi 10～20cm with from the each some strains of the seed shoots of spending Calotropis gigantea (C.Procera) in vain in Medicinal Plants of Guangxi garden; By the end of October, carried out the original position propagation by layering of Calotropis plant in Guangxi University, the stem that is 60～80cm by growing height is pinched, and makes its axillary bud sprouting.After 1 week, the stem after above-mentioned pinching is directly pressed into (ditch depth 4～10cm) in the soil for the treatment of numerous maternal plant periphery, and its taper 10～20cm (is had to a little difference between plant, ensure that taper length that each branch exposes is within the scope of this, be exposed to soil outside down together), retain as far as possible blade, and make blade be retained in soil outside; After press strip, water sufficient moisture, compacting cuts off it and has obtained new Calotropis plant plant with the stem section for the treatment of to be connected between numerous maternal plant after axillalry bud is unearthed.Breed 50 strain Calotropis giganteas (C.Gigantea) and Calotropis gigantea (C.Procera), survival rate 100% are spent in 50 strains in vain by the method.
Because press strip is vegetative propagation, the new tree characteristics therefore obtaining separates, and has kept maternal good characteristic.
Embodiment 2 Calotropis Vitro Plant propagation by layerings 1
For treating numerous maternal plant, in October, 2013, carried out the in vitro propagation by layering of Calotropis plant in Guangxi University and embodiment 1 with embodiment 1 seed shoots used simultaneously.
Select the stem good without damage by disease and insect, circularity or side shoot (the external form criterion of the stem that circularity is good or side shoot is: the fine hair on stem stalk start to come off the part under sentencing), within first 8 days, remove top 5～7cm (have a little difference between plant, ensure that top length that each branch removes is within the scope of this) in press strip; When press strip, cut off from branch base portion, be placed in press strip ditch (ditch depth 4～10cm), blinding, and its taper 10～20m is exposed to soil outside, compacting, waters sufficient moisture, lid grass.In November, 2013, axillalry bud is unearthed, and obtains new Calotropis gigantea plant platymiscium, and the method is total to press strip 50 strain Calotropis giganteas (C.Gigantea) and Calotropis gigantea (C.Procera), survival rate 100% are spent in 50 strains in vain.
Because press strip is vegetative propagation, the new tree characteristics therefore obtaining separates, and has kept maternal good characteristic.
Embodiment 3 Calotropis Vitro Plant propagation by layerings 2
For treating numerous maternal plant, in October, 2013, carried out the in vitro propagation by layering of Calotropis plant in Guangxi University and embodiment 1 with embodiment 1 seed shoots used simultaneously.
Select Calotropis plant and treat the imperfect branch of circularity on numerous maternal plant, press strip sprays paclobutrazol (concentration spraying to specifications) for first 2 weeks enriches branch, and within first 10 days, extracts stem top 5～7cm in press strip; When press strip, cut off from branch base portion, be placed in press strip ditch (ditch depth 4～10cm), blinding, and its taper 10～20cm is exposed to soil outside, compacting, waters sufficient moisture, lid grass.Be total to press strip Calotropis gigantea (C.Gigantea) and spend each 50 of Calotropis gigantea (C.Procera) in vain; In November, 2013, axillalry bud is unearthed, and obtains new Calotropis gigantea (C.Gigantea) 50 strains, spends Calotropis gigantea (C.Procera) 50 strains in vain, survival rate 100%.
Because press strip is vegetative propagation, the new tree characteristics therefore obtaining separates, and has kept maternal good characteristic.
Embodiment 4 Calotropis Vitro Plant propagation by layerings 3
For treating numerous maternal plant, in January, 2014, proceed the in vitro propagation by layering of Calotropis plant in Guangxi University with embodiment 1 seed shoots used.
Select the good branch of circularity in the time that press strip is destroyed top 5～7cm press strip in first 5 days, cut off from branch base portion, be placed in press strip ditch (ditch depth 4～10cm left and right), blinding, and its taper 10～20cm is exposed to soil outside, compacting, waters sufficient moisture.Be total to press strip Calotropis gigantea (C.Gigantea) and spend each 50 of Calotropis gigantea (C.Procera) in vain.Because latter temperature is lower, with the little shed insulation of plastic film, in February, 2014, axillalry bud was unearthed then.At the beginning of 2014 3 months, remove little shed.Obtain thus new Calotropis gigantea (C.Gigantea) 50 strains, spend Calotropis gigantea (C.Procera) 50 strains in vain, survival rate 100%.
Because press strip is vegetative propagation, the new tree characteristics therefore obtaining separates, and has kept maternal good characteristic.
Embodiment 5 Calotropis Vitro Plant propagation by layerings 4
For treating numerous maternal plant, in January, 2014, proceed the in vitro propagation by layering of Calotropis plant in Guangxi University with embodiment 1 seed shoots used.
Press strip sprays (concentration spraying to specifications) chlormequat for first 2 weeks enriches branch, and within 5～10 days before press strip, extracts stem top 5～7cm; When press strip, cut off from branch base portion, be placed in press strip ditch (ditch depth 4～10cm), blinding, and its taper 10～20cm is exposed to soil outside, compacting, waters sufficient moisture.Be total to press strip Calotropis gigantea (C.Gigantea) and spend each 50 of Calotropis gigantea (C.Procera) in vain.Due to January temperature lower, after press strip, directly with the insulation of the little shed of plastic film, in February, 2014, axillalry bud was unearthed.At the beginning of 2014 3 months, remove little shed.Obtain thus new Calotropis gigantea (C.Gigantea) 50 strains, spend Calotropis gigantea (C.Procera) 50 strains in vain, survival rate 100%.
Because press strip is vegetative propagation, the new tree characteristics therefore obtaining separates, and has kept maternal good characteristic.
Although above the present invention is described in detail with a general description of the specific embodiments, on basis of the present invention, can make some modifications or improvements it, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Therefore, these modifications or improvements without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention, all belong to the scope of protection of present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a propagation method of Calotropis plant Calotropis, is characterized in that, for carry out the vegetative propagation of Calotropis plant by press strip.
2. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, described Calotropis plant Calotropis comprises Calotropis gigantea C.Gigantea and spends Calotropis gigantea C.Procera2 the plant of planting in vain.
3. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, described press strip is A original position press strip or the in vitro press strip of B.
4. method as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, described A original position press strip, comprises the steps:
A1 selects branch:
Selecting Calotropis plant treats on numerous maternal plant without damage by disease and insect, stem or side shoot that circularity is good;
A2 original position press strip:
Selected A1 branch is pressed in the soil for the treatment of numerous maternal plant periphery, its taper is exposed to soil outside, water sufficient water, compacting;
A3 obtains seedling:
After axillalry bud is unearthed, cut off itself and the stem section for the treatment of to be connected between numerous maternal plant, the Calotropis plant seedlings that obtains breeding.
5. method as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, to be exposed to the length of soil outside be 10～20cm to its taper described in A2.
6. method as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, the in vitro press strip of described B, comprises the steps:
B1 selects branch:
B1-1 selects Calotropis plant and treats on numerous maternal plant without damage by disease and insect, stem or side shoot that circularity is good;
And/or B1-2 selects Calotropis plant and treat on numerous maternal plant without damage by disease and insect, the imperfect stem of circularity or side shoot, within 2 weeks before press strip, spray paclobutrazol or chlormequat branch is enriched;
The processing of B2 branch:
First 5～10 days of press strip, removes the top of selected branch;
The in vitro press strip of B3:
Stem after treatment or side shoot are cut from base portion, the branch of cutting is placed in to press strip ditch, blinding guarantees that its taper is exposed to soil outside, and compacting, waters sufficient water, lid grass;
B4 obtains seedling:
After axillalry bud is unearthed, obtain the Calotropis plant seedlings breeding.
7. method as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, the length of removing the top of selected branch described in B2 is 5～7cm.
8. method as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, the ditch depth of press strip ditch is 4～10cm described in B3.
9. method as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, to be exposed to the length of soil outside be 10～20cm to its taper described in B3.
10. the application of the arbitrary described method of claim 1～9 in Calotropis breeding plant.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106171772A (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2016-12-07 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | A kind of method of Radix Calotropis giganteae overhead layering breeding |
| CN107616082A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-01-23 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | A kind of in vitro mound layering method of Wild Rosa multiflora |
| CN111011018A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-04-17 | 安徽美迪生态农业有限公司 | Layering propagation method of ivy |
| CN114885692A (en) * | 2022-07-01 | 2022-08-12 | 周灿变 | Large-scale rapid cuttage method and cuttage device for salix matsudana |
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2014
- 2014-07-17 CN CN201410341205.6A patent/CN104170614B/en active Active
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106171772A (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2016-12-07 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | A kind of method of Radix Calotropis giganteae overhead layering breeding |
| CN107616082A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-01-23 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | A kind of in vitro mound layering method of Wild Rosa multiflora |
| CN111011018A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-04-17 | 安徽美迪生态农业有限公司 | Layering propagation method of ivy |
| CN114885692A (en) * | 2022-07-01 | 2022-08-12 | 周灿变 | Large-scale rapid cuttage method and cuttage device for salix matsudana |
| CN114885692B (en) * | 2022-07-01 | 2024-05-14 | 周灿变 | Large-scale rapid cutting method and cutting device for salix matsudana |
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