CN104170556A - Method for modifying soil to peanut growing substrate - Google Patents
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- CN104170556A CN104170556A CN201410376655.9A CN201410376655A CN104170556A CN 104170556 A CN104170556 A CN 104170556A CN 201410376655 A CN201410376655 A CN 201410376655A CN 104170556 A CN104170556 A CN 104170556A
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Abstract
A method for modifying soil to a peanut growing substrate relates to the technical field of peanut growing. The following raw materials in parts by weight are mixed: 20 parts of arable land soil, 1 part of organic fertilizer and 0.5 part of traditional Chinese medicine composition. The method comprises the following steps: (1) preparing an organic fertilizer, (2) preparing a traditional Chinese medicine composition, (3) modifying the soil of the arable land to a peanut growing substrate; the peanut growing substrate is formed after the arable land soil in the field is mixed with the traditional Chinese medicine composition and the organic fertilizer. According to the method provided by the invention, the growing substrate has relatively comprehensive nutrition, has effects of expelling parasite and disinfection, can prevent the peanut from pest hazard, is suitable for the growing of peanut, can increase fruit amount of a single plant, can increase fruit weight, and can improve product quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to peanut cultivation technical field, relate in particular to a kind of method that land improvement is become to peanut cultivation matrix.
Background technology
Peanut fruit contains protein, fat, carbohydrate, vitamin A, vitamin B6, vitamin E, vitamin K, and the nutrient component such as mineral calcium, phosphorus, iron, the amino acid that contains 8 kinds of needed by human body and unsaturated fatty acid, containing materials such as lecithin, choline, Hu Huasheng element, raw fiber.Fat content is 44%-45%, and protein content is 24-36%, and sugar content is 20% left and right.Contain abundant vitamin B2, PP, A, D, E, calcium and iron etc.And contain the multivitamins such as thiamine, vitamin b3, niacin.There is the brain cell development that promotes people, strengthen the effect of memory.
The height of the nutritive value of peanut even be called as some animal foods of senior nutrition, as egg, milk, meat etc., is also candidly acknowledged one's inferiority before groundnut bran.The quantity of heat production of peanut is higher than meat, higher by 20% than milk, higher by 40% than egg.Other are as protein, and core egg is plain, calcium, and phosphorus, iron etc. are all also high than milk, meat, egg.In peanut, also contain the various vitamins such as A, B, E, K, and lecithin, Argine Monohydrochloride, choline and oleic acid, peanut acid, fatty acid, palmitic acid etc.
Because peanut nutrition is abundant, and it is edible to be applicable to numerous crowds, varied about the food of peanut aspect, each have their own characteristic.Along with the continuous improvement of working condition and the raising day by day of culture technique level, peanut yield level improves constantly in recent years.And more and more distinct issues are, the problem of soil suitability.The soil that optimum is cultivated peanut is the sandy loam of higher, the micro-slant acidity of fertility (pH take 6.0 to 6.5 as well).This soil permeability is good, and Peanut Root System is flourishing, and dross is many; Soil degree of tightness is suitable, is conducive to pod and grows, and peanut shell is bright and clean, and fruit shape is large, and quality is good, and commodity value is high.But because a lot of local soil does not meet above-mentioned requirements, and it is not high to make to cultivate the output of peanut, and the peanut quality of output is also bad, and the development of peanut cultivation industry is restricted.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to overcome the defect of prior art, further proposes a kind of method that land improvement is become to peanut cultivation matrix.
Technical problem to be solved by this invention realizes by the following technical solutions.
A method that land improvement is become to peanut cultivation matrix, is characterized in that, peanut cultivation matrix is mixed by the raw material of following weight portion: 20 parts of arable soils, 1 part of fertilizer, 0.5 part of Chinese medicine composition, comprise the following steps:
(1) make fertilizer,
At the bottom of the agricultural crop straw powder that fertilizer is is 20% by weight ratio, 70% animal wastes and 10% pond, mud mixed culture fermentation forms, first crops stalk crushing is become to length 3-5cm, then mix with mud, animal wastes at the bottom of pond, be deposited in fermentation vat retting more than 15 days, during stack retting, need to turn over to macerate 2-3 time, fertilizer retting is well later stand-by;
(2) prepare Chinese medicine composition,
Chinese medicine composition comprises: 2 parts of azedaraches, 3 parts of betel nuts, 3 parts of sweet wormwoods, 4 parts of tobaccos, 3 parts of realgars, 2 parts of the coptiss, 3 parts, Chinese prickly ash, 4 parts of rhizoma zingiberis, 4 parts of Dalmatian chrysanthemums, 2 parts of red peppers, 5 parts, sawdust, it is more than weight portion, after azedarach in Chinese medicine composition, betel nut, sweet wormwood, tobacco, realgar, the coptis, Chinese prickly ash, rhizoma zingiberis, Dalmatian chrysanthemum, red pepper mix in proportion, be processed into fine powder, mix with sawdust again, obtain Chinese medicine composition;
(3) soil that improvement is ploughed is peanut cultivation matrix,
First by the ploughing soil one time of cultivation peanut, the degree of depth of turning over is not less than 30cm, then Chinese medicine composition and fertilizer are sprinkled into respectively to the soil surface after turning over, re-use the rotovator soil of turning over is smashed and will be ploughed leveling, the degree of depth of rotary tillage is 5-10cm, and Tanaka's arable soil just forms peanut cultivation matrix after mixing with Chinese medicine composition, fertilizer.
As preferably,
Described arable soil is sandy loam, and loose fertile, it is dark that soil layer is not less than 60cm; If arable soil is not sandy loam, the loam of or cubsoil consolidation large for viscosity, be unfavorable for that peanut takes root, peanut result is few and little, is, while digging rotary tillage to the processing method of this soil, in soil, admix the mixture of fine sand and sawdust, fine sand and sawdust mix in the ratio of 1:1, and every mu of ground applies the mixture 150-300kg of fine sand and sawdust, more than soil deep ploughing 30cm; Increase the contained part by weight of Chinese medicine composition in cultivation matrix, optimum ratio is: 20 parts of arable soils, 1 part of fertilizer, 3 parts of Chinese medicine compositions; Said method can improve gas porosity and the gas permeability of soil, increase the ability of soil water-retaining, draining simultaneously, through checking, it is more loose that the method can make that viscosity is large, the loam of cubsoil consolidation becomes, be beneficial to that peanut is taken root, result, can significantly increase the weight of fruiting quantities and the fruit of every strain peanut seedling, improve output more than 23%, and the peanut fruit of output be best in quality.
At the bottom of described pond, mud is selected 2 years above fish pond bottom sludge of accumulation, contains abundant humus, and mud mixes with agricultural crop straw powder, animal wastes after going out the pool, and being then deposited in retting in fermentation vat more than 15 days, needs during stack retting to turn over to macerate 2-3 time.
Azedarach in Chinese medicine composition, betel nut, sweet wormwood, tobacco, realgar, the coptis, Chinese prickly ash, rhizoma zingiberis, Dalmatian chrysanthemum, red pepper are processed into fine powder after mixing in proportion, then mix with sawdust, obtain Chinese medicine composition.Before use first by the ploughing soil one time of cultivation peanut, the degree of depth of turning over is not less than 30cm, then Chinese medicine composition and fertilizer are sprinkled into respectively to the soil surface after turning over, re-use the rotovator soil of turning over is smashed and will be ploughed leveling, the degree of depth of rotary tillage is 5-10cm, and Tanaka's arable soil just forms peanut cultivation matrix after mixing with Chinese medicine composition, fertilizer.
In Chinese medicine composition,
Azedarach: hardship, cold; Poisonous; Return liver, spleen, stomach warp, expelling parasite, treatment tinea; For ascarid enterobiasis, abdominal pain due to enterositosis, controls mange itch outward.
Betel nut: containing multiple alkaloid, be effective anthelmintic ingredient.
Sweet wormwood: bitter, acrid, cold; Return liver, gallbladder channel; Clearing away summerheat, except steaming, preventing malaria; For summer-heat evil heating, fever due to yin deficiency, night fever abating at dawn, hectic fever due to yin labor heat, malaria fever and chills, jaundice with damp-heat pathogen.
Tobacco: pungent, temperature; Poisonous subdhing swelling and detoxicating, desinsection; For furuncle swelling toxin, favus of the scalp, tinea alba, the favus of the scalp, venomous snake bite.Water-snail eradication, mosquito, fly, mouse.
Realgar: pungent, temperature, poisonous; Return liver, large intestine channel; Removing toxic substances desinsection, removing dampness and eliminating phlegm, preventing malaria; For the swollen furunculosis of carbuncle, snake bite and insect sting, abdominal pain due to enterositosis, frightened epilepsy, malaria.
The coptis: hardship, cold; The thoughts of returning home, spleen, stomach, liver, courage, large intestine channel; Heat-clearing and damp-drying drug, purging intense heat and detonicating; Full for damp and hot ruffian, vomiting acid regurgitation, rushes down dysentery, jaundice, and unconsciousness due to high fever, heart-fire hyperactivity, dysphoria and insomnia, blood-head is told nosebleed, hot eyes, toothache, quenches one's thirst, the carbuncle furunculosis that swells; Control eczema outward, wet sore, duct is suppurated.
Chinese prickly ash: pungent, temperature; Return spleen, stomach, kidney channel; Warming middle energizer to relieve pain, killing parasites to relieve itshing; For coldness and pain in the epigastrium, vomiting is had loose bowels, abdominal pain due to enterositosis, ascariasis; Control eczema itch outward.
Rhizoma zingiberis: pungent, hot; Return spleen, stomach, kidney, the heart, lung channel; Rhizoma zingiberis warming spleen and stomach for dispelling cold, Hui Yang promotes blood circulation, eliminating dampness dissolving phlegm; For coldness and pain in the epigastrium, vomiting is had loose bowels, the cold weak pulse of limb, and phlegm and retained fluid is breathed with cough.
Dalmatian chrysanthemum: not only can remove mosquito-killing, and can kill the insect of crops and forest, fruit tree; Between the autumn in summer, being about to open Dalmatian chrysanthemum flower, pick, abrasive dust after drying in the shade, crosses 120-150 object sieve.
Red pepper: taste is pungent, hot in nature.Stomach invigorating in energy temperature, loose cold eliminating dampness, sweating; There is certain excitant, can expelling parasite.
Sawdust: refer to carry out timber add man-hour because cutting and from trees the foam shape wood chip of fallen trees itself, mix and imbed in soil layer with Chinese medicine component, because its quality is loose, in soil layer, can keep moderate dry wetting, can make the Chinese medicine component of fine particle shape better discharge drug effect, the effective ingredient of Chinese medicine composition has better penetrability in soil.
Chinese medicine composition has the effect of good expelling parasite, desinsection, and the sawdust in Chinese medicine composition can strengthen the effect of expelling parasite, desinsection.Meanwhile, sawdust is rotten through fermenting in soil, can increase the fertility of soil, and comprehensive nutrition, lacks the anxiety of phosphorus potassium without inclined to one side nitrogen.Quality is loose, can promote peanut growth, avoids peanut rhizome forked growth.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
A kind of method that land improvement is become to peanut cultivation matrix provided by the invention, this cultivation matrix not only has comparatively comprehensively nutrition, the effect also with expelling parasite, desinsection, can make the peanut of cultivation avoid the harm of insect, this cultivation matrix is suitable for peanut growth simultaneously, can increase the quantity of per plant, and increase megalocarpous weight, improve product quality.
Embodiment
For technological means, creation characteristic that the present invention is realized, reach object and effect is easy to understand, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further set forth the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Land improvement is become to a method for peanut cultivation matrix, by the raw material of following weight portion, mixed: 20 parts of arable soils, 1 part of fertilizer, 0.5 part of Chinese medicine composition,
Arable soil is sandy loam, selects the arable land cultivation peanut of a sandy loam, and before cultivation, the soil that first improvement is ploughed, makes the soil of ploughing become the cultivation matrix that is applicable to peanut growth;
Comprise the following steps:
(1) make fertilizer,
At the bottom of the agricultural crop straw powder that fertilizer is is 20% by weight ratio, 70% animal wastes and 10% pond, mud mixed culture fermentation forms, first crops stalk crushing is become to length 3-5cm, then mix with mud, animal wastes at the bottom of pond, be deposited in fermentation vat retting more than 15 days, during stack retting, need to turn over to macerate 2-3 time, fertilizer retting is well later stand-by;
(2) prepare Chinese medicine composition,
Chinese medicine composition comprises: 2 parts of azedaraches, 3 parts of betel nuts, 3 parts of sweet wormwoods, 4 parts of tobaccos, 3 parts of realgars, 2 parts of the coptiss, 3 parts, Chinese prickly ash, 4 parts of rhizoma zingiberis, 4 parts of Dalmatian chrysanthemums, 2 parts of red peppers, 5 parts, sawdust, it is more than weight portion, after azedarach in Chinese medicine composition, betel nut, sweet wormwood, tobacco, realgar, the coptis, Chinese prickly ash, rhizoma zingiberis, Dalmatian chrysanthemum, red pepper mix in proportion, be processed into fine powder, mix with sawdust again, obtain Chinese medicine composition;
(3) soil that improvement is ploughed is peanut cultivation matrix,
First by the ploughing soil one time of cultivation peanut, the degree of depth of turning over is not less than 30cm, then Chinese medicine composition and fertilizer are sprinkled into respectively to the soil surface after turning over, re-use the rotovator soil of turning over is smashed and will be ploughed leveling, the degree of depth of rotary tillage is 5-10cm, and Tanaka's arable soil just forms peanut cultivation matrix after mixing with Chinese medicine composition, fertilizer.
Embodiment 2
Land improvement is become to a method for peanut cultivation matrix, by the raw material of following weight portion, mixed: 20 parts of arable soils, 1 part of fertilizer, 3 parts of Chinese medicine compositions,
Arable soil is that viscosity is large, cubsoil is compared with the loam of consolidation, cubsoil consolidation, and gas permeability is poor, before such arable land cultivation peanut, need to improve soil, and it is loose, ventilative that the soil that makes to plough becomes; Concrete steps are: while digging rotary tillage, in soil, admix the mixture of fine sand and sawdust, fine sand and sawdust mix in the ratio of 1:1, every mu of ground applies the mixture 150-300kg of fine sand and sawdust, apply at twice, each half amount, for the first time the mixture of the fine sand of half amount and sawdust is evenly sprinkling upon to soil surface, then by Soil tillage, more than ploughing depth 30cm, then the soil surface after turning over spreads the remaining fine sand of half amount and the mixture of sawdust for the second time, with rotovator, soil is smashed and grade afterwards;
Soil after above-mentioned improvement is through after a rainfall, again the soil after improvement is made to the peanut cultivation matrix that is suitable for peanut growth, peanut cultivation matrix consists of the component of following weight portion: 20 parts of arable soils, 1 part of fertilizer, 3 parts of Chinese medicine compositions, and concrete operation step is:
(1) make fertilizer,
At the bottom of the agricultural crop straw powder that fertilizer is is 20% by weight ratio, 70% animal wastes and 10% pond, mud mixed culture fermentation forms, first by crops stalk crushing, then mix with mud, animal wastes at the bottom of pond, be deposited in fermentation vat retting more than 15 days, during stack retting, need to turn over to macerate 2-3 time, fertilizer retting is well later stand-by;
(2) prepare Chinese medicine composition,
Chinese medicine composition comprises: 2 parts of azedaraches, 3 parts of betel nuts, 3 parts of sweet wormwoods, 4 parts of tobaccos, 3 parts of realgars, 2 parts of the coptiss, 3 parts, Chinese prickly ash, 4 parts of rhizoma zingiberis, 4 parts of Dalmatian chrysanthemums, 2 parts of red peppers, 5 parts, sawdust, it is more than weight portion, after azedarach in Chinese medicine composition, betel nut, sweet wormwood, tobacco, realgar, the coptis, Chinese prickly ash, rhizoma zingiberis, Dalmatian chrysanthemum, red pepper mix in proportion, be processed into fine powder, mix with sawdust again, obtain Chinese medicine composition;
(3) soil that improvement is ploughed is peanut cultivation matrix,
Chinese medicine composition and fertilizer are sprinkled into respectively to the soil surface after improvement, re-using rotovator mixes soil with Chinese medicine composition, fertilizer, the degree of depth of rotary tillage is 5-10cm, after the soil after Tanaka's improvement mixes with Chinese medicine composition, fertilizer, just forms peanut cultivation matrix.
More than show and described basic principle of the present invention, principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technical staff of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; that in above-described embodiment and specification, describes just illustrates principle of the present invention; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.The claimed scope of the present invention is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (3)
1. land improvement is become to a method for peanut cultivation matrix, it is characterized in that, peanut cultivation matrix is mixed by the raw material of following weight portion: 20 parts of arable soils, 1 part of fertilizer, 0.5 part of Chinese medicine composition, comprise the following steps:
(1) make fertilizer,
At the bottom of the agricultural crop straw powder that fertilizer is is 20% by weight ratio, 70% animal wastes and 10% pond, mud mixed culture fermentation forms, first crops stalk crushing is become to length 3-5cm, then mix with mud, animal wastes at the bottom of pond, be deposited in fermentation vat retting more than 15 days, during stack retting, need to turn over to macerate 2-3 time, fertilizer retting is well later stand-by;
(2) prepare Chinese medicine composition,
Chinese medicine composition comprises: 2 parts of azedaraches, 3 parts of betel nuts, 3 parts of sweet wormwoods, 4 parts of tobaccos, 3 parts of realgars, 2 parts of the coptiss, 3 parts, Chinese prickly ash, 4 parts of rhizoma zingiberis, 4 parts of Dalmatian chrysanthemums, 2 parts of red peppers, 5 parts, sawdust, it is more than weight portion, after azedarach in Chinese medicine composition, betel nut, sweet wormwood, tobacco, realgar, the coptis, Chinese prickly ash, rhizoma zingiberis, Dalmatian chrysanthemum, red pepper mix in proportion, be processed into fine powder, mix with sawdust again, obtain Chinese medicine composition;
(3) soil that improvement is ploughed is peanut cultivation matrix,
First by the ploughing soil one time of cultivation peanut, the degree of depth of turning over is not less than 30cm, then Chinese medicine composition and fertilizer are sprinkled into respectively to the soil surface after turning over, re-use the rotovator soil of turning over is smashed and will be ploughed leveling, the degree of depth of rotary tillage is 5-10cm, and Tanaka's arable soil just forms peanut cultivation matrix after mixing with Chinese medicine composition, fertilizer.
2. the method that land improvement is become to peanut cultivation matrix according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described arable soil is sandy loam.
3. the method that land improvement is become to peanut cultivation matrix according to claim 1, is characterized in that, at the bottom of described pond, mud is selected 2 years above fish pond bottom sludge of accumulation, contains abundant humus.
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| CN104609996A (en) * | 2015-02-01 | 2015-05-13 | 中农舜天生态肥业有限公司 | Facility culturing soil conditioner |
| CN104756748A (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2015-07-08 | 李翔 | Peanut plant disease and insect pest prevention and control method |
| CN105359661A (en) * | 2015-11-02 | 2016-03-02 | 和县正林苗木专业合作社 | Method for improving culture land for Scented rosewood saplings |
| CN105379465A (en) * | 2015-11-02 | 2016-03-09 | 和县正林苗木专业合作社 | Method for improving land for cultivating ginkgo saplings |
| CN105393870A (en) * | 2015-11-02 | 2016-03-16 | 和县正林苗木专业合作社 | Rapid seedling method for maidenhair trees |
| CN105393869A (en) * | 2015-11-02 | 2016-03-16 | 和县正林苗木专业合作社 | Rapid seedling method for Dalbergiaodorifere |
| CN110402634A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-11-05 | 楚雄医药高等专科学校 | A kind of high value Chinese herbal medicine plants the ecological restoring method for soil of laying idle |
| CN110557995A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2019-12-13 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | soil improvement and selenium-rich vegetable planting method before planting vegetables in south China |
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| CN105393869A (en) * | 2015-11-02 | 2016-03-16 | 和县正林苗木专业合作社 | Rapid seedling method for Dalbergiaodorifere |
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| CN110557995A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2019-12-13 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | soil improvement and selenium-rich vegetable planting method before planting vegetables in south China |
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