CN104094765B - A kind of cultivation and collection method improving Taxus x media biomass - Google Patents

A kind of cultivation and collection method improving Taxus x media biomass Download PDF

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CN104094765B
CN104094765B CN201410362725.5A CN201410362725A CN104094765B CN 104094765 B CN104094765 B CN 104094765B CN 201410362725 A CN201410362725 A CN 201410362725A CN 104094765 B CN104094765 B CN 104094765B
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root
biomass
cultivation
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CN104094765A (en
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陈从均
潘先文
陈大海
王方洪
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CHONGQING BEISHENG PHARMACEUTICAL TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.
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CHONGQING BEISAN AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of cultivation and the collection method that improve Taxus x media biomass, it is characterised in that: every year Taxus x media is carried out the transplanting of repetition original place and gathers its root and leaf simultaneously, cut away main root during transplanting and spray root-growing agent; The Taxus x media cultivated by present method loses main root completely, fibrous root is more flourishing, and regenerative power is stronger, single strain year collection biomass can improve more than 10% on original base, and (biomass of Taxus x media can be divided into underground and ground two part, and underground part refers to the biomass of tree root system; Part mainly comprises branches and leaves biomass on the ground. Underground part, reservation part on the ground and collection part biomass respectively account for 1/3). Owing to Taxus x media root content of taxol is more than 3 times of branches and leaves, therefore, 20-30% can be improved on the basis of original output by the Production rate of the products such as taxol, the problem of taxol medicine source shortage can be alleviated, limited resources is utilized to obtain more raw material, reduce unit planting cost, and then reduce production cost, there are significant economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefits. In addition, transplanted by annual repetition original place, be conducive to the storage rate of Taxus x media raw material forest, can carry out in time changing after-culture, the stable yield of guarantor unit's area raw material to the not good plant of growth.

Description

A kind of cultivation and collection method improving Taxus x media biomass
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cultivation of Ramulus et folium taxi cuspidatae and collection method, in particular to the cultivation and the collection method that improve Taxus x media biomass.
Background technology
Taxus x media (Taxusmadia) originates in the U.S., Canada, it it is a kind of natural hybrid variety, its female parent is taxus chinensis in northeast (T.cuspidata), male parent is Europe Ramulus et folium taxi cuspidatae (T.bauata), in the U.S., Canada's growth development history of existing nearly 100 years. It is that China introduces a fine variety from Canada the mid-90 in 20th century. Taxus x media is evergreen shrubs, and biomass is very huge, and growth time is short. Its main root is not obvious, and side root is flourishing, and branches and leaves are luxuriant, and germination is strong, resistance to pruning, resistance to low cold, and whole nation most area all can be planted. Taxus x media be then plant each several part all containing taxol, its content be other Ramulus et folium taxi cuspidatae domestic 8-10 doubly, branches and leaves content reaches more than 0.03%, and root system part can reach 0.06%. Taxus x media growth is fast, year growth the highest can 60��80cm, increment be domestic Ramulus et folium taxi cuspidatae (China Ramulus et folium taxi cuspidatae, taxusyunnanensis etc.) 3-7 doubly. The Taxus x media planted 3��5 years can gather branches and leaves for refining taxol, and can repeated acquisition per year. Taxol is the diterpene-kind compound with Japanese yew alkene ring extracted from the trunk of Ramulus et folium taxi cuspidatae, bark, branches and leaves, tree root, and its chemical structure is novel, is the important industrial chemicals producing anticancer (tumour) medicine. According to incompletely statistics, the annual ovarian cancer of China, mammary cancer, lung cancer and melanoma patients reach more than 500,000 people, produce the taxol expense needed for cancer therapy drug every year more than 800 kilograms. But, Taxus seeds natural resource are very limited, and since taxol comes out, taxus resource in the world has suffered the destruction of worldwide destructiveness. This grave situation has caused various countries' forestry and the great attention of environment specialist and government. The whole world is all classified as natural Ramulus et folium taxi cuspidatae as rare first class of protection plant in imminent danger, and many national government are taked to limit and forbid to cut down natural taxus resource, and advocate and greatly develop artificial culture. Also there is no large-scale Ramulus et folium taxi cuspidatae artificial growth base on a large scale at present in the world, China only a few family of minority have a small amount of planting base, plant cell culture producer is mainly by producing from external import bark of Ramulus et folium taxi cuspidatae or medicinal extract, output few (about 100 kilograms), can not meet the demand of market and patient far away. In recent years, the medical insurance scheme that China newly puts into effect is determined, and antitumour drug has been listed in essential drugs register, and namely antitumour drug formally enters socialized medicine, considerably increases the consumption of taxol. Taxus x media belongs to shrub type, and germination is strong, and after general afforestation, 3-5 can start beta pruning extraction taxol. Before annual November in autumn to March next year, adopt or a principle adopted gathers according to wheel. Wheel is adopted and is referred to that plantation is full after 3 years, the branches and leaves that circle collection is different per year on trunk. Between adopt and refer to and every two years adopt once, retaining trunk, all the other are all cut. In time branches and leaves should being carried out airing after gathering, the Ramulus et folium taxi cuspidatae after drying should be pulverized in time, and preservation of packing, it is noted that fire prevention, waterproof, anti-mildew.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of cultivation and the collection method that improve Taxus x media biomass, improve and single strain year gather biomass, and then improve the output of the products such as taxol, the problem of taxol medicine source shortage can be alleviated, limited resources is utilized to obtain more raw material, reduce unit planting cost, and then reduce production cost, there are significant economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefits.
A kind of cultivation and collection method improving Taxus x media biomass of the present invention, carries out the transplanting of repetition original place every year and gathers its root and leaf simultaneously, cut away main root and spray root-growing agent during transplanting Taxus x media;
Further, comprise the following steps:
A. before March November to next year, by Taxus x media raw for plantation 2-3, by normal acquisition branches and leaves mode beta pruning, then play seedling on the spot and main root and 30-40% are started aging fibrous root and cuts, then after the root after pruning being sprayed root-growing agent, original place is planted, and collects the root and branches and leaves cut;
B. annual late March Taxus x media starts to sprout when germinateing, and carries out weeding fertilising, and April, June, by the end of July by 12��18kg/ mu, 15��25kg/ mu, the standard of 27��35kg/ mu applies topdresses;
C., before later March annual November to next year, this Taxus x media is carried out repetition original place transplant as stated above and gathers;
Further, in step a, select between height above sea level 800��1800 meters, year more than rainfall 1000mm, temperature less than 35 DEG C, atmospheric moisture more than 82%; The gradient less than 35 degree, soil thickness more than 50 centimetres, between PH value 5-6, soil property is loosened, filter water, and permeability is good, and chad content is few, not the sandy soil of ponding or the Taxus x media of sandy loam plot plantation;
Further, in step a, described root-growing agent is one or more in a-naa, ABT, other indolebutyric acids, 369 root-inducing powders;
Further, described a-naa and ABT need first to dissolve with alcohol, and described a-naa concentration is 500��1000mg/L, and described ABT concentration is 180��250mg/L;
Further, in April, June, pressing 15kg/ mu, 20kg/ mu by the end of July, the standard of 30kg/ mu applies topdresses;
Further, the fertilizer that topdresses described in is the one in Yunnan urea, Luzhou urea.
The useful effect of the present invention: the cultivation of the raising Taxus x media biomass of the present invention and collection method, the Taxus x media cultivated by present method loses main root completely, fibrous root is more flourishing, and regenerative power is stronger, single strain year collection biomass can improve more than 10% on original base, and (biomass of Taxus x media can be divided into underground and ground two part, and underground part refers to the biomass of tree root system; Part mainly comprises branches and leaves biomass on the ground. Underground part, reservation part on the ground and collection part biomass respectively account for 1/3). Owing to Taxus x media root content of taxol is more than 3 times of branches and leaves, therefore, 20-30% can be improved on the basis of original output by the Production rate of the products such as taxol, the problem of taxol medicine source shortage can be alleviated, limited resources is utilized to obtain more raw material, reduce unit planting cost, and then reduce production cost, there are significant economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefits. In addition, transplanted by annual repetition original place, be conducive to the storage rate of Taxus x media raw material forest, can carry out in time changing after-culture, the stable yield of guarantor unit's area raw material to the not good plant of growth.
Embodiment
A kind of cultivation and collection method improving Taxus x media biomass of the present embodiment, carries out the transplanting of repetition original place every year and gathers its root and leaf simultaneously, cut away main root and spray root-growing agent during transplanting Taxus x media;
Comprise the following steps:
A. before March November to next year, by Taxus x media raw for plantation 2-3, by normal acquisition branches and leaves mode beta pruning, then play seedling on the spot and main root and 30-40% are started aging fibrous root and cuts, then after the root after pruning being sprayed root-growing agent, original place is planted, and collects the root and branches and leaves cut;
B. annual late March Taxus x media starts to sprout when germinateing, and carries out weeding fertilising, and April, June, by the end of July by 12��18kg/ mu, 15��25kg/ mu, the standard of 27��35kg/ mu applies topdresses;
C., before later March annual November to next year, this Taxus x media is carried out repetition original place transplant as stated above and gathers.
In the present embodiment, in step a, select between height above sea level 800��1800 meters, year more than rainfall 1000mm, temperature less than 35 DEG C, atmospheric moisture more than 82%; The gradient less than 35 degree, soil thickness more than 50 centimetres, between PH value 5-6, soil property is loosened, filter water, and permeability is good, and chad content is few, not the sandy soil of ponding or the Taxus x media of sandy loam plot plantation.
In the present embodiment, in step a, described root-growing agent is one or more in a-naa, ABT, other indolebutyric acids, 369 root-inducing powders.
In the present embodiment, described a-naa and ABT need first to dissolve with alcohol, and described a-naa concentration is 500��1000mg/L, and described ABT concentration is 180��250mg/L.
In the present embodiment, in April, June, pressing 15kg/ mu, 20kg/ mu by the end of July, the standard of 30kg/ mu applies topdresses.
In the present embodiment, described in the fertilizer that topdresses be the one in Yunnan urea, Luzhou urea.
Below by specific embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated.
Embodiment one
Before March annual November to next year, select between height above sea level 800��1800 meters, year more than rainfall 1000mm, temperature less than 35 DEG C, atmospheric moisture more than 82%; The gradient less than 35 degree, soil thickness more than 50 centimetres, between PH value 5-6, soil property is loosened, filter water, permeability is good, and chad content is few, 2 years raw Taxus x medias of plantation in the sandy soil of ponding or sandy loam plot, by normal acquisition branches and leaves mode beta pruning, then do not play seedling on the spot.
2, risen Taxus x media nursery stock main root and the 30% aging fibrous root of beginning being cut, the root that collection is cut cleans afterwards and branches and leaves dry process. Then the root after pruning is sprayed with the aqueous solution of 800mg/L (a-naa needs first to dissolve with alcohol) by a-naa, it is advisable to spray wet not dripping.
3, according to playing seedling plot soil fertility situation, suitably applying the base manure such as decomposed manure, by even to base manure and mixing with soil, the Taxus x media original place plantation then will handled well, can suitably water in conjunction with practical situation and determine root water on a small quantity.
4, annual late March Taxus x media starts to sprout when germinateing, and its plot is carried out weeding fertilising in batches, and in April, June, press 15kg/ mu, 20kg/ mu by the end of July, the standard of 30kg/ mu applies topdress (Yunnan urea).
5, carry out original place transplant collection (that is: next March November to next year more above-mentioned Ramulus et folium taxi cuspidatae being carried out again the original place transplant collection such as aforesaid method) in the method repeating 1-4 before annual March November to next year, collect the sub-branches and leaves in graceful ground and root for extracting the products such as taxol.
Embodiment two
1, before March annual November to next year, select between height above sea level 800��1800 meters, year more than rainfall 1000mm, temperature less than 35 DEG C, atmospheric moisture more than 82%; The gradient less than 35 degree, soil thickness more than 50 centimetres, between PH value 5-6, soil property is loosened, filter water, permeability is good, and chad content is few, 3 years raw Taxus x medias of plantation in the sandy soil of ponding or sandy loam plot, by normal acquisition branches and leaves mode beta pruning, then do not play seedling on the spot.
2, risen Taxus x media nursery stock main root and the 40% aging fibrous root of beginning being cut, the root that collection is cut cleans afterwards and branches and leaves dry process. Then the root after pruning is sprayed by the ABT aqueous solution that concentration is 200mg/L (needing first to dissolve with alcohol), it is advisable to spray wet not dripping.
3, according to playing seedling plot soil fertility situation, suitably applying the base manure such as decomposed manure, by even to base manure and mixing with soil, the Taxus x media original place plantation then will handled well, can suitably water in conjunction with practical situation and determine root water on a small quantity.
4, annual late March Taxus x media starts to sprout when germinateing, and its plot is carried out weeding fertilising in batches, and in April, June, press 12kg/ mu, 15kg/ mu by the end of July, the standard of 27kg/ mu applies the Luzhou urea that topdresses.
5, the method repeating 1-4 before annual March November to next year carries out cultivating and gathers, and collects the sub-branches and leaves in graceful ground and root for extracting the products such as taxol.
Embodiment three
1, before March annual November to next year, select between height above sea level 800��1800 meters, year more than rainfall 1000mm, temperature less than 35 DEG C, atmospheric moisture more than 82%; The gradient less than 35 degree, soil thickness more than 50 centimetres, between PH value 5-6, soil property is loosened, filter water, permeability is good, and chad content is few, 2.5 years raw Taxus x medias of plantation in the sandy soil of ponding or sandy loam plot, by normal acquisition branches and leaves mode beta pruning, then do not play seedling on the spot.
2, risen Taxus x media nursery stock main root and the 35% aging fibrous root of beginning being cut, the root that collection is cut cleans afterwards and branches and leaves dry process. Then the root after pruning is sprayed by the a-naa aqueous solution (a-naa needs first to dissolve with alcohol) taking concentration as 1000mg/L, it is advisable to spray wet not dripping.
3, according to playing seedling plot soil fertility situation, suitably applying the base manure such as decomposed manure, by even to base manure and mixing with soil, the Taxus x media original place plantation then will handled well, can suitably water in conjunction with practical situation and determine root water on a small quantity.
4, annual late March Taxus x media starts to sprout when germinateing, and its plot is carried out weeding fertilising in batches, and in April, June, press 18kg/ mu, 25kg/ mu by the end of July, the standard of 35kg/ mu applies topdress (Yunnan urea, Luzhou urea etc.).
5, the method repeating 1-4 before annual March November to next year carries out cultivating and gathers, and collects the sub-branches and leaves in graceful ground and root for extracting the products such as taxol.
Embodiment four
1, before March annual November to next year, select between height above sea level 800��1800 meters, year more than rainfall 1000mm, temperature less than 35 DEG C, atmospheric moisture more than 82%; The gradient less than 35 degree, soil thickness more than 50 centimetres, between PH value 5-6, soil property is loosened, filter water, permeability is good, and chad content is few, 3 years raw Taxus x medias of plantation in the sandy soil of ponding or sandy loam plot, by normal acquisition branches and leaves mode beta pruning, then do not play seedling on the spot.
2, risen Taxus x media nursery stock main root and the 38% aging fibrous root of beginning being cut, the root that collection is cut cleans afterwards and branches and leaves dry process. Then the root after pruning is sprayed by the aqueous solution of other indolebutyric acids, it is advisable to spray wet not dripping.
3, according to playing seedling plot soil fertility situation, suitably applying the base manure such as decomposed manure, by even to base manure and mixing with soil, the Taxus x media original place plantation then will handled well, can suitably water in conjunction with practical situation and determine root water on a small quantity.
4, annual late March Taxus x media starts to sprout when germinateing, and its plot is carried out weeding fertilising in batches, and in April, June, press 15kg/ mu, 20kg/ mu by the end of July, the standard of 30kg/ mu applies topdress (Yunnan urea, Luzhou urea etc.).
5, the method repeating 1-4 before annual March November to next year carries out cultivating and gathers, and collects the sub-branches and leaves in graceful ground and root for extracting the products such as taxol.
What finally illustrate is, above embodiment is only in order to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and unrestricted, although with reference to better embodiment to invention has been detailed explanation, it will be understood by those within the art that, the technical scheme of the present invention can be modified or equivalent replacement, and not departing from objective and the scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the right of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. one kind is improved cultivation and the collection method of Taxus x media biomass, it is characterized in that: every year Taxus x media is carried out the transplanting of repetition original place and gathers its root and leaf simultaneously, cut away main root during transplanting with starting aging fibrous root and to spray root-growing agent and make Taxus x media lose main root completely, impel fibrous root to grow; Comprise the following steps:
A. before March November to next year, by Taxus x media raw for plantation 2-3, by normal acquisition branches and leaves mode beta pruning, then play seedling on the spot and main root and 30-40% are started aging fibrous root and cuts, then after the root after pruning being sprayed root-growing agent, original place is planted, and collects the root and branches and leaves cut;
B. annual late March Taxus x media starts to sprout when germinateing, and carries out weeding fertilising, and April, June, by the end of July by 12��18kg/ mu, 15��25kg/ mu, the standard of 27��35kg/ mu applies topdresses;
C., before later March annual November to next year, this Taxus x media is carried out repetition original place transplant as stated above and gathers.
2. the cultivation of raising Taxus x media biomass according to claim 1 and collection method, it is characterised in that: in step a, select between height above sea level 800��1800 meters, year more than rainfall 1000mm, temperature less than 35 DEG C, atmospheric moisture more than 82%; The gradient less than 35 degree, soil thickness more than 50 centimetres, between PH value 5-6, soil property is loosened, filter water, and permeability is good, and chad content is few, not the sandy soil of ponding or the Taxus x media of sandy loam plot plantation.
3. the cultivation of raising Taxus x media biomass according to claim 2 and collection method, it is characterised in that: in step a, described root-growing agent is one or more in a-naa, ABT, other indolebutyric acids, 369 root-inducing powders.
4. the cultivation of raising Taxus x media biomass according to claim 3 and collection method, it is characterized in that: described a-naa and ABT need first to dissolve with alcohol, described a-naa concentration is 500��1000mg/L, and described ABT concentration is 180��250mg/L.
5. the cultivation of raising Taxus x media biomass according to claim 4 and collection method, it is characterised in that: in April, June, pressing 15kg/ mu, 20kg/ mu by the end of July, the standard of 30kg/ mu applies topdresses.
6. the cultivation of raising Taxus x media biomass according to claim 5 and collection method, it is characterised in that: described in the fertilizer that topdresses be the one in Yunnan urea, Luzhou urea.
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CN110934034A (en) * 2019-11-15 2020-03-31 四川农业大学 Tea garden type Taxus media medicinal raw material forest construction method

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